EP1286421A2 - Electrical terminal - Google Patents
Electrical terminal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1286421A2 EP1286421A2 EP02016689A EP02016689A EP1286421A2 EP 1286421 A2 EP1286421 A2 EP 1286421A2 EP 02016689 A EP02016689 A EP 02016689A EP 02016689 A EP02016689 A EP 02016689A EP 1286421 A2 EP1286421 A2 EP 1286421A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact piece
- receptacles
- electrical terminal
- fork
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
- H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
- H01R4/2425—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates
- H01R4/2429—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base
- H01R4/2433—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base one part of the base being movable to push the cable into the slot
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
- H01R4/2445—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives
- H01R4/245—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives the additional means having two or more slotted flat portions
- H01R4/2454—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives the additional means having two or more slotted flat portions forming a U-shape with slotted branches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2491—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members penetrating the insulation being actuated by conductive cams or wedges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
- H01R9/22—Bases, e.g. strip, block, panel
- H01R9/24—Terminal blocks
- H01R9/2416—Means for guiding or retaining wires or cables connected to terminal blocks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical clamp with a housing made of insulating material, a electrically conductive arranged stationary therein Contact piece with knife-forming fork-shaped receptacles and several pivotable by means of a tool Driver bodies, which are provided for this, each one to be inserted into it, with insulation provided, to be connected to the contact piece to hold the electrical conductor and the latter at Panning from a starting position in one of the fork-shaped recordings of the contact piece the insulation cut through and the insulation-free point of the Conductor in conductive clamping contact with the contact piece bring with the driver body in the end position locks.
- Such stripping-free, screwless terminals are known and special embodiments z. B in CH-PS 653 813, 664 647 and 667 164.
- These well-known Clamps have a housing with a foot, which the Mounting on a mounting rail allowed. These clamps serve the simple and quick connection of a supply line and an outgoing line, the two conductors over the Electrical contact piece housed in the housing be connected to each other.
- the object of the present invention was a Find clamp construction, which with four Connection points can be equipped and still maintains a compact design.
- this task is the one defined at the beginning Art according to the invention by the features of the characteristic Part of claim 1 solved.
- Stripping-free, screwless terminal consists of one Housing 1 made of insulating material, which is open on one side and on the other side with a closed back wall 1 'is provided. In the compartments open on one side (They are each connected by a clamp or their The back wall is closed) is electrical on the one hand conductive contact piece 2 inserted and on the other hand, there are pivotable driver bodies 3, 4, 5 and 6 arranged.
- the driver bodies 3-6 are around bolts 3'-6 'pivotable by 30 ° -40 °, as below is described.
- the contact piece 2 which is shown in detail in Figure 4 has the shape of a lying H, with one on shortened both ends compared to the lower leg 7 upper leg 8.
- the four leg ends are with fork-shaped receptacles 9-12, which inside are equipped with cutters to cut in between pressed insulated conductor to cut through the insulation or peel off and make an electrical contact between conductor (not shown) and contact piece manufacture.
- the driver bodies 3-6 are each with a continuous mounting hole 3 '' - 6 '' and an opening 3 '' '- 6' '' for an operating tool (e.g. Screwdriver) and a pawl K, which in Active position of the driver body in one recess the housing 1 snaps into place.
- an operating tool e.g. Screwdriver
- a pawl K which in Active position of the driver body in one recess the housing 1 snaps into place.
- a conductor to be connected (not shown) is shown by the respective mounting hole 3 '' - 6 '' up to the stop (on a housing surface), then using the tool the driver body pivoted 3-6, the conductor pressed between the cutting edges of the recordings 9-12 and the insulation on both sides of the conductor is peeled off, resulting in the production of a reliable electrical contact between conductor and contact piece 2 leads.
- the fork-shaped resilient receptacle 9-12 more or less bent apart.
- the left two are Driver body 3, 4 in the starting position (before insertion a conductor) and the two right driver bodies 5, 6 engaged in the active position (clamping position for the ladder).
- the terminal according to the invention allows the connection of up to to four conductors, which when using the shown one-piece contact piece 2 all interconnected are. Should be provided, the terminal for connecting Only two conductors can be used at a time Connection web 2 'are interrupted. The clamp points then two connection pairs 9, 10 and 11, 12 respectively.
- the terminal is only used to connect three conductors can be assembled on one of the four Driver body can be dispensed with (preferably under Closing the corresponding connection opening in the housing, z. B using a plastic lid).
- the housing 1 is provided with feet 13, 14, which snap the Allow clamp on a mounting rail.
Landscapes
- Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Connection Or Junction Boxes (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Klemme mit einem aus Isoliermaterial bestehenden Gehäuse, einem darin stationär angeordneten elektrisch leitenden Kontaktstück mit schneidenbildenden gabelförmigen Aufnahmen und mehreren mittels eines Werkzeuges verschwenkbaren Mitnehmerkörpern, welche dazu vorgesehen sind, jeweils einen in diese einzuführenden, mit einer Isolation versehenen, an das Kontaktstück anzuschliessenden elektrischen Leiter zu halten und letzterem beim Verschwenken aus einer Ausgangslage in einer der gabelförmigen Aufnahmen des Kontaktstückes die Isolation zu durchschneiden und die derart isolationsfreie Stelle des Leiters in leitenden Klemmkontakt mit dem Kontaktstück zu bringen, wobei der Mitnehmerkörper in der Endstellung einrastet.The present invention relates to an electrical clamp with a housing made of insulating material, a electrically conductive arranged stationary therein Contact piece with knife-forming fork-shaped receptacles and several pivotable by means of a tool Driver bodies, which are provided for this, each one to be inserted into it, with insulation provided, to be connected to the contact piece to hold the electrical conductor and the latter at Panning from a starting position in one of the fork-shaped recordings of the contact piece the insulation cut through and the insulation-free point of the Conductor in conductive clamping contact with the contact piece bring with the driver body in the end position locks.
Derartige abisolierfreie, schraubenlose Klemmen sind bekannt und besondere Ausführungsformen z. B in CH- PS 653 813, 664 647 und 667 164 beschrieben. Diese bekannten Klemmen weisen ein Gehäuse mit einem Fuss auf, welcher die Befestigung auf einer Tragschiene erlaubt. Diese Klemmen dienen dem einfachen und raschen Anschluss einer Zuleitung und einer Abgangsleitung, wobei die beiden Leiter über das im Gehäuse untergebrachte Kontaktstück elektrisch miteinander verbunden werden.Such stripping-free, screwless terminals are known and special embodiments z. B in CH-PS 653 813, 664 647 and 667 164. These well-known Clamps have a housing with a foot, which the Mounting on a mounting rail allowed. These clamps serve the simple and quick connection of a supply line and an outgoing line, the two conductors over the Electrical contact piece housed in the housing be connected to each other.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die heutigen Klemmen mit einer Anschlussstelle für die Zuleitung und einer Anschlussstelle für den Abgang oft nicht genügen. Ein Weiterausbau mit mehr als zwei Anschlussstellen durch Hintereinanderanordnung der Aufnahmen und zugehörigen verschwenkbaren Mitnehmerkörpern ist nicht nur konstruktiv aufwendig, sondern führt auch zu einer entsprechend grösseren Bauweise der Klemme durch die erforderliche Verlängerung des Kontaktstückes.It has been shown that today's clamps with a Connection point for the supply line and a connection point often not enough for the finish. A further expansion with more as two connection points by arranging the Recordings and associated pivotable driver bodies is not only structurally complex, but also leads to a correspondingly larger design of the clamp by the necessary extension of the contact piece.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, eine Klemmenkonstruktion zu finden, welche mit vier Anschlussstellen ausgerüstet werden kann und dabei trotzdem eine kompakte Bauweise beibehält.The object of the present invention was a Find clamp construction, which with four Connection points can be equipped and still maintains a compact design.
Diese Aufgabe ist bei einer Klemme der eingangs definierten
Art erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden
Teils von Anspruch 1 gelöst.For a terminal, this task is the one defined at the beginning
Art according to the invention by the features of the characteristic
Part of
Besondere Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemässen Klemme sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.Special embodiments of the clamp according to the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
Der Erfindungsgegenstand wird nachstehend anhand eines in
der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels noch etwas
näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
Die in Figuren 1-3 der Zeichnung dargestellte elektrische
abisolierfreie, schraubenlose Klemme besteht aus einem
Gehäuse 1 aus Isoliermaterial, welche auf einer Seite offen
und auf der anderen Seite mit einer geschlossenen Rückwand
1' versehen ist. In die nach einer Seite offenen Abteile
(sie werden durch jeweils eine gereihte Klemme bzw. deren
Rückwand geschlossen) ist einerseits ein elektrisch
leitendes Kontaktstück 2 unverschieblich eingesetzt und
andererseits sind verschwenkbare Mitnehmerkörper 3, 4, 5
und 6 angeordnet. Die Mitnehmerkörper 3-6 sind um Bolzen
3'-6' um 30°-40° verschwenkbar, wie nachstehend noch
beschrieben wird.The electrical shown in Figures 1-3 of the drawing
Stripping-free, screwless terminal consists of one
Das Kontaktstück 2, welches in Figur 4 detailliert gezeigt
ist, weist die Form eines liegenden H auf, mit einem an
beiden Enden im Vergleich zum unteren Schenkel 7 verkürzten
oberen Schenkel 8. Die vier Schenkelenden sind mit
gabelförmigen Aufnahmen 9-12 versehen, welche innenseitig
mit Schneiden ausgerüstet sind, um bei einem dazwischen
gedrückten isolierten Leiter die Isolation zu durchtrennen
bzw. abzuschälen und dabei einen elektrischen Kontakt
zwischen Leiter (nicht dargestellt) und Kontaktstück
herzustellen.The
Da die zu den Seitenwänden des Gehäuses hin offenen vier gabelförmigen Aufnahmen paarweise (9, 10; 11, 12) auf zwei im Abstand übereinander liegenden Ebenen angeordnet sind und die verschwenkbaren Mitnehmerkörper 3-6 ebenfalls paarweise auf zwei Ebenen angelenkt sind, lassen sich vier Anschlüsse bei kompaktester Bauweise realisieren.Since the four open to the side walls of the case fork-shaped recordings in pairs (9, 10; 11, 12) on two levels are arranged one above the other at a distance and the pivotable driver bodies 3-6 also are articulated in pairs on two levels, four can be Realize connections with the most compact design.
Die Mitnehmerkörper 3-6 sind jeweils mit einer
durchgehenden Aufnahmebohrung 3''-6'' und einer öffnung
3'''-6''' für ein Betätigungswerkzeug (z. B.
Schraubenzieher) sowie einer Klinke K versehen, welche in
Wirkstellung der Mitnehmerkörper in jeweils eine Vertiefung
des Gehäuses 1 einrastet.The driver bodies 3-6 are each with a
continuous mounting hole 3 '' - 6 '' and an opening
3 '' '- 6' '' for an operating tool (e.g.
Screwdriver) and a pawl K, which in
Active position of the driver body in one recess
the
Ein anzuschliessender Leiter (nicht dargestellt) wird durch
die jeweilige Aufnahmebohrung 3''-6'' bis zum Anschlag (an
einer Gehäusefläche) gesteckt, dann mittels dem Werkzeug
der Mitnehmerkörper 3-6 verschwenkt, wobei der Leiter
zwischen die Schneiden der Aufnahmen 9-12 gedrückt und
dabei die Isolation auf beiden Seiten des Leiters
abgeschält wird, was zur Herstellung eines zuverlässigen
elektrischen Kontaktes zwischen Leiter und Kontaktstück 2
führt. Je nach Leiterquerschnitt und Leiterart (Volldraht,
Litze)wird die gabelförmige federnde Aufnahme 9-12 mehr
oder weniger auseinandergebogen.A conductor to be connected (not shown) is shown by
the respective mounting hole 3 '' - 6 '' up to the stop (on
a housing surface), then using the tool
the driver body pivoted 3-6, the conductor
pressed between the cutting edges of the recordings 9-12 and
the insulation on both sides of the conductor
is peeled off, resulting in the production of a reliable
electrical contact between conductor and
Beim gezeigten Beispiel befinden sich die beiden linken
Mitnehmerkörper 3, 4 in Ausgangsstellung (vor dem Einführen
eines Leiters) und die beiden rechten Mitnehmerkörper 5, 6
in Wirkstellung (Klemmstellung für die Leiter)eingerastet .In the example shown, the left two are
Die erfindungsgemässe Klemme erlaubt den Anschluss von bis
zu vier Leitern, welche bei Verwendung des gezeigten
einteiligen Kontaktstückes 2 alle untereinander verbunden
sind. Sollte vorgesehen sein, die Klemme zum Verbinden von
jeweils nur zwei Leitern einzusetzen, kann der
Verbindungssteg 2' unterbrochen werden. Die Klemme weist
dann zwei Anschlusspaare 9, 10 bzw. 11, 12 auf.The terminal according to the invention allows the connection of up to
to four conductors, which when using the shown
one-
Wenn die Klemme nur zum Anschluss von drei Leitern benutzt
werden soll, kann auf die Montage von einem der vier
Mitnehmerkörper verzichtet werden (vorzugsweise unter
Verschluss der entsprechenden Anschlussöffnung im Gehäuse,
z. B mittels eines Kunststoff- Deckels). Das Gahäuse 1 ist
mit Füssen 13, 14 versehen, welche das Aufschnappen der
Klemme auf eine Tragschiene erlauben.If the terminal is only used to connect three conductors
can be assembled on one of the four
Driver body can be dispensed with (preferably under
Closing the corresponding connection opening in the housing,
z. B using a plastic lid). The
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH15352001 | 2001-08-20 | ||
CH15352001 | 2001-08-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1286421A2 true EP1286421A2 (en) | 2003-02-26 |
EP1286421A3 EP1286421A3 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
EP1286421B1 EP1286421B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
Family
ID=4565541
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02016689A Expired - Lifetime EP1286421B1 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2002-07-26 | Electrical terminal |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6655982B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1286421B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003109687A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1276546C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE380405T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50211308D1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7347718B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2008-03-25 | Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG | Connector means for electrical apparatus, particularly plugs |
CN114765322A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-07-19 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | Insulated terminal for forked or eyelet cable lug |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4681353B2 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2011-05-11 | 河村電器産業株式会社 | Circuit breaker for wiring |
DE102005040657A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-15 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical connection terminal |
JP4693163B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 河村電器産業株式会社 | Circuit breaker |
US7758368B2 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2010-07-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | DIN rail mount |
DE602007012257D1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2011-03-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Connectors in the field of telecommunications |
DE102014115048A1 (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-04-21 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Terminal device with a busbar |
EP3054533B1 (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2020-01-29 | Morsettitalia S.p.A. | Base terminal block and auxiliary terminal block for switchboards and two-tier terminal block assembly comprising base terminal block and auxiliary terminal block |
JP6939663B2 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2021-09-22 | オムロン株式会社 | socket |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4533199A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-08-06 | Burndy Corporation | IDC termination for coaxial cable |
DE19921775A1 (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-16 | Siemens Ag | Connection clamp in insulation displacement technology |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2503464A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-08 | Alsthom Cgee | JUNCTION BLOCK WITH ELECTRICAL CONNECTION WITHOUT STRIPPING |
FR2598038B1 (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1990-09-21 | Alsthom Cgee | CONNECTION ARRANGEMENT WITH INSULATING SLOT FOR ELECTRIC WIRE |
DE29802674U1 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1998-04-16 | Weidmueller Interface | Terminal block with insulation-penetrating conductor connection |
ES2266059T3 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2007-03-01 | WEIDMULLER INTERFACE GMBH & CO. | TERMINAL TERMINAL WITH CUTTING CONTACTS AND CONTACT DRIVING PARTS. |
EP1191634B1 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2005-01-05 | Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. | Terminal block with insulation displacing contacts and connection device |
-
2002
- 2002-07-26 AT AT02016689T patent/ATE380405T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-26 EP EP02016689A patent/EP1286421B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-26 DE DE50211308T patent/DE50211308D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-08 JP JP2002230947A patent/JP2003109687A/en active Pending
- 2002-08-16 CN CNB021303363A patent/CN1276546C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-19 US US10/222,859 patent/US6655982B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4533199A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-08-06 | Burndy Corporation | IDC termination for coaxial cable |
DE19921775A1 (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-16 | Siemens Ag | Connection clamp in insulation displacement technology |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7347718B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2008-03-25 | Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG | Connector means for electrical apparatus, particularly plugs |
CN114765322A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-07-19 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | Insulated terminal for forked or eyelet cable lug |
CN114765322B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-09-15 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | Insulated terminal for forked or eyelet cable lugs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003109687A (en) | 2003-04-11 |
US20030040208A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
EP1286421A3 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
DE50211308D1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
CN1407657A (en) | 2003-04-02 |
ATE380405T1 (en) | 2007-12-15 |
US6655982B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 |
EP1286421B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
CN1276546C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
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