EP1283300B1 - Process and apparatus for deacidifying books - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for deacidifying books Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1283300B1
EP1283300B1 EP20020012965 EP02012965A EP1283300B1 EP 1283300 B1 EP1283300 B1 EP 1283300B1 EP 20020012965 EP20020012965 EP 20020012965 EP 02012965 A EP02012965 A EP 02012965A EP 1283300 B1 EP1283300 B1 EP 1283300B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment vessel
book
air mixture
air
carriage
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EP20020012965
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1283300A3 (en
EP1283300A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Zitzmann
Norbert Leisch
Armin Kratzert
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Individual
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for deacidifying books, in which a paper-containing book is placed in a processing vessel, in which then the paper sheets are first pretreated, then treated with the paper sheets with a water / medium mixture and with an active ingredient / air Be blown mixture, in which then the paper sides are aftertreated, and in which in the treatment vessel with respect to a normal pressure of 1,000 mbar once a negative pressure and another times an overpressure is set.
  • the invention also relates to a device for deacidifying books according to this method, in which a suctioning vacuum pump is connected to the treatment vessel, a device for supplying water / air mixture through openings in the treatment vessel is provided, a compressor means for active ingredient / air Mixture works via nozzles in the processing vessel and a control unit is provided.
  • books here not only books in the true sense of the word understood, but also files, a plurality of notebooks or a loose-leaf collection. So it's about book-like structures that have a variety of sheets of paper that are folded into a sheet pile.
  • the water medium / air mixture is a water vapor / air mixture, wherein the water vapor, when it enters the treatment vessel by suction, is at least 105 ° C hot.
  • the paper sheets are first blown under reduced pressure with the active ingredient / air mixture and then brought into contact with the aspirated water vapor / air mixture at reduced pressure. This is followed by the aftertreatment.
  • the bringing into contact with the hot water medium steam is supposed to be the introduction of the water medium accelerate as well as the drug in the voids paper paper sheets and speed up the process of deacidification and accelerated run.
  • an apparatus and method for mass deacidification and elimination of free acidity of cellulosic materials are known wherein the cellulosic materials to be treated are placed in an autoclave with pressure and temperature control.
  • the process involves drying or dehydration of the cellulosic material in the autoclave.
  • a dosage of a solvent from a solvent bottle and an active deacidification product is carried out to recover a solution of the active deacidification product.
  • the cellulosic material is soaked in contact with the solution of active deacidification products in the autoclave.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the processes occurring due to the active substance and the water medium on or in the paper sheets are accelerated and caused by high temperatures damage the paper sheets are avoided.
  • the method according to the invention solving this problem, is characterized characterized in that the paper sheets are first blown under reduced pressure with a water droplet / air mixture, then at overpressure with the active ingredient / air mixture and then at overpressure again with a water droplet / air mixture.
  • the water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are at a maximum of 50 ° C warm when entering the treatment vessel.
  • the temperature of the water droplets when the water droplet / air mixture enters the processing vessel is well below 100 ° C, caused by high temperatures damage the paper sheets are avoided. Since the water is applied in drops form on the paper sheets, there is an accelerated penetration of water into the paper. Since application of the active ingredient is preceded by application of water droplets and application of active ingredient is followed by application of water droplets, the processes occurring due to the active ingredient and water droplets on the paper sheets are the entry of the active ingredient into the paper, initiation of deacidification and drainage of deacidification accelerates. Since the active ingredient is applied to the moistened paper, it acts faster. Due to the pressure ratios set in the method according to the invention, the penetration of water and active ingredient is accelerated and improved in terms of quantity and penetration depth.
  • the overpressure is a pressure markedly above 1,000 mbar and the negative pressure is a pressure markedly below 1,000 mbar.
  • the water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are made as small as possible. It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the drops of water are the particles of finely atomized water.
  • the water drop / air mixture is therefore an aerosol, i. H. a fine distribution of liquid water in the air.
  • the mixture is a kind of mist that is blown.
  • the water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are at most 40 ° C. warm when they enter the treatment vessel.
  • the inlet temperature of a maximum of 50 ° C or even a maximum of 40 ° C is sufficient to bring the water drops at such a temperature and in the paper that the active substance on and in the paper sufficiently unfold the desired effects.
  • the warm water of the drops of water can be better adapted to the temperature of the paper.
  • a particularly advantageous and advantageous embodiment of the invention is when the re-blowing with the water droplet / air mixture and the blowing with the active ingredient / air mixture in the treatment vessel an overpressure of at least 1,500 mbar, preferably at least 2,000 mbar is assigned.
  • This overpressure drives the water and the active ingredient into the paper.
  • the overpressure thus accelerates the introduction of the water and the active substance into the cavities paper of the paper sheets, after which the process of deacidification accelerates and accelerates.
  • the overpressure is adjusted after the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture.
  • the pressure is z. B. more than 2,500 mbar. In general, the overpressure is still present after the second blowing with water droplets / air mixture.
  • the pretreatment preceding the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture comprises generating a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and if the negative pressure is set lower than 250 mbar. Namely, the deeper the negative pressure is set in the pretreatment, the better the water drops and the active ingredient can then act on the paper. It has the paper on a cavities forming structure and by the negative pressure, the cavities of the paper are made receptive to the active ingredient and the water of the water droplets. It is not only superficially cleaned, but also deep down.
  • the pre-treatment preceding the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture comprises generating a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and if adjusting the negative pressure subsequent to the introduction of the book into the treatment vessel and before blowing it with cleaning air and / or prior to aspiration of polluted air from the treatment vessel.
  • This initial negative pressure results in an improved manner in that the cavities of the paper is opened and a dirt layer located on the paper surface is broken. The nature of the paper is thus prepared for the action of the active ingredient and the water drops improved. This succeeds especially with the increased negative pressure from lower than 250 mbar. It is not only superficially cleaned, but also deep down.
  • a particularly expedient and advantageous embodiment of the invention is therefore when the book is subsequently brought to the aftertreatment in a climatic chamber in which it remains at controlled temperature and humidity conditions for a predetermined maturation time.
  • the book has after the treatment boiler opportunity for further and complete deacidification at suitable temperature and humidity conditions. This is possible because so much drug is supplied to the paper that even after the treatment vessel is still free drug in the paper, which causes a further deacidification. Yellowed pages become white again.
  • the climatic chamber After removing the book from the treatment vessel, it is transferred to the climatic chamber with climate control. Within this, but non-pressurized climatic chamber, the ripening process is continuously monitored and completed after different maturation times, depending on paper type and paper quality. After removal of the book from the climate chamber, the pH of the paper is usually in its outer layers usually at a value> 7.5.
  • the active ingredient is blown in such an amount that it remains completely on / in the paper sheets.
  • the active substance is not offered to the paper in an excess, so that an unused excess of active substance can subsequently be removed from the treatment vessel.
  • the active ingredient can be added to the paper in such an amount and in such a manner that the paper absorbs all the supplied active ingredient and, after the treatment vessel, still has free active substance for a continuation of the deacidification.
  • the active ingredient is supplied in powder form and is usually MgO.
  • the active ingredient is intended to neutralize the acid in the paper and build up an alkaline reserve against future acid attacks.
  • the basic substances of the active substance are z. As periclase, magnesite or dolomite. The chemical neutralization of the different acids contained in the paper is initiated or initiated.
  • the invention also consists in a device of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the means for supplying water medium / air mixture comprises a compressor means for a water drop / air mixture and nozzles on the treatment vessel and programs the control unit for the process sequence according to the invention is.
  • a carriage means is retracted and the cart means comprises in a row a plurality of carrying means for each book in the row and the processing kettle has associated with each carrying means a means for supplying water medium / air mixture and active ingredient / air Mix in the processing vessel to the respective book.
  • the carriage means is divided into a plurality of occasional short book trolleys on which the carrying means are distributed, and the processing kettle is divided into a plurality of kettle units mounted together and adapted to receive one each of the short book trolleys.
  • nozzles are provided for the water droplet / air mixture and for the active ingredient / air mixture and for the air blown / purged, if applicable, and / or if a climate chamber is arranged downstream of the treatment vessel, which is provided with a circulating air pump, a temperature device and a humidity device.
  • the treatment vessel is a uniform longitudinally continuous structure and the carriage means is a uniformly continuous long carriage.
  • This device is designed for a maximum number of carrying devices and does not take up more than this maximum number of books over its length.
  • the device is to be operated so that fewer books are introduced for handling than there are lengthwise supports, then the device is unnecessarily long.
  • the known device is therefore poorly adaptable to the respective needs.
  • the long cart is relatively bulky for loading and unloading outside the treatment vessel and requires a relatively large amount of maneuvering space.
  • the treatment vessel can be adapted in length to the respective needs. If there are fewer books in the treatment kettle per treatment, or if fewer books can be loaded or unloaded for each treatment, then it will become shorter Treatment boiler used.
  • the book trolleys are provided. The book trolleys are isolated, ie not permanently coupled together to form a train and can therefore be grouped and loaded in a space-saving manner for loading and unloading outside the treatment vessel. The length adjustment because of selected arrangement of the carriage device is thus exploited for the purpose of simplifying the conditions outside the treatment vessel.
  • each short book carriage is provided with only one carrying device over its length and each boiler unit is provided with a supply device for only one book arranged in the longitudinal direction. This increases the adaptability of the device to the need and also simplifies the transport of the device to the respective location of the device.
  • each short carriage a book carriage motor is associated with an output, which cooperates with a extending in the longitudinal direction of the treatment boiler rail, and the book carriage motors are each controllable by itself.
  • the book carriages in the treatment vessel are each driven by a motor to the assigned boiler unit and are correctly positioned there to the respective device for the supply of water medium / air mixture and active substance / air mixture.
  • the book carriage motor is fixedly mounted on the boiler unit and each book carriage is provided with a power rail. It is then brought a first book carriage with the power rail to the output of a first book carriage motor, which further promotes the book carriage, so that their drive rail in the range of the output of the next book carriage motor passes, etc ..
  • the treatment vessel only at one end Door open and is permanently closed at the other end, so that a boiler unit with the door and a boiler unit is provided with a closure wall.
  • the book carriage motors are reversible, so that the book carriage drive in through the same door opening and extend.
  • the treatment vessel is composed of at least three boiler unit, wherein at least three book trolleys are provided. Outside the treatment vessel, the book trolleys are usually moved by hand.
  • each short carriage has two floors for two books arranged one above the other.
  • the isolated book trolleys can be conveniently loaded with two or more books arranged one above the other.
  • the arrangement of two or more stacked books is appropriate to take advantage of the space in the treatment vessel improved.
  • only two books are provided one above the other.
  • the two books arranged one above the other are at a distance from each other.
  • the means for supplying water medium / air mixture and the supply of active substance / air mixture per vessel unit are also arranged two or more times one above the other to treat each of the stacked books in the same way.
  • a particularly expedient and advantageous embodiment of the invention is also present when the treatment vessel is associated with a supply platform which has at least two juxtaposed parking spaces for each a short book carriage.
  • the provisioning platform, the z. B. is moved to rails, is driven to a loading point where the book trolleys are loaded with the books.
  • the delivery platform is then moved to the treatment vessel to push the book carriages off the platform in the processing vessel.
  • After the treatment of Books are pushed back the book trolleys on the platform, which is driven to a subordinate climatic chamber. There, the treated books are placed in the climatic chamber by the staging platform or its carriage.
  • two treatment platforms are assigned to the treatment vessel, one of which serves to load the book trolleys with books and to load the loaded book trolleys into the processing vessel and the other to dispense the loaded book trolleys from the processing vessel and unload them at the climatic chamber ,
  • the book carriages travel on the supply platform on rails;
  • the device according to Fig. 1 comprises a treatment vessel 1, which is tightly closed all around after the introduction of a book 2 to be treated.
  • the book 2 is located in the treatment vessel 1 on a support means 3, which is reciprocally movable by means of a book carriage motor 4 according to a double arrow 5 back and forth.
  • the book is on the support means 3 with the spine down and the two book covers to the side, so that the paper sheets 6 are free upwards.
  • a vacuum pump 7 is connected to the treatment vessel 1.
  • 2 nozzles 8 are provided laterally in the treatment vessel 1, which via a branch member 9 optionally to a compressor means 10 for warm cleaning air, to a compressor means 11 for Water droplets / air mixture and a compressor 12 for active ingredient / air mixture can be connected.
  • the treatment vessel 1 is functionally connected via intermediate means 13 to a climatic chamber 14, which is tightly closed all around after the introduction of a book 2 'to be treated.
  • the climatic chamber 14 are associated with a circulating air pump 15, a temperature device 16 and a humidity device 17 in order to set a desired climate with respect to temperature and humidity in the climate chamber.
  • the climate chamber 14 includes a shelf 20.
  • the carrying device 3 When the carrying device 3 is retracted with a book 2 into the processing vessel 1, a door 18 located at the one end side of the processing vessel closes. Then the vacuum pump 7 starts to work, which extracts air from the processing vessel 1 and a negative pressure in the processing vessel. initially 150 mbar, generated. When this negative pressure is reached, the carrying device 3 begins to oscillate in accordance with the double arrow 5. At the same time compressed air is blown through the nozzles 10 8 of the compressor means, wherein the compressed air to a warm air temperature of z. B. is heated to 40 ° C or is. By the oscillation and the compressed air, the paper sheets 6 are fanned out.
  • the vacuum pump 7 is still working, sucks air with accumulated dirt and keeps a reduced negative pressure of z. B. 400 mbar in the treatment vessel 1 upright. In this reduced negative pressure is started to cause by means of the compressor means 11 via the nozzles 8, a first injection of a water droplet / air mixture. During this first blowing the vacuum pump 7 is turned off and it forms an overpressure of z. B. 3,000 mbar.
  • the support means 3 oscillates constantly according to the double arrow 5. With further oscillation and further introduction of compressed air then carried by the compressor means 12, the injection of active ingredient / air mixture and then the second injection of water droplets / air mixture. It is then switched off the carriage motor 4 and eliminated the overpressure.
  • the support device 3 is removed with the book 2 on the door 18 from the treatment vessel 1 and brought by the intermediate means 13 through a door 19 in the climatic chamber 14.
  • the book 2 'remains during a sufficient maturation period of, for example, a week in the climatic chamber 14, in which a predetermined temperature-humidity climate by means of the circulating air pump 15, the temperature device 16 and the humidity device 17 is maintained.
  • the book 2 ' is in the closed state on the shelf 20th
  • Fig. 2 Based on the wiring diagram in Fig. 2 The operation of the device according to Fig. 1 described in more detail.
  • the book is located in the treatment vessel 1 on the support.
  • the door has closed automatically and is pressed against a boiler flange.
  • the vacuum pump 7 starts and a valve 2.2. opens.
  • the extracted air is removed by distilled water in an air scrubber 3.0. directed to clean this exhaust air.
  • the carrying device begins by means of the carriage motor with the reciprocating movement and that at a first speed.
  • the deflated air is via the air scrubber 3.0. cleaned.
  • Injection valves 6.3.2., 6.4.2., 6.5.2. and 6.6.2. are opened to push active substance, which is stored in storage tanks 6.3., 6.4., 6.5. and 6.6. located.
  • blow-off valves 6.3.3., 6.4.3., 6.5.3. and 6.6.3. opened for active ingredient and the active ingredient is added via the nozzles 1.8.1., 1.8.2., 1.8.3. and 1.8.4. evenly distributed on the pages of the book.
  • Now open the valves 4.3.1.1., 4.3.2.1., 4.3.3.1. and 4.3.4.1. and 1,660 mg of distilled water are distributed evenly and finely atomized per nozzle on the paper sheets.
  • the carriage motor is braked to a third speed.
  • the valves 1.8.1.1., 1.8.2.1., 1.8.3.1. and 1.8.4.1. will be closed now.
  • the scrolling in the book thus stops; the air pressure is less by itself, since the pressure compensating valve 7.0. still open.
  • the carriage motor will now be switched off as well. If the pressure has fallen to about 1,000 mbar, the door of the treatment vessel 1 opens automatically.
  • the circuit diagram according to Fig. 2 also shows a compressor means 10 for warm compressed air of 40 ° C, a pressure reducing valve 1.3. and a control line 1.4. with a control valve 1.5 .. Furthermore, there are provided a distributor 1.7., A control line 4.2.1. with a pressure reducing valve 4.2., valves 6.5.1. and 6.6.1. for active substance, one line 7.1. for pressure equalization, a distributor 6.1., reservoir 6.3. and 6.4. for active substance and valves 6.3.1. and 6.4.1. for active ingredient.
  • the support means 3 is provided on a short carriage 21, which consists essentially of four wheels 22 and a frame 23 and moves on rails not shown in the treatment vessel 1.
  • the book carriage motor 4 is shown on the carriage 21, although it is preferably located on the treatment vessel.
  • the climate chamber 14 contains more than two superimposed shelves 20, and the books shown 2 'are, as is the practice, different sizes.
  • the device according to 4 to 6 comprises a treatment vessel 1, which consists of five boiler units 24, which are assembled in pairs in assembly areas 25.
  • One outer boiler unit 24 is provided with the door 18 and the other outer boiler unit is provided with a closure wall 26.
  • Each boiler unit 24 stands on its own legs 27.
  • Each boiler unit 24 is provided, in a central area, with a pair of rails 28, which collide at the mounting areas 25 and result in overall rails extending along the entire processing vessel 1.
  • the wheels 22 roll a Lore 21 and it is arranged on each boiler unit 24, a short book carriage 21, wherein the book carriages are not mechanically connected to each other.
  • Each book carriage 21 is assigned a book carriage motor 4 in the boiler unit 24, which operates via an output 29 on a drive rail 30 which sits on the carriage 21.
  • Each Buchwangen forms on its frame 23 carrying device in two floors 31, so that in accordance with Fig. 4 two books 2 are arranged one above the other.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Entsäuern von Büchern, bei dem ein Papierblätter aufweisendes Buch in einen Behandlungskessel gebracht wird, bei dem dann die Papierblätter zunächst vorbehandelt werden, bei dem sodann die Papierblätter mit einem Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch behandelt und mit einem Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch beblasen werden, bei dem dann die Papierseiten nachbehandelt werden, und bei dem in dem Behandlungskessel in Bezug auf einen Normaldruck von 1.000 mbar einmal ein Unterdruck und ein anderes mal ein Überdruck eingestellt wird.The invention relates to a method for deacidifying books, in which a paper-containing book is placed in a processing vessel, in which then the paper sheets are first pretreated, then treated with the paper sheets with a water / medium mixture and with an active ingredient / air Be blown mixture, in which then the paper sides are aftertreated, and in which in the treatment vessel with respect to a normal pressure of 1,000 mbar once a negative pressure and another times an overpressure is set.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zum Entsäuern von Büchern gemäß diesem Verfahren, bei der an den Behandlungskessel eine absaugende Vakuumpumpe angeschlossen ist, eine Einrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch über Öffnungen in den Behandlungskessel vorgesehen ist, ein Verdichtermittel für Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch über Düsen in den Behandlungskessel arbeitet und eine Steuereinheit vorgesehen ist.The invention also relates to a device for deacidifying books according to this method, in which a suctioning vacuum pump is connected to the treatment vessel, a device for supplying water / air mixture through openings in the treatment vessel is provided, a compressor means for active ingredient / air Mixture works via nozzles in the processing vessel and a control unit is provided.

Unter "Büchern" werden hier nicht nur Bücher im eigentlichen Sinn des Wortes verstanden, sondern auch Akten, eine Mehrzahl von Heften oder eine Loseblattsammlung. Es geht also um buchartige Gebilde, die eine Vielzahl von Papierblättern aufweisen, die zu einem Blattstoß zusammengelegt sind.Under "books" here not only books in the true sense of the word understood, but also files, a plurality of notebooks or a loose-leaf collection. So it's about book-like structures that have a variety of sheets of paper that are folded into a sheet pile.

Bei einem bekannten ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) Verfahren dieser Art ist das Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch ein Wasserdampf/Luft-Gemisch, wobei der Wasserdampf, wenn er in den Behandlungskessel durch Einsaugen gelangt, mindestens 105 ° C heiß ist. Es werden die Papierblätter zunächst bei Unterdruck mit dem Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch beblasen und dann bei Unterdruck mit dem eingesaugten Wasserdampf/Luft-Gemisch in Berührung gebracht. Daran schließt sich die Nachbehandlung an. Das In-Berührung-Bringen mit dem heißen Wassermedium Wasserdampf soll vermutlich das Einbringen des Wassermediums sowie des Wirkstoffs in das Hohlräume aufweisende Papier der Papierblätter beschleunigen und den Prozeß des Entsäuerns beschleunigt in Gang setzen sowie beschleunigt ablaufen lassen. Bei dem Prozeß des Entsäuerns geht in dem Papier befindliche Säure eine Verbindung mit dem bezüglich des Papiers aufgebrachten und eingebrachten Wirkstoff ein. Auch wenn der heiße Zustand des Wasserdampfs hinsichtlich der erwähnten Beschleunigungen von Vorteil ist, ist er doch für das Papier der Papierblätter schädlich. Es gibt im Papier befindliche Faserarten, z. B. pflanzliche Fasern, die durch die mit dem Wasserdampf verbundenen hohen Temperaturen geschädigt werden. Es kommt also bei dem bekannten Verfahren zum Entsäuern von Büchern zu Beschädigungen von Papierblättern.In a known ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) Process of this type, the water medium / air mixture is a water vapor / air mixture, wherein the water vapor, when it enters the treatment vessel by suction, is at least 105 ° C hot. The paper sheets are first blown under reduced pressure with the active ingredient / air mixture and then brought into contact with the aspirated water vapor / air mixture at reduced pressure. This is followed by the aftertreatment. The bringing into contact with the hot water medium steam is supposed to be the introduction of the water medium accelerate as well as the drug in the voids paper paper sheets and speed up the process of deacidification and accelerated run. In the process of deacidification, acid present in the paper makes a connection with the active substance applied and introduced with respect to the paper. Although the hot state of water vapor is advantageous in terms of the aforementioned accelerations, it is detrimental to the paper of the paper sheets. There are in-paper fiber types, z. As vegetable fibers that are damaged by the associated with the water vapor high temperatures. So it comes with the known method for deacidifying books to damage of paper sheets.

In der US 4,863,566 ist ein Verfahren zur Konservierung bedruckter Zellulosematerialien, insbesondere zur Anwendung bei der Entsäuerung von Zellulosematerialien, beispielsweise Büchern und bedruckte Papiere, beschrieben. Das Verfahren betrifft die Behandlung der Materialien unter Vakuumbedingungen mit einem gasförmigen Gemisch aus Ammoniak und einem Organo-Epoxyd-Reagenz, aus der Gruppe ausgewählt, die aus Alkylverbindungen oder Gemischen davon besteht und die in situ primäre, sekundäre und tertiäre Aminoverbindungen hervorrufen, bei Reaktionen mit Ammoniak.In the US 4,863,566 A method of preserving printed cellulosic materials, in particular for use in the deacidification of cellulosic materials, such as books and printed papers, is described. The process involves treating the materials under vacuum conditions with a gaseous mixture of ammonia and an organo-epoxide reagent selected from the group consisting of alkyl compounds or mixtures thereof which in situ produce primary, secondary and tertiary amino compounds in reactions with Ammonia.

Aus der WO 00/73584 A1 sind eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Massenentsäuerung und Eliminierung freier Azidität von Zellulosematerialien bekannt, wobei die zu behandelnden Zellulosematerialien in einen Autoklaven mit Druck- und Temperatursteuerung eingelegt werden. Zunächst erfolgt bei dem Verfahren ein Trocknen oder eine Dehydratisierung des Zellulosematerials in dem Autoklaven. Anschließend erfolgt eine Dosierung eines Lösungsmittels aus einer Lösungsmittelflasche und eines aktiven Entsäuerungsproduktes, um eine Lösung des aktiven Entsäuerungsproduktes zu gewinnen. Das Zellulosematerial wird durch Kontakt mit der Lösung des aktiven Entsäuerungsprodukte in dem Autoklaven getränkt.From the WO 00/73584 A1 For example, an apparatus and method for mass deacidification and elimination of free acidity of cellulosic materials are known wherein the cellulosic materials to be treated are placed in an autoclave with pressure and temperature control. First, the process involves drying or dehydration of the cellulosic material in the autoclave. Subsequently, a dosage of a solvent from a solvent bottle and an active deacidification product is carried out to recover a solution of the active deacidification product. The cellulosic material is soaked in contact with the solution of active deacidification products in the autoclave.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die aufgrund des Wirkstoffs und des Wassermediums an bzw. in den Papierblättern ablaufenden Vorgänge beschleunigt gestaltet sind und durch hohe Temperaturen bedingte Beschädigungen der Papierblätter vermieden sind. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist, diese Aufgabe lösend, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Papierblätter zunächst bei Unterdruck mit einem Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch, dann bei Überdruck mit dem Wirkstoff/LuftGemisch und dann bei Überdruck erneut mit einem Wassertropfen/LuftGemisch beblasen werden. Die Wassertropfen des Wassertropfen/LuftGemisches sind beim Eintritt in den Behandlungskessel maximal 50 ° C warm.An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the processes occurring due to the active substance and the water medium on or in the paper sheets are accelerated and caused by high temperatures damage the paper sheets are avoided. The method according to the invention, solving this problem, is characterized characterized in that the paper sheets are first blown under reduced pressure with a water droplet / air mixture, then at overpressure with the active ingredient / air mixture and then at overpressure again with a water droplet / air mixture. The water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are at a maximum of 50 ° C warm when entering the treatment vessel.

Da die Temperatur der Wassertropfen, wenn das Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch in den Behandlungskessel eintritt, deutlich unter 100 ° C liegt, sind durch hohe Temperaturen bedingte Beschädigungen der Papierblätter vermieden. Da das Wasser in Tropfenform auf die Papierblätter aufgebracht wird, ist ein beschleunigtes Eindringen des Wassers in das Papier gegeben. Da dem Aufbringen des Wirkstoffs ein Aufbringen von Wassertropfen vorhergeht und dem Aufbringen von Wirkstoff ein Aufbringen von Wassertropfen folgt, sind die aufgrund des Wirkstoffs und der Wassertropfen an bzw. in den Papierblättern ablaufenden Vorgänge hinsichtlich Eintretens des Wirkstoffs in das Papier, Ingangsetzens des Entsäuerns und Ablaufens des Entsäuerns beschleunigt. Da der Wirkstoff auf das angefeuchtete Papier gegeben wird, wirkt er schneller. Durch die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eingestellten Druckverhältnisse wird das Eindringen von Wasser und Wirkstoff beschleunigt und hinsichtlich Menge und Eindringtiefe verbessert. Der Überdruck ist ein merklich über 1.000 mbar liegender Druck und der Unterdruck ist ein merklich unter 1.000 mbar liegender Druck.Since the temperature of the water droplets, when the water droplet / air mixture enters the processing vessel is well below 100 ° C, caused by high temperatures damage the paper sheets are avoided. Since the water is applied in drops form on the paper sheets, there is an accelerated penetration of water into the paper. Since application of the active ingredient is preceded by application of water droplets and application of active ingredient is followed by application of water droplets, the processes occurring due to the active ingredient and water droplets on the paper sheets are the entry of the active ingredient into the paper, initiation of deacidification and drainage of deacidification accelerates. Since the active ingredient is applied to the moistened paper, it acts faster. Due to the pressure ratios set in the method according to the invention, the penetration of water and active ingredient is accelerated and improved in terms of quantity and penetration depth. The overpressure is a pressure markedly above 1,000 mbar and the negative pressure is a pressure markedly below 1,000 mbar.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Wassertropfen des Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisches möglichst klein gestaltet. Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Wassertropfen die Teilchen fein zerstäubten Wassers sind. Bei dem Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch handelt es sich also um ein Aerosol, d. h. eine feinste Verteilung des flüssigen Wassers in der Luft. Das Gemisch ist eine Art Nebel, der geblasen wird.In the method according to the invention, the water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are made as small as possible. It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the drops of water are the particles of finely atomized water. The water drop / air mixture is therefore an aerosol, i. H. a fine distribution of liquid water in the air. The mixture is a kind of mist that is blown.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn die Wassertropfen des Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisches beim Eintritt in den Behandlungskessel maximal 40 ° C warm sind. Die Eintrittstemperatur von maximal 50 ° C oder sogar maximal 40 ° C genügt, um die Wassertropfen mit einer solchen Temperatur an und in das Papier zu bringen, daß der Wirkstoff am und im Papier die erwünschten Wirkungen ausreichend entfaltet. Das warme Wasser der Wassertropfen läßt sich besser der Temperatur des Papiers anpassen.It is also particularly expedient and advantageous if the water droplets of the water droplet / air mixture are at most 40 ° C. warm when they enter the treatment vessel. The inlet temperature of a maximum of 50 ° C or even a maximum of 40 ° C is sufficient to bring the water drops at such a temperature and in the paper that the active substance on and in the paper sufficiently unfold the desired effects. The warm water of the drops of water can be better adapted to the temperature of the paper.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige und vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegt vor, wenn dem erneuten Beblasen mit dem Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch und dem Beblasen mit dem Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch in dem Behandlungskessel ein Überdruck von mindestens 1.500 mbar, vorzugsweise mindestens 2.000 mbar zugeordnet wird. Dieser Überdruck treibt das Wasser und den Wirkstoff in das Papier hinein. Der Überdruck beschleunigt also das Einbringen des Wassers und des Wirkstoffs in das Hohlräume aufweisende Papier der Papierblätter, wonach der Prozeß des Entsäuerns beschleunigt in Gang kommt sowie beschleunigt abläuft. In der Regel wird der Überdruck nach dem ersten Beblasen mit Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch eingestellt. Der Überdruck beträgt z. B. mehr als 2.500 mbar. In der Regel ist der Überdruck auch noch nach dem zweiten Beblasen mit Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch vorhanden.A particularly advantageous and advantageous embodiment of the invention is when the re-blowing with the water droplet / air mixture and the blowing with the active ingredient / air mixture in the treatment vessel an overpressure of at least 1,500 mbar, preferably at least 2,000 mbar is assigned. This overpressure drives the water and the active ingredient into the paper. The overpressure thus accelerates the introduction of the water and the active substance into the cavities paper of the paper sheets, after which the process of deacidification accelerates and accelerates. As a rule, the overpressure is adjusted after the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture. The pressure is z. B. more than 2,500 mbar. In general, the overpressure is still present after the second blowing with water droplets / air mixture.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, wenn die dem ersten Beblasen mit Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch vorhergehende Vorbehandlung das Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in dem Behandlungskessel umfaßt und wenn der Unterdruck tiefer als 250 mbar eingestellt wird. Je tiefer nämlich der Unterdruck bei der Vorbehandlung eingestellt wird, desto besser können danach die Wassertropfen und der Wirkstoff auf das Papier einwirken. Es weist das Papier ein Hohlräume bildendes Gefüge auf und durch den Unterdruck werden die Hohlräume des Papiers aufnahmebereit für den Wirkstoff und das Wasser der Wassertropfen gemacht. Es wird nicht nur oberflächlich, sondern in der Tiefe gereinigt.It is furthermore particularly expedient and advantageous if the pretreatment preceding the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture comprises generating a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and if the negative pressure is set lower than 250 mbar. Namely, the deeper the negative pressure is set in the pretreatment, the better the water drops and the active ingredient can then act on the paper. It has the paper on a cavities forming structure and by the negative pressure, the cavities of the paper are made receptive to the active ingredient and the water of the water droplets. It is not only superficially cleaned, but also deep down.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es sodann, wenn die dem ersten Beblasen mit Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch vorhergehende Vorbehandlung das Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks in dem Behandlungskessel umfaßt und wenn das Einstellen des Unterdrucks anschließend an das Einbringen des Buchs in den Behandlungskessel sowie vor einem Beblasen mit Reinigungsluft und/oder vor einem Absaugen von mit Verschmutzungen beladener Luft aus dem Behandlungskessel erfolgt. Dieser an den Anfang gestellte Unterdruck führt in verbesserter Weise dazu, daß die Hohlräume des Papiers geöffnet und eine an der Papieroberfläche befindliche Schmutzschicht zerbrochen wird. Die Beschaffenheit des Papiers wird also für das Einwirken des Wirkstoffs und der Wassertropfen verbessert vorbereitet. Dies gelingt besonders bei dem verstärkten Unterdruck von tiefer als 250 mbar. Es wird nicht nur oberflächlich, sondern in der Tiefe gereinigt.It is then particularly expedient and advantageous if the pre-treatment preceding the first blowing with water droplets / air mixture comprises generating a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and if adjusting the negative pressure subsequent to the introduction of the book into the treatment vessel and before blowing it with cleaning air and / or prior to aspiration of polluted air from the treatment vessel. This initial negative pressure results in an improved manner in that the cavities of the paper is opened and a dirt layer located on the paper surface is broken. The nature of the paper is thus prepared for the action of the active ingredient and the water drops improved. This succeeds especially with the increased negative pressure from lower than 250 mbar. It is not only superficially cleaned, but also deep down.

Bei dem bekannten ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) Verfahren läßt sich durch die Maßnahmen im Behandlungskessel ein bestimmtes, nicht vollständiges Maß an Entsäuerung erreichen. Wenn das Buch aus dem Behandlungskessel an die Umgebungsatmosphäre gelangt, findet in der Regel keine merkliche Entsäuerung mehr statt, weil dazu die Temperatur- und Feuchteverhältnisse nicht geeignet sind und weil das Papier keinen freien Wirkstoff mehr aufweist, der eine weitere Entsäuerung bewirken kann. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist also das Ausmaß der erreichbaren Entsäuerung unbefriedigend.In the known ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) Method can be achieved by the measures in the treatment vessel a certain, not complete degree of deacidification. If the book from the processing vessel reaches the ambient atmosphere, no significant deacidification usually takes place, because to the temperature and humidity conditions are not suitable and because the paper no longer has any active ingredient that can cause further deacidification. In the known method, therefore, the extent of achievable deacidification is unsatisfactory.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige und vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegt daher vor, wenn das Buch anschließend an die Nachbehandlung in eine Klimakammer gebracht wird, in der es bei geregelten Temperatur- und Feuchteverhältnissen für eine vorgegebene Reifezeit verbleibt. Das Buch hat nach dem Behandlungskessel Gelegenheit zu einer weiteren und vollständigen Entsäuerung bei geeigneten Temperatur- und Feuchteverhältnissen. Dies ist möglich, weil dem Papier soviel Wirkstoff zugeführt ist, daß auch nach dem Behandlungskessel noch freier Wirkstoff im Papier ist, der eine weitere Entsäuerung bewirkt. Vergilbte Buchseiten werden wieder weiß.A particularly expedient and advantageous embodiment of the invention is therefore when the book is subsequently brought to the aftertreatment in a climatic chamber in which it remains at controlled temperature and humidity conditions for a predetermined maturation time. The book has after the treatment boiler opportunity for further and complete deacidification at suitable temperature and humidity conditions. This is possible because so much drug is supplied to the paper that even after the treatment vessel is still free drug in the paper, which causes a further deacidification. Yellowed pages become white again.

Nach der Entnahme des Buches aus dem Behandlungskessel wird dieses in die Klimakammer mit Klimaregelung verbracht. Innerhalb dieser, allerdings überdrucklosen Klimakammer wird der Reifeprozeß kontinuierlich überwacht und je nach Papierart und Papierqualität nach verschiedenen Reifezeiten abgeschlossen. Nach der Entnahme des Buches aus der Klimakammer liegt der pH-Wert des Papiers jedenfalls in dessen Deckschichten in der Regel bei einem Wert > 7,5.After removing the book from the treatment vessel, it is transferred to the climatic chamber with climate control. Within this, but non-pressurized climatic chamber, the ripening process is continuously monitored and completed after different maturation times, depending on paper type and paper quality. After removal of the book from the climate chamber, the pH of the paper is usually in its outer layers usually at a value> 7.5.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es noch, wenn der Wirkstoff in einer derart bemessenen Menge eingeblasen wird, daß er vollständig an/in den Papierblättern bleibt. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird dem Papier der Wirkstoff also nicht in einem Überschuß angeboten, so daß nachträglich ein unverbrauchter Überschuß an Wirkstoff aus dem Behandlungskessel zu entfernen ist. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren läßt sich der Wirkstoff dem Papier in einer solchen Menge und in einer solchen Art und Weise zuführen, daß das Papier sämtlichen zugeführten Wirkstoff aufnimmt und nach dem Behandlungskessel noch für eine Fortsetzung der Entsäuerung freien Wirkstoff aufweist.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the active ingredient is blown in such an amount that it remains completely on / in the paper sheets. In the method according to the invention, therefore, the active substance is not offered to the paper in an excess, so that an unused excess of active substance can subsequently be removed from the treatment vessel. In the method according to the invention, the active ingredient can be added to the paper in such an amount and in such a manner that the paper absorbs all the supplied active ingredient and, after the treatment vessel, still has free active substance for a continuation of the deacidification.

Der Wirkstoff wird in Pulverform zugeführt und ist in der Regel MgO. Der Wirkstoff soll die Säure im Papier neutralisieren und eine alkalische Reserve gegen zukünftige Säureangriffe aufbauen. Die Grundsubstanzen des Wirkstoffs sind z. B. Periklas, Magnesit oder Dolomit. Es wird die chemische Neutralisation der im Papier enthaltenen unterschiedlichen Säuren angeregt bzw. eingeleitet.The active ingredient is supplied in powder form and is usually MgO. The active ingredient is intended to neutralize the acid in the paper and build up an alkaline reserve against future acid attacks. The basic substances of the active substance are z. As periclase, magnesite or dolomite. The chemical neutralization of the different acids contained in the paper is initiated or initiated.

Die Erfindung besteht auch in einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Einrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch ein Verdichtermittel für ein Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch und Düsen am Behandlungskessel umfaßt und die Steuereinheit für den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensablauf programmiert ist.The invention also consists in a device of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the means for supplying water medium / air mixture comprises a compressor means for a water drop / air mixture and nozzles on the treatment vessel and programs the control unit for the process sequence according to the invention is.

Ferner ist zum Entsäuern in einen Behandlungskessel eine Wageneinrichtung eingefahren und die Wageneinrichtung weist in einer Reihe eine Mehrzahl von Trageinrichtungen für je ein Buch in der Reihe auf und der Behandlungskessel weist jeder Trageinrichtung zugeordnet eine Einrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch und Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch in dem Behandlungskessel an das jeweilige Buch auf. Schließlich ist die Wageneinrichtung in eine Mehrzahl von vereinzelten kurzen Buchwagen gegliedert, auf welche die Trageinrichtungen verteilt sind, und der Behandlungskessel ist in eine Mehrzahl von Kesseleinheiten gegliedert, die zusammen montiert sind und zur Aufnahme je einer der kurzen Buchwagen ausgebildet sind.Further, for deacidification in a processing vessel, a carriage means is retracted and the cart means comprises in a row a plurality of carrying means for each book in the row and the processing kettle has associated with each carrying means a means for supplying water medium / air mixture and active ingredient / air Mix in the processing vessel to the respective book. Finally, the carriage means is divided into a plurality of occasional short book trolleys on which the carrying means are distributed, and the processing kettle is divided into a plurality of kettle units mounted together and adapted to receive one each of the short book trolleys.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn für das Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch und für das Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch und für die ggf. zum Reinigen/Blättern eingeblasene Luft dieselben Düsen vorgesehen sind und/oder wenn dem Behandlungskessel eine Klimakammer nachgeordnet ist, die mit einer Umluftpumpe, einer Temperatureinrichtung und einer Feuchteeinrichtung versehen ist.It is especially expedient and advantageous if the same nozzles are provided for the water droplet / air mixture and for the active ingredient / air mixture and for the air blown / purged, if applicable, and / or if a climate chamber is arranged downstream of the treatment vessel, which is provided with a circulating air pump, a temperature device and a humidity device.

Bei einer bekannten ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) mit einer Wageneinrichtung versehenen Vorrichtung der im vorhergehenden Absatz genannten Art ist der Behandlungskessel ein einheitlich der Länge nach durchgehendes Gebilde und ist die Wageneinrichtung ein einheitlich durchgehender langer Wagen. Diese Vorrichtung ist für eine maximale Zahl von Trageinrichtungen ausgelegt und nimmt über ihre Länge hin nicht mehr als diese maximale Zahl von Büchern auf. Wenn andererseits die Vorrichtung so betrieben werden soll, daß zu einer Behandlung weniger Bücher eingebracht werden als Trageinrichtungen über die Länge vorhanden sind, dann ist die Vorrichtung unnötig lang. Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist also schlecht an den jeweiligen Bedarf anpassbar. Der lange Wagen ist zum Beladen und Entladen außerhalb des Behandlungskessels relativ sperrig und verlangt relativ viel Platz zum Rangieren.In a known ( DE 197 51 673 C1 ) provided with a carriage device of the type mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the treatment vessel is a uniform longitudinally continuous structure and the carriage means is a uniformly continuous long carriage. This device is designed for a maximum number of carrying devices and does not take up more than this maximum number of books over its length. On the other hand, if the device is to be operated so that fewer books are introduced for handling than there are lengthwise supports, then the device is unnecessarily long. The known device is therefore poorly adaptable to the respective needs. The long cart is relatively bulky for loading and unloading outside the treatment vessel and requires a relatively large amount of maneuvering space.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung läßt sich der Behandlungskessel in der Länge an den jeweiligen Bedarf anpassen. Wenn pro Behandlung weniger Bücher in dem Behandlungskessel sein sollen oder wenn für jede Behandlung weniger Bücher aufgeladen oder abgeladen werden können, dann wird ein kürzerer Behandlungskessel eingesetzt. In einer der Anzahl der Kesseleinheiten entsprechenden Anzahl werden die Buchwagen vorgesehen. Die Buchwagen sind vereinzelt, d. h. nicht dauerhaft zu einem Zug miteinander verkoppelt und lassen sich daher zum Beladen und Entladen außerhalb des Behandlungskessels in platzsparender Weise gruppieren und rangieren. Die der Längenanpassung wegen gewählte Gliederung der Wageneinrichtung wird also zwecks Vereinfachung der Verhältnisse außerhalb des Behandlungskessels ausgenutzt.In the apparatus according to the invention, the treatment vessel can be adapted in length to the respective needs. If there are fewer books in the treatment kettle per treatment, or if fewer books can be loaded or unloaded for each treatment, then it will become shorter Treatment boiler used. In a number corresponding to the number of boiler units, the book trolleys are provided. The book trolleys are isolated, ie not permanently coupled together to form a train and can therefore be grouped and loaded in a space-saving manner for loading and unloading outside the treatment vessel. The length adjustment because of selected arrangement of the carriage device is thus exploited for the purpose of simplifying the conditions outside the treatment vessel.

Es ist möglich, jeden Buchwagen über die Länge hin, d. h. in Richtung der Längserstreckung des Behandlungskessels mit bis zu drei Trageinrichtungen zu versehen. Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es jedoch, wenn jeder kurze Buchwagen über die Länge hin mit nur einer Trageinrichtung versehen ist und jede Kesseleinheit mit Einrichtung zur Zufuhr für nur ein in Längsrichtung angeordnetes Buch versehen ist. Dies erhöht die Anpassbarkeit der Vorrichtung an den Bedarf und vereinfacht auch den Transport der Vorrichtung zum jeweiligen Ort der Aufstellung der Vorrichtung.It is possible to drive every carriage over the length, d. H. in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the treatment vessel to be provided with up to three support devices. However, it is particularly expedient and advantageous if each short book carriage is provided with only one carrying device over its length and each boiler unit is provided with a supply device for only one book arranged in the longitudinal direction. This increases the adaptability of the device to the need and also simplifies the transport of the device to the respective location of the device.

Es ist möglich, die Buchwagen von Hand in den Behandlungskessel hineinzuschieben und aus dem Behandlungskessel herauszuziehen. Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es jedoch, wenn in dem Behandlungskessel jedem kurzen Buchwagen ein Buchwagenmotor mit einem Abtrieb zugeordnet ist, der mit einer sich in Längsrichtung des Behandlungskessels erstreckenden Triebschiene zusammenwirkt, und die Buchwagenmotoren jeweils für sich steuerbar sind. Es werden also die Buchwagen in dem Behandlungskessel jeweils motorisch zu der zugeordneten Kesseleinheit gefahren und dort richtig zu der jeweiligen Einrichtung zur Zufuhr von Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch und Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch positioniert.It is possible to push the book trolleys by hand into the processing vessel and pull them out of the processing vessel. It is particularly useful and advantageous, however, if in the treatment vessel each short carriage a book carriage motor is associated with an output, which cooperates with a extending in the longitudinal direction of the treatment boiler rail, and the book carriage motors are each controllable by itself. Thus, the book carriages in the treatment vessel are each driven by a motor to the assigned boiler unit and are correctly positioned there to the respective device for the supply of water medium / air mixture and active substance / air mixture.

In der Regel ist der Buchwagenmotor ortsfest an der Kesseleinheit angebracht und ist jeder Buchwagen mit einer Triebschiene versehen. Es wird dann ein erster Buchwagen mit der Triebschiene zum Abtrieb eines ersten Buchwagenmotors gebracht, der den Buchwagen weiter fördert, so daß deren Triebschiene in den Wirkungsbereich des Abtriebs des nächsten Buchwagenmotors gelangt, usw.. In der Regel weist der Behandlungskessel nur an einem Ende eine Tür auf und ist am anderen Ende dauerhaft abgeschlossen, so daß eine Kessel-einheit mit der Tür und eine Kesseleinheit mit einer Abschlußwand versehen ist. Bei dieser Bauweise sind die Buchwagenmotoren reversibel, damit die Buchwagen durch dieselbe Türöffnung einfahren und ausfahren können. In der Regel ist der Behandlungskessel aus mindestens drei Kesseleinheit zusammengesetzt, wobei mindestens drei Buchwagen vorgesehen sind. Außerhalb des Behandlungskessels werden die Buchwagen in der Regel von Hand verschoben.In general, the book carriage motor is fixedly mounted on the boiler unit and each book carriage is provided with a power rail. It is then brought a first book carriage with the power rail to the output of a first book carriage motor, which further promotes the book carriage, so that their drive rail in the range of the output of the next book carriage motor passes, etc .. As a rule, the treatment vessel only at one end Door open and is permanently closed at the other end, so that a boiler unit with the door and a boiler unit is provided with a closure wall. In this design, the book carriage motors are reversible, so that the book carriage drive in through the same door opening and extend. In general, the treatment vessel is composed of at least three boiler unit, wherein at least three book trolleys are provided. Outside the treatment vessel, the book trolleys are usually moved by hand.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es nun, wenn eine Steuereinheit vorgesehen ist, die auf einen Buchwagenmotor jedes kurzen Buchwagens nach einem Programm arbeitet, gemäß dem der Buchwagen in eine ihm zugeordnete Kesseleinheit fährt, dort eine oszillierende Hinundherbewegung macht und sodann aus dem Behandlungskessel hinausfährt. Es werden progammgesteuert die beladenen Buchwagen nacheinander in dem Behandlungskessel zu der zugeordneten Kesseleinheit gefahren, dann erfolgt für die Bücher der Buchwagen gemeinsam die Behandlung und dann werden die Buchwagen nacheinander aus dem Behandlungskessel gefahren.Particularly useful and advantageous it is now when a control unit is provided which operates on a book carriage motor of each short carriage for a program according to which the carriage moves into a boiler unit associated with him, there makes an oscillating Hinundherbewegung and then moves out of the treatment vessel. The loaded book trolleys are driven one after the other in the processing vessel to the assigned boiler unit, then the book trolleys are treated together for the books and then the book trolleys are moved one after the other out of the processing vessel.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es sodann, wenn die Trageinrichtung jedes kurzen Buchwagens zwei Etagen für zwei übereinander angeordnete Bücher aufweist. Die vereinzelten Buchwagen lassen sich bequem mit zwei oder mehr übereinander angeordneten Büchern beladen. Die Anordnung von zwei oder mehr übereinander angeordneten Büchern ist angebracht, um den Platz in dem Behandlungskessel verbessert auszunutzen.It is particularly expedient and advantageous if the carrying device of each short carriage has two floors for two books arranged one above the other. The isolated book trolleys can be conveniently loaded with two or more books arranged one above the other. The arrangement of two or more stacked books is appropriate to take advantage of the space in the treatment vessel improved.

In der Regel werden nur zwei Bücher übereinander vorgesehen. Die zwei übereinander angeordneten Bücher besitzen Abstand voneinander. Die Einrichtungen zur Zufuhr von Wassermedium/Luft-Gemisch und zur Zufuhr von Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch sind pro Kesseleinheit auch zwei- oder mehrfach übereinander angeordnet, um jedes der übereinander angeordneten Bücher in gleicher Weise zu behandeln.As a rule, only two books are provided one above the other. The two books arranged one above the other are at a distance from each other. The means for supplying water medium / air mixture and the supply of active substance / air mixture per vessel unit are also arranged two or more times one above the other to treat each of the stacked books in the same way.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige und vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung liegt auch vor, wenn dem Behandlungskessel eine Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühne zugeordnet ist, die mindestens zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Stellplätze für je einen kurzen Buchwagen aufweist. Die Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühne, die z. B. auf Schienen verschoben wird, wird an eine Beladestelle gefahren, wo die Buchwagen mit den Büchern beladen werden. Sodann wird die Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühne zu dem Behandlungskessel gefahren, um die Buchwagen von der Fahrbühne in dem Behandlungskessel zu schieben. Nach der Behandlung der Bücher werden die Buchwagen wieder auf die Fahrbühne geschoben, die zu einer nachgeordneten Klimakammer gefahren wird. Dort werden die behandelten Bücher von der Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühne bzw. deren Buchwagen in die Klimakammer gelegt.A particularly expedient and advantageous embodiment of the invention is also present when the treatment vessel is associated with a supply platform which has at least two juxtaposed parking spaces for each a short book carriage. The provisioning platform, the z. B. is moved to rails, is driven to a loading point where the book trolleys are loaded with the books. The delivery platform is then moved to the treatment vessel to push the book carriages off the platform in the processing vessel. After the treatment of Books are pushed back the book trolleys on the platform, which is driven to a subordinate climatic chamber. There, the treated books are placed in the climatic chamber by the staging platform or its carriage.

In der Regel sind dem Behandlungskessel zwei Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühnen zugeordnet, von denen jeweils die eine dem Beladen der Buchwagen mit Büchern und dem Einbringen der beladenen Buchwagen in den Behandlungskessel und die andere dem Ausbringen der beladenen Buchwagen aus dem Behandlungskessel und dem Entladen bei der Klimakammer dient. In der Regel fahren die Buchwagen auf der Bereitstellungs-Fahrbühne auf Schienen; es sind entsprechend den parallelen Stellplätzen zwei oder mehr zueinander parallele nebeneinander angeordnete Schienenstücke vorgesehen, die über Schienenweichen in ein Schienenendstück übergehen, das an den Behandlungskessel anschließbar ist.As a rule, two treatment platforms are assigned to the treatment vessel, one of which serves to load the book trolleys with books and to load the loaded book trolleys into the processing vessel and the other to dispense the loaded book trolleys from the processing vessel and unload them at the climatic chamber , As a rule, the book carriages travel on the supply platform on rails; There are two or more mutually parallel juxtaposed rail sections provided in accordance with the parallel parking spaces, which pass over railroad switches in a rail end piece, which is connectable to the treatment vessel.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Vorrichtung zum Entsäuern von Büchern zur Erläuterung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dargestellt und zeigt

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine Vorrichtung zum Entsäuern von Büchern,
  • Fig. 2 ein Schaltschema der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine geringfügig abgeänderte und vergrößerte Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 ein Längsschnitt einer weiteren Vorrichtung zum Entsäuern von Büchern,
  • Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht von Teilen einer Kesseleinheit der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 und
  • Fig. 6 eine Vorderansicht der Darstellung in Fig. 5.
In the drawing, a device for deacidifying books to illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown and shows
  • Fig. 1 schematically a device for deacidifying books,
  • Fig. 2 a circuit diagram of the device according to Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 a slightly modified and enlarged view of the device according to Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 4 a longitudinal section of another device for deacidifying books,
  • Fig. 5 a side view of parts of a boiler unit of the device according to Fig. 4 and
  • Fig. 6 a front view of the illustration in Fig. 5 ,

Die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 umfaßt einen Behandlungskessel 1, der nach dem Einbringen eines zu behandelnden Buches 2 rundum dicht geschlossen ist. Das Buch 2 befindet sich in dem Behandlungskessel 1 auf einer Trageinrichtung 3, die mittels eines Buchwagenmotors 4 entsprechend einem Doppelpfeil 5 oszillierend hin und her bewegbar ist. Das Buch liegt auf der Trageinrichtung 3 mit dem Buchrücken nach unten und den beiden Buchdecken zur Seite, so daß die Papierblätter 6 nach oben hin frei sind. An den Behandlungskessel 1 ist eine Vakuumpumpe 7 angeschlossen. Weiterhin sind im Behandlungskessel 1 seitlich des Buches 2 Düsen 8 vorgesehen, die über ein Zweigglied 9 wahlweise an ein Verdichtermittel 10 für warme Reinigungsluft, an ein Verdichtermittel 11 für Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch und ein Verdichtermittel 12 für Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch anschließbar sind. Der Behandlungskessel 1 ist über Zwischenmittel 13 funktionell mit einer Klimakammer 14 verbunden, die nach dem Einbringen eines zu behandelnden Buches 2' rundum dicht geschlossen ist. Der Klimakammer 14 sind eine Umluftpumpe 15, eine Temperatureinrichtung 16 und eine Feuchteeinrichtung 17 zugeordnet, um in der Klimakammer ein gewünschtes Klima bezüglich Temperatur und Feuchte einzustellen. Die Klimakammer 14 enthält ein Regal 20.The device according to Fig. 1 comprises a treatment vessel 1, which is tightly closed all around after the introduction of a book 2 to be treated. The book 2 is located in the treatment vessel 1 on a support means 3, which is reciprocally movable by means of a book carriage motor 4 according to a double arrow 5 back and forth. The book is on the support means 3 with the spine down and the two book covers to the side, so that the paper sheets 6 are free upwards. To the treatment vessel 1, a vacuum pump 7 is connected. Furthermore, 2 nozzles 8 are provided laterally in the treatment vessel 1, which via a branch member 9 optionally to a compressor means 10 for warm cleaning air, to a compressor means 11 for Water droplets / air mixture and a compressor 12 for active ingredient / air mixture can be connected. The treatment vessel 1 is functionally connected via intermediate means 13 to a climatic chamber 14, which is tightly closed all around after the introduction of a book 2 'to be treated. The climatic chamber 14 are associated with a circulating air pump 15, a temperature device 16 and a humidity device 17 in order to set a desired climate with respect to temperature and humidity in the climate chamber. The climate chamber 14 includes a shelf 20.

Wenn die Trageinrichtung 3 mit einem Buch 2 in den Behandlungskessel 1 eingefahren ist, schließt eine an der einen Stirnseite des Behandlungskessels befindliche Tür 18. Dann fängt die Vakuumpumpe 7 an zu arbeiten, die aus dem Behandlungskessel 1 Luft aussaugt und in dem Behandlungskessel einen Unterdruck, von zunächst 150 mbar, erzeugt. Wenn dieser Unterdruck erreicht ist, fängt die Trageinrichtung 3 an, entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 5 zu oszillieren. Gleichzeitig wird von dem Verdichtermittel 10 Druckluft über die Düsen 8 eingeblasen, wobei die Druckluft auf eine warme Lufttemperatur von z. B. 40 ° C erwärmt ist bzw. wird. Durch die Oszillation und die Druckluft werden die Papierblätter 6 aufgefächert. Die Vakuumpumpe 7 ist weiterhin am Arbeiten, saugt Luft mit angefallenem Schmutz ab und hält einen verringerten Unterdruck von z. B. 400 mbar in dem Behandlungskessel 1 aufrecht. Bei diesem verringerten Unterdruck wird begonnen, mittels des Verdichtermittel 11 über die Düsen 8 ein erstes Einblasen eines Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisches zu veranlassen. Während dieses ersten Einblasens wird die Vakuumpumpe 7 abgestellt und es bildet sich ein Überdruck von z. B. 3.000 mbar. Die Trageinrichtung 3 oszilliert ständig gemäß dem Doppelpfeil 5. Bei weiterer Oszillation und weiterem Einbringen von Druckluft erfolgen dann mittels des Verdichtermittels 12 das Einblasen von Wirkstoff/Luft-Gemisch und danach das zweite Einblasen von Wassertropfen/Luft-Gemisch. Es wird danach der Buchwagenmotor 4 abgeschaltet und der Überdruck beseitigt. Die Trageinrichtung 3 wird mit dem Buch 2 über die Tür 18 aus dem Behandlungskessel 1 entfernt und mittels der Zwischenmittel 13 durch eine Tür 19 in die Klimakammer 14 gebracht. Das Buch 2' bleibt während einer ausreichenden Reifezeit von z.B. einer Woche in der Klimakammer 14, in der ein vorgegebenes Temperatur-Feuchte-Klima mittels der Umluftpumpe 15, der Temperatureinrichtung 16 und der Feuchteeinrichtung 17 aufrechterhalten wird. Das Buch 2' liegt im geschlossenen Zustand auf dem Regal 20.When the carrying device 3 is retracted with a book 2 into the processing vessel 1, a door 18 located at the one end side of the processing vessel closes. Then the vacuum pump 7 starts to work, which extracts air from the processing vessel 1 and a negative pressure in the processing vessel. initially 150 mbar, generated. When this negative pressure is reached, the carrying device 3 begins to oscillate in accordance with the double arrow 5. At the same time compressed air is blown through the nozzles 10 8 of the compressor means, wherein the compressed air to a warm air temperature of z. B. is heated to 40 ° C or is. By the oscillation and the compressed air, the paper sheets 6 are fanned out. The vacuum pump 7 is still working, sucks air with accumulated dirt and keeps a reduced negative pressure of z. B. 400 mbar in the treatment vessel 1 upright. In this reduced negative pressure is started to cause by means of the compressor means 11 via the nozzles 8, a first injection of a water droplet / air mixture. During this first blowing the vacuum pump 7 is turned off and it forms an overpressure of z. B. 3,000 mbar. The support means 3 oscillates constantly according to the double arrow 5. With further oscillation and further introduction of compressed air then carried by the compressor means 12, the injection of active ingredient / air mixture and then the second injection of water droplets / air mixture. It is then switched off the carriage motor 4 and eliminated the overpressure. The support device 3 is removed with the book 2 on the door 18 from the treatment vessel 1 and brought by the intermediate means 13 through a door 19 in the climatic chamber 14. The book 2 'remains during a sufficient maturation period of, for example, a week in the climatic chamber 14, in which a predetermined temperature-humidity climate by means of the circulating air pump 15, the temperature device 16 and the humidity device 17 is maintained. The book 2 'is in the closed state on the shelf 20th

Anhand des Schaltschemas in Fig. 2 wird die Wirkungsweise der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 mit mehr Einzelheiten beschrieben. Das Buch befindet sich in dem Behandlungskessel 1 auf der Trageinrichtung. Die Tür hat automatisch geschlossen und ist an einem Kesselflansch angedrückt. Die Vakuumpumpe 7 startet und ein Ventil 2.2. öffnet sich. Die abgesaugte Luft wird durch destilliertes Wasser in einem Luftwäscher 3.0. geleitet, um diese Abluft zu reinigen. Ist im Behandlungskessel 1 ein Druck von 150 mbar absolut erreicht, fängt die Trageinrichtung mittels des Buchwagenmotors mit der hin und her gehenden Bewegung an und zwar mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit. Gleichzeitig öffnen Ventile 1.8.1.1. für eine erste Düse 1.8.1., 1.8.2.1. für eine zweite Düse 1.8.2., 1.8.3.1. für eine dritte Düse 1.8.3. und 1.8.4.2. für eine vierte Düse 1.8.4.. Falls die Lufttemperatur von 40 ° C noch nicht erreicht ist, springt automatisch eine Heizung 1.6. an, die über einen Thermostat geregelt wird. Das Buch wird durch die einströmende, gewärmte Luft aufgefächert. Über Ventile 4.3.1.1. in einer Leitung 4.3.1., 4.3.2.1. in einer Leitung 4.3.2., 4.3.3.1. in einer Leitung 4.3.3. und 4.3.4.1. in einer Leitung 4.3.4. wird in den Luftstrom 830 mg pro Düse destilliertes Wasser aus einem Wasserbehälter 4.0. dazugegeben. Danach fährt die Trageinrichtung ihre normale Pendelfahrt mit der ersten Geschwindigkeit. Die Vakuumpumpe 7 wird nun abgeschaltet. Das Ventil 2.2. wird geschlossen. Ist nun ein Druck von 3.000 mbar erreicht, wird ein Druckausgleichsventil 7.0. geöffnet; der Druck kann nicht weiter steigen.Based on the wiring diagram in Fig. 2 The operation of the device according to Fig. 1 described in more detail. The book is located in the treatment vessel 1 on the support. The door has closed automatically and is pressed against a boiler flange. The vacuum pump 7 starts and a valve 2.2. opens. The extracted air is removed by distilled water in an air scrubber 3.0. directed to clean this exhaust air. If a pressure of 150 mbar absolute is reached in the treatment vessel 1, the carrying device begins by means of the carriage motor with the reciprocating movement and that at a first speed. At the same time, valves 1.8.1.1 open. for a first nozzle 1.8.1., 1.8.2.1. for a second nozzle 1.8.2., 1.8.3.1. for a third nozzle 1.8.3. and 1.8.4.2. for a fourth nozzle 1.8.4 .. If the air temperature of 40 ° C has not yet been reached, a heater will automatically jump 1.6. on, which is regulated by a thermostat. The book is fanned by the incoming, warmed air. About valves 4.3.1.1. in a line 4.3.1., 4.3.2.1. in a line 4.3.2., 4.3.3.1. in one line 4.3.3. and 4.3.4.1. in one line 4.3.4. in the air stream 830 mg per nozzle distilled water from a water tank 4.0. added. Thereafter, the carrying device drives its normal pendulum drive at the first speed. The vacuum pump 7 is now switched off. The valve 2.2. will be closed. Now that a pressure of 3,000 mbar is reached, a pressure compensation valve 7.0. open; the pressure can not continue to rise.

Die abgelassene Luft wird über den Luftwäscher 3.0. gereinigt. Einblasventile 6.3.2., 6.4.2., 6.5.2. und 6.6.2. werden geöffnet, um Wirkstoff anzuschieben, der sich in Vorratsbehältern 6.3., 6.4., 6.5. und 6.6. befindet. Gleichzeitig werden Ausblasventile 6.3.3., 6.4.3., 6.5.3. und 6.6.3. für Wirkstoff geöffnet und der Wirkstoff wird über die Düsen 1.8.1., 1.8.2., 1.8.3. und 1.8.4. auf den Papierblättern des Buches gleichmäßig verteilt. Nun öffnen die Ventile 4.3.1.1., 4.3.2.1., 4.3.3.1. und 4.3.4.1. und 1.660 mg destilliertes Wasser werden pro Düse auf den Papierblättern gleichmäßig und fein zerstäubt verteilt. Dazu wird der Buchwagenmotor auf eine dritte Geschwindigkeit abgebremst. Die Ventile 1.8.1.1., 1.8.2.1., 1.8.3.1. und 1.8.4.1. werden nun geschlossen. Das Blättern in dem Buch hört somit auf; der Luftdruck wird von selbst weniger, da das Druckausgleichsventil 7.0. noch immer geöffnet ist. Der Buchwagenmotor wird nun ebenfalls abgeschaltet. Ist der Druck auf ca. 1.000 mbar abgefallen, so öffnet sich die Tür des Behandlungskessels 1 selbständig.The deflated air is via the air scrubber 3.0. cleaned. Injection valves 6.3.2., 6.4.2., 6.5.2. and 6.6.2. are opened to push active substance, which is stored in storage tanks 6.3., 6.4., 6.5. and 6.6. located. At the same time, blow-off valves 6.3.3., 6.4.3., 6.5.3. and 6.6.3. opened for active ingredient and the active ingredient is added via the nozzles 1.8.1., 1.8.2., 1.8.3. and 1.8.4. evenly distributed on the pages of the book. Now open the valves 4.3.1.1., 4.3.2.1., 4.3.3.1. and 4.3.4.1. and 1,660 mg of distilled water are distributed evenly and finely atomized per nozzle on the paper sheets. For this purpose, the carriage motor is braked to a third speed. The valves 1.8.1.1., 1.8.2.1., 1.8.3.1. and 1.8.4.1. will be closed now. The scrolling in the book thus stops; the air pressure is less by itself, since the pressure compensating valve 7.0. still open. The carriage motor will now be switched off as well. If the pressure has fallen to about 1,000 mbar, the door of the treatment vessel 1 opens automatically.

Das Schaltschema gemäß Fig. 2 zeigt auch ein Verdichtermittel 10 für warme Druckluft von 40 ° C, ein Druckreduzierventil 1.3. und eine Steuerleitung 1.4. mit einem Steuerventil 1.5.. Weiterhin sind vorgesehen ein Verteiler 1.7., eine Steuerleitung 4.2.1. mit einem Druckreduzierventil 4.2., Ventile 6.5.1. und 6.6.1. für Wirkstoff, eine Leitung 7.1. für Druckausgleich, ein Verteiler 6.1., Vorratsbehälter 6.3. und 6.4. für Wirkstoff und Ventile 6.3.1. und 6.4.1. für Wirkstoff.The circuit diagram according to Fig. 2 also shows a compressor means 10 for warm compressed air of 40 ° C, a pressure reducing valve 1.3. and a control line 1.4. with a control valve 1.5 .. Furthermore, there are provided a distributor 1.7., A control line 4.2.1. with a pressure reducing valve 4.2., valves 6.5.1. and 6.6.1. for active substance, one line 7.1. for pressure equalization, a distributor 6.1., reservoir 6.3. and 6.4. for active substance and valves 6.3.1. and 6.4.1. for active ingredient.

Gemäß Fig. 3 ist die Trageinrichtung 3 an einem kurzen Buchwagen 21 vorgesehen, die im wesentlichen aus vier Rädern 22 und einem Gestell 23 besteht und auf nicht gezeigten Schienen im Behandlungskessel 1 fährt. Auch hier ist der Buchwagenmotor 4 an dem Buchwagen 21 gezeigt, obwohl er bevorzugt am Behandlungskessel angeordnet ist. Die Klimakammer 14 enthält mehr als zwei übereinander angeordnete Regale 20, und die gezeigten Bücher 2' sind, wie es der Praxis entspricht, verschieden groß.According to Fig. 3 the support means 3 is provided on a short carriage 21, which consists essentially of four wheels 22 and a frame 23 and moves on rails not shown in the treatment vessel 1. Again, the book carriage motor 4 is shown on the carriage 21, although it is preferably located on the treatment vessel. The climate chamber 14 contains more than two superimposed shelves 20, and the books shown 2 'are, as is the practice, different sizes.

Die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 umfaßt einen Behandlungskessel 1, der aus fünf Kesseleinheiten 24 besteht, die bei Montagebereichen 25 paarweise zusammengebaut sind. Die eine äußere Kesseleinheit 24 ist mit der Tür 18 versehen und die andere äußere Kesseleinheit ist mit einer Abschlußwand 26 versehen. Jede Kesseleinheit 24 steht auf eigenen Beinen 27. Jede Kesseleinheit 24 ist in einem über die Höhe gesehen mittig angeordneten Bereich mit einem Paar von Schienen 28 versehen, die bei den Montagebereichen 25 zusammenstoßen und Gesamtschienen ergeben, die sich entlang dem gesamten Behandlungskessel 1 erstrecken. Auf den Schienen 28 rollen die Räder 22 einer Lore 21 und es ist an jeder Kesseleinheit 24 ein kurzer Buchwagen 21 angeordnet, wobei die Buchwagen miteinander mechanisch nicht verbunden sind. Jedem Buchwagen 21 ist in der Kesseleinheit 24 ein Buchwagenmotor 4 zugeordnet, der über einen Abtrieb 29 auf eine Treibschiene 30 arbeitet, die an dem Buchwagen 21 sitzt. Jeder Buchwangen bildet an seinem Gestell 23 Trageinrichtung in zwei Etagen 31, so daß gemäß Fig. 4 jeweils zwei Bücher 2 übereinander angeordnet sind.The device according to 4 to 6 comprises a treatment vessel 1, which consists of five boiler units 24, which are assembled in pairs in assembly areas 25. One outer boiler unit 24 is provided with the door 18 and the other outer boiler unit is provided with a closure wall 26. Each boiler unit 24 stands on its own legs 27. Each boiler unit 24 is provided, in a central area, with a pair of rails 28, which collide at the mounting areas 25 and result in overall rails extending along the entire processing vessel 1. On the rails 28, the wheels 22 roll a Lore 21 and it is arranged on each boiler unit 24, a short book carriage 21, wherein the book carriages are not mechanically connected to each other. Each book carriage 21 is assigned a book carriage motor 4 in the boiler unit 24, which operates via an output 29 on a drive rail 30 which sits on the carriage 21. Each Buchwangen forms on its frame 23 carrying device in two floors 31, so that in accordance with Fig. 4 two books 2 are arranged one above the other.

Claims (15)

  1. Process for the deacidification of books,
    in which a book having paper pages is placed into a treatment vessel,
    in which the paper pages are treated with an aqueous medium/air mixture and are blown with an active agent/air mixture,
    wherein sometimes a positive pressure and sometimes a negative pressure in relation to a normal pressure of 1,000 mbar is set in the treatment vessel,
    wherein the paper pages are first blown at negative pressure with a mixture of water droplets/air, then at positive pressure with a mixture of active agent/air and then at positive pressure again with a mixture of water droplets/air and
    wherein the water droplets of the water droplet/air mixture are no warmer than 50 °C on entering the treatment vessel.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the water droplets are particles of finely atomised water.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the water droplets of the water droplet/air mixture are no warmer than 40 °C on entering the treatment vessel.
  4. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that a positive pressure of at least 1,500 mbar, preferably at least 2,000 mbar, is assigned to blowing with the water droplet/air mixture again and to blowing with the active agent/air mixture in the treatment vessel.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a pretreatment preceding the first blowing with the water droplet/air mixture includes the generation of a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and in that the negative pressure is set lower than 250 mbar.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised In that the pretreatment preceding the first blowing with the water droplet/air mixture Includes the generation of a negative pressure in the treatment vessel and in that setting of the negative pressure takes place following insertion of the book in the treatment vessel and before blowing with cleaning air and/or prior to extraction of air laden with contaminants from the treatment vessel.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that subsequent to the post-treatment, the book is placed in a climatic chamber in which it remains under controlled temperature and moisture conditions for a specified curing time.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the active substance is blown in in a quantity measured in such a way that it remains completely on/in the paper pages.
  9. Apparatus for deacidifying books in accordance with the process according to one of the preceding claims,
    in which a vacuum extraction pump is connected to the treatment vessel, a device for supplying an aqueous medium/air mixture via ports In the treatment vessel is provided,
    a compressor means (12) for an active substance/air mixture works via nozzles In the treatment vessel and
    a control unit is provided,
    wherein the device for supplying an aqueous medium/air mixture comprises a compressor means (11) for a water droplet/air mixture and nozzles (8) on the treatment vessel (1) and wherein the control unit is programmed for a process according to one of claims 1 to 8,
    wherein a carriage device is moved into the treatment vessel for deacidification and
    wherein the carriage device has, in a row, a plurality of carrying devices, one for each book in the row and, the treatment vessel has, assigned to
    each carrying device, a device for supplying an aqueous medium/air mixture and an active substance/air mixture to each book in the treatment vessel,
    wherein in addition the carriage device is divided into a plurality of individual short book carriages (21) on which the carrying devices (3) are distributed and
    wherein the treatment vessel (1) is divided into a plurality of vessel units (24) which are joined together (25) and are each designed to accommodate one of the short book carriages (21).
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the same nozzles (8) are provided for the water droplet/air mixture, the active substance/air mixture and the air blown in, if necessary, to clean/turn the pages.
  11. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that a climatic chamber (14) is arranged downstream of the treatment vessel (1), said chamber being provided with an air-circulating pump (15), a temperature device (16) and a moisture device (17).
  12. Apparatus according to claim 9 to 11, characterised in that each short book carriage (21) is provided with only one carrying device (3) along its length and each vessel unit (24) is provided with a device for supplying mixture for only one book (2) arranged longitudinally.
  13. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 12, characterised in that a book carriage motor (4) with a drive (29) is assigned to each short book carriage (21) in the treatment vessel (1), said drive cooperating with a drive rail (30) extending in the longitudinal direction of the treatment vessel, and each of the book carriage motors (4) is controllable individually.
  14. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterised in that a control unit is provided which works according to a program on one book carriage motor (4) of each short book carriage (21), according to which program the short book carriage moves Into a vessel unit (24) assigned to it, makes an oscillating back and forth movement therein and thereafter moves out of the treatment vessel (1).
  15. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterised in that the carrying device (3) of each short book carriage has two tiers (31) for two books (2) arranged one above the other or in that a mobile provisioning platform, which has at least two spaces arranged side by side each for one short book carriage (21), is assigned to the treatment vessel (1).
EP20020012965 2001-08-10 2002-07-01 Process and apparatus for deacidifying books Expired - Lifetime EP1283300B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001139517 DE10139517A1 (en) 2001-08-10 2001-08-10 Method and device for deacidifying books
DE10139517 2001-08-10

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EP1283300A2 EP1283300A2 (en) 2003-02-12
EP1283300A3 EP1283300A3 (en) 2004-10-13
EP1283300B1 true EP1283300B1 (en) 2012-09-12

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CN108642965A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 中国科学技术大学 A kind of method of Electro Sorb method paper deacidification

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SK287856B6 (en) 2008-06-09 2012-01-04 Gabriela Katuscakova Method of modification of documents, especially paper documents, books, archive documents and others sheet materials
CN102182115A (en) * 2011-01-30 2011-09-14 张美芳 Process for disacidifying paper with canned spray
CN116065421B (en) * 2023-03-03 2024-04-05 北京理工大学 Magnesium oxide/calcium carbonate nanocomposite for deacidification treatment of acidified paper literature and preparation method thereof

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EP1283300A3 (en) 2004-10-13
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