EP1277364A1 - Couverture r/f de regions fermees - Google Patents

Couverture r/f de regions fermees

Info

Publication number
EP1277364A1
EP1277364A1 EP01928813A EP01928813A EP1277364A1 EP 1277364 A1 EP1277364 A1 EP 1277364A1 EP 01928813 A EP01928813 A EP 01928813A EP 01928813 A EP01928813 A EP 01928813A EP 1277364 A1 EP1277364 A1 EP 1277364A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
slave
region
transceivers
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01928813A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Haim Weissman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qualcomm Inc
Original Assignee
Qualcomm Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of EP1277364A1 publication Critical patent/EP1277364A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/204—Multiple access
    • H04B7/216—Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/26—Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to wireless communications, and specifically to wireless communications from within a region generally closed to electromagnetic radiation.
  • U. S. patent 5,404,570 to Charas et al, whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes a repeater system used between a base transceiver station (BTS), which is able to receive signals, and a closed environment such as a tunnel, which is closed off to transmissions from the BTS.
  • the system down-converts a high radio-frequency (RF) signal from the BTS to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, which is then radiated by a cable and an antenna in the closed environment to a receiver therein.
  • the receiver up-converts the IF signal to the original RF signal.
  • Systems described in the disclosure include a vehicle moving in a tunnel, so that passengers in the vehicle who would otherwise be cut off from the BTS are able to receive signals.
  • U. S. patent 5,603,080 to Kallandar et al. whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes a plurality of repeater systems used between a plurality of BTSs and a closed environment, which is closed off to transmissions from the BTSs. Each system down-converts an RF signal from its respective BTS to an IF signal, which is then transferred by a cable in the closed environment to one or more respective receivers therein. Each receiver up-converts the IF signal to the original RF signal.
  • Systems described in the disclosure include a vehicle moving between overlapping regions in a tunnel, each region covered by one of the BTSs via its repeater system. Thus, passengers in the vehicle who would otherwise be cut off from one or more of the BTSs are able to receive signals from at least one of the BTSs throughout the tunnel.
  • U. S. patent 5,765,099, to Georges et al. whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes a system and method for transferring an RF signal between two or more regions using a low bandwidth medium such as twisted pair cabling.
  • a low bandwidth medium such as twisted pair cabling.
  • the IF signal is transferred to a second region via the low bandwidth medium, wherein the signal is up-converted to the original RF signal using a second local oscillator.
  • the local oscillators are each locked by a phase locked loop (PLL) in each region to generate the same frequency, the locking being performed in each loop by comparing the local oscillator frequency with a single low frequency stable reference signal generated in one region.
  • the reference signal is transferred between the regions via the low bandwidth medium.
  • PLL phase locked loop
  • Both antennas receive a signal from a transmitter, and the signal received by the second antenna has a time delay added to the original signal.
  • the two signals are summed to form one aggregate signal, which is transmitted from a third antenna.
  • a receiver of the aggregate signal is able to reconstruct the signals received by the first and second antennas.
  • a group of stationary transceivers are installed within a region which is generally closed to electromagnetic radiation from outside the region, such as an interior of a building.
  • the slave units receive a radio frequency (RF) signal from at least one mobile transceiver, such as a mobile cellular telephone, in the region.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the group of slave units are divided into a first and a second sub-group, having generally equal numbers of stationary transceivers in each sub-group.
  • the slave units of the first sub-group are separated spatially from the slave units of the second sub-group. Apart from being spatially separated, transceivers in the first sub-group are positioned independently of transceivers in the second sub-group. The spatial separation is most preferably at least enough so that a signal received by the first sub-group and a signal received' by the second sub-group, from one transmission of the at least one mobile transceivers, are distinguishable.
  • the signals are typically distinguishable in terms of amplitude, or phase, or time of arrival, or a combination of these or other signal parameters.
  • the slave units of one of the pluralities can function as diversity receivers with respect to the slave units of the other sub-group, which function as main receivers.
  • RF signals received by the slave units from the at least one mobile transceivers are down-converted to intermediate frequency (IF) signals, which are then transferred from the region by one or more cables.
  • IF signals from each sub-group of slave units are transferred to a master unit, which up-converts the IF signals in order to recover information contained in the corresponding RF signals.
  • a time delay is introduced into the IF signals, which time delay is transferred to the corresponding recovered RF signal.
  • the delayed and non-delayed IF signals are combined in a splitter/combiner, and the combined IF signal, comprising main and delayed diversity signals, is up-converted to a combined RF signal.
  • the combined RF signal is transmitted to a base transceiver station (BTS) which demodulates and recovers the information contained in the combined RF signal.
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • the method of the present invention enables an optimal signal to be recovered from main and diversity signals generated within an enclosed region and received by spatially independent transceivers.
  • IF signals are transferred to the first and second sub-groups of slave units, and a delay is added to the IF signal transferred to one of the sub-groups.
  • the IF signals are up-converted to RF signals in the slave units, and the RF signals, comprising delayed and non-delayed RF signals, are radiated from the units.
  • Each of the one or more mobile transceivers receive both signals. Because of the time delay introduced into one of the signals, each of the mobile transceivers receives both signals as a composite signal comprising information contained in the first signal and in the second delayed signal. Most preferably, the information is demodulated and recovered by each of the mobile transceivers, wherein it is used in a separate or a combined form,, so resulting in an overall improvement in signal reception.
  • the RF signals are direct spread spectrum modulated signals, wherein each signal comprises a plurality of chips.
  • each signal comprises a plurality of chips.
  • CDMA compact disc-read only memory
  • non-CDMA systems such as GSM systems comprising equalizers which are capable of tolerating certain signal delays.
  • a method for wireless communication including: positioning a first plurality of slave transceivers within a region generally closed off to electromagnetic radiation from sources external to the region; positioning a second plurality of slave transceivers within the region in positions spatially separated from and spatially independent of the positions of the first plurality of slave transceiver; receiving at the first plurality and at the second plurality a radio frequency (RF) signal generated within the region and generating respective first and second slave signals responsive thereto; delaying the second slave signal; conveying the first and delayed second slave signals to one or more base transceiver stations (BTSs) outside the region; and jointly processing the first and second slave signals conveyed to the one or more BTSs so as to recover information contained in the RF signal generated within the region.
  • RF radio frequency
  • conveying the first and second slave signals includes recovering a master RF signal from the first slave signal and recovering a diversity RF signal from the second slave signal, and jointly processing the first and second slave signals includes recovering an optimal RF signal from the recovered master RF signal and the recovered diversity RF signal.
  • positioning the second plurality of slave transceivers includes positioning at least one of the second plurality of slave transceivers at a distance sufficiently separated from the first plurality of slave transceivers so that the RF signal received by the second plurality of slave transceivers is distinguishable from the RF signal received by the first plurality of slave transceivers.
  • delaying the second slave signal includes applying a single time delay to the second slave signal.
  • apparatus for wireless communication including: a first plurality of slave transceivers and a second plurality of slave transceivers, which first and second pluralities are spatially separated from and spatially independent of one another within a region generally closed off to electromagnetic radiation, and which first and second pluralities receive a radio frequency (RF) signal generated within the region and generate respective first and second slave signals responsive to the RF signal; a delay generator, coupled to delay the second slave signal relative to the first slave signal; and a master unit, which receives and converts the first signal and the delayed second slave signal and conveys the respective first and second converted signals to one or more base transceiver stations (BTSs) outside the region, such that information contained in the RF signal is recovered by jointly processing the first and second converted signals received by the BTSs.
  • BTSs base transceiver stations
  • At least one of the first plurality of slave transceivers is sufficiently spatially separated from the second plurality of slave transceivers so that the RF signal received by the second plurality of slave transceivers is distinguishable from the RF signal received by the first plurality of slave transceivers.
  • the delay generator delays the second slave signal by applying a single time delay.
  • a method for wireless communication within a region generally closed off to electromagnetic radiation from sources external to the region including: receiving at a master transceiver unit a radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted from outside the region and generating first and second master signals responsive thereto; positioning a first plurality of slave transceivers within the region; positioning a second plurality of slave transceivers within the region in positions spatially separated from the positions of the first plurality of slave transceivers; conveying the first master signal to the first plurality of slave transceivers and generating a first slave signal responsive thereto; delaying the second master signal; conveying the delayed second master signal to the second plurality of slave transceivers and generating a second slave signal responsive thereto; conveying the first and second slave signals to a mobile transceiver unit within the region; and jointly processing the first and second slave signals conveyed to the mobile transceiver so as to recover information contained in the RF signal therein.
  • RF radio frequency
  • positioning the second plurality of slave transceivers includes placing the second plurality of slave transceivers in positions that are spatially independent of the positions of the first plurality of slave transceivers.
  • apparatus for wireless communication including: a master unit, which receives a radio frequency (RF) signal generated outside a region generally closed off to electromagnetic radiation, and which converts the RF signal to a first and a second master signal; a delay generator, coupled to delay the second master signal relative to the first master signal; and a first plurality of slave transceivers and a second plurality of slave transceivers, which first and second pluralities are spatially separated from one another within the region, and which first and second pluralities: respectively receive and convert the first and the delayed second master signals to a first and a second converted signal, and respectively convey the first and the second converted signal to a mobile transceiver unit within the region, such that information contained in the RF signal is recovered by jointly processing the first and the second converted signals received by the mobile transceiver unit.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the first and second pluralities of slave transceivers are spatially independent of one another.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an in-building coverage system, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an in-building coverage system 10, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a building 30 is substantially closed off to electromagnetic radiation from a base transceiver station (BTS) 12 external to the building.
  • a mobile transceiver 36 within the building such as an industry-standard mobile telephone, emits a radio frequency (RF) signal of a type which is receivable by BTS 12.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the RF signal emitted by mobile transceiver 36 herein also termed the mobile RF transmitted signal, is a code division multiple access (CDMA) signal operating at an industry-standard chip rate, although the principles of the present invention are also applicable to other coding and transmission schemes.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • a first sub-group of slave transceivers 26, herein also termed main slave transceivers, and a second sub-group of slave transceivers 28, herein also termed diversity slave transceivers, are positioned within building 30.
  • Main slave transceivers 26 are most preferably connected in a star configuration, by one or more active splitter /combiners 39.
  • slave transceivers 26 are connected in a daisy chain or a hybrid star-daisy chain configuration.
  • diversity slave transceivers 28 are most preferably connected in a star configuration, by one or more active splitter/combiners 43.
  • slave transceivers 28 are connected in a daisy chain or a hybrid star-daisy chain configuration.
  • Slave transceivers 26 are separated spatially from slave transceivers 28, but otherwise the slave transceivers are all substantially similar in construction and operation.
  • a detailed description of the operation and construction of suitable slave transceivers is given in a U.S. Patent Application entitled “In-Building Radio Frequency Coverage,” filed 29 October, 1999 , which is assigned to the assignee of the present application and whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
  • main slave transceivers 26 receive the RF signal from mobile transceiver 36 as a main RF signal
  • diversity slave transceivers 28 receive the RF signal from transceiver 36 as a diversity RF signal.
  • main slave transceivers 26 are spatially independent of diversity slave transceivers 28, so that there is no relationship between the positioning of the main slave transceivers and the diversity slave transceivers.
  • Slave transceivers 26 and 28 operate by mixing the received RF signal with a local oscillator signal, thus down-converting the received RF signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, as is known in the art.
  • the IF signals from main slave transceivers 26 are transmitted from building 30, via one of the splitter /combiners 39 and a cable 21, to a combiner 27.
  • the IF signals from diversity slave transceivers 28 are transmitted from building 30, via one of the splitter /combiners 43 and a cable 23.
  • a delay unit 24 most preferably formed from a surface acoustic wave filter acting as a delay generator.
  • delay unit 24 may comprise any standard delay unit which is able to add a single time delay to the IF signals transmitted from diversity slave transceivers 28. Most preferably, the delay added by delay unit 24 is of the order of at least twice the chip period of the modulated RF signal transmitted by transceiver 36.
  • Combiner 27 combines the IF signals from main slave transceivers 26 and the delayed IF signals from diversity slave transceivers 28.
  • the combined IF signals are transferred to an up-converter 29 in a master transceiver unit 22.
  • the combined IF signals are mixed with a local oscillator (LO) signal, generated by a local oscillator 31 most preferably comprised in master unit 22, in order to recover as a combined RF signal the RF signals received by main slave transceivers 26 and diversity slave transceivers 28.
  • LO local oscillator
  • BTS 12 is coupled by a direct cable connection 47 to master unit 22.
  • cable connection 47 comprises a transmit and/or a receive cable coupling BTS 12 to master unit 22 without utilizing duplexer 14.
  • BTS 12 and master unit 22 are coupled by a wireless connection.
  • BTS 12 comprises master unit 22, thereby saving component costs.
  • BTS 12 thus receives a composite signal containing a first component that represents a main signal and a second component that represents a delayed diversity signal. It will be appreciated that information comprised in the composite signal can be demodulated and recovered in an industry- standard CDMA rake receiver.
  • Duplexer 14 also receives a transmitted RF signal from BTS 12, herein also termed the BTS RF transmitted signal, and transfers the signal to a down-converter 33 comprised in master unit 22.
  • Down-converter 33 preferably utilizes the signal from local oscillator 31 to produce an IF transmitted signal.
  • the IF transmitted signal is transferred to a splitter 35, which splitter divides the transmitted IF signal into a first and a second substantially similar IF signal.
  • the first IF signal is transferred to active splitter 39 and then from the splitter to transceivers 26, wherein the BTS RF transmitted signal is recovered by up-conversion.
  • Methods for down- conversion and up-conversion of a transmitted RF signal from a BTS as described hereinabove are known in the art, and a detailed description of one such method is also given in the above-mentioned U.S. Patent Application.
  • the second IF signal is transferred via a cable 41 to active splitter 43.
  • delay unit 45 most preferably implemented as described above for delay unit 24.
  • Delay unit 45 most preferably generates a delay of the same order of magnitude as that generated by delay unit 24.
  • the delayed IF signal is transferred from active splitter 43 to slave transceivers 28, wherein a delayed BTS RF transmitted signal is recovered by up-conversion.
  • Mobile transceiver 36 receives both the recovered BTS RF signal transmitted from transceivers 26 and the recovered delayed BTS RF signal transmitted from transceivers 28.
  • the BTS RF signal and the delayed BTS RF signal are then utilized to derive an optimal RF signal transmitted from BTS 12, using methods known in the art.
  • the RF signal is a CDMA pilot RF signal, generated by the BTS for tracking mobile transceivers
  • mobile transceiver 36 is able to demodulate and recover the pilot signals by identifying strong multipath arrivals with a searcher comprised in the transceiver:
  • optimal signals can be recovered by non-CDMA systems which are able to tolerate delays of the size described hereinabove.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de communication sans fil consistant à positionner une première pluralité de d'émetteurs-récepteurs asservis (26) dans une région généralement fermée aux rayonnements électromagnétiques provenant de sources extérieures à cette région, et à positionner une seconde pluralité d'émetteurs-récepteurs asservis (28) dans cette région, dans des positions spatialement séparées et spatialement indépendantes des positions de la première pluralité d'émetteurs-récepteurs asservis (26). Ce procédé consiste également à recevoir, sur la première pluralité et la seconde pluralité d'émetteurs-récepteurs (26, 28), un signal radiofréquence (RF) généré dans ladite région, à générer un premier signal asservi et un second signal asservi en réponse au signal RF, à retarder le second signal asservi, à transmettre le premier signal asservi et le second signal asservi à une ou plusieurs stations d'émission et de réception situées hors de la région, puis à traiter conjointement le premier signal asservi et le second signal asservi transmis à une ou plusieurs stations d'émission et de réception afin de récupérer les informations contenues dans le signal RF généré dans la région.
EP01928813A 2000-04-25 2001-04-24 Couverture r/f de regions fermees Withdrawn EP1277364A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55772200A 2000-04-25 2000-04-25
US557722 2000-04-25
PCT/US2001/013200 WO2001082642A1 (fr) 2000-04-25 2001-04-24 Couverture r/f de regions fermees

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1277364A1 true EP1277364A1 (fr) 2003-01-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01928813A Withdrawn EP1277364A1 (fr) 2000-04-25 2001-04-24 Couverture r/f de regions fermees

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1277364A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003531554A (fr)
KR (1) KR20020093947A (fr)
CN (1) CN1426664A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001255629A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2406273A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1054649A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL152386A0 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02010543A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001082642A1 (fr)

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US7599711B2 (en) * 2006-04-12 2009-10-06 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Systems and methods for analog transport of RF voice/data communications
CN101203015B (zh) * 2006-12-14 2011-01-26 亿阳信通股份有限公司 基站无线场强覆盖区域范围确定方法和装置
US8676214B2 (en) 2009-02-12 2014-03-18 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Backfire distributed antenna system (DAS) with delayed transport
US8472579B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2013-06-25 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Distributed digital reference clock
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US8693342B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2014-04-08 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Distributed antenna system using time division duplexing scheme
CN103580708B (zh) * 2012-07-30 2016-01-27 京信通信系统（广州）有限公司 一种收发信机装置、阵列天线装置及室内和室外覆盖系统
KR102228617B1 (ko) 2013-02-22 2021-03-15 콤스코프 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 범용 원격 라디오 헤드
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US10499269B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2019-12-03 Commscope Technologies Llc Systems and methods for assigning controlled nodes to channel interfaces of a controller

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001082642A1 (fr) 2001-11-01
KR20020093947A (ko) 2002-12-16
IL152386A0 (en) 2003-05-29
MXPA02010543A (es) 2003-05-14
JP2003531554A (ja) 2003-10-21
CA2406273A1 (fr) 2001-11-01
CN1426664A (zh) 2003-06-25
AU2001255629A1 (en) 2001-11-07
HK1054649A1 (zh) 2003-12-05

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