EP1272689A1 - Non-stick ceramo-metallic coating for cooking utensils - Google Patents

Non-stick ceramo-metallic coating for cooking utensils

Info

Publication number
EP1272689A1
EP1272689A1 EP01917204A EP01917204A EP1272689A1 EP 1272689 A1 EP1272689 A1 EP 1272689A1 EP 01917204 A EP01917204 A EP 01917204A EP 01917204 A EP01917204 A EP 01917204A EP 1272689 A1 EP1272689 A1 EP 1272689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
titanium
ceramic
metallic
coating according
stick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01917204A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernard Hansz
Christophe Malavolta
Emmanuel Brugger
Paul Dodane
Christian Coddet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DJA Dodane Jean et Associes DJA Cristel SA
Original Assignee
DJA Dodane Jean et Associes DJA Cristel SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DJA Dodane Jean et Associes DJA Cristel SA filed Critical DJA Dodane Jean et Associes DJA Cristel SA
Publication of EP1272689A1 publication Critical patent/EP1272689A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C23C4/11—Oxides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-stick coating for cooking utensils, in particular stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, cast iron, or steel.
  • Non-stick coatings based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been known in this field for a long time. Such coatings are subject to easy scratches, premature wear and rapid deterioration under heat.
  • Various means have been proposed for improving the quality of these coatings, in particular their resistance to abrasion by the addition of fibers or oxides, and their adhesion to the support by suitable bonding sublayers.
  • document FR 2 768 158 has described a complex multilayer coating, the sub-layers of which must allow the targeted improvement; but the fact remains that the non-stick layer itself is constituted by the upper layer of PTFE, which can be subjected to the high temperatures to which cooking utensils such as frying pans are subjected during cooking, hot decomposition.
  • Coatings based on mixed resins or silicone resins have also been developed in order to avoid the use of PTFE, but these techniques have encountered the same limitations.
  • Non-stick coatings based on quasi-crystals are also known.
  • the quasi-crystals are insulating in the thermal field of cooking which makes it difficult to obtain satisfactory cooking from the point of view of the consumer (inability to grasp meats, etc.).
  • Ceramics have already been used for culinary purposes, either massive like glass or ceramic known under various brands (Arcopal®, Vision®, etc.) or as a coating (in particular titanium oxide or nitride, such as known from FR 2 608 592 or EP 0 489 914). In the first case, the anti-adhesion qualities were not satisfactory, and in the second case, there were cracks in the coating, or the coating required a coating of PTFE.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new type of non-stick coating for cooking utensils, which does not have these drawbacks, which is safe for the consumer and allows good cooking to be achieved from a taste point of view.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a coating directly in food contact, characterized in that it is chosen from the group comprising ceramic-metallic mixtures in which the ceramics are chosen from titanium oxynitrides, titanium sub-oxides (TiO x where x is between 1.6 and 1.8), titanium sub-nitrides (Ti x N where x is between 1 and 2), spinels or mixed spinels (for example MgA ⁇ O Z11AI2O4 , MgCr2 ⁇ 4, MgFe2 ⁇ _ ⁇ , C0AI2O4), cerium fluoride, silicon carbide (SiC), pyrolitic carbon or boron carbide (B4C) and the metal is titanium.
  • the ceramics are chosen from titanium oxynitrides, titanium sub-oxides (TiO x where 1.6 and 1.8), titanium sub-nitrides (Ti x N where x is between 1 and 2), spinels or mixed spinels (for example MgA ⁇ O Z11AI2O
  • Titanium suboxides are known for example from documents US 5,733,489, EP 0 739 325 or JP 5 009 028 which describe a manufacturing process.
  • Ceramic-metallic mixtures are known in themselves and reference may be made to documents EP 0 810 982, WO 9626167, EP 0 789 007, WO 9821379 and above all WO 9828467 which describe numerous metalloceramic compounds and methods coating based on these compounds. However, it was not known by these documents to use these materials to produce a non-stick cooking coating.
  • Titanium-based metal-ceramic mixtures are preferred in the invention because they optionally give rise during the deposition phase to titanium oxides or sub-oxides or nitrides or sub-nitrides which have the advantage of being safe for food and to be very stable. Compounds of this nature show good wettability, regardless of the composition. The hardness is greater than 900 Vickers, which guarantees the absence of scratches by the cutlery (the hardness of a knife is around 500 Vickers).
  • the mixture Preferably, there is an amount of titanium in the mixture between 20% and 80%.
  • the thickness of the spinel phase is of the order of 20 to 80 ⁇ m.
  • the implementation is preferably done dry.
  • a porosity with pores less than 10 ⁇ m ⁇ is preferred, and a roughness characterized by undulations forming peaks separated by at least 60 ⁇ m and with slopes of the order of 120 ° to 180 ° relative to a horizontal line average.
  • the size of the titanium grains is preferably less than 60 ⁇ m and that of the ceramic grains is less than 30 ⁇ m.
  • a lenticular structure is sought.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view with a detail A in enlarged section of a culinary utensil incorporating the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a frying pan 1 with a triple bottom 2 intended for distributing the heat over the entire cooking surface and the upper surface 3 of the bottom 2, surface in contact with the food to be cooked, consists of a coating layer 4 according to the invention, such as a ceramic-metallic mixture.
  • the metallic phase 5 promotes constant heat transfer, while the ceramic phase 6 provides the necessary hardness and non-stick qualities.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a greatly enlarged section of the surface 3 of the coating layer of the invention. It is formed of peaks 7 separated by valleys 8. The distance d between the peaks is less than 60 ⁇ m and the slopes of the undulations form with an average horizontal line 9 an angle ⁇ of between 120 and 180 °.
  • the invention has been successfully applied using a mixture of silicon carbide (SiC) and titanium oxide (Ti )2) obtained from the following starting materials: SiC with a particle size between 1 and 20 ⁇ m and titanium oxide being an anatase or rutile with a particle size between 1 and 5 ⁇ m. Powder grains ranging from 20 to 120 ⁇ m are obtained by agglomeration. The SiC concentration can vary from 10 to 60%. The projection of this mixture gives a non-stick layer.
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • Ti titanium oxide

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Frying-Pans Or Fryers (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a non-stick coating (4) for cooking utensils (1) characterised in that it is selected among the group comprising (a) ceramics alone selected among titanium oxynitrides, titanium suboxides, titanium subnitrides, spinels, mixed spinels; and (b) ceramo-metallic mixtures wherein the ceramics are selected among titanium oxynitrides, titanium suboxides, titanium subnitrides, spinels, cerium fluoride, silicon carbide, pyrolitic carbon, boron carbide, and the metal is titanium.

Description

Revêtement anti-adhérent céramo-métallique pour ustensiles culinaires Ceramic-metallic non-stick coating for cooking utensils
La présente invention concerne un revêtement anti-adhérent pour ustensiles culinaires de cuisson, notamment en acier inoxydable, en aluminium, en alliage d'aluminium, en fonte, ou en acier.The present invention relates to a non-stick coating for cooking utensils, in particular stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, cast iron, or steel.
On connaît depuis longtemps dans ce domaine des revêtements anti- adhérents à base de polytétrafluoréthylène (PTFE). De tels revêtements sont sujets à des rayures faciles, à une usure prématurée et à une détérioration rapide à la chaleur. On a proposé divers moyens d'améliorer la qualité de ces revêtements, notamment leur résistance à l'abrasion par des ajouts de fibres ou d'oxydes, et leur adhérence au support par des sous-couches d'accrochage adaptées. Par exemple, le document FR 2 768 158 a décrit un revêtement multicouche complexe dont les sous- couches doivent permettre l'amélioration visée ; mais il reste que la couche anti-adhérente elle-même est constituée par la couche supérieure de PTFE, lequel peut subir aux températures élevées auxquelles sont soumis les ustensiles culinaires tels que les poêles pendant la cuisson, une décomposition à chaud.Non-stick coatings based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been known in this field for a long time. Such coatings are subject to easy scratches, premature wear and rapid deterioration under heat. Various means have been proposed for improving the quality of these coatings, in particular their resistance to abrasion by the addition of fibers or oxides, and their adhesion to the support by suitable bonding sublayers. For example, document FR 2 768 158 has described a complex multilayer coating, the sub-layers of which must allow the targeted improvement; but the fact remains that the non-stick layer itself is constituted by the upper layer of PTFE, which can be subjected to the high temperatures to which cooking utensils such as frying pans are subjected during cooking, hot decomposition.
On a aussi développé des revêtements à base de résines mixtes ou de résines silicones, dans le but d'éviter l'utilisation du PTFE, mais ces techniques ont rencontré les mêmes limitations. On connaît aussi des revêtements anti-adhérents à base de quasi- cristaux. Malheureusement, les quasi-cristaux sont isolants dans le domaine thermique des cuissons ce qui fait qu'il est difficile d'obtenir une cuisson satisfaisante du point de vue du consommateur (impossibilité de saisir les viandes, etc). On a déjà utilisé à des fins culinaires des céramiques, soit massives comme le verre ou la céramique connue sous diverses marques (Arcopal®, Vision®, ...) ou en revêtement (notamment de l'oxyde ou du nitrure de titane, comme connu par FR 2 608 592 ou EP 0 489 914). Dans le premier cas, les qualités d' anti-adhérence n'étaient pas satisfaisantes, et dans le second cas, on constatait des fissurations du revêtement, ou le revêtement nécessitait une enduction de PTFE.Coatings based on mixed resins or silicone resins have also been developed in order to avoid the use of PTFE, but these techniques have encountered the same limitations. Non-stick coatings based on quasi-crystals are also known. Unfortunately, the quasi-crystals are insulating in the thermal field of cooking which makes it difficult to obtain satisfactory cooking from the point of view of the consumer (inability to grasp meats, etc.). Ceramics have already been used for culinary purposes, either massive like glass or ceramic known under various brands (Arcopal®, Vision®, etc.) or as a coating (in particular titanium oxide or nitride, such as known from FR 2 608 592 or EP 0 489 914). In the first case, the anti-adhesion qualities were not satisfactory, and in the second case, there were cracks in the coating, or the coating required a coating of PTFE.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un nouveau type de revêtement anti-adhérent pour ustensiles culinaires, qui ne présente pas ces inconvénients, qui soit sans danger pour le consommateur et permette de réaliser une bonne cuisson d'un point de vue gustatif.The object of the invention is to propose a new type of non-stick coating for cooking utensils, which does not have these drawbacks, which is safe for the consumer and allows good cooking to be achieved from a taste point of view.
Le but de l'invention est atteint par un revêtement directement en contact alimentaire caractérisé en ce qu'il est choisi dans le groupe comportant les mélanges céramo-métalliques dans lesquels les céramiques sont choisies parmi les oxynitrures de titane, les sous-oxydes de titane (TiOx où x est compris entre 1,6 et 1,8), les sous-nitrures de titane (TixN où x est compris entre 1 et 2), les spinelles ou les spinelles mixtes (par exemple MgA^O Z11AI2O4, MgCr2θ4, MgFe2θ_ι, C0AI2O4), le fluorure de cérium, le carbure de silicium (SiC), le carbone pyrolitique ou le carbure de bore (B4C) et le métal est le titane.The object of the invention is achieved by a coating directly in food contact, characterized in that it is chosen from the group comprising ceramic-metallic mixtures in which the ceramics are chosen from titanium oxynitrides, titanium sub-oxides (TiO x where x is between 1.6 and 1.8), titanium sub-nitrides (Ti x N where x is between 1 and 2), spinels or mixed spinels (for example MgA ^ O Z11AI2O4 , MgCr2θ4, MgFe2θ_ι, C0AI2O4), cerium fluoride, silicon carbide (SiC), pyrolitic carbon or boron carbide (B4C) and the metal is titanium.
Les sous-oxydes de titane sont connus par exemple par les documents US 5 733 489, EP 0 739 325 ou JP 5 009 028 qui décrivent un procédé de fabrication. Les mélanges céramo-métalliques sont connus en eux-mêmes et l'on pourra se reporter aux documents EP 0 810 982, WO 9626167, EP 0 789 007, WO 9821379 et surtout WO 9828467 qui décrivent de nombreux composés métallo-céramiques et des procédés de revêtement à base de ces composés. Toutefois, il n'était pas connu par ces documents d'utiliser ces matériaux pour réaliser un revêtement anti-adhérent culinaire. Les mélanges céramo-métalliques à base de titane sont préférés dans l'invention car ils donnent éventuellement lors de la phase de dépôt naissance à des oxydes ou sous-oxydes ou des nitrures ou sous-nitrures de titane qui présentent l'avantage d'être sans danger pour l'alimentation et d'être très stables. Des composés de cette nature montrent une bonne mouillabilité, quelle que soit la composition. La dureté est supérieure à 900 Vickers, ce qui garantit l'absence de rayures par les couverts (la dureté d'un couteau est de l'ordre de 500 Vickers).Titanium suboxides are known for example from documents US 5,733,489, EP 0 739 325 or JP 5 009 028 which describe a manufacturing process. Ceramic-metallic mixtures are known in themselves and reference may be made to documents EP 0 810 982, WO 9626167, EP 0 789 007, WO 9821379 and above all WO 9828467 which describe numerous metalloceramic compounds and methods coating based on these compounds. However, it was not known by these documents to use these materials to produce a non-stick cooking coating. Titanium-based metal-ceramic mixtures are preferred in the invention because they optionally give rise during the deposition phase to titanium oxides or sub-oxides or nitrides or sub-nitrides which have the advantage of being safe for food and to be very stable. Compounds of this nature show good wettability, regardless of the composition. The hardness is greater than 900 Vickers, which guarantees the absence of scratches by the cutlery (the hardness of a knife is around 500 Vickers).
De préférence, le titane est en quantité dans le mélange entre 20 % et 80 %. L'épaisseur de la phase spinelle est de l'ordre de 20 à 80 μm.Preferably, there is an amount of titanium in the mixture between 20% and 80%. The thickness of the spinel phase is of the order of 20 to 80 μm.
La mise en œuvre se fait de préférence par voie sèche. On préfère une porosité avec des pores inférieurs à 10 μm^, et une rugosité caractérisée par des ondulations formant des pics séparés d'au moins 60 μm et avec des pentes de l'ordre de 120° à 180° par rapport à une ligne horizontale moyenne.The implementation is preferably done dry. A porosity with pores less than 10 μm ^ is preferred, and a roughness characterized by undulations forming peaks separated by at least 60 μm and with slopes of the order of 120 ° to 180 ° relative to a horizontal line average.
Dans le mélange céramo-métallique, la division est nécessaire : la taille des grains de titane, est de préférence inférieure à 60 μm et celle des grains de céramique est inférieure à 30 μm. On recherche de préférence une structure lenticulaire.In the ceramic-metallic mixture, division is necessary: the size of the titanium grains is preferably less than 60 μm and that of the ceramic grains is less than 30 μm. Preferably, a lenticular structure is sought.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante de l'invention, se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :Other advantages and characteristics will appear more clearly on reading the following description of the invention, referring to the appended drawings in which:
- La figure 1 est en vue schématique avec un détail A en coupe grossie d'un ustensile culinaire incorporant l'invention.- Figure 1 is a schematic view with a detail A in enlarged section of a culinary utensil incorporating the invention.
- La figure 2 illustre l'état de rugosité de la surface du revêtement de l'invention ;- Figure 2 illustrates the roughness of the surface of the coating of the invention;
La figure 1 illustre une poêle 1 à triple fond 2 destiné à répartir la chaleur sur toute la surface de cuisson et dont la surface supérieure 3 du fond 2, surface en contact avec les aliments à cuire, est constituée d'une couche 4 de revêtement conforme à l'invention, telle qu'un mélange céramo-métallique. La phase métallique 5 favorise le transfert de chaleur constant, tandis que la phase céramique 6 apporte les qualités de dureté et d'anti- adhérence nécessaires. La figure 2 représente schématiquement une coupe très agrandie de la surface 3 de la couche de revêtement de l'invention. Il est formé des pics 7 séparés par des vallées 8. La distance d entre les pics est inférieure à 60 μm et les pentes des ondulations forment avec une ligne horizontale moyenne 9 un angle α compris entre 120 et 180°. A titre d'exemple, on a appliqué avec succès l'invention en utilisant un mélange de carbure de silicium (SiC) et d'oxyde de titane (Tiθ2) issus des matériaux de départ suivants : SiC de granulométrie comprise entre 1 et 20 μm et oxyde de titane étant une anatase ou un rutile d'une granulométrie comprise entre 1 et 5 μm. On obtient par agglomération des grains de poudre allant de 20 à 120 μm. La concentration en SiC peut varier de 10 à 60 %. La projection de ce mélange donne une couche antiadhérente. FIG. 1 illustrates a frying pan 1 with a triple bottom 2 intended for distributing the heat over the entire cooking surface and the upper surface 3 of the bottom 2, surface in contact with the food to be cooked, consists of a coating layer 4 according to the invention, such as a ceramic-metallic mixture. The metallic phase 5 promotes constant heat transfer, while the ceramic phase 6 provides the necessary hardness and non-stick qualities. FIG. 2 schematically represents a greatly enlarged section of the surface 3 of the coating layer of the invention. It is formed of peaks 7 separated by valleys 8. The distance d between the peaks is less than 60 μm and the slopes of the undulations form with an average horizontal line 9 an angle α of between 120 and 180 °. By way of example, the invention has been successfully applied using a mixture of silicon carbide (SiC) and titanium oxide (Ti )2) obtained from the following starting materials: SiC with a particle size between 1 and 20 μm and titanium oxide being an anatase or rutile with a particle size between 1 and 5 μm. Powder grains ranging from 20 to 120 μm are obtained by agglomeration. The SiC concentration can vary from 10 to 60%. The projection of this mixture gives a non-stick layer.

Claims

REVENDICA TIONS REVENDICA TIONS
1. Revêtement anti-adhérent (4) pour ustensiles culinaires de cuisson (1), caractérisé en ce qu'il est choisi dans le groupe comportant les mélanges céramo-métalliques dans lesquels les céramiques sont choisies parmi les oxynitrures de titane, les sous-oxydes de titane, les sous-nitrures de titane, les spinelles, les spinelles mixtes, le fluorure de cérium, le carbure de silicium, le carbone pyrolitique, le carbure de bore, et le métal est le titane.1. Non-stick coating (4) for culinary cooking utensils (1), characterized in that it is chosen from the group comprising ceramic-metallic mixtures in which the ceramics are chosen from titanium oxynitrides, the sub- titanium oxides, titanium sub-nitrides, spinels, mixed spinels, cerium fluoride, silicon carbide, pyrolitic carbon, boron carbide, and the metal is titanium.
2. Revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il utilise des mélanges céramo-métalliques à base de titane.2. Coating according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses ceramic-metallic mixtures based on titanium.
3. Revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le mélange céramo-métallique, le métal est, dans le mélange, en quantité comprise entre 20 % et 80 %.3. Coating according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the ceramic-metallic mixture, the metal is, in the mixture, in an amount between 20% and 80%.
4. Revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que dans le mélange céramo-métallique, la taille des grains métalliques est de préférence inférieure à 60 μm et celle des grains de céramique est inférieure à 30 μm.4. Coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the ceramic-metallic mixture, the size of the metallic grains is preferably less than 60 μm and that of the ceramic grains is less than 30 μm.
5. Revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la dureté est supérieure à 900 Vickers.5. Coating according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hardness is greater than 900 Vickers.
6. Revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente des pores inférieurs à 10 μm^.6. Coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has pores less than 10 μm ^.
7. Revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente en surface des ondulations formant des pics séparés d'au moins 60 μm et avec des pentes de l'ordre de 120° à 180° par rapport à une ligne horizontale moyenne. 7. Coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has on the surface undulations forming separate peaks of at least 60 μm and with slopes of the order of 120 ° to 180 ° by relative to an average horizontal line.
EP01917204A 2000-03-28 2001-03-21 Non-stick ceramo-metallic coating for cooking utensils Withdrawn EP1272689A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0003909 2000-03-28
FR0003909A FR2807071B1 (en) 2000-03-28 2000-03-28 CERAMO-METALLIC ANTI-ADHESIVE COATING FOR CULINARY UTENSILS
PCT/FR2001/000849 WO2001073164A1 (en) 2000-03-28 2001-03-21 Non-stick ceramo-metallic coating for cooking utensils

Publications (1)

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FR2807071B1 (en) 2002-11-15
US20030047029A1 (en) 2003-03-13
AU2001244291B2 (en) 2004-07-08
WO2001073164A1 (en) 2001-10-04
US6699303B2 (en) 2004-03-02
AU4429101A (en) 2001-10-08
JP2003528984A (en) 2003-09-30
CA2403656A1 (en) 2001-10-04
KR20020089369A (en) 2002-11-29
FR2807071A1 (en) 2001-10-05
CN1418262A (en) 2003-05-14

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