EP1268986B1 - Valve rotating device - Google Patents
Valve rotating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1268986B1 EP1268986B1 EP01927826A EP01927826A EP1268986B1 EP 1268986 B1 EP1268986 B1 EP 1268986B1 EP 01927826 A EP01927826 A EP 01927826A EP 01927826 A EP01927826 A EP 01927826A EP 1268986 B1 EP1268986 B1 EP 1268986B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- cover
- valve
- balls
- spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/32—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear
Definitions
- the invention relates to a valve rotating device according to the Preamble of claim 1.
- valve seat and the valve stem are subject to one heavy wear.
- To ensure an even thermal load and achieving wear and tear is usually one Valve rotating device provided.
- the rotation also provides for cleaning the valve seat from oil carbon.
- a generic valve turning device is from the US-PS 2,624,323.
- a plate spring is spaced apart Balls arranged, which generate the twisting movement.
- Around Frictional forces between the axial spring device and one To reduce the lid is a three-point support with inserted Balls are provided on one side of the disc spring.
- valve rotators such as the one shown in FIG from DE-AS 1 293 789, US Pat. No. 2,827,886, DE-OS 27 57 455 or DE-OS 30 04 320 are known, is the lid, which at the same time the lower valve spring plate is over a disc-shaped plate spring rotatably mounted, which rests directly on the balls of the base body.
- the balls are moved by the tangential springs held at the top point of the inclined ball track.
- the disc spring presses on the balls and these roll to the lowest point of the inclined ball track in the body. They turn the disc spring and press the tangential springs together.
- the rotary movement of the disc spring is controlled by the cover Valve spring, the upper spring plate and the clamping pieces transfer the valve. If the valve closes, the plate spring relieved. The balls are from the tangential springs pushed back into the starting position without rolling.
- the invention has for its object to provide a valve rotating device which is simple. Has structure and a good twisting function and at the same time is particularly low-wear.
- a basic idea of the invention is the principle of rotation as well as the necessary force introduction and To consistently separate the power transmission principle. If the valve rotating device initiating a Compressed valve spring force takes the axial spring device the essential forces. Through the power transmission package Pivot bearing / axial spring / cover is the upper part of the valve rotating device under the Valve spring force non-positively connected. The The outer surface of the lid is now twisted at a vertical one Movement - reducing the distance between the lid and Base body - the base body over the rolling bearing. This Rotation takes place relative to the cover via friction locking between the components cover - balls - base.
- these elements are separated from one another separated - enlargement of the vertical distance -, whereby the balls due to the spring force of the tangential springs return to their starting position. This can be another Rotation of the main body initiated at the next stroke become.
- the rolling bearing reduces friction and Wear. Due to the external arrangement of the balls generate their rolling forces in the circumferential direction due to the a relatively large distance from the axis of rotation Torque, which improves the twist.
- the lid relative to the Base body supported by the roller bearing around the axis of rotation and is led.
- the twisting movement generated thereby becomes the basic body guided only radially by the needle bearing.
- the axial needle bearing has tapered races or side heels on the two races, between which the cylindrical needle-shaped rolling elements arranged with their cage are.
- the ball diameter be cut in half so that the ball diameter is between 3 mm and 10 mm.
- the axial spring device at least one Disc spring, preferably a disc spring package.
- Disc springs are a particularly cost-effective option represents axially pushing the cover and the base body apart. Leave when using a plate spring assembly the desired axial forces are inexpensive and at the same time adjust with high accuracy.
- the pivot bearing which is on an axial side of the axial spring device is arranged, either on the lid or lie on the base body, the latter being the preferred embodiment is.
- the pivot bearing can be a simple sliding surface. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that the pivot bearing is a needle bearing. at this rolling bearing variant becomes one in a small space particularly low-friction twist between the one hand Support non-positively on the base body Disc spring and on the other hand reached the lid.
- Overpressing the valve rotating device is according to the invention thereby preventing the balls from hitting the bottom Point of the ball track completely included in the ball pocket are and that the main body in this position rests on the cover as far as it will go.
- the cover opens, so to speak, in the axial travel path Block so that the power flow from the lid directly into the Basic body is directed.
- An overuse of the Balls or the axial spring device is excluded which is also positive for the service life of the Valve turning device affects.
- the base body is fixed to the cylinder head connected while the cover acts as a lower valve spring retainer serves and rotatably connected to this.
- the cover can also an inverted arrangement of the valve rotating device according to the invention or a so-called overhead arrangement done, in which the cover the upper valve spring plate forms.
- one according to the invention comprises Valve rotating device 10 an annular base body 12, which has a center opening with a conical seat 34 for receiving a valve stem.
- a needle bearing is arranged as a roller bearing 24.
- On a circumferential shoulder axially projecting from the rolling bearing 24 are three ball pockets evenly distributed around the circumference 14 stamped, in each of which a ball 16 is provided is.
- a ball pocket base is like an inclined ball track 18 formed on which the ball 16 by means of a tangential spring 20 at a top dead center in one Is held at rest.
- a single plate spring 32 On the roller bearing 24 is a single plate spring 32 as an axial spring device 30 is arranged.
- the axial spring device 30 is non-positively supported on a disc-shaped Cover 22, which rests on the balls 16.
- the axial position of the cover 22 relative to the base body 12 is defined by a snap ring 26, wherein the cover 22 is rotatable relative to the base body 12 and also towards the base body 12 to a certain extent Circumference is axially displaceable. Only in this In idle state there is static friction via the snap ring 26 between the cover 22 and the base body 12. During the axial displacement and simultaneous twisting there is a tour and thus a defined change of position exclusively via the rolling bearing 24. This prevents additional friction wear.
- valve rotating device 10 To open a cylinder head valve, not shown, is a Valve spring compressed, which has an axial force exercises the lid 22.
- the lid 22 is axially to the Base body 12 moved, the balls 16 against the Spring action of the tangential springs 20 in the ball pockets 14 be pushed in. While the balls 16 are in a rest position a defined protrusion from the base body 12, as can be seen from Fig. 3, will 4, the ball 16 when the spring force is applied fully pressed into the ball pocket 14. there the ball 16 rolls on an incline between 8 to 15 degrees provided ball track 18, resulting in a defined rotation of the cover 22 relative to the Base body 12 leads.
- FIG. 5 Another preferred embodiment of an inventive Valve turning device 10 'can be seen in FIG. 5.
- the essential components of this embodiment accordingly those of the valve turning device described above 10, so the correspondingly labeled components are not to be explained further.
- an axial spring device 30 ' a disk spring assembly comprising a plurality of disk springs 32 'is provided, through which a defined, high axial force can be set is.
- valve rotating device with a separate arrangement of the balls 16 and the axial spring device 30 compared to conventional devices the balls 16 and the ball raceways 18 are drastically relieved, so that undesirable deformations on these rotating components, the so-called pitting formation, as far as possible be prevented.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ventildrehvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a valve rotating device according to the Preamble of claim 1.
Bei Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere großen Dieselmotoren, unterliegen der Ventilsitz und der Ventilschaft einem starken Verschleiß. Um eine gleichmäßige thermische Belastung und Abnutzung zu erreichen, wird üblicherweise eine Ventildrehvorrichtung vorgesehen. Die Drehung sorgt zusätzlich für eine Reinigung des Ventilsitzes von Ölkohle.In internal combustion engines, especially large diesel engines, the valve seat and the valve stem are subject to one heavy wear. To ensure an even thermal load and achieving wear and tear is usually one Valve rotating device provided. The rotation also provides for cleaning the valve seat from oil carbon.
Eine gattungsgemäße Ventildrehvorrichtung geht aus der US-PS 2,624,323 hervor. Dabei ist eine Tellerfeder beabstandet zu Kugeln angeordnet, welche die Verdrehbewegung erzeugen. Um Reibkräfte zwischen der Axialfedereinrichtung und einem Deckel zu reduzieren, ist eine Dreipunktauflage mit eingelegten Kugeln an einer Seite der Tellerfeder vorgesehen.A generic valve turning device is from the US-PS 2,624,323. A plate spring is spaced apart Balls arranged, which generate the twisting movement. Around Frictional forces between the axial spring device and one To reduce the lid is a three-point support with inserted Balls are provided on one side of the disc spring.
Bei anderen herkömmlichen Ventildrehvorrichtungen, wie sie etwa aus der DE-AS 1 293 789, US-PS 2,827,886, DE-OS 27 57 455 oder DE-OS 30 04 320 bekannt sind, ist der Deckel, welcher gleichzeitig der untere Ventilfederteller ist, über eine scheibenförmige Tellerfeder drehbar gelagert, welche unmittelbar auf den Kugeln des Grundkörpers aufliegt. Bei geschlossenem Ventil werden die Kugeln von den Tangentialfedern an dem oberen Punkt der geneigten Kugellaufbahn gehalten. Wird das Ventil geöffnet, so drückt die Tellerfeder auf die Kugeln und diese rollen bis zum tiefsten Punkt der geneigten Kugellaufbahn im Grundkörper. Dabei drehen sie die Tellerfeder und drücken die Tangentialfedern zusammen. Die Drehbewegung der Tellerfeder wird über den Deckel, die Ventilfeder, den oberen Federteller und die Klemmstücke auf das Ventil übertragen. Schließt das Ventil, wird die Tellerfeder entlastet. Die Kugeln werden von den Tangentialfedern ohne zu rollen wieder in die Ausgangslage zurückgeschoben.In other conventional valve rotators such as the one shown in FIG from DE-AS 1 293 789, US Pat. No. 2,827,886, DE-OS 27 57 455 or DE-OS 30 04 320 are known, is the lid, which at the same time the lower valve spring plate is over a disc-shaped plate spring rotatably mounted, which rests directly on the balls of the base body. at When the valve is closed, the balls are moved by the tangential springs held at the top point of the inclined ball track. If the valve is opened, the disc spring presses on the balls and these roll to the lowest point of the inclined ball track in the body. They turn the disc spring and press the tangential springs together. The rotary movement of the disc spring is controlled by the cover Valve spring, the upper spring plate and the clamping pieces transfer the valve. If the valve closes, the plate spring relieved. The balls are from the tangential springs pushed back into the starting position without rolling.
Bei dieser bekannten Ventildrehvorrichtung wird zwar eine gute Verdrehung erreicht. Allerdings ist die Standzeit dieser bekannten Ventildrehvorrichtung begrenzt. Denn die Krafteinleitung der Ventilfederkraft erfolgt bei der bekannten Ventildrehvorrichtung über die Tellerfeder und die Kugeln in den Grundkörper. Hierbei entsteht sowohl an den Kugeln als auch an den Kugellaufbahnen in den Kugeltaschen ein erheblicher Verschleiß, welcher als Pitting-Bildung bezeichnet wird. Funktionsbedingt tritt weiterhin eine starke Verbiegung, ein Verformen und Verwalken der Tellerfeder auf, insbesondere wenn es bei einer nicht exakten Ventileinstellung zu einem sogenannten Überdrücken kommt.In this known valve rotating device is a good twist achieved. However, the service life is limited this known valve rotating device. Because that Force application of the valve spring force takes place at the known valve rotating device via the plate spring and the balls in the main body. This creates both the balls as well as the ball tracks in the ball pockets considerable wear, which is called pitting referred to as. Functional continues to occur a strong bend, a deformation and warping of the Belleville washer, especially if it is not exact valve setting for a so-called overpressure comes.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Ventildrehvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche einen einfachen. Aufbau und eine gute Verdrehfunktion besitzt und zugleich besonders verschleißarm ist.The invention has for its object to provide a valve rotating device which is simple. Has structure and a good twisting function and at the same time is particularly low-wear.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Ventildrehvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. The object is achieved by a valve rotating device solved with the features of claim 1. Preferred developments of the invention are in the dependent Claims specified.
Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, das Rotationsprinzip sowie das notwendige Krafteinleitungs- und Kraftübertragungsprinzip konsequent voneinander zu trennen. Wird die Ventildrehvorrichtung unter Einleitung einer Ventilfederkraft zusammengedrückt, nimmt die Axialfedereinrichtung die wesentlichen Kräfte auf. Durch das Kraftübertragungspaket Drehlager/Axialfedereinrichtung/Deckel ist der obere Teil der Ventildrehvorrichtung unter der Ventilfederkraft kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden. Die Außenfläche des Deckels verdreht nun bei einer vertikalen Bewegung - Verringerung des Abstandes zwischen Deckel und Grundkörper - den Grundkörper über das Wälzlager. Diese Verdrehung erfolgt relativ zum Deckel über Reibschluss zwischen den Bauelementen Deckel - Kugeln - Grundkörper. Bei einer Entlastung werden diese Elemente voneinander getrennt - Vergrößerung des vertikalen Abstandes -, wobei die Kugeln aufgrund der Federkraft der Tangentialfedern wieder ihre Ausgangslage einnehmen. Dadurch kann eine weitere Drehung des Grundkörpers beim nächsten Hub eingeleitet werden. Das Wälzlager vermindert dabei Reibung und Verschleiß. Durch die außenliegende Anordnung der Kugeln erzeugen deren Abrollkräfte in Umfangsrichtung aufgrund des relativ großen Abstandes zur Drehachse ein hohes Drehmoment, was die Verdrehung verbessert.A basic idea of the invention is the principle of rotation as well as the necessary force introduction and To consistently separate the power transmission principle. If the valve rotating device initiating a Compressed valve spring force takes the axial spring device the essential forces. Through the power transmission package Pivot bearing / axial spring / cover is the upper part of the valve rotating device under the Valve spring force non-positively connected. The The outer surface of the lid is now twisted at a vertical one Movement - reducing the distance between the lid and Base body - the base body over the rolling bearing. This Rotation takes place relative to the cover via friction locking between the components cover - balls - base. In the event of a discharge, these elements are separated from one another separated - enlargement of the vertical distance -, whereby the balls due to the spring force of the tangential springs return to their starting position. This can be another Rotation of the main body initiated at the next stroke become. The rolling bearing reduces friction and Wear. Due to the external arrangement of the balls generate their rolling forces in the circumferential direction due to the a relatively large distance from the axis of rotation Torque, which improves the twist.
Wesentlich ist, dass die Federwirkung und die Verdrehung der Drehvorrichtung entkoppelt sind. Da die Axialfedereinrichtung separat und beabstandet von den Kugeln angeordnet ist, werden die Kugeln und die Kugellaufbahnen kaum noch axial belastet. Die sogenannte Pitting-Bildung an den Kugeln und in den Kugeltaschen und damit der Verschleiß an der Ventildrehvorrichtung ist so weitestgehend eliminiert. Des Weiteren ist auch die Axialfedereinrichtung nicht mehr dem Biege-, Verformungs- und Walkkräften ausgesetzt, welche bei der gattungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung an der bebei der gattungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung an der bekannten Tellerfeder auftreten. Die damit verbundenen Verschleißerscheinungen an der Tellerfeder sind somit bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung grundsätzlich vermieden. Gegenüber der herkömmlichen Ventildrehvorrichtung wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung eine drastische Verbesserung der Standzeit erreicht, was einen enormen wirtschaftlichen Vorteil besonders bei langlebigen Verbrennungsmotoren darstellt. Das Wälzlager weist als Standardbauteil zwei Laufringe auf, zwischen denen Wälzkörper in einem Käfig angeordnet sind.It is essential that the spring action and the twist are decoupled from the rotating device. Because the axial spring device arranged separately and spaced from the balls the balls and the ball races are hardly anymore axially loaded. The so-called pitting education to the Balls and in the ball pockets and thus wear the valve rotating device is largely eliminated. Furthermore, the axial spring device is also no longer exposed to the bending, deformation and flexing forces which in the case of the generic valve turning device the generic valve rotating device on the known Disc spring occur. The associated signs of wear on the disc spring are thus at the Basically avoided valve rotation device according to the invention. Compared to the conventional valve turning device becomes a with the valve rotating device according to the invention drastic improvement in tool life achieves what enormous economic advantage especially with long-lasting Represents internal combustion engines. The roller bearing points as Standard component on two races, between which Rolling elements are arranged in a cage.
Es ist erfindungsgemäß, dass der Deckel relativ zum Grundkörper durch das Wälzlager um die Drehachse gelagert und geführt ist. Beim axialen Verschieben des Deckels relativ zum Grundkörper wird die dabei erzeugte Verdrehbewegung ausschließlich durch das Nadellager radial geführt. Ein Kontakt zwischen Deckel und Grundkörper besteht dabei nicht. Für diese radiale Führung weist das axiale Nadellager konisch angeordnete Laufringe oder seitliche Randabsätze an den beiden Laufringen auf, zwischen denen die zylindrischen nadelförmigen Wälzkörper mit ihrem Kafig angeordnet sind.It is according to the invention that the lid relative to the Base body supported by the roller bearing around the axis of rotation and is led. When the cover is moved axially relatively the twisting movement generated thereby becomes the basic body guided only radially by the needle bearing. On There is contact between the cover and the base body Not. For this radial guidance, the axial needle bearing has tapered races or side heels on the two races, between which the cylindrical needle-shaped rolling elements arranged with their cage are.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, dass drei bis sechs, vorzugsweise vier Kugeltaschen vorgesehen sind, die gleichmäßig entlang des Umfangs des Grundkörpers verteilt sind. Im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Ventildrehvorrichtungen kann gemäß der Erfindung eine deutlich verringerte Anzahl von Kugeln vorgesehen werden, da die einzelnen Kugeln kaum belastet sind. Bei gleichbleibender Kugelanzahl, etwa von acht bis zehn, kann auch der Kugeldurchmesser etwa halbiert werden, so dass der Kugeldurchmesser zwischen 3 mm und 10 mm liegt. According to a development of the invention, it is preferred that three to six, preferably four ball pockets are provided are evenly along the circumference of the body are distributed. Compared to conventional valve turning devices can clearly according to the invention reduced number of balls can be provided since the individual balls are hardly loaded. With the same Number of balls, for example from eight to ten, can also be the ball diameter be cut in half so that the ball diameter is between 3 mm and 10 mm.
Dies bedeutet weniger Aufwand bei der Herstellung des Grundkörpers und den darin angeordneten Kugellaufbahnen.This means less effort in the production of the Base body and the ball races arranged in it.
Während bei der gattungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung die Neigung der Kugellaufbahnen relativ klein ist, ist es nach der Erfindung bevorzugt, dass die Neigung der Kugellaufbahn der Kugeltaschen einheitlich ist und zwischen 6 bis 15 Grad beträgt. Aufgrund der geringen Belastung der einzelnen Kugeln bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung ist die Voraussetzung für eine größere Neigung der Kugellaufbahn geschaffen, wodurch sich die Verdrehbewegung verbessert.While in the generic valve rotating device Inclination of the ball raceways is relatively small, it is after the invention preferred that the inclination of the ball track the ball pockets are uniform and between 6 to 15 degrees is. Due to the low load on the individual balls in the valve rotating device according to the invention the prerequisite for a greater inclination of the ball track created, which improves the twisting movement.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht weiter darin, dass die Axialfedereinrichtung mindestens eine Tellerfeder, vorzugsweise ein Tellerfederpaket umfasst. Tellerfedern stellen eine besonders kostengünstige Möglichkeit dar, den Deckel und den Grundkörper axial auseinanderzudrücken. Bei Verwendung eines Tellerfederpaketes lassen sich die gewünschten Axialkräfte kostengünstig und zugleich mit hoher Genauigkeit einstellen.A preferred embodiment of the invention continues in that the axial spring device at least one Disc spring, preferably a disc spring package. Disc springs are a particularly cost-effective option represents axially pushing the cover and the base body apart. Leave when using a plate spring assembly the desired axial forces are inexpensive and at the same time adjust with high accuracy.
Das Drehlager, welches an einer axialen Seite der Axialfedereinrichtung angeordnet ist, kann entweder am Deckel oder an dem Grundkörper liegen, wobei Letztgenanntes die bevorzugte Ausführungsform ist. Das Drehlager kann eine einfache Gleitfläche sein. Nach der Erfindung ist es jedoch bevorzugt, dass das Drehlager ein Nadellager ist. Bei dieser Wälzlagervariante wird auf kleinem Bauraum eine besonders reibungsarme Verdrehung zwischen der sich einerseits kraftschlüssig auf den Grundkörper abstützenden Tellerfeder und andererseits dem Deckel erreicht. The pivot bearing, which is on an axial side of the axial spring device is arranged, either on the lid or lie on the base body, the latter being the preferred embodiment is. The pivot bearing can be a simple sliding surface. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that the pivot bearing is a needle bearing. at this rolling bearing variant becomes one in a small space particularly low-friction twist between the one hand Support non-positively on the base body Disc spring and on the other hand reached the lid.
Ein Überdrücken der Ventildrehvorrichtung wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch verhindert, dass die Kugeln an dem unteren Punkt der Kugellaufbahn in der Kugeltasche vollständig aufgenommen sind und dass der Grundkörper in dieser Stellung an dem Deckel auf Anschlag anliegt. Bei Erreichen des maximalen axialen Verfahrweges fährt sozusagen der Deckel auf Block, so dass der Kraftfluss vom Deckel direkt in den Grundkörper geleitet wird. Eine Überbeanspruchung der Kugeln oder der Axialfedereinrichtung ist damit ausgeschlossen, was sich ebenfalls positiv auf die Standzeit der Ventildrehvorrichtung auswirkt.Overpressing the valve rotating device is according to the invention thereby preventing the balls from hitting the bottom Point of the ball track completely included in the ball pocket are and that the main body in this position rests on the cover as far as it will go. When the maximum is reached The cover opens, so to speak, in the axial travel path Block so that the power flow from the lid directly into the Basic body is directed. An overuse of the Balls or the axial spring device is excluded which is also positive for the service life of the Valve turning device affects.
Grundsätzlich ist der Grundkörper fest mit dem Zylinderkopf verbunden, während der Deckel als unterer Ventilfederteller dient und drehfest mit dieser verbunden ist. Es kann jedoch auch eine umgekehrte Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung oder eine sogenannte obenliegende Anordnung erfolgen, bei der der Deckel den oberen Ventilfederteller bildet.Basically, the base body is fixed to the cylinder head connected while the cover acts as a lower valve spring retainer serves and rotatably connected to this. However, it can also an inverted arrangement of the valve rotating device according to the invention or a so-called overhead arrangement done, in which the cover the upper valve spring plate forms.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend weiter anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert, welche schematisch in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Querschnittsansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Ventildrehvorrichtung;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf den Grundkörper der Ventildrehvorrichtung von Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- die Detail-Schnittdarstellung des Schnittes A-A von Fig. 1 in Ruhestellung bei geschlossenem Ventil;
- Fig. 4
- die Detail-Schnittansicht gemäß dem Schnitt A-A von Fig. 1 bei Beaufschlagung einer Ventilfederkraft bei geöffnetem Ventil und
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic cross-sectional view through a valve rotating device according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic plan view of the main body of the valve rotating device of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- the detailed sectional view of section AA of Figure 1 in the rest position with the valve closed.
- Fig. 4
- the detailed sectional view according to section AA of FIG. 1 when a valve spring force is applied when the valve is open and
- Fig. 5
- is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the valve rotating device according to the invention.
Gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 umfasst eine erfindungsgemäße
Ventildrehvorrichtung 10 einen ringförmigen Grundkörper 12,
welcher eine Mittenöffnung mit Kegelsitz 34 zur Aufnahme
eines Ventilschaftes aufweist. In seinem radialen Ringbereich
ist als Wälzlager 24 ein Nadellager angeordnet. An
einem dem Wälzlager 24 axial vorstehenden, umlaufenden Absatz
sind gleichmäßig am Umfang verteilt drei Kugeltaschen
14 eingeprägt, in welchem jeweils eine Kugel 16 vorgesehen
ist. Ein Kugeltaschengrund ist als eine geneigte Kugellaufbahn
18 ausgebildet, auf welcher die Kugel 16 mittels
einer Tangentialfeder 20 an einem oberen Totpunkt in einer
Ruhestellung gehalten wird.According to FIGS. 1 and 2, one according to the invention comprises
Auf dem Wälzlager 24 ist eine einzelne Tellerfeder 32 als
eine Axialfedereinrichtung 30 angeordnet. Die Axialfedereinrichtung
30 stützt sich kraftschlüssig auf einem scheibenförmigen
Deckel 22 ab, welcher auf den Kugeln 16 aufliegt.
Die axiale Lage des Deckels 22 gegenüber dem Grundkörper
12 ist durch einen Sprengring 26 definiert, wobei
der Deckel 22 relativ zu dem Grundkörper 12 drehbar und
auch in Richtung auf den Grundkörper 12 zu in einem gewissen
Umfang axial verschiebbar ist. Nur in diesem
Ruhezustand besteht über den Sprengring 26 eine Haftreibung
zwischen dem Deckel 22 und dem Grundkörper 12. Während des
axialen Verschiebens und des gleichzeitigen Verdrehens
erfolgt eine Führung und damit eine definierte Lageänderung
ausschließlich über das Wälzlager 24. Dies verhindert
zusätzlich Reibungsverschleiß. On the
Die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung 10
geht anschaulich aus den Figuren 3 und 4 hervor. Zum Öffnen
eines nicht dargestellten Zylinderkopfventiles wird eine
Ventilfeder zusammengedrückt, welche eine Axialkraft auf
den Deckel 22 ausübt. Der Deckel 22 wird dabei axial zu dem
Grundkörper 12 verschoben, wobei die Kugeln 16 entgegen der
Federwirkung der Tangentialfedern 20 in die Kugeltaschen 14
hineingedrückt werden. Während die Kugeln 16 in einer Ruhestellung
einen definierten Überstand gegenüber dem Grundkörper
12 aufweisen, wie aus Fig. 3 zu ersehen ist, wird
gemäß Fig. 4 bei Beaufschlagung der Federkraft die Kugel 16
vollständig in die Kugeltasche 14 hineingedrückt. Dabei
rollt die Kugel 16 auf einer mit einer Neigung zwischen 8
bis 15 Grad versehenen Kugellaufbahn 18 ab, was zu einer
definierten Verdrehung des Deckels 22 relativ gegenüber dem
Grundkörper 12 führt.The function of the
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung 10 fährt
der Deckel 22 auf Block auf den Grundkörper 12 auf, wie aus
Fig. 4 zu ersehen ist. Hierdurch ist der maximale Verfahrweg
des Deckels 22 begrenzt. Ein sogenanntes Überdrücken
und damit einer Beschädigung der Kugeln 16 oder der Kugellaufbahnen
18 ist damit ausgeschlossen.In the
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Ventildrehvorrichtung 10' ist Fig. 5 zu entnehmen. Die wesentlichen Bestandteile dieser Ausführungsform entsprechend denen der vorbeschriebenen Ventildrehvorrichtung 10, so dass die entsprechend bezeichneten Bauteile nicht weiter erläutert werden. Im Gegensatz zu der vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsform ist als eine Axialfedereinrichtung 30' ein Tellerfederpaket aus mehreren Tellerfedern 32' vorgesehen, durch welche eine definierte, hohe Axialkraft einstellbar ist. Another preferred embodiment of an inventive Valve turning device 10 'can be seen in FIG. 5. The essential components of this embodiment accordingly those of the valve turning device described above 10, so the correspondingly labeled components are not to be explained further. In contrast to the one described above Embodiment is as an axial spring device 30 ' a disk spring assembly comprising a plurality of disk springs 32 'is provided, through which a defined, high axial force can be set is.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ventildrehvorrichtung mit einer
getrennten Anordnung der Kugeln 16 und der Axialfedereinrichtung
30 werden gegenüber den herkömmlichen Vorrichtungen
die Kugeln 16 und die Kugellaufbahnen 18 drastisch entlastet,
so dass unerwünschte Verformungen an diesen Drehbauteilen,
die sogenannte Pitting-Bildung, weitestgehend
verhindert werden.By the valve rotating device according to the invention with a
separate arrangement of the
Claims (7)
- Valve rotator havingcharacterized in thatan annular body (12), in which are provided in the circumferential direction several ball pockets (14) provided with inclined ball races (18) and in each of which is placed a ball (16) and a tangential spring (20), the tangential spring (20) in a rest position holding the ball (16) at an upper point of the inclined ball race (18),an annular cover (22), which is rotatable about a rotation axis and axially displaceable relative to the body (12) andan axial spring device (30), which is positioned between the body (12) and the cover (22) and presses them axially apart in the rest position and if a valve spring tension is applied the body (12) and cover (22) are pressed axially against each other and the balls (16) roll along the ball races (18) to a lower point and there is a clearly defined rotation between the body (12) and the cover (22),the balls (16) being in direct contact with the cover (22) and are spaced from the axial spring device (30) radially to the rotation axis,between the axial spring device (30) on the one hand and the body (12) or cover (22) on the other is provided an antifriction bearing (24), on which is supported one axial side of the axial spring device (30) andin the radial direction the axial spring device (30) is placed on the inside and the balls (16) on the outside and are spaced from one another.
- Valve rotator according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the cover (22) is mounted so as to rotate about the rotation axis and guided relative to the body (12) by the antifriction bearing (24). - Valve rotator according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
three to six and preferably four ball pockets (14) are provided and are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the body (12). - Valve rotator according to one of the claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the inclination of the hall race (18) of the ball pockets (14) is of a uniform nature and is between 6 and 15°. - Valve rotator according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the axial spring device (30) comprises at least one disk spring (32), preferably a disk spring unit. - Valve rotator according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the antifriction bearing (24) is a needle bearing. - Valve rotator according to one of the claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
at the lower point of the ball race (18), the balls (16) are completely received in the ball pocket (14) and that the body (12) in this position engages against the cover (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10015417A DE10015417A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2000-03-28 | Valve turning device for IC engines, esp. Diesel engines has axial spring unit at a distance to balls, and needle bearing on spring unit side |
| DE10015417 | 2000-03-28 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/003545 WO2001073270A1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Valve rotating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1268986A1 EP1268986A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| EP1268986B1 true EP1268986B1 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
Family
ID=7636717
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01927826A Expired - Lifetime EP1268986B1 (en) | 2000-03-28 | 2001-03-28 | Valve rotating device |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6662770B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1268986B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE246310T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001254752A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10015417A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001073270A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7892974B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2011-02-22 | Cree, Inc. | Method of forming vias in silicon carbide and resulting devices and circuits |
| DE10315493B4 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2005-03-17 | Engesser, Michael, Dr. | Valve rotator |
| US7902398B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2011-03-08 | Celanese International Corporation | Method and apparatus for carbonylation with reduced catalyst loss |
| WO2009134680A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Florek Bronislaw B | Improved ball type valve rotator |
| CN101975097B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-10-03 | 章升谊 | Valve rotation mechanism of internal combustion engine |
| US8714184B1 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2014-05-06 | Bronislaw B. Florek | Caged ball and spring valve rotator |
| DE102017126541B3 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-11-22 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Valve turning device for internal combustion engines |
| DE102020111090A1 (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | LID BODY FOR VALVE ROTATING DEVICE, RELATED VALVE ROTATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE LID BODY |
| CN112112702B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-12-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Valve rotating mechanism and engine |
| DE102021122847A1 (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-09 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Valve rotation device and composite component therefor |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2624323A (en) | 1950-07-22 | 1953-01-06 | Thompson Prod Inc | Valve rotating assembly |
| US2775232A (en) | 1953-06-19 | 1956-12-25 | Julius E Witzky | Valve rotator |
| US2855913A (en) | 1954-10-22 | 1958-10-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve rotator |
| US2827886A (en) | 1956-01-19 | 1958-03-25 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve rotator |
| CH476203A (en) * | 1967-07-19 | 1969-07-31 | Sulzer Ag | Valve of a piston internal combustion engine |
| DE1955820B1 (en) * | 1969-11-06 | 1971-08-26 | Teves Thompson Gmbh | Device for rotating a poppet valve for internal combustion engines |
| US4075987A (en) * | 1975-04-23 | 1978-02-28 | Trw Inc. | Valve rotator |
| US4141325A (en) | 1976-12-23 | 1979-02-27 | Trw Inc. | Valve rotator |
| US4227493A (en) * | 1979-02-07 | 1980-10-14 | Trw Inc. | Valve rotator |
| US5148779A (en) * | 1990-05-09 | 1992-09-22 | Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. | Valve rotating apparatus of internal-combustion engine |
-
2000
- 2000-03-28 DE DE10015417A patent/DE10015417A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-03-28 DE DE50100444T patent/DE50100444D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-28 EP EP01927826A patent/EP1268986B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-28 WO PCT/EP2001/003545 patent/WO2001073270A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-03-28 AT AT01927826T patent/ATE246310T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-28 AU AU2001254752A patent/AU2001254752A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 US US10/239,052 patent/US6662770B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030037742A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
| US6662770B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 |
| WO2001073270A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| DE50100444D1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
| ATE246310T1 (en) | 2003-08-15 |
| AU2001254752A1 (en) | 2001-10-08 |
| EP1268986A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
| DE10015417A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 |
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