EP1266823B1 - Sous-marin - Google Patents

Sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1266823B1
EP1266823B1 EP02004155A EP02004155A EP1266823B1 EP 1266823 B1 EP1266823 B1 EP 1266823B1 EP 02004155 A EP02004155 A EP 02004155A EP 02004155 A EP02004155 A EP 02004155A EP 1266823 B1 EP1266823 B1 EP 1266823B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submarine
hydrophones
hull
hydrophone
torpedo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP02004155A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1266823A2 (fr
EP1266823A3 (fr
Inventor
Kai Dr. Wicker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7688342&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1266823(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP1266823A2 publication Critical patent/EP1266823A2/fr
Publication of EP1266823A3 publication Critical patent/EP1266823A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1266823B1 publication Critical patent/EP1266823B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a submarine with a device for detecting sound pulses emitting torpedoes according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the modern, high-speed, actively-located torpedo poses the greatest threat to submarines. This is particularly the case for air-ridden torpedoes shot down by surface ships in a ballistic range or dropped into the water by helicopters or airplanes at short range. For a submarine, it is therefore essential to survive to detect such torpedoes very quickly even at a short distance and to determine the torpedo data, such as bearing and / or distance, to immediately initiate defensive maneuvers and effective use of defense weapons.
  • a well-known submarine of this type (L. Kuhnle "Classification and Identification - CAI - by Submarine Sonar” Naval Forces No VII 1987, page 28) has for this purpose a so-called intercept panoramic sonar (IPS) with an intercept basis, the in addition to the detection and bearing of the sound pulses emitting targets, such as torpedoes, and the sound pulses with respect to their frequency range, their modulation type, the pulse length and pulse repetition rate analyzed to an approaching target classify and identify.
  • the intercept base is located in the bow section of the submarine on the top of the hull and the outer skin.
  • the intercept base has e.g. an outer contour in the form of a barrel or a barrel which is internally provided by star-shaped partitions of rubber-coated sheet metal in e.g. six sectors each with 60 ° opening angle is divided.
  • a plurality of hydrophones are arranged, which are glued in rows and columns in a matrix of rigid polyurethane foam.
  • the individual hydrophones designed for the high-frequency transmission frequency range of torpedo-sons are connected to the signal processing unit by signal lines routed in a centrally arranged, tubular passage.
  • the invention is based on the object at a equipped with a device for torpedo detection submarine, the required reception base cost-effective and so that attacking from large elevation angles Torpedoes detected and the torpedo data can be detected with sufficient accuracy.
  • the submarine according to the invention has the advantage that the required hydrophones for forming a reception base, which is designed for the transmission frequency range of torpedo-sonar, are commercially available and even with integrated amplifiers still have a very small volume.
  • These miniature hydrophones can be mounted anywhere on the surface of the submarine at particularly suitable locations directly on the outer skin.
  • the hydrophones are arranged both in the bow and stern of the boat body as well as in the tower area, so that either a linear or planar reception base can be formed by a suitable selection of spatially favorably placed hydrophones.
  • Unlike known receiving bases while maintaining predetermined distances between the hydrophones or hydrophone groups and a highly accurate alignment is not required.
  • the installation of the hydrophones on the hull and tower is very simple and can be done in a short time.
  • the necessary measurement of the locations of the attached hydrophones is carried out acoustically and can be accomplished with suitable software in a short time.
  • the signal processing unit Due to the specified type of embodiment of the signal processing unit not only an arbitrary distribution of the hydrophones over the surface of the submarine under consideration of technically particularly favorable surface areas is possible, but it is already with Obtaining accurate azimuth and elevation azimuth angles to a two-dimensional array of hydrophones on the curved surface of the submarine. The more hydrophones are used, the more accurate the bearing result. If more hydrophones are involved than degrees of freedom are to be measured, the use of a least squares estimation method is necessary to determine the bearing angles. Distance measurements can be achieved by cross-polling with hydrophones or hydrophone groups that are as far apart as possible, eg at the front and rear of the hull.
  • a number of hydrophones are strung together to form a belt of spaced-apart hydrophones and a plurality of such hydrophone belts are distributed on the surface of the submarine.
  • the computational effort for determining the torpedo data in azimuth and elevation is reduced, in particular when the belt-like juxtaposition of the hydrophones is carried out equidistantly.
  • the vertically oriented closed-loop hydrofoils in the bow and stern sections are selected to obtain the torpedo data in elevation, and the horizontally oriented open hydrofoil belts on the sides of the hull to obtain the torpedo data in azimuth.
  • the invention is illustrated by an illustrated in the drawing Embodiment described in more detail below.
  • the drawing shows a perspective view of a submarine, schematized, in conjunction with a device for the detection of actively locating torpedoes.
  • the submarine schematically illustrated in the drawing has an elongated, cylinder-like hull 10 provided with an access tower 11 and an outer skin 12, at the rear of which a propeller 13 for driving the submarine is arranged. At the rear and side of the entrance tower 11 rudders 14, 15 are arranged.
  • the submarine is equipped with a device for the detection and location of so-called actively located torpedoes, which emit high-frequency sound impulses by means of a so-called torpedo-sonar.
  • the device has a multiplicity of omnidirectionally receiving hydrophones 16 as well as a signal processing unit 17 which determines at least their bearing from the output signals of the hydrophones 16 for obtaining torpedo data.
  • the hydrophones 16 are designed for the typical transmission frequency range of torpedosons and preferably have integrated amplifiers. Such hydrophones 16 are available on the market and are characterized by a quite volumenkleine design.
  • the hydrophones 16 are distributed over the surface of the submarine and attached directly to the outer skin 12 of the submarine structure-sound decoupled.
  • the electrical output signals of the hydrophones 16 are connected to the signal processing unit 17 installed in the interior of the hull 10 by signal lines 18, which are indicated only symbolically here and which pass through the outer skin 12 into the submarine interior. Only the simplified representation is half in the drawing Signal processing unit 17 shown outside of the submarine.
  • hydrophones 16 and their arrangement are shown only schematically.
  • a number of hydrophones 16 are juxtaposed to a belt of spaced-apart hydrophones 16 and multiple such hydrophone belts are distributed on the surface.
  • two closed hydrofoil belts 19 are arranged in the bow region and two closed hydrofoils 19 in the rear region of the hull 10, wherein the hydrophone belts 19 completely circumnavigate the hull 10 transversely to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • an open hydrophone belt 20 is arranged in each case on the control and port side of the hull 10 parallel to the boat's longitudinal axis. Of these two hydrofoil belts 20 only the starboard side hydrophone belt 20 can be seen in the drawing.
  • each hydrophone belt 20 can be arranged so that hydrophones 16 extend from the four closed Hydrofongürteln 19 the hydraulic belt 20 end.
  • Another two open hydrophone belt 21 are arranged on the side walls of the Einieriturms 11 parallel to the boat's longitudinal axis. In the drawing, in turn, only the two arranged on the starboard wall of the insertion tower 11 Hydrofongürtel 21, which are aligned at a parallel distance from each other to see. Between the hydrofoil belts 21 individual hydrophones 16 can still be arranged so that they form a vertical row with selected hydrophones 16 from the hydrofoil belts 21.
  • the ordered, belt-like sequence of the hydrophones 16, preferably with a constant spacing between the hydrophones 16, is only one possible embodiment of the hydroforming of the outer skin 12 of the submarine.
  • the Hydrofonbe Swissung can be made arbitrarily, with those areas of the submarine are selected that are not in the inspection area, so that the hydrophones 16 can not be mechanically damaged.
  • the distances of the hydrophones 16 from each other must be neither periodic nor regular and are also not subject to conditions such. smaller ⁇ / 2, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the received signals.
  • Hydros 16 may also be provided on the face 22 of the bow of the hull 10 so as to provide a total of a linear hydrophone arrangement through the hydrophone belts 20 and 21, a two-dimensional hydrophone arrangement through the hydrophone belts 19 on the cylindrically curved surface of the hull 10 and a hydrophone assembly on the front of the bug are present.
  • the location of the individual hydrophones 16 relative to a boat-fixed coordinate system is acoustically measured, and the location coordinates are stored in the signal processing unit 17.
  • the symbolized in the drawing by a block diagram signal processing unit 17 is designed so that it makes the determination of torpedo data, namely the bearing angle, from the transit time differences between the output signals corresponding to selected hydrophones 16.
  • the bearing angles are determined only in the azimuth, only in elevation or both in the azimuth and in elevation.
  • a signal processing method that uses the bearing in azimuth and elevation from the transit time differences between the The output signals of a multisensor array are reported in Berdugo, Doron Rosenhouse, Azhari, The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, Vol. 6, June 1999, pages 3355-3363.
  • the algorithm described there is based on an extension of a maximum likelihood estimator 24 by an algorithm for determining the signal delay times (Time Delay Estimator) between combinations of the hydrophones 16 to be selected according to the geometry.
  • the time delay estimator 23 calculates from the electrical output signals S i Hydrophones 16 the vector of signal delays ⁇ ⁇ .
  • the maximum likelihood estimator 24 determines therefrom an estimated value for the incident vector k ⁇ and thus the azimuth angle ⁇ and the elevation angle ⁇ of the incident wavefront, which are represented as a bearing of the torpedo in a display unit 25.
  • bearing angles can be determined by geometric calculation, the distance of the torpedo, which is generally known by the term "cross-bearing".

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Sous-marin doté d'un corps de bâtiment (10) qui présente une peau extérieure (12) et d'un dispositif qui détecte des torpilles qui émettent des impulsions acoustiques et qui présente plusieurs hydrophones récepteurs omnidirectionnels (16) ainsi qu'une unité (17) de traitement de signaux destinée à déterminer les données des torpilles à partir des signaux délivrés par les hydrophones (16), caractérisé en ce que les hydrophones (16) sont répartis de manière quelconque à la surface du corps (10) du bâtiment et sont fixés directement sur sa peau extérieure (12) et en ce que l'unité (17) de traitement des signaux est configurée de manière à déterminer le gisement de la torpille à partir des différences de temps de parcours entre les signaux de sortie d'hydrophones sélectionnés (16), en vue de déterminer les données de la torpille.
  2. Sous-marin selon la revendication 1, doté d'une kiosque d'entrée (11) placée sur le corps (10) du bâtiment, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs hydrophones (16) sont répartis de manière quelconque sur le kiosque (11) et sont fixés directement sur la paroi du kiosque.
  3. Sous-marin selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un certain nombre d'hydrophones (16) sont disposés en ceintures (19, 21) d'hydrophones (16) situés à distance les uns des autres.
  4. Sous-marin selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une ceinture fermée (19) d'hydrophones est disposée dans la zone de la proue et au moins une ceinture fermée (19) d'hydrophones dans la zone de la poupe du corps (10) du bâtiment et entoure le corps (10) du bâtiment transversalement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du bâtiment.
  5. Sous-marin selon les revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une ceinture ouverte (21) d'hydrophones respective est disposée sur le côté tribord et sur le côté bâbord du kiosque (11), sensiblement en parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du bâtiment.
  6. Sous-marin selon les revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une ceinture ouverte (20) d'hydrophones respective est disposée sur le côté tribord et sur le côté bâbord du corps (10) du bâtiment, parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal du bâtiment.
  7. Sous-marin selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs hydrophones (16) sont disposés sur le côté avant (22) de la proue du corps (10) du bâtiment.
  8. Sous-marin selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la fixation des hydrophones (16) est réalisée de manière à les découpler du bruit du corps.
  9. Sous-marin selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la localisation par rapport à un système de coordonnées fixe par rapport au bâtiment, mesurée de préférence acoustiquement, des hydrophones (16) répartis à la surface du sous-marin est conservée en mémoire dans l'unité (17) de traitement des signaux.
EP02004155A 2001-06-15 2002-02-26 Sous-marin Revoked EP1266823B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10128973 2001-06-15
DE10128973A DE10128973C1 (de) 2001-06-15 2001-06-15 U-Boot

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1266823A2 EP1266823A2 (fr) 2002-12-18
EP1266823A3 EP1266823A3 (fr) 2003-11-12
EP1266823B1 true EP1266823B1 (fr) 2007-05-09

Family

ID=7688342

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02004155A Revoked EP1266823B1 (fr) 2001-06-15 2002-02-26 Sous-marin

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1266823B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE361872T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU784786B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10128973C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2283478T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1266823E (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10228681C1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2003-07-03 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zum Detektieren von luftverbrachten Unterwasserlaufkörpern
DE102004037987A1 (de) 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Unterwasserantenne
DE102004062128B8 (de) * 2004-12-23 2012-10-18 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustischer Wandler und dessen Verwendung
DE102007034054A1 (de) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-22 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zum passiven Bestimmen wenigstens der Entfernung zu einem schallabstrahlenden Ziel sowie Sonaranlage
DE102010056119B4 (de) * 2010-12-23 2015-02-05 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Akustische Unterwasserantenne, U-Boot mit derartiger Antenne sowie Verfahren zum Peilen, Orten und/oder Klassifizieren eines Ziels mittels einer derartigen Antenne
CN102582808A (zh) * 2012-03-10 2012-07-18 徐国元 无人潜艇
RU2517782C2 (ru) * 2012-06-15 2014-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Таганрогский научно-исследовательский институт связи" (ОАО "ТНИИС") Способ защиты подводной лодки от широкополосной мины-торпеды
FR3014207B1 (fr) * 2013-11-29 2016-01-01 Thales Sa Systeme et procede de localisation d'emissions sonar interceptees
CN106644043B (zh) * 2016-12-14 2019-08-23 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一0研究所 一种水雷模块化嵌入式圆柱共形声基阵
DE102019212636A1 (de) * 2019-08-23 2021-02-25 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Ortungssignalempfänger zur Bestimmung einer Schallpulsabbildung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875844A (en) * 1954-11-23 1975-04-08 Raymond M Hicks Anti-torpedo system
DE19612503C2 (de) * 1996-03-29 1998-01-29 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustischer Wandlermodul
DE19745726C1 (de) * 1997-10-16 1999-05-06 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Einfallsrichtung empfangener Schallimpulse
EP1001275B1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2004-02-04 ATLAS ELEKTRONIK GmbH Dispsitif pour déterminer l'angle d'incidence d'ondes acoustiques apparaisants qui sont limitées temporalement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2283478T3 (es) 2007-11-01
PT1266823E (pt) 2007-07-17
ATE361872T1 (de) 2007-06-15
AU4445802A (en) 2002-12-19
EP1266823A2 (fr) 2002-12-18
DE10128973C1 (de) 2002-07-25
EP1266823A3 (fr) 2003-11-12
AU784786B2 (en) 2006-06-22
DE50210101D1 (de) 2007-06-21

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