EP1259710B1 - Points de prelevement d'energie electrique dans un tubage de puit de petrole - Google Patents

Points de prelevement d'energie electrique dans un tubage de puit de petrole Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1259710B1
EP1259710B1 EP01920203A EP01920203A EP1259710B1 EP 1259710 B1 EP1259710 B1 EP 1259710B1 EP 01920203 A EP01920203 A EP 01920203A EP 01920203 A EP01920203 A EP 01920203A EP 1259710 B1 EP1259710 B1 EP 1259710B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transfer device
power transfer
transformer coil
piping structure
signal
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EP01920203A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1259710A1 (fr
Inventor
Harold J. Vinegar
Robert Rex Burnett
William Mountjoy Savage
Frederick Gordon Carl, Jr.
John Michele Hirsch
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
    • H04B5/266—One coil at each side, e.g. with primary and secondary coils
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/003—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings with electrically conducting or insulating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/066—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells electrically actuated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/08—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells responsive to flow or pressure of the fluid obtained
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a petroleum well having a casing which is used as a conductive path to transmit AC electrical power and communication signals from the surface to downhole equipment located proximate the casing, and in particular where the formation ground is used as a return path for the AC circuit.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,839,644 describes a method and system for wireless two-way communications in a cased borehole having a tubing string.
  • this system describes a communication scheme for coupling electromagnetic energy in a TEM mode using the annulus between the casing and the tubing.
  • This coupling requires a substantially nonconductive fluid such as crude oil in the annulus between the casing and the tubing. Therefore, the invention described in U. S. Patent No. 4,839,644 has not been widely adopted as a practical scheme for downhole two-way communication.
  • PCT application, WO 93/26115 generally describes a communication system for a sub-sea pipeline installation.
  • each sub-sea facility such as a wellhead, must have its own source of independent power.
  • the power source is a battery pack for startup operations and a thermoelectric power generator for continued operations.
  • '115 applies an electromagnetic VLF or ELF signal to the pipe comprising a voltage level oscillating about a DC voltage level.
  • Figs. 18 and 19 and the accompanying text on pp. 40 -42 describe a simple system and method for getting downhole pressure and temperature measurements.
  • the pressure and temperature sensors are passive (Bourdon and bi-metallic strip) where mechanical displacement of a sensing element varies a circuit to provide resonant frequencies related to temperature and pressure.
  • a frequency sweep at the wellhead looks for resonant spikes indicative of pressure and temperature.
  • the data at the well head is transmitted to the surface by cable or the '115 pipeline communication system.
  • a power supply apparatus includes an external power transfer device configured for disposition around a first piping structure and an internal power transfer device configured for disposition around a second piping structure.
  • the external power transfer device receives a first surface current from the first piping structure.
  • the external power transfer device is magnetically coupled to the internal power transfer device; therefore, the first surface current induces a secondary current in the internal power transfer device.
  • a power supply apparatus in another embodiment, includes a similar external power transfer device and internal power transfer device disposed around a first piping structure and a second piping structure, respectively. Again, the two power transfer devices are magnetically coupled.
  • the internal power transfer device is configured to receive a first downhole current, which induces a second downhole current in the external power transfer device.
  • a petroleum well according to the present invention includes a casing and tubing string positioned within a borehole of the well, the tubing string being positioned and longitudinally extending within the casing.
  • the petroleum well further includes an external power transfer device positioned around the casing and magnetically coupled to an internal power transfer device that is positioned around the tubing string.
  • a method for supplying current within a first piping structure includes the step of providing an external power transfer device and an internal power transfer device that is inductively coupled to the external power transfer device.
  • the external power transfer device is positioned around and inductively coupled to the first piping structure, while the internal power transfer device is positioned around a second piping structure.
  • the method further includes the steps of coupling a main surface current to the first piping structure and inducing a first surface current within the external power transfer device.
  • the first surface current provides the final step of inducing a second surface current within the internal power transfer device.
  • a "piping structure" can be one single pipe, a tubing string, a well casing, a pumping rod, a series of interconnected pipes, rods, rails, trusses, lattices, supports, a branch or lateral extension of a well, a network of interconnected pipes, or other structures known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the preferred embodiment makes use of the invention in the context of an oil well where the piping structure comprises tubular, metallic, electrically-conductive pipe or tubing strings, but the invention is not so limited.
  • an electrically conductive piping structure is one that provides an electrical conducting path from one location where a power source is electrically connected to another location where a device and/or electrical return is electrically connected.
  • the piping structure will typically be conventional round metal tubing, but the cross-sectional geometry of the piping structure, or any portion thereof, can vary in shape (e.g., round, rectangular, square, oval) and size (e.g., length, diameter, wall thickness) along any portion of the piping structure.
  • valve is any device that functions to regulate the flow of a fluid.
  • valves include, but are not limited to, bellows-type gas-lift valves and controllable gas-lift valves, each of which may be used to regulate the flow of lift gas into a tubing string of a well.
  • the internal workings of valves can vary greatly, and in the present application, it is not intended to limit the valves described to any particular configuration, so long as the valve functions to regulate flow.
  • Some of the various types of flow regulating mechanisms include, but are not limited to, ball valve configurations, needle valve configurations, gate valve configurations, and cage valve configurations.
  • the methods of installation for valves discussed in the present application can vary widely. Valves can be mounted downhole in a well in many different ways, some of which include tubing conveyed mounting configurations, side-pocket mandrel configurations, or permanent mounting configurations such as mounting the valve in an enlarged tubing pod.
  • modem is used generically herein to refer to any communications device for transmitting and/or receiving electrical communication signals via an electrical conductor (e.g., metal).
  • the term is not limited to the acronym for a modulator (device that converts a voice or data signal into a form that can be transmitted)/demodulator (a device that recovers an original signal after it has modulated a high frequency carrier).
  • modem as used herein is not limited to conventional computer modems that convert digital signals to analog signals and vice versa (e.g., to send digital data signals over the analog Public Switched Telephone Network).
  • a sensor outputs measurements in an analog format
  • such measurements may only need to be modulated (e.g., spread spectrum modulation) and transmitted-hence no analog-to-digital conversion is needed.
  • a relay/slave modem or communication device may only need to identify, filter, amplify, and/or retransmit a signal received.
  • sensor refers to any device that detects, determines, monitors, records, or otherwise senses the absolute value of or a change in a physical quantity. Sensors as described in the present application can be used to measure temperature, pressure (both absolute and differential), flow rate, seismic data, acoustic data, pH level, salinity levels, valve positions, or almost any other physical data.
  • wireless means the absence of a conventional, insulated wire conductor e.g. extending from a downhole device to the surface. Using the tubing and/or casing as a conductor is considered “wireless.”
  • Electronics module in the present application refers to a control device. Electronics modules can exist in many configurations and can be mounted downhole in many different ways. In one mounting configuration, the electronics module is actually located within a valve and provides control for the operation of a motor within the valve. Electronics modules can also be mounted external to any particular valve. Some electronics modules will be mounted within side pocket mandrels or enlarged tubing pockets, while others may be permanently attached to the tubing string. Electronics modules often are electrically connected to sensors and assist in relaying sensor information to the surface of the well. It is conceivable that the sensors associated with a particular electronics module may even be packaged within the electronics module.
  • the electronics module is often closely associated with, and may actually contain, a modem for receiving, sending, and relaying communications from and to the surface of the well. Signals that are received from the surface by the electronics module are often used to effect changes within downhole controllable devices, such as valves. Signals sent or relayed to the surface by the electronics module generally contain information about downhole physical conditions supplied by the sensors.
  • the descriptors "upper,” “lower,” “uphole,” and “downhole” as used herein are relative and refer to distance along hole depth from the surface, which in deviated or horizontal wells may or may not accord with vertical elevation measured with respect to a survey datum.
  • Petroleum well 10 having a plurality of power pick-off points 12 is illustrated.
  • Petroleum well 10 includes a borehole 14 extending from a surface 16 into a production zone 18 that is located downhole.
  • a casing, or first piping structure, 24 is disposed in borehole 14 and is of the type conventionally employed in the oil and gas industry.
  • the casing 24 is typically installed in sections and is secured in borehole 14 during well completion with cement 20.
  • a tubing string, or second piping structure, 26 or production tubing, is generally conventional comprising a plurality of elongated tubular pipe sections joined by threaded couplings at each end of the pipe sections.
  • Tubing string 26 is hung within borehole 14 by a tubing hanger 28 such that the tubing string 26 is concentrically located within casing 24.
  • An annulus 30 is formed between tubing string 26 and casing 24. Oil or gas produced by petroleum well 10 is typically delivered to surface 16 by tubing string 26.
  • Tubing string 26 supports a number of downhole devices 40, some of which may include wireless communications devices such as modems or spread-spectrum transceivers, sensors measuring downhole conditions such as pressure or temperature, and/or control devices such as motorized valves.
  • Downhole devices 40 have many different functions and uses, some of which are described in the applications incorporated herein by reference.
  • the overall goal of downhole devices 40 is to assist in increasing and maintaining efficient production of the well. This function is realized by providing sensors that can monitor downhole physical conditions and report the status of these conditions to the surface of the well.
  • Controllable valves located downhole are used to effect changes in well production. By monitoring downhole physical conditions and comparing the data with theoretically and empirically obtained well models, a computer at surface 16 of the well can change settings on the controllable valves, thereby adjusting the overall production of the well.
  • Each pick-off point 12 includes an external power transfer device 42 that is positioned concentrically around an exterior surface of casing 24 and an internal power transfer device 44 that is positioned concentrically around tubing string 26.
  • External power transfer device 42 is installed at the time casing 24 is installed in borehole 14 and before the completion cement 20 has been placed.
  • cement 20 is poured in a space between borehole 14 and casing 24 and serves to further secure external-power transfer device 42 relative to the casing 24.
  • Internal power transfer device 44 is positioned around tubing string 26 such that internal power transfer device 44 is axially aligned with external power transfer device 42.
  • a low-voltage / high-current AC source 60 is coupled to well casing 24 and a formation ground 61.
  • Current supplied by source 60 travels through the casing and dissipates progressively through cement 20 into formation ground 61, since cement 20 forms a resistive current path between the casing 24 and the formation ground 61, i.e. the cement restricts current flow but is not an ideal electrical insulator.
  • the casing current at any specific point in the well is the difference between the current supplied by source 60 and the current which has leaked through the cement 20 into formation ground 61 between surface 16 and that specific point in the well.
  • each external power transfer device 42 is comprised of a toroidal transformer coil 62 wound on a high magnetic permeability core, and a primary solenoid transformer coil 64.
  • the winding of toroidal transformer coil 62 is electrically connected to the winding of primary solenoid transformer coil 64 such that current in the windings of toroidal transformer coil 62 passes through the windings of primary solenoid transformer coil 64.
  • a section 65 of casing 24 passing through external power transfer device 42 is fabricated of a non-magnetic material such as stainless steel.
  • a main surface current is supplied to casing 24.
  • the main surface current will be supplied by source 60, but it is conceivable that a communications signal originating at the surface or one of the downhole devices 40 is being relayed along casing 24.
  • the main surface current has an associated magnetic field that induces a first surface current in the windings of toroidal transformer coil 62.
  • the first surface current induced in toroidal transformer coil 62 is then driven through the winding of primary solenoid transformer coil 64 to create a solenoidal magnetic field within casing 24.
  • a secondary solenoid transformer coil 66 may be inserted into this magnetic field as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the solenoidal magnetic field inside casing 24 induces a second surface current in the windings of the secondary solenoid transformer coil 66 (see FIG. 3).
  • This induced second surface current may be used to provide power and communication to downhole devices within the well bore (e.g. sensors, valves, and electronics modules).
  • Internal power transfer device 44 comprises the secondary solenoid transformer coil 66 wound on a high magnetic permeability core 68. Internal power transfer device 44 is located such that secondary solenoid transformer coil 66 is immersed in the solenoidal magnetic field generated by primary solenoid transformer coil 64 around casing 24.
  • Power and communications supplied at power pick-off point 12 are routed to one or more downhole devices 40.
  • power is routed to an electronics module 70 that is electrically coupled to a plurality of sensors 72 and a controllable valve 74.
  • Electronics module 70 distributes power and communication signals to sensors 72 and controllable valve 74 as needed to obtain sensor information and to power and control the valve.
  • a communications signal such as sensor information is routed from electronics module 70 to secondary solenoid transformer coil 66.
  • the signal is provided to the transformer coil 66 as a first downhole current.
  • the first downhole current has an associated solenoidal magnetic field, which induces a second downhole current in the windings of primary solenoidal transformer coil 64.
  • the second downhole current passes into the windings of toroidal transformer coil 62, which induces a main downhole current in casing 24.
  • the main downhole current then communicates the original signal from electronics module 70 to other downhole devices 40 or to equipment at the surface 16 of the well.
  • the electronics module 70 may include a power storage device such as a battery or capacitor The battery or capacitor is charged during normal operation. When it is desired to communicate from the module 70, the battery or capacitor supplies the power.
  • toroidal transformer coil 62 and primary solenoid transformer coil 64 A number of practical considerations must be borne in mind in the design of toroidal transformer coil 62 and primary solenoid transformer coil 64. To protect against mechanical damage during installation, and corrosion in service, the coils are encapsulated in a glass fiber reinforced epoxy sheath or equivalent non-conductive material, and the coil windings are filled with epoxy or similar material to eliminate voids within the winding assembly. For compatibility with existing borehole and casing diameter combinations an external diameter of the completed coil assembly (i.e. external power transfer device 42) must be no greater than the diameter of the casing collars. For ease of manufacturing, or cost, it may be desirable to compose the toroidal transformer coil 62 of a series of tori which are stacked on the casing and whose outputs are coupled to aggregate power transfer. Typically the aggregate length of the torus assembly will be of the order of two meters, which is relatively large compared to standard manufacturing practice for toroidal transformers, and for this reason if no other the ability to divide the total assembly
  • the design analyses for toroidal transformer coil 62 and primary solenoid transformer coil 64 is derived from standard practice for transformer design with account taken of the novel geometries of the present invention.
  • the casing is treated as a single-turn current-carrying primary for the toroidal transformer design analysis.
  • Appendix A provides the mathematical treatment of this design analysis.
  • FIG.4 illustrates the results from such a design analysis, in this case showing how the optimum number of turns on toroidal transformer coil 62 depends on the frequency of the AC power being supplied on casing 24.
  • FIG.5 illustrates results of an analysis showing how relative permeability of the toroid core material affects current available into a 10-Ohm load, for three representative power frequencies, 50Hz, 60Hz and 400Hz. These results show the benefit of selecting high permeability materials for the toroidal transformer core. Permalloy, Supermalloy, and Supermalloy-14 are specific examples of candidate materials, but in general, the requirement is a material exhibiting low excitation Oersted and high saturation magnetic field. The results also illustrate the benefit of selecting the frequency and number of turns of the torus winding to match the load impedance.
  • the design analysis for electrical conduction along the casing requires knowledge of the rate at which power is lost from the casing into the formation.
  • a semi-analytical model can be constructed to predict the propagation of electrical current along such a cased well.
  • the solution can be written as an integral, which has to be evaluated numerically. Results generated by the model were compared with published data and show excellent agreement.
  • the problem under consideration consists of a well surrounded by a homogeneous rock with cement placed in between. A constant voltage is applied to the outer wall of the casing.
  • the well is assumed to have infinite length; however, a finite length well solution can also be constructed. Results obtained by analyzing both models show that the end effects are insignificant for the cases considered.
  • the main objectives of the analysis for electrical conduction along the casing are:
  • the thickness of the casing is assumed to be larger than its skin depth, which is valid for all cases considered.
  • the well can be modeled as a solid rod.
  • Each material (pipe, cement, and rock) is characterized by a set of electromagnetic constants: conductivity ⁇ , magnetic permeability ⁇ , and dielectric constant ⁇ .
  • conductivity ⁇ conductivity
  • magnetic permeability ⁇ magnetic permeability
  • dielectric constant ⁇ dielectric constant
  • the present invention can be applied in many areas where there is a need to provide a communication system or power within a borehole, well, or any other area that is difficult to access. Also, one skilled in the art will see that the present invention can be applied in many areas where there is an already existing conductive piping structure and a need to route power and communications to a location on the piping structure.
  • a water sprinkler system or network in a building for extinguishing fires is an example of a piping structure that may be already existing and may have a same or similar path as that desired for routing power and communications. In such case another piping structure or another portion of the same piping structure may be used as the electrical return.
  • the steel structure of a building may also be used as a piping structure and/or electrical return for transmitting power and communications in accordance with the present invention.
  • the steel rebar in a concrete dam or a street may be used as a piping structure and/or electrical return for transmitting power and communications in accordance with the present invention.
  • the transmission lines and network of piping between wells or across large stretches of land may be used as a piping structure and/or electrical return for transmitting power and communications in accordance with the present invention.
  • Surface refinery production pipe networks may be used as a piping structure and/or electrical return for transmitting power and communications in accordance with the present invention.
  • the model developed in the following outline will calculate input current and voltage for a required output voltage and load or it will calculate the input current and output voltage for a fixed input voltage and load. These calculations are based on the following input parameters:
  • the magnetic reluctance is the sum of the reluctance of the outer core and the combined reluctance of the leakage path and the path through the gap and the inner core.
  • R m , sec R m , incore + R m , leak ( R m , outcore + 2 R m , gap ) R m , leak + R m , outcore + 2 R m , gap
  • a gap ⁇ ( D gap + W gap ) ( l in c r ⁇ l c oil )
  • L L m + L leak
  • the main component is denoted by the m subscript.
  • resistive core losses of this configuration are very small compared to the inductive core losses and will be ignored.
  • B V out 2 ⁇ f N sec A core
  • the core losses in the parts of the cores where the inner and outer cores are close are difficult to calculate, as no uniform flux density exists in these parts. To estimate these losses, an identical flux density as in the middle parts of the cores is assumed. The effective volume of these parts where core losses occur is then determined by the requirement that the total flux through these parts is identical to the total flux through the middle parts.
  • VOL in c r A in c r l in c r + ⁇ 8 D max , in c r 2 D min , in c r
  • VOL out c r A out c r l c oil + ⁇ 8 ( D max , out c r 2 ⁇ ( D max , in c r + 2 W gap ) 2 ) D max , c oil

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  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Claims (33)

  1. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie, comprenant :
    un dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) configuré pour être disposé autour d'une première structure de canalisation (24), le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe étant configuré pour recevoir un premier courant alternatif CA de la première structure de canalisation (24); un dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) configuré pour être disposé dans la première structure de canalisation (24) à proximité du dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (42), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) peut être activé pour produire un second courant induit lorsque le premier courant CA est délivré au dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42).
  2. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le premier courant reçu par le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) est induit par un courant principal s'écoulant dans la première structure de canalisation (24).
  3. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, comprenant une seconde structure de canalisation (26) configurée pour être disposée à l'intérieur de la première structure de canalisation (24) et supportant le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) de sorte que le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) soit axialement aligné avec le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42).
  4. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une section de la première structure de canalisation proche du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) est formée d'un matériau non magnétique.
  5. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) connecté électriquement à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64).
  6. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) électriquement connecté à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64); et
    le premier courant est induit dans l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) par un signal principal CA appliqué à la première structure de canalisation.
  7. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66).
  8. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) électriquement connecté à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64);
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66);
    le premier signal CA est induit dans l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (64) par un signal principal CA s'écoulant dans la première structure de canalisation (24); et
    le second signal CA est induit dans le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) par le premier signal CA s'écoulant à travers le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64).
  9. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la première structure de canalisation (24) est un cuvelage (24) positionné dans un trou de forage d'un puits de pétrole.
  10. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la seconde structure de canalisation (26) est un train de tubes de production (26) positionné dans un trou de forage d'un puits de pétrole.
  11. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    la première structure de canalisation est un cuvelage (24) positionné dans une trou de forage d'un puits de pétrole (10);
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) est couplé à un train de tubes de production (26) positionné dans le cuvelage (24); et le second signal CA induit dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) est utilisé pour fournir de l'énergie à un dispositif de trou de forage.
  12. Appareil d'alimentation en énergie selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le dispositif de trou de forage (40) est un capteur pour déterminer une caractéristique physique.
  13. Puits de pétrole (10) ayant un trou de forage comprenant :
    un cuvelage (24) positionné et s'étendant longitudinalement dans le trou de forage;
    un train de tubes de production (26) positionné et s'étendant longitudinalement dans le cuvelage (24);
    un dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) positionné autour du cuvelage (24); et
    un dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) positionné autour du train de tubes de production (26) et positionnable à proximité du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) dans l'alignement axial avec le premier dispositif de sorte que le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) soit magnétiquement couplé au dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) avec application d'un courant CA au dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42);
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) électriquement connecté à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64).
  14. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 13, dans lequel un premier signal de courant CA s'écoulant à l'intérieur du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un second signal CA dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44).
  15. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 13, dans lequel un premier courant de trou de forage s'écoulant dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) induit un second courant de trou de forage dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42).
  16. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 13, dans lequel le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66).
  17. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 13, dans lequel :
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) électriquement connecté à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64);
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66);
    un signal CA principal s'écoulant dans le cuvelage (24) induit un premier signal CA dans l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62), le premier signal CA s'écoulant de l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) au solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64); et
    le premier signal CA s'écoulant dans le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64) induit un second signal CA dans le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66).
  18. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 17, dans lequel le signal principal CA est délivré au cuvelage (24) à partir d'un équipement à la surface du puits (10).
  19. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 17, dans lequel le signal principal CA est un signal de communication délivré au cuvelage (24) d'un dispositif de trou de forage.
  20. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 19, dans lequel le second signal CA délivre de l'énergie et des communications à un dispositif de trou de forage (40).
  21. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 13, dans lequel :
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) électriquement connecté à un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64);
    le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66);
    un premier courant de trou de forage s'écoulant dans le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) induit un second courant de trou de forage dans le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64); et
    le second courant de trou de forage s'écoulant dans l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) induit un courant de trou de forage principal dans le cuvelage (24).
  22. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 21, dans lequel le premier courant de trou de forage est délivré au solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) par un dispositif de trou de forage (40).
  23. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 21, dans lequel le courant de trou de forage principal est un signal de communication pour délivrer des communications entre un dispositif de trou de forage (40) et un équipement à la surface du puits de pétrole (10).
  24. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 21, dans lequel le courant de trou de forage principal est un signal de communication pour délivrer des communications entre un premier dispositif de trou de forage (40) et un second dispositif de trou de forage.
  25. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 21, dans lequel une section du cuvelage (24) située en dessous du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) est formée d'un matériau non magnétique.
  26. Puits de pétrole selon la revendication 21, dans lequel une section du cuvelage (24) située en dessous du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) est formée d'acier inoxydable.
  27. Procédé de production d'un signal CA distant dans une première structure de canalisation (24), comprenant :
    la mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) configuré pour être disposé autour de la première structure de canalisation (24);
    la mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) configuré pour être disposé dans la première structure de canalisation (24);
    le couplage d'un signal CA principal avec la première structure de canalisation (24);
    caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend en outre :
    l'induction d'un premier signal CA dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) en utilisant un couplage inductif entre la première structure de canalisation (24) et le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42); et
    l'induction d'un signal CA distant dans le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) en utilisant un couplage inductif entre le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) et le dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44).
  28. Procédé selon la revendication 27, dans lequel l'étape de mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprend en outre les étapes suivantes :
    le positionnement d'un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) autour de la première structure de canalisation (24);
    le positionnement d'un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64) autour de la première structure de canalisation (24); et
    la connexion électrique de l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) avec le solénoïde primaire de transformateur.
  29. Procédé selon la revendication 27, dans lequel l'étape de mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) comprend en outre l'étape de positionnement d'un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) autour d'une seconde structure de canalisation disposée dans la première structure de canalisation, le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur étant axialement alignée avec le dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe.
  30. Procédé selon la revendication 27, dans lequel les étapes de mise en oeuvre du dispositif de transfert d'énergie interne (44) et du dispositif de transfert d'énergie externe (42) comprennent en outre les étapes suivantes :
    le positionnement d'un enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) autour de la première structure de canalisation (24);
    le positionnement d'un solénoïde primaire de transformateur (64) autour de la première structure de canalisation (24);
    la connexion électrique de l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) avec le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (61); et
    le positionnement d'un solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) autour d'une seconde structure de canalisation (26) disposée dans la première structure de canalisation (24) de sorte que le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) soit axialement aligné avec le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (61).
  31. Procédé selon la revendication 30, dans lequel les étapes d'induction d'un premier signal de CA et d'un signal CA distant comprennent en outre les étapes suivantes :
    l'induction du premier signal CA dans l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) en utilisant le signal principal CA s'écoulant dans la première structure de canalisation (24);
    le passage du premier signal CA de l'enroulement toroïdal de transformateur (62) au solénoïde primaire de transformateur (61); et
    l'induction du signal CA distant dans le solénoïde secondaire de transformateur (66) en utilisant le premier signal CA s'écoulant dans le solénoïde primaire de transformateur (61).
  32. Procédé selon la revendication 30, dans lequel la première structure de canalisation (24) est un cuvelage (24) positionné dans un trou de forage d'un puits de pétrole (10) et la seconde structure de canalisation (26) est un train de tubes de production (26) positionné dans le cuvelage (24).
  33. Procédé selon la revendication 27, comprenant la fourniture d'énergie et de communications pour activer un dispositif de trou de forage (40) en utilisant le signal CA distant.
EP01920203A 2000-03-02 2001-03-02 Points de prelevement d'energie electrique dans un tubage de puit de petrole Expired - Lifetime EP1259710B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US18637900P 2000-03-02 2000-03-02
US186379P 2000-03-02
PCT/US2001/007004 WO2001065069A1 (fr) 2000-03-02 2001-03-02 Points de prelevement d'energie electrique dans un tubage de puit de petrole

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EP1259710B1 true EP1259710B1 (fr) 2006-10-11

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EP (1) EP1259710B1 (fr)
AU (2) AU4728001A (fr)
BR (1) BR0108873B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2402203C (fr)
DE (1) DE60123760T2 (fr)
EG (1) EG22206A (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02008507A (fr)
MY (1) MY134669A (fr)
NO (1) NO324854B1 (fr)
OA (1) OA12226A (fr)
RU (1) RU2262598C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001065069A1 (fr)

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NO20024135L (no) 2002-11-01
CA2402203A1 (fr) 2001-09-07
AU4728001A (en) 2001-09-12
BR0108873A (pt) 2005-01-18
CA2402203C (fr) 2009-05-12
BR0108873B1 (pt) 2010-05-04
AU2001247280B2 (en) 2004-10-07
DE60123760D1 (de) 2006-11-23
MY134669A (en) 2007-12-31
WO2001065069A1 (fr) 2001-09-07
NO20024135D0 (no) 2002-08-30
DE60123760T2 (de) 2007-08-23
EP1259710A1 (fr) 2002-11-27
MXPA02008507A (es) 2003-01-28
RU2002126213A (ru) 2004-02-27
NO324854B1 (no) 2007-12-17
RU2262598C2 (ru) 2005-10-20
EG22206A (en) 2002-10-31
OA12226A (en) 2006-05-10

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