EP1259679B1 - Anchoring for a pre-tensioned and/or loaded strength member and anchor sleeve - Google Patents
Anchoring for a pre-tensioned and/or loaded strength member and anchor sleeve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1259679B1 EP1259679B1 EP01907227A EP01907227A EP1259679B1 EP 1259679 B1 EP1259679 B1 EP 1259679B1 EP 01907227 A EP01907227 A EP 01907227A EP 01907227 A EP01907227 A EP 01907227A EP 1259679 B1 EP1259679 B1 EP 1259679B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- load
- arrangement according
- anchoring arrangement
- anchor body
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
- E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
- E04C5/127—The tensile members being made of fiber reinforced plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
- E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
- E04C5/122—Anchoring devices the tensile members are anchored by wedge-action
Definitions
- the invention has an anchoring arrangement for a prestressed or loaded tension element made of fiber composite material as well as anchoring bushes.
- tensile elements made of fiber composite materials have a superior corrosion resistance to weathering stresses and a lower weight.
- Tensile elements made of fiber composite material usually consist in the length of the tension elements corresponding parallel arranged fibers z.
- Conventional fibers are built up with carbon, inorganic glass or aramid.
- epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, but also polymers with or without fillers are used.
- the fibers have both an elastic and brittle material behavior.
- the matrix of the fiber composite causes the equalization of forces and the power transmission of broken to intact fibers. In addition, the matrix reduces the transverse pressure sensitivity of the fibers.
- tension elements made of fiber composite material is carried out by pultrusion. Mainly in cross-section circular wires and rods and strands of single fibers are produced.
- a tension member may consist of several tension elements and a cladding tube to protect against water access and UV radiation.
- Tensile elements made of non-metallic fiber composite material are mechanically anisotropic. Outstanding material properties, such as high tensile strength and longitudinal stiffness, are much lower in the transverse direction.
- the anchorage efficiency In the anchorage for a tension element made of fiber composite material occurs in the tension element on a multiple stress.
- the ratio of the load capacity of the tension member in the anchorage to the load capacity of the tension member on the free span is referred to as the anchorage efficiency.
- the tensile force is transmitted via frictional composite stresses from the tension element to the clamping plates.
- the contact pressure of the clamping plates can take into account the transverse pressure sensitivity of the tension elements be set from non-metallic fiber composite material so that the contact pressure in the load-bearing part of the anchorage is smaller than in the load distant part. As a result, a uniform force transmission and thus a high efficiency of anchoring is achieved. Relative displacements between the tension element and clamping plates can lead to anchorage failure under dynamic loading in the case of clamping plate anchors. Because of the elaborate anchoring technique and the risk of premature failure under dynamic loading, it is to be expected that clamping anchors will find no further use.
- transverse pressure in conical grouting anchors in which the smallest cross-sectional area of the cavity is close to the load and thus the imaginary tip of the cone is arranged close to the load, increases the absorbable shear stress between tension element and anchor body, but can also for early destruction lead the tension element in the anchorage, since fiber composites are sensitive to transverse pressure.
- a conical casting anchorage for non-metallic tensile elements of fiber composite material which has an anchor sleeve with a conical cavity, the lowest cross-sectional area close to the load and the largest cross-sectional area Lastfern, and arranged between the anchor sleeve and tension elements anchor body of a potting compound.
- the potting compound of the anchor body has along its longitudinal extent different modulus of elasticity. When the tension element enters the anchorage, the modulus of elasticity of the casting compound is low and continuously increases towards the load-distant part of the anchorage. With this stepped version of the anchor body, a more uniform force transmission from the tension element to the anchor bushing is to be achieved.
- the production of a potting material in multiple layers is a complex process.
- DE 27 05 483 A1 has a device for anchoring tension members of high-strength materials, in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics to the subject.
- Both the anchor body and the anchor bushing have the same structure as is the case with tension members made of steel. However, this does not take into account the specific strength properties of fiber reinforced plastics, which have high tensile strength but low transverse strength.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring arrangement for one or more tension members made of non-metallic fiber composite, the is easy to manufacture and allows a more uniform force transmission along the tension element on the anchor sleeve and allows a high level of stability under dynamic loads.
- the anchoring arrangement comprising an anchor plate, an anchor body and a prestressed and / or loaded tension element of a, in particular non-metallic, fiber composite material, wherein the tensile force of the tension element over the anchor body of solidified, in particular hardened, potting on the anchor bushing, normal to the axis of Traction element different cross-sectional areas and an inner wall of the anchor box has a profiling, is transferable, consists essentially in the fact that the cross-sectional area of the anchor body is normal to the axis of the tension element in the close-load part of the anchor box larger, in particular has a maximum value, and smaller in the load distant part is.
- Fiber composites are usually made of non-metallic fibers, such as glass, carbon, aramid or other plastics, which have a particularly high corrosion resistance to the atmospheric stress.
- tension members with such anchoring as they are used for structures such as bridges, buildings, but also earth or rock anchors, have a particularly high resistance.
- the non-metallic fiber composites may have a particularly high tensile strength, but the strength is particularly low in transverse stresses.
- a determination of the tension elements in particular made of fiber composites in an anchor box with a material that can be introduced into the anchor box flowable through the no forces are applied transversely to the longitudinal extent of the tension elements.
- the anchor body widens in the pulling direction. A geometric anchoring of the anchor body with smooth walls in the anchor box could not occur.
- the inner wall of the anchor sleeve is formed with a profiling.
- the anchor bushing has at least two anchor bodies for receiving the tension elements, a particularly high mechanical anchoring of the tension elements in the anchor bushing can be achieved.
- the load-distal end of the anchor bushing consists of a plate and has the same at least one load-bearing element which is parallel, in particular oriented in parallel, to the tension element (s), a particularly force-absorbing anchor bushing can be obtained.
- the tensile strength of the solidified, in particular hardened potting material of the anchor body in particular considerably lower than the compressive strength, it can be achieved that cracks occur in the anchor body, which lead to compression struts, which transmit the forces to the anchor box.
- the wall thickness in the load-bearing part of the anchor box is less than in the part distant from the load, and the anchor box is stepped such that in the transmission of the tensile force from the tension member via the anchor body on the anchor box, the stress of the tension element when entering the anchor body by the compliance in the load-near part the anchor sleeve is reduced, so a particularly favorable compensation of the forces between the anchor sleeve and the anchor body and thus the stress of the tension elements is given.
- the anchor body in the off-load part of the anchor sleeve is cylindrical, then a particularly long anchor body can be obtained which is particularly favorable for adjustability.
- the solidified, in particular hardened, potting material can be loaded at elevated temperature by a tensile force which acts over a longer period of time, in particular by a variable load, a more uniform transmission of the forces from the tension element can take place on the potting compound, which has been subjected to a permanent deformation can be achieved on the anchor box.
- the anchor bush according to the invention with at least one cavity having an inner wall which is open at at least one end, wherein the cross-sectional area of the cavity varies normal to the longitudinal direction thereof, and the inner wall has a profiling which extends transversely, in particular normal, to the longitudinal direction of the cavity , Essentially, is that the anchor sleeve is closed at one end, said end having reduced cross-sectional areas of the cavity.
- anchor boxes can be arranged with a conical surface such that the largest cross-section is close to the load, whereby a particularly favorable absorption of forces is possible because the largest power at the beginning of the anchor box, so close to the load Part lies, whereas the lowest forces are transferred to the load distant part of the anchor box.
- a particularly favorable absorption of forces is possible because the largest power at the beginning of the anchor box, so close to the load Part lies, whereas the lowest forces are transferred to the load distant part of the anchor box.
- the tendency prevails to obtain a large-scale mechanical anchoring of a potting in the anchor box.
- the anchor bushing is closed at one end, this end having reduced cross-sectional areas of the cavity, then particularly high strengths are ensured for the anchor bush, whereby a smaller dimensioning of the same with the same power is possible.
- FIG. 1 A longitudinal section through a first embodiment of an anchoring arrangement according to the invention is shown in FIG.
- the anchor box 4 is made of steel and was produced by means of milling tools. However, it is also possible to use those made of fiber composite materials.
- the anchoring arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is connected to the outside via a thread 49 with a ring nut 50.
- the anchor body 6 consists of a hardened potting material 3.
- the potting material are epoxy resins, Dywipox (registered trademark of Dyckerhoff Systems International, Kunststoff). Good bonding behavior between the tension element 2 and the anchor body 6 is required in order to transmit the tensile force from the tension member 1 with only one tension element 2 on the anchor body 6.
- the tension member is constructed with carbon fibers with a diameter of 10 microns, which are connected by epoxy resins. As fibers and those of inorganic glass, aramid od. Like. Can be used. Such tension elements can be obtained, for example, from the companies Stesalit AG (Switzerland), Nedri Spanstaal BV (Netherlands) and Toray Industries Inc. (Japan).
- the anchor body 6 of the anchoring shown in Fig. 1 has the shape of a truncated cone. 2, the anchor body 6 has a larger cross-sectional area than in a cross-section in the load-distant part 42 of the anchorage in a cross section through the load-near part 41 of the anchorage according to FIG.
- This geometric shape of the anchor body 6 it is achieved that the composite stresses between the tension element 2 and the anchor body 6 are distributed more uniformly than in a cylindrical or conical Vergussverank réelle conventional type.
- the anchor bushing 4 serves as a mold for the manufacture of the anchor body 6.
- the inner wall 44 of the anchor bushing 4 must be such that the anchor body 6 is not pulled out of the anchor bushing 4 when the tension element 2 is loaded.
- a suitable processing of the inner wall 44 of the anchor bush 4 has a profiling 45 of the surface.
- Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is shown in a modified embodiment.
- the inner wall 44 of the anchor sleeve 4 is provided with Abtrepponne 46, on which the anchor body 6 is supported under load of the tension element 2.
- Abtrepponne 46 By suitable shaping of the AbtreppInstitut 46 with respect to distance and inclination to the tension element 2, the shear stress profile along the tension element 2 can be influenced. It can thus also be achieved a plurality of truncated conical formations, the load near a smaller cross-section than lastfern have, so that a mechanical clamping of the tension member is achieved in the anchor body.
- Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment.
- the surface of the anchor body 6 normal to the tension element 2 steadily increases in the part of the anchorage 41 close to the load and is constant in off-load part 42.
- This anchoring arrangement thus represents an extension of the known cylindrical casting anchors.
- the increase in shear stress occurring in the case of cylindrical anchors in the part of the anchorage close to the load is reduced by the widening of the anchor body 6 according to FIG. 4.
- the anchor bush 4 of the anchoring shown in Fig. 4 has a profiling 45 of the inner wall 44 and outputs the force on an anchor plate 60 from.
- Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment.
- the inner wall 44 of the anchor sleeve 4 has only one Abtreppung 46, which receives a substantial portion of the force. The remaining part of the force is delivered via the anchor body 6 to the profiling 45 of the inner wall 44 of the anchor sleeve 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment.
- the tension member 1 consists of three tension elements 2 made of fiber composite material, which are embedded in a conical anchor body 6.
- the wall thickness d in the load-near part 41 of the anchor sleeve 4 is formed so thin in this anchoring arrangement that an influence of the shear stress profile between the tension element 2 and anchor body 6 is achieved by the flexibility of the anchor sleeve 4.
- a section along the line VII-VII through the load-near part 41 of the anchoring arrangement is shown in Fig. 7.
- FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment.
- the tension member 1 consists of three tension elements 2 made of fiber composite material. Each tension element 2 is embedded in a respective conical anchor body 6.
- the anchor body 6 are arranged parallel to the axis of the tension member 1 in the embodiment of FIG. A section along the line IX-IX through the anchoring arrangement is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment.
- the tension member 1 consists of six tension elements 2 made of fiber composite material.
- the anchor bush 4 has at the end remote end to a plate 70, to which a load-receiving element 80 has.
- the tension elements 2 transmit the force via composite stresses to the armature body 6, which has been widened in the area near the load 41.
- the anchor body 6 transmits the tensile force to the inner wall 44 and the load-receiving element 80, which protrudes into the anchor body 6 like a mandrel.
- a section along the line XI-XI through the anchoring arrangement is shown in FIG.
- the wall with a release agent for. As silicone oil, are provided before pouring the liquid potting material into the anchor box, so that no adhesive bonding occurs.
- the shape of the anchor body 6 is not limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 1 to 11. In particular, too In cross-section non-circular anchoring body 6 are formed, which allow transmission of the tensile force along with the tension element 2 uniformly distributed shear stresses.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung hat eine Verankerungsanordnung für ein vorgespanntes oder belastetes Zugelement aus Faserverbundwerkstoff sowie Ankerbüchsen zum Gegenstand.The invention has an anchoring arrangement for a prestressed or loaded tension element made of fiber composite material as well as anchoring bushes.
Die weltweite Entwicklung zeigt die zunehmende Bedeutung von hochfesten, unidirektionalen Faserverbundwerkstoffen für nichtmetallische, vorgespannte Zugelemente (z. B. Schrägseile, Spannglieder, Verpreßanker) und belastete Zugelemente (z. B. Abhängungen, Zugstützen) im Bauwesen an.Worldwide development shows the increasing importance of high-strength, unidirectional fiber composite materials for non-metallic, prestressed tension elements (eg stay cables, tendons, injection anchors) and loaded tension elements (eg suspensions, tension supports) in the construction industry.
Im Vergleich zu metallischen Zugelementen weisen Zugelemente aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen einen überlegenen Korrosionswiderstand gegenüber witterungsmäßigen Beanspruchungen und ein geringeres Gewicht auf.Compared to metallic tensile elements, tensile elements made of fiber composite materials have a superior corrosion resistance to weathering stresses and a lower weight.
Zugelemente aus Faserverbundwerkstoff bestehen in der Regel aus in der Länge der Zugelemente entsprechenden parallel zueinander angeordneten Fasern, die z. B. in eine Reaktionsharzmatrix eingebettet sind. Übliche Fasern sind mit Kohlenstoff, anorganischem Glas oder Aramid aufgebaut. Für die Matrix werden Epoxidharze, ungesättigte Polyesterharze, Vinylesterharze, aber auch Polymere mit oder ohne Füllstoffe verwendet.Tensile elements made of fiber composite material usually consist in the length of the tension elements corresponding parallel arranged fibers z. B. embedded in a reaction resin matrix. Conventional fibers are built up with carbon, inorganic glass or aramid. For the matrix, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, but also polymers with or without fillers are used.
Die Fasern weisen sowohl ein elastisches als auch sprödes Werkstoffverhalten auf. Die Matrix des Faserverbundes bewirkt die Vergleichmäßigung der Kräfte und die Kraftüberleitung von gebrochenen zu intakten Fasern. Darüber hinaus reduziert die Matrix die Querdruckempfindlichkeit der Fasern.
Es folgen die ursprünglichen Beschreibungsseiten 2 und 3.The fibers have both an elastic and brittle material behavior. The matrix of the fiber composite causes the equalization of forces and the power transmission of broken to intact fibers. In addition, the matrix reduces the transverse pressure sensitivity of the fibers.
The
Die Herstellung von Zugelementen aus Faserverbundwerkstoff erfolgt durch Pultrusion. Hauptsächlich werden im Querschnitt kreisrunde Drähte und Stäbe sowie Litzen aus Einzelfasern erzeugt. Ein Zugglied kann aus mehreren Zugelementen und einem Hüllrohr zum Schutz vor Wasserzutritt und UV-Strahlung bestehen.The production of tension elements made of fiber composite material is carried out by pultrusion. Mainly in cross-section circular wires and rods and strands of single fibers are produced. A tension member may consist of several tension elements and a cladding tube to protect against water access and UV radiation.
Zugelemente aus nichtmetallischem Faserverbundwerkstoff sind mechanisch anisotrop. Hervorragenden Materialeigenschaften, wie hoher Zugfestigkeit und Steifigkeit in Längsrichtung, stehen um ein Vielfaches geringere Festigkeiten in Querrichtung gegenüber.Tensile elements made of non-metallic fiber composite material are mechanically anisotropic. Outstanding material properties, such as high tensile strength and longitudinal stiffness, are much lower in the transverse direction.
In der Verankerung für ein Zugelement aus Faserverbundwerkstoff tritt im Zugelement eine mehrfache Beanspruchung auf. Die Kraftüberleitung vom Zugelement über den Ankerkörper zur Ankerbüchse erfolgt über Schub- und Querdruckspannungen. Wegen der Querdruckempfindlichkeit des Zugelements tritt in der Verankerung eine Reduktion der Tragfähigkeit im Vergleich zur freien Strecke außerhalb der Verankerung auf. Das Verhältnis von Tragfähigkeit des Zugelements in der Verankerung zur Tragfähigkeit des Zugelements auf der freien Strecke wird als Wirkungsgrad der Verankerung bezeichnet.In the anchorage for a tension element made of fiber composite material occurs in the tension element on a multiple stress. The power transmission from the tension element on the anchor body to the anchor box via shear and lateral compressive stresses. Because of the transverse compressive sensitivity of the tension element occurs in the anchorage, a reduction in the load capacity compared to the free distance outside the anchorage on. The ratio of the load capacity of the tension member in the anchorage to the load capacity of the tension member on the free span is referred to as the anchorage efficiency.
Unterschiedliche Verankerungen für Zugelemente aus nichtmetallischem Faserverbundwerkstoff wurden in der Vergangenheit entwickelt. Es kann zwischen Klemmplattenverankerungen, zylindrischen und konischen Vergußverankerungen unterschieden werden.Different anchorages for non-metallic composite fiber tension members have been developed in the past. It can be distinguished between clamp anchorages, cylindrical and conical potting anchors.
In Klemmplattenverankerungen wird die Zugkraft über Reibungsverbundspannungen vom Zugelement auf die Klemmplatten übertragen. Der Anpreßdruck der Klemmplatten kann unter Berücksichtigung der Querdruckempfindlichkeit der Zugelemente aus nichtmetallischem Faserverbundwerkstoff so eingestellt werden, daß der Anpreßdruck im lastnahen Teil der Verankerung kleiner ist als im lastfernen Teil. Dadurch wird eine gleichmäßige Kraftübertragung und damit ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Verankerung erreicht. Relativverschiebungen zwischen Zugelement und Klemmplatten können bei Klemmplattenverankerungen zu einem Versagen der Verankerung unter dynamischer Beanspruchung führen. Wegen der aufwendigen Verankerungstechnik und der Gefahr eines frühzeitigen Versagens unter dynamischer Belastung ist zu erwarten, daß Klemmverankerungen keinen weiteren Einsatz finden werden.In clamping plate anchors, the tensile force is transmitted via frictional composite stresses from the tension element to the clamping plates. The contact pressure of the clamping plates can take into account the transverse pressure sensitivity of the tension elements be set from non-metallic fiber composite material so that the contact pressure in the load-bearing part of the anchorage is smaller than in the load distant part. As a result, a uniform force transmission and thus a high efficiency of anchoring is achieved. Relative displacements between the tension element and clamping plates can lead to anchorage failure under dynamic loading in the case of clamping plate anchors. Because of the elaborate anchoring technique and the risk of premature failure under dynamic loading, it is to be expected that clamping anchors will find no further use.
In zylindrischen Vergußverankerungen treten im lastnahen Teil der Verankerung höhere Schubspannungen zwischen Zugelement und Vergußmasse auf als im lastfernen Teil.In cylindrical grouting anchorages occur in the load-bearing part of the anchor higher shear stresses between tension element and potting compound than in the load distant part.
Die Ausführung einer zylindrischen Vergußverankerung als Klemmhülsenverankerung wird von Rostasy in der Zeitschrift Bauingenieur, Band 73, Seite 301, beschrieben. Bei dieser Verankerung wird das Zugelement aus Faserverbundwerkstoff in einer Stahlhülse mit einem Vergußmaterial durch Klebeverbund und Keile verankert. Diese Verankerung bewirkt eine starke Abnahme der Zugkraft im Bereich der Keilverankerung, da durch den Querdruck höhere Schubspannungen übertragen werden. Eine gleichmäßige Übertragung der Zugkraft vom Zugelement in die Verankerung ist jedoch mit der Klemmhülsenverankerung trotz ihrer aufwendigen Bauweise nicht ermöglicht.The execution of a cylindrical Vergussverankerung as clamping sleeve anchorage is described by Rostasy in the journal Civil Engineer, Volume 73, page 301. In this anchoring the tension element made of fiber composite material is anchored in a steel sleeve with a potting compound by adhesive bond and wedges. This anchoring causes a strong decrease of the tensile force in the area of the wedge anchorage, since higher shear stresses are transmitted by the transverse pressure. However, a uniform transmission of the tensile force from the tension element in the anchorage is not possible with the collet anchoring despite their complex design.
Der Querdruck in konischen Vergußverankerungen, bei welchen die kleinste Querschnittsfläche des Hohlraumes lastnah ist und somit die imaginäre Spitze des Konus lastnah angeordnet ist, erhöht die aufnehmbare Schubspannung zwischen Zugelement und Ankerkörper, kann aber auch zur frühzeitigen Zerstörung des Zugelements in der Verankerung führen, da Faserverbundwerkstoffe querdruckempfindlich sind.The transverse pressure in conical grouting anchors, in which the smallest cross-sectional area of the cavity is close to the load and thus the imaginary tip of the cone is arranged close to the load, increases the absorbable shear stress between tension element and anchor body, but can also for early destruction lead the tension element in the anchorage, since fiber composites are sensitive to transverse pressure.
In der WO 95/29308 ist eine konische Vergußverankerung für nichtmetallische Zugelemente aus Faserverbundwerkstoff beschrieben, die eine Ankerbüchse mit einem konischen Hohlraum, dessen geringste Querschnittsfläche lastnah und die größte Querschnittsfläche lastfern ist, und einen zwischen Ankerbüchse und Zugelementen angeordneten Ankerkörper aus einer Vergußmasse aufweist. Die Vergußmasse des Ankerkörpers weist entlang seiner Längserstreckung unterschiedlichen Elastizitätsmodul auf. Beim Eintritt des Zugelements in die Verankerung ist der Elastizitätsmodul der Vergußmasse gering und nimmt zum lastfernen Teil der Verankerung kontinuierlich zu. Mit dieser abgestuften Ausführung des Ankerkörpers soll eine gleichmäßigere Kraftübertragung vom Zugelement auf die Ankerbüchse erreicht werden. Das Herstellen eines Vergußmaterials in mehreren Schichten ist ein aufwendiger Prozeß.In WO 95/29308 a conical casting anchorage for non-metallic tensile elements of fiber composite material is described, which has an anchor sleeve with a conical cavity, the lowest cross-sectional area close to the load and the largest cross-sectional area Lastfern, and arranged between the anchor sleeve and tension elements anchor body of a potting compound. The potting compound of the anchor body has along its longitudinal extent different modulus of elasticity. When the tension element enters the anchorage, the modulus of elasticity of the casting compound is low and continuously increases towards the load-distant part of the anchorage. With this stepped version of the anchor body, a more uniform force transmission from the tension element to the anchor bushing is to be achieved. The production of a potting material in multiple layers is a complex process.
Die DE 27 05 483 A1 hat eine Vorrichtung zur Verankerung von Zuggliedern aus hochfesten Werkstoffen, insbesondere aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen zum Gegenstand. Sowohl der Ankerkörper als auch die Ankerbüchse weisen den selben Aufbau auf, wie er bei Zuggliedern aus Stahl vorliegt. Dadurch wird jedoch nicht dem spezifischen Festigkeitseigenschaften von faserverstärkten Kunststoffen Rechnung getragen, die zwar eine hohe Zugfestigkeit, jedoch eine geringe Festigkeit bei Querbeanspruchung besitzen.DE 27 05 483 A1 has a device for anchoring tension members of high-strength materials, in particular of fiber-reinforced plastics to the subject. Both the anchor body and the anchor bushing have the same structure as is the case with tension members made of steel. However, this does not take into account the specific strength properties of fiber reinforced plastics, which have high tensile strength but low transverse strength.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Verankerungsanordnung für ein oder mehrere Zugelemente aus nichtmetallischem Faserverbundwerkstoff zu schaffen, die einfach herzustellen ist und eine gleichmäßigere Kraftübertragung entlang des Zugelementes auf die Ankerbüchse erlaubt sowie ein hohes Standvermögen unter dynamischen Beanspruchungen ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is to provide an anchoring arrangement for one or more tension members made of non-metallic fiber composite, the is easy to manufacture and allows a more uniform force transmission along the tension element on the anchor sleeve and allows a high level of stability under dynamic loads.
Die erfindungsgemäße Verankerungsanordnung, aufweisend eine Ankerbüche, einen Ankerkörper und ein vorgespanntes und/oder belastetes Zugelement aus einem, insbesondere nichtmetallischen, Faserverbundwerkstoff, wobei die Zugkraft des Zugelementes über den Ankerkörper aus verfestigtem, insbesondere ausgehärtetem, Vergußmaterial auf die Ankerbüchse, die normal zur Achse des Zugelementes unterschiedliche Querschnittsflächen und eine innere Wandung der Ankerbüchse eine Profilierung aufweist, übertragbar ist, besteht im Wesentlichen darin, daß die Querschnittsfläche des Ankerkörpers normal zur Achse des Zugelementes im lastnahen Teil der Ankerbüchse größer ist, insbesondere einen maximalen Wert aufweist, und im lastfernen Teil kleiner ist.The anchoring arrangement according to the invention, comprising an anchor plate, an anchor body and a prestressed and / or loaded tension element of a, in particular non-metallic, fiber composite material, wherein the tensile force of the tension element over the anchor body of solidified, in particular hardened, potting on the anchor bushing, normal to the axis of Traction element different cross-sectional areas and an inner wall of the anchor box has a profiling, is transferable, consists essentially in the fact that the cross-sectional area of the anchor body is normal to the axis of the tension element in the close-load part of the anchor box larger, in particular has a maximum value, and smaller in the load distant part is.
Faserverbundwerkstoffe bestehen in der Regel aus nichtmetallischen Fasern, wie Glas, Kohlenstoff, Aramid oder anderen Kunststoffen, die gegenüber der atmosphärischen Beanspruchung eine besonders hohe Korrosionsfestigkeit aufweisen. Damit können Zugglieder mit einer derartigen Verankerung, wie sie für Bauwerke, wie beispielsweise Brücken, Hochbauten, aber auch Erd- oder Felsanker, eingesetzt werden, eine besonders hohe Beständigkeit aufweisen. Die nichtmetallischen Faserverbundwerkstoffe können zwar eine besonders hohe Zugfestigkeit aufweisen, jedoch ist die Festigkeit bei Querbeanspruchungen besonders gering. Um dem Rechnung zu tragen, erfolgt eine Festlegung der Zugelemente, insbesondere aus Faserverbundstoffen in einer Ankerbüchse mit einem Material, das in die Ankerbüchse fließfähig eingebracht werden kann, durch die keine Kräfte quer zur Längserstreckung der Zugelemente aufgebracht werden. Ist die Querschnittsfläche des Ankerkörpers normal zur Achse des Zugelementes im lastnahen Teil der Ankerbüchse größer, und weist sie insbesondere einen Maximalwert auf und im lastfernen Teil kleiner, so erweitert sich der Ankerkörper in Zugrichtung. Eine geometrische Verankerung des Ankerkörpers mit glatten Wänden in der Ankerbüchse könnte dadurch nicht eintreten. Um zu vermeiden, daß der Ankerkörper aus der Ankerbüchse herausgezogen wird, ist die innere Wandung der Ankerbüchse mit einer Profilierung ausgebildet. Somit sind die Kräfte, die vom Zugglied auf die Ankerbüchse ausgeübt werden, gleichmäßiger verteilt. Insbesondere ist im Bereich der größten Beanspruchung des Zuggliedes eine größere Masse des Ankerkörpers gegeben, so daß die Kräfte, die auf diesen ausgeübt werden, besser verteilt werden können.Fiber composites are usually made of non-metallic fibers, such as glass, carbon, aramid or other plastics, which have a particularly high corrosion resistance to the atmospheric stress. Thus, tension members with such anchoring, as they are used for structures such as bridges, buildings, but also earth or rock anchors, have a particularly high resistance. Although the non-metallic fiber composites may have a particularly high tensile strength, but the strength is particularly low in transverse stresses. To take this into account, a determination of the tension elements, in particular made of fiber composites in an anchor box with a material that can be introduced into the anchor box flowable through the no forces are applied transversely to the longitudinal extent of the tension elements. If the cross-sectional area of the anchor body normal to the axis of the tension element in the load-near part of the anchor box larger, and in particular has a maximum value and smaller in the load distant part, the anchor body widens in the pulling direction. A geometric anchoring of the anchor body with smooth walls in the anchor box could not occur. In order to avoid that the anchor body is pulled out of the anchor sleeve, the inner wall of the anchor sleeve is formed with a profiling. Thus, the forces exerted by the tension member on the anchor box, evenly distributed. In particular, in the area of greatest stress of the tension member given a larger mass of the anchor body, so that the forces exerted on this can be better distributed.
Sind die Profilierungen durch Rippen, Wülste, Einzüge, Abtreppungen, Vertiefungen oder Ausbuchtungen gebildet, so kann durch unterschiedliche Ausbildungen der Profilierung eine sichere Verankerung erreicht sein, wobei eine mechanische Verankerung des Ankerkörpers in der Ankerbüchse gewährleistet ist.Are the profiles formed by ribs, beads, indentations, Abtreppungen, wells or bulges, it can be achieved by different configurations of the profiling a secure anchoring, with a mechanical anchoring of the anchor body is ensured in the anchor box.
Sind zumindest zwei Zugelemente im Ankerkörper verankert, so kann eine besonders große Oberfläche zur Festlegung der Zugelemente im Ankerkörper vorliegen.If at least two tension elements are anchored in the anchor body, then a particularly large surface area can be present for fixing the tension elements in the anchor body.
Weist die Ankerbüchse zumindest zwei Ankerkörper zur Aufnahme der Zugelemente auf, so kann eine besonders hohe mechanische Verankerung der Zugelemente in der Ankerbüchse erreicht werden.If the anchor bushing has at least two anchor bodies for receiving the tension elements, a particularly high mechanical anchoring of the tension elements in the anchor bushing can be achieved.
Besteht das lastferne Ende der Ankerbüchse aus einer Platte und weist dieselbe zumindest ein lastaufnehmendes Element auf, das parallel, insbesondere parallel orientiert, zu dem/den Zugelement(en) ist, so kann eine besonders kraftaufnahmefähige Ankerbüchse erhalten werden.If the load-distal end of the anchor bushing consists of a plate and has the same at least one load-bearing element which is parallel, in particular oriented in parallel, to the tension element (s), a particularly force-absorbing anchor bushing can be obtained.
Ist die Zugfestigkeit des verfestigten, insbesondere erhärteten Vergußmaterials des Ankerkörpers, insbesondere erheblich, geringer als die Druckfestigkeit, so kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß Rißbildungen im Ankerkörper auftreten, die zu Druckstreben führen, welche die Kräfte auf die Ankerbüchse übertragen.If the tensile strength of the solidified, in particular hardened potting material of the anchor body, in particular considerably lower than the compressive strength, it can be achieved that cracks occur in the anchor body, which lead to compression struts, which transmit the forces to the anchor box.
Weist die innere Wandung der Ankerbüchse eine Beschichtung auf, die eine Verbindung mit dem Ankerkörper vermeidet, wodurch ein Gleiten des Ankerkörpers in der Ankerbüchse erreicht werden kann, und die Ankerbüchse keine Zugspannungen auf den Ankerkörper ausübt, so daß sich erneut Druckstreben ausbilden können.Does the inner wall of the anchor box on a coating which avoids a connection with the anchor body, whereby a sliding of the anchor body in the anchor sleeve can be achieved, and the anchor sleeve exerts no tensile stresses on the anchor body, so that again compression struts can form.
Ist die Wandstärke im lastnahen Teil der Ankerbüchse geringer als im lastfernen Teil, und ist die Ankerbüchse derartig abgestuft, daß bei der Übertragung der Zugkraft vom Zugelement über den Ankerkörper auf die Ankerbüchse die Beanspruchung des Zugelementes beim Eintritt in den Ankerkörper durch die Nachgiebigkeit im lastnahen Teil der Ankerbüchse reduziert wird, so ist ein besonders günstiger Ausgleich der Kräfte zwischen der Ankerbüchse und dem Ankerkörper und damit der Beanspruchung der Zugelemente gegeben.If the wall thickness in the load-bearing part of the anchor box is less than in the part distant from the load, and the anchor box is stepped such that in the transmission of the tensile force from the tension member via the anchor body on the anchor box, the stress of the tension element when entering the anchor body by the compliance in the load-near part the anchor sleeve is reduced, so a particularly favorable compensation of the forces between the anchor sleeve and the anchor body and thus the stress of the tension elements is given.
Ist der Ankerkörper im lastfernen Teil der Ankerbüchse zylinderförmig ausgebildet, so kann ein besonders langer Ankerkörper erhalten werden, welcher für die Nachstellbarkeit besonders günstig ist.If the anchor body in the off-load part of the anchor sleeve is cylindrical, then a particularly long anchor body can be obtained which is particularly favorable for adjustability.
Ist das verfestigte, insbesondere erhärtete, Vergußmaterial durch eine, insbesondere variable, Zugkraft derartig belastbar, daß es kriecht, so kann eine gleichmäßigere Kraftübertragung vom Zugelement über das Vergußmaterial auf die Ankerbüchse durch die bleibende Verformung des Vergußmaterials erreicht werden.If the solidified, in particular hardened, potting material by such a, in particular variable, tensile force so strong that it creeps, a more uniform force transmission from the tension element on the potting on the anchor bushing can be achieved by the permanent deformation of the potting material.
Ist das verfestigte, insbesondere erhärtete, Vergußmaterial bei erhöhter Temperatur durch eine über längere Zeit einwirkende, insbesondere variable, Zugkraft belastbar, so kann eine gleichmäßigere Übertragung der Kräfte von dem Zugelement über die Vergußmasse, welche einer bleibenden Verformung unterworfen wurde, auf die Ankerbüchse erreicht werden.If the solidified, in particular hardened, potting material can be loaded at elevated temperature by a tensile force which acts over a longer period of time, in particular by a variable load, a more uniform transmission of the forces from the tension element can take place on the potting compound, which has been subjected to a permanent deformation can be achieved on the anchor box.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ankerbüchse mit zumindest einem Hohlraum mit innerer Wandung, welcher an zumindest einem Ende offen ist, wobei die Querschnittsfläche des Hohlraumes normal zur Längsrichtung desselben variiert, und die innere Wandung eine Profilierung aufweist, die sich quer, insbesondere normal, zur Längsrichtung des Hohlraumes erstreckt, besteht im Wesentlichen darin, daß die Ankerbüchse an einem Ende abgeschlossen ist, wobei dieses Ende verringerte Querschnittsflächen des Hohlraumes aufweist. Durch die unterschiedlichen Querschnittsflächen des Hohlraumes ist es ermöglicht, daß Ankerbüchsen mit einer konischen Fläche derartig angeordnet werden können, daß der größte Querschnitt lastnah liegt, womit eine besonders günstige Aufnahme der Kräfte ermöglicht ist, da die größte Kraftaufnahme am Beginn der Ankerbüchse, also am lastnahen Teil liegt, wohingegen die geringsten Kräfte am lastfernen Teil der Ankerbüchse übertragen werden. Gegen eine derartige Anordnung des Hohlraumes besteht offensichtlich ein Vorurteil, da das Bestreben vorherrscht, eine großflächige mechanische Verankerung eines Vergußkörpers in der Ankerbüchse zu erlangen. Weist die Wandung eine Profilierung auf, die sich quer, insbesondere normal, zur Längsrichtung des Hohlraumes erstreckt, so kann damit erreicht werden, daß durch diese Profilierung eine mechanische Verankerung der Zugelemente über die Vergußmasse vorliegt.The anchor bush according to the invention with at least one cavity having an inner wall which is open at at least one end, wherein the cross-sectional area of the cavity varies normal to the longitudinal direction thereof, and the inner wall has a profiling which extends transversely, in particular normal, to the longitudinal direction of the cavity , Essentially, is that the anchor sleeve is closed at one end, said end having reduced cross-sectional areas of the cavity. Due to the different cross-sectional areas of the cavity, it is possible that anchor boxes can be arranged with a conical surface such that the largest cross-section is close to the load, whereby a particularly favorable absorption of forces is possible because the largest power at the beginning of the anchor box, so close to the load Part lies, whereas the lowest forces are transferred to the load distant part of the anchor box. Against such an arrangement of the cavity is obviously a prejudice, since the tendency prevails to obtain a large-scale mechanical anchoring of a potting in the anchor box. Does the wall on a profiling, which extends transversely, in particular normal, to the longitudinal direction of the cavity, so it can be achieved that is present by this profiling a mechanical anchoring of the tension elements on the sealing compound.
Ist die Ankerbüchse an einem Ende abgeschlossen, wobei dieses Ende verringerte Querschnittsflächen des Hohlraumes aufweist, so sind besonders hohe Festigkeiten für die Ankerbüchse gewährleistet, wodurch eine geringere Dimensionierung derselben bei gleicher Kraftaufnahme ermöglicht ist.If the anchor bushing is closed at one end, this end having reduced cross-sectional areas of the cavity, then particularly high strengths are ensured for the anchor bush, whereby a smaller dimensioning of the same with the same power is possible.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 2
- einen Querschnitt längs der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- einen Längsschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 4
- einen Längsschnitt einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 5
- einen Längsschnitt einer vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 6
- einen Längsschnitt einer fünften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 7
- einen Querschnitt längs der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 6,
- Fig. 8
- einen Längsschnitt einer sechsten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung,
- Fig. 9
- einen Querschnitt längs der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 8,
- Fig. 10
- einen Längsschnitt einer siebenten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung und
- Fig. 11
- einen Querschnitt längs der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 10.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section of an anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a cross section along the line II-II in Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 4
- a longitudinal section of a third embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 5
- a longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 6
- a longitudinal section of a fifth embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 7
- a cross section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6,
- Fig. 8
- a longitudinal section of a sixth embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention,
- Fig. 9
- a cross section along the line IX-IX in Fig. 8,
- Fig. 10
- a longitudinal section of a seventh embodiment of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention and
- Fig. 11
- a cross section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 10.
Ein Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt.A longitudinal section through a first embodiment of an anchoring arrangement according to the invention is shown in FIG.
Die Ankerbüchse 4 besteht aus Stahl und wurde mittels Fräswerkzeugen hergestellt. Es können jedoch auch solche aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen eingesetzt werden. Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Verankerungsanordnung ist an der Außenseite über ein Gewinde 49 mit einer Ringmutter 50 verbunden.The
Der Ankerkörper 6 besteht aus einem ausgehärteten Vergußmaterial 3. Beispiele für das Vergußmaterial sind Epoxidharze, Dywipox (eingetragene Marke der Firma Dyckerhoff Systems International, München). Gutes Verbundverhalten zwischen dem Zugelement 2 und dem Ankerkörper 6 ist erforderlich, um die Zugkraft vom Zugglied 1 mit nur einem Zugelement 2 auf den Ankerkörper 6 zu übertragen. Das Zugglied ist mit Kohlefasern mit einem Durchmesser von 10 µm, die über Epoxidharze verbunden sind, aufgebaut. Als Fasern können auch solche aus anorganischem Glas, Aramid od. dgl. eingesetzt werden. Derartige Zugelemente können beispielsweise von den Firmen Stesalit AG (Schweiz), Nedri Spanstaal BV (Niederlande) und Toray Industries Inc. (Japan) bezogen werden.The
Der Ankerkörper 6 der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Verankerung weist die Form eines Kegelstumpfes auf. In einem Querschnitt durch den lastnahen Teil 41 der Verankerung gemäß Fig. 2 weist der Ankerkörper 6 eine größere Querschnittsfläche auf als in einem Querschnitt im lastfernen Teil 42 der Verankerung. Durch diese geometrische Formgebung des Ankerkörpers 6 wird erreicht, daß die Verbundspannungen zwischen Zugelement 2 und Ankerkörper 6 gleichmäßiger verteilt sind als in einer zylindrischen oder konischen Vergußverankerung herkömmlicher Art.The
Die Ankerbüchse 4 dient als Form für die Fertigung des Ankerkörpers 6. Die innere Wandung 44 der Ankerbüchse 4 muß so beschaffen sein, daß der Ankerkörper 6 bei Belastung des Zugelements 2 nicht aus der Ankerbüchse 4 gezogen wird. Eine geeignete Bearbeitung der inneren Wandung 44 der Ankerbüchse 4 weist eine Profilierung 45 der Oberfläche auf.The
In Fig. 3 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Die innere Wandung 44 der Ankerbüchse 4 ist mit Abtreppungen 46 versehen, auf die sich der Ankerkörper 6 bei Belastung des Zugelementes 2 abstützt. Durch eine geeignete Formgebung der Abtreppungen 46 bezüglich Abstand und Neigung zum Zugelement 2 kann der Schubspannungsverlauf entlang des Zugelementes 2 beeinflußt werden. Es können damit auch mehrere kegelstumpfförmige Ausbildungen erreicht werden, die lastnah einen kleineren Querschnitt als lastfern aufweisen, so daß ein mechanisches Festklemmen des Zuggliedes im Ankerkörper erreicht wird.In Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 is shown in a modified embodiment. The
In Fig. 4 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Die Fläche des Ankerkörpers 6 normal zum Zugelement 2 nimmt im lastnahen Teil der Verankerung 41 stetig zu und ist im lastfernen Teil 42 konstant. Diese Verankerungsanordnung stellt somit eine Erweiterung der bekannten zylindrischen Vergußverankerungen dar. Die bei zylindrischen Verankerungen auftretende Erhöhung der Schubspannung im lastnahen Teil 41 der Verankerung wird durch die Aufweitung des Ankerkörpers 6 gemäß Fig. 4 abgebaut. Die Ankerbüchse 4 der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Verankerung weist eine Profilierung 45 der inneren Wandung 44 auf und gibt die Kraft auf eine Ankerplatte 60 ab.In Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment. The surface of the
In Fig. 5 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Die innere Wandung 44 der Ankerbüchse 4 weist nur eine Abtreppung 46 auf, die einen wesentlichen Teil der Kraft aufnimmt. Der verbleibende Teil der Kraft wird über den Ankerkörper 6 auf die Profilierung 45 der inneren Wandung 44 der Ankerbüchse 4 abgegeben.In Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment. The
In Fig. 6 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Das Zugglied 1 besteht aus drei Zugelementen 2 aus Faserverbundwerkstoff, die in einem konischen Ankerkörper 6 eingebettet sind. Die Wanddicke d im lastnahen Teil 41 der Ankerbüchse 4 ist bei dieser Verankerungsanordnung so dünn ausgebildet, daß durch die Nachgiebigkeit der Ankerbüchse 4 eine Beeinflussung des Schubspannungsverlaufes zwischen Zugelement 2 und Ankerkörper 6 erreicht wird. Ein Schnitt längs der Linie VII-VII durch den lastnahen Teil 41 der Verankerungsanordnung ist in Fig. 7 dargestellt.FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment. The
In Fig. 8 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Das Zugglied 1 besteht aus drei Zugelementen 2 aus Faserverbundwerkstoff. Jedes Zugelement 2 ist in jeweils einem konischen Ankerkörper 6 eingebettet. Die Ankerkörper 6 sind bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 8 parallel zur Achse des Zuggliedes 1 angeordnet. Ein Schnitt längs der Linie IX-IX durch die Verankerungsanordnung ist in Fig. 9 dargestellt.FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment. The
In Fig. 10 ist ein Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Verankerungsanordnung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Das Zugglied 1 besteht aus sechs Zugelementen 2 aus Faserverbundwerkstoff. Die Ankerbüchse 4 weist am lastfernen Ende eine Platte 70 auf, an die ein lastaufnehmendes Element 80 aufweist. Die Zugelemente 2 geben die Kraft über Verbundspannungen an den im lastnahen Teil 41 aufgeweiteten Ankerkörper 6 ab. Der Ankerkörper 6 überträgt die Zugkraft auf die innere Wandung 44 und das lastaufnehmende Element 80, welches wie ein Dorn in den Ankerkörper 6 hineinragt. Ein Schnitt längs der Linie XI-XI durch die Verankerungsanordnung ist in Fig. 11 dargestellt.FIG. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the anchoring arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a modified embodiment. The
Durch die Ausnutzung nichtlinearer Effekte, wie z. B. des Kriechverhaltens des Vergußmaterials 3, insbesondere unter erhöhter Temperatur gegenüber der Raumtemperatur, kann eine weitere Vergleichmäßigung der Schubspannungen längs des Zugelementes 2 erreicht werden. Durch die Formgebung des Ankerkörpers 6 in Kombination mit dem Vergußmaterial 3, das unterschiedliche Festigkeiten bei Druck- und Zugbeanspruchung aufweist, kann der Spannungszustand in der Verankerungsanordnung gezielt beeinflußt werden.By exploiting nonlinear effects such. As the creep behavior of the
Um eine ausschließlich mechanische Verankerung zu erreichen, kann die Wandung mit einem Trennmittel, z. B. Silikonöl, vor dem Eingießen des flüssigen Vergußmaterials in die Ankerbüchse versehen werden, so daß keine adhäsive Bindung eintritt.To achieve an exclusively mechanical anchoring, the wall with a release agent, for. As silicone oil, are provided before pouring the liquid potting material into the anchor box, so that no adhesive bonding occurs.
Die Form des Ankerkörpers 6 ist nicht beschränkt auf die in Fig. 1 bis 11 dargestellten Formen. Insbesondere könnten auch im Querschnitt nicht kreisförmige Verankerungskörper 6 ausgebildet werden, die eine Übertragung der Zugkraft mit längs des Zugelementes 2 gleichförmig verteilten Schubspannungen ermöglichen.The shape of the
Claims (12)
- Anchoring arrangement, having an anchor sleeve (4), an anchor body (6) and a pretensioned and/or loaded tension element (1, 2) made of an, in particular non-metallic, composite fibre material, wherein the tensile force of the tension element (1, 2) can be transmitted via the anchor body (6) made of reinforced, in particular hardened, cast material (3) to the anchor sleeve (4) which, perpendicular to the axis of the tension element, has different cross-sectional faces and an inner wall (44) of the anchor sleeve (4) has profiling (45), characterised in that the cross-sectional face of the anchor body (6), perpendicular to the axis of the tension element (2) is greater in the part (41) of the anchor sleeve (4) close to the load, in particular has a maximum value, and is smaller in the part (42) remote from the load.
- Anchoring arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the profiling (45) is formed by ribs, beads, indents, steps (46), recesses or bulges.
- Anchoring arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least two tension elements (2) are anchored in the anchor body (6).
- Anchoring arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the anchor sleeve (4) has at least two anchor bodies (6) to receive the tension elements (2).
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the end (42) of the anchor sleeve (4) remote from the load consists of a plate (70) and in that this plate (70) has at least one load-receiving element (80), parallel, in particular oriented in parallel, to the tension element(s) (2).
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the tensile strength of the reinforced, in particular hardened, cast material (3) of the anchor body (6), is, in particular substantially, less than the compressive strength.
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the inner wall (44) of the anchor sleeve (4) has a coating, which avoids an adhesive connection of the anchor body (6) to the anchor sleeve (4).
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the wall thickness in the part (41) of the anchor sleeve (4), which is close to the load, is smaller than in the part (42), which is remote from the load, and in that the anchor sleeve (4) is stepped in such a way that when the tensile force is transmitted from the tension element (2) via the anchor body (6) to the anchor sleeve (4), the stressing of the tension element (2) on entry into the anchor body (6) is reduced by the flexibility in the part (41) of the anchor sleeve (4) close to the load.
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the anchor body (6) in the part (42) of the anchor sleeve (4), which is remote from the load, is cylindrical.
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the reinforced, in particular hardened, cast material (3) is loadable by an, in particular variable, tensile force, in such a way that it creeps.
- Anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the reinforced, in particular hardened, cast material (3) is loadable at an elevated temperature by an, in particular variable, tensile force, which acts over a relatively long time, in such a way that it creeps.
- Anchoring sleeve (4) for an anchoring arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 11, with at least one cavity with an inner wall (44), which is open at at least one end, wherein the cross-sectional face of the cavity perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof, varies, and the inner wall (44) has a profiling (45), which extends transversely, in particular perpendicularly, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the cavity, characterised in that the anchor sleeve (4) is closed at one end, this end having reduced cross-sectional faces of the cavity.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10010564A DE10010564C1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2000-03-03 | Anchoring for pretensioned or loaded tractive component of fiber compound material transmits component tractive forcce to anchor bush via anchor body of hardened cast material |
DE10010564 | 2000-03-03 | ||
PCT/AT2001/000043 WO2001065023A1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-02-21 | Anchoring for a pre-tensioned and/or loaded strength member and anchor sleeve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1259679A1 EP1259679A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
EP1259679B1 true EP1259679B1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
Family
ID=7633487
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01907227A Expired - Lifetime EP1259679B1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-02-21 | Anchoring for a pre-tensioned and/or loaded strength member and anchor sleeve |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1259679B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE331857T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001235228A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10010564C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001065023A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102644242A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-22 | 上海方济减震器材有限公司 | Tooth-shaped wedge block of guy cable rubber damper |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2003271451A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-21 | University Of Waterloo | Tension anchorage system |
AT412564B (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2005-04-25 | Burtscher Stefan L Dipl Ing Dr | Anchoring for pre-tensioned and/or stressed tensile elements comprises a wedge and anchoring body formed by at least two wedge-shaped layers lying over each other |
DE102004038082B4 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2008-02-28 | Technische Universität Dresden | Anchoring fiber reinforced tie rods |
DE102005038541A1 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-03-01 | Kollegger, Johann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Prestressed tensile structures made of fiber concrete and textile-reinforced concrete |
DE102009016693A1 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-14 | Thomas Friedrich | Anchor sleeve for the anchoring of prestressed reinforcement elements |
DE102010010347A1 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-08 | Hermann Weiher | Device for anchoring tension members |
EP2631392A1 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-28 | Sika Technology AG | Device for the application of force to tension members from fiber-reinforced plastic plates |
DE102014200153B4 (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2022-02-17 | Rud Ketten Rieger & Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Kg | Tension rod made of fiber-reinforced plastic with fibers reaching around at least one flange body |
WO2018081895A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-11 | Al Mayah Adil | Anchor system for fiber reinforced polymers |
CN112469873B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2022-09-20 | 碳连接股份公司 | Anchor sleeve and anchor system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3099109A (en) * | 1958-03-01 | 1963-07-30 | Zueblin Ag | Device for anchoring tensioning elements |
DE2705483A1 (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-08-17 | Bayer Ag | Rigid strand tension members anchoring assembly - has anchor unit of binding material closely following member and socket deformations |
FR2686916A1 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-06 | Sif Entreprise Bachy | DEVICE FOR ANCHORING A BEAM OF FIBROUS JONCS. |
US5713169A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1998-02-03 | Eidgenossische Materialprufungsund Forschungsanstalt EMPA | Anchorage device for high-performance fiber composite cables |
-
2000
- 2000-03-03 DE DE10010564A patent/DE10010564C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-21 WO PCT/AT2001/000043 patent/WO2001065023A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-21 AU AU2001235228A patent/AU2001235228A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-21 AT AT01907227T patent/ATE331857T1/en active
- 2001-02-21 DE DE50110337T patent/DE50110337D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-21 EP EP01907227A patent/EP1259679B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102644242A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-22 | 上海方济减震器材有限公司 | Tooth-shaped wedge block of guy cable rubber damper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1259679A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
AU2001235228A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
WO2001065023A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
DE10010564C1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
ATE331857T1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
DE50110337D1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
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