EP1250532B1 - Plant building for an installation and method for operating a plant building - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive plant building comprises a purification chamber (6) and a pump chamber (4) with a pump (14) for cooling water. Said pump chamber directly adjoins the purification chamber (6) and the geometry of the pump chamber is such that disturbing swirls are avoided while the installation is in operation, due to the high speed of the coolant. The direct proximity of the two chambers to each other results in lower cost due to the elimination of the usual steadying zones.

Description

The invention relates to a plant building for a plant, in particular for a power generation plant which has a Pump chamber and a cleaning chamber for cooling water has. The invention further relates to a method of operation of the company building.

In an industrial plant, especially at a power plant for power generation, is for the operation of the plant Cooling water necessary. A typical example of the use cooling water is the cooling of steam in a cooling tower a power plant. This is generally the cooling water taken from a natural reservoir, for example a river or lake, first cleaned in the cleaning chamber, then arranged over the pump chamber with a there Pump to be pumped to plant components. at Large-scale plants is the delivery rate of the pumping system several cubic meters of cooling water per second. Accordingly voluminous are the flow paths, the cleaning facilities for cleaning the cooling water, the pump chamber and in particular the pump is formed. For a safe and permanent trouble-free operation of the pump is the Zuströmverhalten the coolant to the pump crucial. In particular, this is a possible vortex-free inflow required in the pump.

Due to the design, the cleaning chamber and its outlet cross section usually very narrow and highly trained, whereas the cleaning chamber downstream of the cleaning chamber Pump chamber wide and flat and for example is designed as a covered pump chamber. Already due these extremely different chamber geometries as well as due of internals in or in the flow direction after the Cleaning chamber experiences the coolant turbulence. Around To prevent these turbulence or swirls to the training of surface or bottom vortices disturbing the pump is usually between the cleaning chamber and the pump chamber provided a calming section. These has a considerable amount of space, resulting in the Costs in the construction of the operating building negatively reflected.

In the book Lueger "Encyclopedia of Technology", 4th edition; Volume 6: Lexikon der Energietechnik und Kraftmaschinen, A-K, ed. v. Rudolf von Miller, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt GmbH, Stuttgart, 1965, pages 666-667 and pages 669-670, is a company building disclosed for a plant for power generation. The factory building has a pump chamber for arranging a Pump for cooling water and a cleaning chamber on. The factory building is an intake structure on a clear water with a number of inlet chambers designed so that the Water the individual inlet chambers evenly and as possible inverted vortex and that the bottom of the water by the inflowing water is not stirred up or damaged.

In the article "Pumping stations and heavy duty raw water pumps for the cooling of industrial complexes and power plants "by Courcot, P., Goudy, G. and Lapray, J. F., GEL Alstom Technical Review No. 12-1993; Paris; ISSN: 1148-2893 a pump arrangement is disclosed in which an otherwise usual calming section between the cleaning chamber and the pump chamber may be omitted, but excluding a rotating screening device is provided. In this The state of the art is in particular the formation of interfering Whirling in the cooling water flow is not reliably avoided.

The invention is based on the object, a business building for a plant and a procedure for the operation of an operating building specify where safe plant operation guaranteed at low production costs of the plant is.

For the invention of the solution related to the operating building Task assigns this a pump chamber to the arrangement a pump for cooling water and a cleaning chamber, wherein the pump chamber is directly adjacent to the cleaning chamber connects, the pump chamber with the cleaning chamber Connected via an inlet opening to which a connects obliquely to the chamber side wall extending wall region and the flow area for the into the pump chamber inflowing coolant by means of one in the pump chamber mounted pump is tapered, leaving the coolant to avoid disturbing vortexes a flow velocity from about 2 to 3 m / s.

The invention is based on the surprising finding from that the cleaning chamber immediately in front of the pump chamber can be arranged, that is, the usual calming sections can be omitted without disturbing in the pump chamber Vortex, especially surface vortex occur. The Avoidance of the vortices can namely already by the called functional geometric design of the pump chamber achieve that at a comparatively high flow rate leads. This relationship between Flow velocity and vortex formation surprised because previously assumed that only exactly the opposite Way is promising, namely to avoid of whirling the lowest possible speed adjust. The height of a sufficient flow velocity depends on several factors, especially of the amount of cooling liquid to be pumped. At big industrial Systems with a pumping capacity of several cubic meters So far, there has been one flow velocity per second provided in about 0.5m / s in the calming section. To avoid the vortex is a compared to this Flow rate set higher, in particular is between about 2-3 m / s.

A decisive advantage of this embodiment is to see that a discontinuation of the calming section at a reduced Construction volume of the company building and thus too clearly reduced production costs for the company building leads.

The chamber geometry can be designed such that the Operation the flow velocity of the cooling liquid during Entry into the pump chamber is increased.

In conventional systems and in the case described here Plant are the flow rates for the cooling water within a disposed in the cleaning chamber Cleaning machine in about 1m / s. While with conventional Attach this flow rate through the calming sections reduced at the inlet to the pump chamber to about 0.5 m / s is, in contrast, according to the present embodiment for the formation of a sufficiently high flow velocity an increase in speed is provided.

To an inlet opening, through which the cooling water into the pump chamber flows in, an oblique closes to the chamber side wall extending wall area. So that's in the pump chamber Backflow spaces avoided, which is a typical cause for the formation of vertebrae are.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the pump chamber designed for such a positioning of the pump, that by the displacing action of a pump tube a detachment of the flow from the wall in spite of the usually large expansion angle in the inflow of the pump chamber reliably prevented. -

When the pump is mounted, the flow cross section tapers for the coolant flowing into the pump chamber. there It is possible that the diameter of the pump tube in a wide range varies, so both pumps with small pipe diameter and high impeller speed as well Pumps with large pipe diameter and low impeller speed can be used in the same chamber. Of the Pipe diameter and the impeller speed are doing so chosen that a low so-called "required holding pressure level" (NPSH) to avoid so-called cavitation, So the training and the abrupt collapse of vapor bubbles, is reached. For this purpose, in particular the distance the center of the axis of the pump from the chamber rear wall and the ground clearance the pump suction bell as a function of the suction cup diameter and the chamber size set.

• Eine in etwa senkrecht zu der Einströmungsrichtung des Kühlwassers verlaufende Leitschwelle am Kammerboden im Bereich der Pumpe, die insbesondere zur Strömungsumleitung in Richtung zur Pumpe dient;
• Eine am Kammerboden angeordnete und in etwa in Richtung der Einströmungsrichtung verlaufende Längsschwelle als Strömungswiderstand für Bodenwirbel;
• eine Fortführung der Längsschwelle an der Kammerrückwand als insbesondere senkrecht verlaufende Wandschwelle;
• eine Beabstandung der Wandschwelle von einer Kammerdecke der Pumpenkammer, die als gedeckte Pumpenkammer ausgeführt ist, um zur Vermeidung von Wirbeln eine ausreichende Umströmung der Pumpe zu gewährleisten;
• Die Kammerseitenwände gehen, ähnlich wie im Einlaufbereich, über schräg verlaufende Wandbereiche in die rückwärtigen Kammerwände über.
• Der Kammerboden ist zur Kammerrückwand abgeschrägt.
• In der Einlauföffnung zur Pumpenkammer sind insbesondere senkrecht zum Kammerboden verlaufende Längsbleche angeordnet.
• Der Innenraum der Pumpenkammer ist bei Bedarf über eine strömungstechnische Verbindung von außen zugänglich, die zur weiteren Entnahme von Kühlwasser oder auch zur Messung von Kühlmitteleigenschaften herangezogen wird. Eine Kühlwasserentnahme ist beispielsweise zu Löschzwecken oder zu temporären Reinigungszwecken mittels Kühlwasser vorgesehen. Üblicherweise werden hierzu Pumpen in der Pumpenkammer oder in der Beruhigungsstrecke angeordnet. Diese wirken jedoch als Strömungswiderstand und sind oft ursächlich für die Ausbildung von Oberflächenwirbeln. Mit der strömungstechnischen Verbindung über die Kammerwand ist die Anordnung solcher Pumpen im Innenraum hinfällig.
• Bei Verwendung von sogenannten Rohrgehäusepumpen, bei denen das Pumpenrohr durch eine Kammerdecke der Pumpenkammer geführt wird, können zusätzlich oder alternativ größere Mengen von Zusatzwasser oberhalb der Kammerecke abgezogen werden. Dieses Wasser verlässt die Pumpenkammer durch einen Ringspalt zwischen Pumpenrohr und Kammerdecke.

To avoid wall and floor vortices and to obtain an acceptable velocity profile in the pump tube, in preferred embodiments, the pump chamber alternatively and preferably in combination has the following features:

• An approximately perpendicular to the inflow direction of the cooling water extending threshold on the chamber bottom in the region of the pump, which serves in particular for flow diversion in the direction of the pump;
• A arranged at the bottom of the chamber and extending in approximately in the direction of inflow longitudinal threshold as a flow resistance for ground vertebrae;
• a continuation of the longitudinal threshold on the chamber rear wall as a particular perpendicular wall barrier;
• a spacing of the wall sill of a chamber cover of the pump chamber, which is designed as a covered pump chamber, to ensure sufficient flow around the pump to avoid whirling;
• The chamber side walls go, as in the inlet area, over oblique wall areas in the rear chamber walls.
• The chamber floor is chamfered to the back of the chamber.
• In the inlet opening to the pump chamber in particular perpendicular to the chamber bottom extending longitudinal plates are arranged.
• If required, the interior of the pump chamber can be accessed from the outside via a fluidic connection, which is used for the further removal of cooling water or else for the measurement of coolant properties. A cooling water extraction is provided for example for extinguishing purposes or for temporary cleaning purposes by means of cooling water. Usually, for this purpose, pumps are arranged in the pump chamber or in the calming section. However, these act as flow resistance and are often the cause of the formation of surface vortices. With the fluidic connection via the chamber wall, the arrangement of such pumps in the interior is obsolete.
• When using so-called tubular casing pumps in which the pump tube is passed through a chamber ceiling of the pump chamber, in addition or alternatively, larger amounts of make-up water can be withdrawn above the chamber corner. This water leaves the pump chamber through an annular gap between pump tube and chamber cover.

In addition to the special provisions in the pump chamber itself are in preferred embodiments also in the cleaning chamber vortex-avoiding as well as flow-calming and - Complementary measures taken to equalize contribute to the flow. For this purpose, the cleaning chamber, Similar to the pump chamber in the inlet area to Pump chamber sloping side walls. Farther a cleaning device is preferably immediately before arranged and encloses the inlet opening of the pump chamber this completely. This cleaning device preferably has on its side facing away from the pump chamber Strömungsleitbleche on.

An alternative embodiment is preferably by the Achieved training of the pump as a concrete spiral housing pump, wherein the concrete spiral housing the chamber ceiling of the pump chamber forms. The concrete spiral housing pump has it preferably via a suction tube, which projects into the pump chamber.

To solve the problem related to the method is in accordance with the invention in an operating building with a pump chamber and a pump arranged therein for cooling water as well with a cleaning chamber immediately adjacent to the pump chamber cleaned the cooling water in the cleaning chamber and then flows into the pump chamber with a Flow rate of about 2 to 3 m / s so that disturbing Vortex be avoided.

The advantages listed with regard to the operating building and preferred embodiments can be mutatis mutandis transfer the procedure.

FIG 1

eine ausschnittsweise seitliche Schnittdarstellung durch ein Betriebsgebäude,

FIG 2

ebenfalls eine ausschnittsweise seitliche Schnittdarstellung durch ein Betriebsgebäude mit einer Betonspiralgehäusepumpe, und

FIG 3

eine Aufsicht auf einen horizontalen Schnitt durch eine Pumpenkammer.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In each case show in schematic representations:

FIG. 1

a partial side sectional view through an operating building,

FIG. 2

likewise a partial sectional side view through an operating building with a concrete spiral housing pump, and

FIG. 3

a plan view of a horizontal section through a pump chamber.

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, an operating building 2 for a in particular large-scale plant, such as a Power plant for power generation, a pump chamber 4 and a Cleaning chamber 6, which directly above each other a common chamber wall 8 adjacent. The cleaning chamber 6 and the pump chamber 4 are fluidically over an inlet opening 10 with each other in connection. The pump chamber 4 is designed as a so-called covered pump chamber and has a chamber cover 28. In the pump chamber 4 is a spaced from the chamber bottom 12 pump 14 with a pump tube 16 arranged. This is to form an annular gap 29 passed through the chamber ceiling 28. In the pump chamber 4, the end of the pump tube 16 is closed by a suction bell 17 on. Unlike the ordinary separate Pump 14 according to FIG. 1 is the pump according to FIG. 2 as a concrete spiral housing pump 14a trained. This has a concrete spiral housing which is inserted through into the building structure Concrete components 19 or formed by the building structure itself is. From the concrete scroll housing pump 14a extends a suction tube 20 with end-mounted suction cup 17 in the pump chamber 4, so that the suction cup 17 in a for the operation is favorable altitude.

In the cleaning chamber 6 is immediately in front of the inlet opening 10 and this completely covering a cleaning device for the cooling water in the form of a filter or a Screen device 22 is arranged. She is in particular as one so-called sieve belt machine trained. This has a circumferential Sieve belt with several sieve surfaces 24 on, in the Area of the inlet opening 10 for cleaning cooling water serve and in the upper part of the wire belt machine, for example be cleaned by spraying. The sieve device 22 are preferably further not shown Cleaning devices upstream.

The cooling water is usually a natural reservoir removed, passes through an inflow opening 26 in the cleaning chamber 6, is cleaned there and then by the Inlet opening 10 is sucked into the pump chamber 4 of the pump 14. The operating building 2 is in relation to the water level of the reservoir arranged such that when a natural Fluctuation of the water level between a high water level H and a low water level N the suction cup 17, so the inflow of the pump 14, sufficient covered with cooling water. Because with too little coverage the quality of the flow deteriorates Pump tube 16. This is especially true when the water level under the chamber ceiling 28 drops. This situation is therefore only for special cases of operation and for a limited Time is allowed, for example when starting the pump 14, when the water to the operating building 2 through a long Channel or a long pipe is supplied. A sufficiently high coverage also helps the so-called cavitation to avoid, therefore, the training and the abrupt collapse of vapor bubbles to form a material damaging Pressure wave. The illustrated embodiment of the pump chamber 4 as a covered pump chamber with the chamber ceiling 28 counteracts the formation of surface whirls.

The special precautions to avoid whirling will be explained below with reference to FIG 1 and FIG 3. As of FIG 3 can be seen, which extends to the inlet opening 10 adjoining wall portion 30 obliquely to the chamber side wall 32, which in turn has a rear sloping Wall portion 30a merges into the chamber rear wall 34. On the Chamber bottom 12 is a barrier 36 and a longitudinal threshold 38 arranged, which has a triangular cross-sectional area have and forming a cross forming each other are. The longitudinal threshold 38 extends in the inflow direction 40 of the cooling water. The Leitschwelle 36 serves in the first Line for diverting the coolant into the pump 14. See it is, as it can be seen from FIG 1, preferably something arranged in front of the pump axis 42. The threshold threshold 36 and the longitudinal threshold 38 may have the same profile or different Profile or have different dimensions. The longitudinal threshold 38 serves to prevent soil, swirl. It is continued in a wall sill 44, the extends vertically upwards on the chamber rear wall 34, but is spaced from the chamber ceiling 28 to a sufficient To allow flow around the pump 14 with coolant. The wall sill 44 is essentially for the lighter Redirecting the flowing coolant to the pump.

In the rear region of the pump chamber 4 is the chamber bottom 12 to the rear wall portions 30a and the chamber rear wall 34 beveled over a corner balancing 46, the in 1 shows a dashed line. He serves to improve the diversion of the bottom flow and reduces the degree of turbulence the flow in this area. Generally speaking the pump chamber 4 characterized in that they despite use even Boundary surfaces the flow does not change abruptly and in spite of the unusually high speed level achieved a low degree of turbulence in the pump tube 16. By the arrangement of bevels in critical areas can be the Pump chamber 4 therefore referred to as largely edge free become. The typical flow paths of the cooling liquid are represented in the figures by dashed arrow lines. On a corner offset in the bottom area of the inlet opening 10 is omitted according to FIG 1, since there by itself a stable flow vortex 48 is formed, the so-called "hydraulic ball bearing" like a stable roller acts, allowing the remaining flow over the flow vortex 48 flows substantially unaffected. A reduction of the flow vortex 48 can be e.g. by a moderate bevel of the bottom portion of the inlet opening 10th to reach.

In particular, the inclined front wall portion 30 avoids one Demolition of the flow from the chamber wall. This will not work last achieved by the displacement effect of the pump tube 14, which is determined by the size and position of the Pump 14 is determined in relation to the wall portions 30. In particular, the flow cross-section for the cooling liquid reduced following the inlet opening 10, so that an increase in the flow rate occurs. This prevents on the one hand the demolition of the flow and helps thus already to avoid whirling. Due to the high Speed levels of the flow will also be easier and reliably achieves that no particular Form stationary flow vortex at the surface. Such stationary flow vortices only form then stable when a sufficiently steady flow occurs. This is precisely the essential feature of the chamber geometry, that such a comparatively calm flow is avoided. At normal water level N the chamber ceiling leads 28 to improve the speed distribution in the pump tube 16.

To be in the most critical area in the transition between cleaning chamber 6 and pump chamber 4 disturbances from the screening device 22 effectively prevent, here are longitudinal plates 50th arranged substantially perpendicular to the chamber bottom 12th are aligned. For a suitable flow guidance also the side walls 52 of the cleaning chamber 6 to the inlet opening 10 bevelled. Furthermore, the screening device 22 at its inlet opening 10 facing away from the end flow baffles 54 on, at the front of the screening device 22 straight or at an oblique angle to this are arranged at the edge.

In the chamber wall 8, preferably in the region of the wall areas 30, are fluidic connections 56 to the interior the pump chamber 4 is provided. About this can be cooling water are removed from the pump chamber 4 without pumps must be introduced into the interior of the pump chamber 4, which negatively affect the flow of coolant. About the Fluidic connection 56 may also include measurements such as a level measurement, without affecting the flow in the pump chamber 4 are made. Alternatively or in addition can in the embodiment of FIG 1, ie when using a so-called tubular casing pump, a larger amount of cooling water can be removed. It flows the cooling water through the annular gap 29 between chamber ceiling 28th and pump tube 16.

By the measures described above becomes more reliable Train the formation of both floor vortices and surface vortices avoided. Decisive for this is the high Speed level in the pump chamber 4. In addition to the essential Advantage of the waiver on the calming section can the pump chamber 4 also with a comparatively small Cooling water coverage of the pump 14 reliably operated become. Because the danger of the formation of surface whirls is compared to conventional designs significantly reduced. Even when falling below the low Water level N on a reduced water level R, the For example, when starting up may occur and under the level of the chamber ceiling 28 may fall, is the cooling water flow sufficiently stable in the pump chamber 4. The necessary amount of coverage is therefore essentially only determined by the cavitation problem. by virtue of the reduced coverage reduces the necessary Overall height of the operating building 2, so that the manufacturing cost are kept low.

Claims (16)

1. Operations building (2) for a plant, in particular for a power-generation plant, having a pump chamber (4) for arranging a pump (14) for cooling water, and having a cleaning chamber (6), the pump chamber (4) directly adjoining the cleaning chamber (6), characterized in that the pump chamber (4) is connected to the cleaning chamber (6) via an intake opening (10), which is adjoined by a wall region (30) which runs obliquely in relation to the chamber side wall (32) and in that the flow cross section for the cooling liquid flowing into the pump chamber (4) is tapered by means of a pump (14) mounted in the pump chamber (4), so that the cooling liquid, in order to avoid disruptive vortices, has a flow speed of approximately 2 to 3 m/s.
2. Building (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the chamber base (12) of the pump chamber (4) has a directing sill (36), running approximately perpendicularly to the inflow direction (40) of the cooling water, in the region of the pump (14) for deflecting the flow in the direction of the pump (14).
3. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber base (12) of the pump chamber (4) has a longitudinal sill (38), running approximately in the direction of the inflow direction (40) of the cooling water, as flow resistance for base vortices.
4. Building (2) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal sill (38) is continued on the chamber rear wall (34) as a wall sill (44).
5. Building (2) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the pump chamber (4) is designed as a covered pump chamber (4) with a chamber ceiling (28), and in that the wall sill (44) is spaced apart from the chamber cover (28).
6. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber side walls (32) merge into the chamber rear wall (34) via obliquely running rear wall regions (30a).
7. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chamber base (12) in the rear region of the pump chamber (4) is bevelled in relation to the chamber wall (30a, 32, 34).
8. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that longitudinal plates (50) are arranged in the intake opening (10) to the pump chamber (4).
9. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior of the pump chamber (4) is accessible via a flow-connection (56).
10. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump chamber (4) has a chamber ceiling (28) through which a pump tube (16) is guided, an annular gap (29) being formed in the process, with the result that cooling water can be withdrawn from the pump chamber (4) via the annular gap (29).
11. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning chamber (6) has obliquely running side walls (52) in the region oriented towards the pump chamber (4).
12. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the cleaning chamber (6), a cleaning arrangement (22) is arranged immediately in front of the intake opening (10) to the pump chamber (4).
13. Building (2) according to Claim 12, characterized in that a flow-directing plate (54) is provided on the cleaning arrangement (22).
14. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump (14) is designed as a concrete spiral casing pump (14a), the concrete spiral casing (18) forming the chamber ceiling (28) of the pump chamber (4).
15. Building (2) according to one of the preceding claims, which is designed for a delivery capacity in the order of magnitude of approximately one cubic metre to a number of cubic metres of cooling water per second.
16. Method of operating an operations building (2) for a plant, in particular for a power-generation plant, the operations building (2) having a pump chamber (4) with a pump (14) for cooling water, and having a cleaning chamber (6) directly adjacent to the pump chamber (4), and the cooling water being cleaned in the cleaning chamber (6), characterized in that, in order to avoid vortices, the cooling liquid flows into the pump chamber (4) at a flow speed of approximately 2 to 3 m/s.

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