EP1247879A2 - Tool for turning of titanium alloys - Google Patents

Tool for turning of titanium alloys Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1247879A2
EP1247879A2 EP02007465A EP02007465A EP1247879A2 EP 1247879 A2 EP1247879 A2 EP 1247879A2 EP 02007465 A EP02007465 A EP 02007465A EP 02007465 A EP02007465 A EP 02007465A EP 1247879 A2 EP1247879 A2 EP 1247879A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turning
insert
titanium alloys
tool
cemented carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02007465A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1247879A3 (en
Inventor
Ingemar Hessman
Björn OLSSON
Carl-Göran Petersson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik Intellectual Property AB
Original Assignee
Sandvik AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik AB filed Critical Sandvik AB
Publication of EP1247879A2 publication Critical patent/EP1247879A2/en
Publication of EP1247879A3 publication Critical patent/EP1247879A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/10—Process of turning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to turning of components of titanium alloys. More particularly, the present invention relates to using inserts with reduced contact length and with an additional heat treatment resulting in an unexpected increase in tool life and in productivity.
  • Modern high efficiency engines for aircrafts and gas turbines are made of titanium based alloys. Such alloys are generally divided into three groups often referred to as alpha, alpha+beta and beta alloys. Alloying elements such as Al, V, Sn stabilise the various types of alloys and modify their properties.
  • Uncoated cemented carbide is normally used for the machining of titanium alloys because such uncoated cemented carbides prevent contamination of the titanium alloy component, provide wear resistance, toughness and good high temperature properties.
  • a cemented carbide with about 6% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m is considered to be the optimum material for machining of titanium alloys.
  • Wet machining is used in order to minimise the generation of heat, thereby increasing the tool life. Dry machining often results in shorter tool life compared to wet machining.
  • Length of primary land as defined in US 5,897,272 1-2 times feed rate depending on deformation conditions of the material being machined.
  • Typical wear mechanisms are uneven flank wear, chipping of the edge, notch wear and built-up edge, all leading to a bad surface finish of the turned component and failure of the cutting edge.
  • the main reason for tool change is risk of tool breakdown and damage to the turned component.
  • the present invention relates to turning of titanium based alloys such as the alpha or alpha+beta type, for example, Ti 6 Al 4 V, with coolant and preferably with high pressure coolant under the following conditions:
  • the cemented carbide cutting tool insert consists of or comprises 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC with an average grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m. At least the functioning parts of the insert surface, preferably >50 %, more preferably >75 %, most preferably all of the insert surface is covered with a thin 0.5-8 ⁇ m, preferably 2-5 ⁇ m, most preferably about 3 ⁇ m Co-layer.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool inserts for turning of titanium alloys consisting of or comprising 5-7 wt-% Co and rest WC. After grinding to final shape and dimensions the inserts are heat treated at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50% CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250°C shall be 4-5°C/min.
  • Cutting tool inserts similar to Coromant H10A of style RCGT 200600 containing 6 wt-% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m were ground to final dimensions and after that subjected to a heat treatment at 1400°C for 45 min. in an atmosphere of Ar+20% CO at a total pressure of 60 mbar.
  • the cooling rate to below 1250 °C was 4.5 °C/min.
  • the insert surface was to 80 % covered with a 3 ⁇ m Co-layer. (invention)
  • Inserts A and B were used for turning of a Ti 6 Al 4 V-component under the following conditions: Operation Semiroughing Cutting speed See table below. Feed 0.7 mm/rev Depth of cut 4 mm Max chip thickness 0.36 mm Ultra high pressure coolant at 400 bar Tool life/insert is shown in the table Tool life criterion: Unacceptable surface finish and risk for tool break down. Tool life/insert, min Insert A B B Length of primary land, mm 0.12 0.12 0.7 Angle of primary land, ° -10 -10 -10 60 m/min 12 10 7 80 m/min 10 8 6 100 m/min 8 6 4
  • Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with reduced length of the primary length gives a longer tool life, which is further improved with an additional heat treatment of the inserts after grinding to final dimension.
  • a higher productivity is achieved with less problems in production and less frequent changes of tools.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

An insert for turning of titanium is provided. By using inserts with a reduced length of primary land compared to prior art an unexpected increase in tool life and productivity has been obtained. Said positive results are further improved by subjecting the inserts to an additional heat treatment after grinding to final shape and dimension.

Description

  • The present invention relates generally to turning of components of titanium alloys. More particularly, the present invention relates to using inserts with reduced contact length and with an additional heat treatment resulting in an unexpected increase in tool life and in productivity.
  • Modern high efficiency engines for aircrafts and gas turbines are made of titanium based alloys. Such alloys are generally divided into three groups often referred to as alpha, alpha+beta and beta alloys. Alloying elements such as Al, V, Sn stabilise the various types of alloys and modify their properties.
  • Uncoated cemented carbide is normally used for the machining of titanium alloys because such uncoated cemented carbides prevent contamination of the titanium alloy component, provide wear resistance, toughness and good high temperature properties. A cemented carbide with about 6% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 µm is considered to be the optimum material for machining of titanium alloys. Wet machining is used in order to minimise the generation of heat, thereby increasing the tool life. Dry machining often results in shorter tool life compared to wet machining.
  • Normal cutting data are:
  • Geometry: Round inserts with about 20 mm diameter.
  • Cutting speed = 40-60 m/min
  • Feed rate = 0.3-0.4 mm
  • Depth of cut = 0.5-10.0 mm
  • Length of primary land as defined in US 5,897,272 : 1-2 times feed rate depending on deformation conditions of the material being machined.
  • Typical wear mechanisms are uneven flank wear, chipping of the edge, notch wear and built-up edge, all leading to a bad surface finish of the turned component and failure of the cutting edge. The main reason for tool change is risk of tool breakdown and damage to the turned component.
  • It is an object of the present invention to develop tool solutions with a longer tool lives and less frequent tool changes.
  • It has now surprisingly been found that wet, high-pressure coolant machining using an uncoated cemented carbide cutting tool provided with a particular length of its primary land preferably having an additional heat treatment provides longer tool life and increased productivity. The problem with the dominating discontinuous wear mechanisms like uneven flank wear, chipping of edge have been found to be strongly reduced.
  • The present invention relates to turning of titanium based alloys such as the alpha or alpha+beta type, for example, Ti6Al4V, with coolant and preferably with high pressure coolant under the following conditions:
  • Geometry = Round insert diameter 10-25 mm, preferably diameter 20 mm
  • Length of primary land, mm: = 0.05-0.25, preferably 0.1-0.20, most preferably 0.12
  • Angle of primary land, °= -20 - +10, preferably -10 - 0, most preferably -10
  • Speed = 50-150, preferably 80-100 m/min
  • Feed = 0.2-0.7, preferably 0.30-0.60 mm
  • Depth of cut = 0.5-10 mm preferably 3-6 mm
  • Max-chip thickness, preferably 0.3-0.5 mm
  • Coolant with pressure 100-500 bar, preferably 200-400 bar.
  • The cemented carbide cutting tool insert consists of or comprises 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC with an average grain size of 1-2 µm. At least the functioning parts of the insert surface, preferably >50 %, more preferably >75 %, most preferably all of the insert surface is covered with a thin 0.5-8 µm, preferably 2-5 µm, most preferably about 3 µm Co-layer.
  • The present invention also relates to a method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool inserts for turning of titanium alloys consisting of or comprising 5-7 wt-% Co and rest WC. After grinding to final shape and dimensions the inserts are heat treated at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50% CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250°C shall be 4-5°C/min.
    • Example
  • A. Cutting tool inserts similar to Coromant H10A of style RCGT 200600 containing 6 wt-% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 µm were ground to final dimensions and after that subjected to a heat treatment at 1400°C for 45 min. in an atmosphere of Ar+20% CO at a total pressure of 60 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250 °C was 4.5 °C/min. The insert surface was to 80 % covered with a 3 µm Co-layer. (invention)
    • B. Same as A but without heat treatment
  • Inserts A and B were used for turning of a Ti6Al4V-component under the following conditions:
    Operation Semiroughing
    Cutting speed See table below.
    Feed 0.7 mm/rev
    Depth of cut 4 mm
    Max chip thickness 0.36 mm
       Ultra high pressure coolant at 400 bar
       Tool life/insert is shown in the table
       Tool life criterion: Unacceptable surface finish and risk for tool break down.
       Tool life/insert, min
    Insert A B B
    Length of primary land, mm 0.12 0.12 0.7
    Angle of primary land, ° -10 -10 -10
    60 m/min 12 10 7
    80 m/min 10 8 6
    100 m/min 8 6 4
    • Conclusions
  • Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with reduced length of the primary length gives a longer tool life, which is further improved with an additional heat treatment of the inserts after grinding to final dimension. Thus a higher productivity is achieved with less problems in production and less frequent changes of tools.

Claims (4)

  1. Cemented carbide cutting tool insert for turning of titanium alloys consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in the surface of said insert is at least partly, preferably >50 %, covered with a thin 0.5-8 µm layer of Co.
  2. Method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool insert for turning of titanium alloys consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in heat treating the insert after sintering and grinding to final shape and dimensions at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50 % CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar and cooling to below 1250 °C with a rate of 4-5 °C/min.
  3. Method of turning titanium alloys using cemented carbide cutting tool insert consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in the following conditions:
    Length of primary land: = 0.05-0.25 mm
    Angle of primary land = -20° - +10°
    Cutting speed: 50-150 m/min
    Feed rate: 0.3-0.6 mm and
    Cutting depth: 0.5-10 mm.
  4. Method according to claim 3 characterised in using a coolant with a pressure of 100-500 bar, preferably 200-400 bar.
EP02007465A 2001-04-05 2002-03-30 Tool for turning of titanium alloys Withdrawn EP1247879A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0101241A SE0101241D0 (en) 2001-04-05 2001-04-05 Tool for turning of titanium alloys
SE0101241 2001-04-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247879A2 true EP1247879A2 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247879A3 EP1247879A3 (en) 2003-01-08

Family

ID=20283710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02007465A Withdrawn EP1247879A3 (en) 2001-04-05 2002-03-30 Tool for turning of titanium alloys

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20020174750A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1247879A3 (en)
JP (1) JP2003001505A (en)
KR (1) KR20020079468A (en)
IL (1) IL148979A (en)
SE (1) SE0101241D0 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8512807B2 (en) 2008-12-10 2013-08-20 Seco Tools Ab Method of making cutting tool inserts with high demands on dimensional accuracy
DE112006000769C5 (en) 2005-03-28 2022-08-18 Kyocera Corporation Carbide and cutting tool

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE0700602L (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-14 Sandvik Intellectual Property Carbide inserts and method of manufacturing the same
CN101838727B (en) * 2010-05-24 2012-11-28 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 Heat treatment method for carbide blade base
JP7203019B2 (en) * 2016-09-30 2023-01-12 サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ Machining method for Ti, Ti alloys and Ni-based alloys
WO2021241021A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2021240995A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 住友電気工業株式会社 Base material and cutting tool
WO2022172729A1 (en) * 2021-02-15 2022-08-18 住友電気工業株式会社 Cemented carbide and cutting tool which comprises same as base material
CN114277299B (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-10-04 九江金鹭硬质合金有限公司 High-hardness hard alloy lath capable of resisting welding cracking

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US5145739A (en) * 1990-07-12 1992-09-08 Sarin Vinod K Abrasion resistant coated articles
US5649279A (en) * 1992-12-18 1997-07-15 Sandvik Ab Cemented carbide with binder phase enriched surface zone
US5897272A (en) * 1994-07-05 1999-04-27 Sandvik Ab Cutting insert having a micro ridge chip breaker

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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5106674A (en) * 1988-10-31 1992-04-21 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Blade member of tungsten-carbide-based cemented carbide for cutting tools and process for producing same
US5145739A (en) * 1990-07-12 1992-09-08 Sarin Vinod K Abrasion resistant coated articles
US5649279A (en) * 1992-12-18 1997-07-15 Sandvik Ab Cemented carbide with binder phase enriched surface zone
US5897272A (en) * 1994-07-05 1999-04-27 Sandvik Ab Cutting insert having a micro ridge chip breaker

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE112006000769C5 (en) 2005-03-28 2022-08-18 Kyocera Corporation Carbide and cutting tool
US8512807B2 (en) 2008-12-10 2013-08-20 Seco Tools Ab Method of making cutting tool inserts with high demands on dimensional accuracy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL148979A (en) 2007-07-04
US20060078737A1 (en) 2006-04-13
SE0101241D0 (en) 2001-04-05
IL148979A0 (en) 2002-11-10
KR20020079468A (en) 2002-10-19
US20020174750A1 (en) 2002-11-28
EP1247879A3 (en) 2003-01-08
JP2003001505A (en) 2003-01-08

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