EP1247879A2 - Tool for turning of titanium alloys - Google Patents
Tool for turning of titanium alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1247879A2 EP1247879A2 EP02007465A EP02007465A EP1247879A2 EP 1247879 A2 EP1247879 A2 EP 1247879A2 EP 02007465 A EP02007465 A EP 02007465A EP 02007465 A EP02007465 A EP 02007465A EP 1247879 A2 EP1247879 A2 EP 1247879A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turning
- insert
- titanium alloys
- tool
- cemented carbide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/10—Process of turning
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to turning of components of titanium alloys. More particularly, the present invention relates to using inserts with reduced contact length and with an additional heat treatment resulting in an unexpected increase in tool life and in productivity.
- Modern high efficiency engines for aircrafts and gas turbines are made of titanium based alloys. Such alloys are generally divided into three groups often referred to as alpha, alpha+beta and beta alloys. Alloying elements such as Al, V, Sn stabilise the various types of alloys and modify their properties.
- Uncoated cemented carbide is normally used for the machining of titanium alloys because such uncoated cemented carbides prevent contamination of the titanium alloy component, provide wear resistance, toughness and good high temperature properties.
- a cemented carbide with about 6% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m is considered to be the optimum material for machining of titanium alloys.
- Wet machining is used in order to minimise the generation of heat, thereby increasing the tool life. Dry machining often results in shorter tool life compared to wet machining.
- Length of primary land as defined in US 5,897,272 1-2 times feed rate depending on deformation conditions of the material being machined.
- Typical wear mechanisms are uneven flank wear, chipping of the edge, notch wear and built-up edge, all leading to a bad surface finish of the turned component and failure of the cutting edge.
- the main reason for tool change is risk of tool breakdown and damage to the turned component.
- the present invention relates to turning of titanium based alloys such as the alpha or alpha+beta type, for example, Ti 6 Al 4 V, with coolant and preferably with high pressure coolant under the following conditions:
- the cemented carbide cutting tool insert consists of or comprises 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC with an average grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m. At least the functioning parts of the insert surface, preferably >50 %, more preferably >75 %, most preferably all of the insert surface is covered with a thin 0.5-8 ⁇ m, preferably 2-5 ⁇ m, most preferably about 3 ⁇ m Co-layer.
- the present invention also relates to a method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool inserts for turning of titanium alloys consisting of or comprising 5-7 wt-% Co and rest WC. After grinding to final shape and dimensions the inserts are heat treated at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50% CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250°C shall be 4-5°C/min.
- Cutting tool inserts similar to Coromant H10A of style RCGT 200600 containing 6 wt-% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 ⁇ m were ground to final dimensions and after that subjected to a heat treatment at 1400°C for 45 min. in an atmosphere of Ar+20% CO at a total pressure of 60 mbar.
- the cooling rate to below 1250 °C was 4.5 °C/min.
- the insert surface was to 80 % covered with a 3 ⁇ m Co-layer. (invention)
- Inserts A and B were used for turning of a Ti 6 Al 4 V-component under the following conditions: Operation Semiroughing Cutting speed See table below. Feed 0.7 mm/rev Depth of cut 4 mm Max chip thickness 0.36 mm Ultra high pressure coolant at 400 bar Tool life/insert is shown in the table Tool life criterion: Unacceptable surface finish and risk for tool break down. Tool life/insert, min Insert A B B Length of primary land, mm 0.12 0.12 0.7 Angle of primary land, ° -10 -10 -10 60 m/min 12 10 7 80 m/min 10 8 6 100 m/min 8 6 4
- Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with reduced length of the primary length gives a longer tool life, which is further improved with an additional heat treatment of the inserts after grinding to final dimension.
- a higher productivity is achieved with less problems in production and less frequent changes of tools.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates generally to turning of components of titanium alloys. More particularly, the present invention relates to using inserts with reduced contact length and with an additional heat treatment resulting in an unexpected increase in tool life and in productivity.
- Modern high efficiency engines for aircrafts and gas turbines are made of titanium based alloys. Such alloys are generally divided into three groups often referred to as alpha, alpha+beta and beta alloys. Alloying elements such as Al, V, Sn stabilise the various types of alloys and modify their properties.
- Uncoated cemented carbide is normally used for the machining of titanium alloys because such uncoated cemented carbides prevent contamination of the titanium alloy component, provide wear resistance, toughness and good high temperature properties. A cemented carbide with about 6% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 µm is considered to be the optimum material for machining of titanium alloys. Wet machining is used in order to minimise the generation of heat, thereby increasing the tool life. Dry machining often results in shorter tool life compared to wet machining.
- Normal cutting data are:
- Geometry: Round inserts with about 20 mm diameter.
- Cutting speed = 40-60 m/min
- Feed rate = 0.3-0.4 mm
- Depth of cut = 0.5-10.0 mm
-
- Length of primary land as defined in US 5,897,272 : 1-2 times feed rate depending on deformation conditions of the material being machined.
- Typical wear mechanisms are uneven flank wear, chipping of the edge, notch wear and built-up edge, all leading to a bad surface finish of the turned component and failure of the cutting edge. The main reason for tool change is risk of tool breakdown and damage to the turned component.
- It is an object of the present invention to develop tool solutions with a longer tool lives and less frequent tool changes.
- It has now surprisingly been found that wet, high-pressure coolant machining using an uncoated cemented carbide cutting tool provided with a particular length of its primary land preferably having an additional heat treatment provides longer tool life and increased productivity. The problem with the dominating discontinuous wear mechanisms like uneven flank wear, chipping of edge have been found to be strongly reduced.
- The present invention relates to turning of titanium based alloys such as the alpha or alpha+beta type, for example, Ti6Al4V, with coolant and preferably with high pressure coolant under the following conditions:
- Geometry = Round insert diameter 10-25 mm, preferably diameter 20 mm
- Length of primary land, mm: = 0.05-0.25, preferably 0.1-0.20, most preferably 0.12
- Angle of primary land, °= -20 - +10, preferably -10 - 0, most preferably -10
- Speed = 50-150, preferably 80-100 m/min
- Feed = 0.2-0.7, preferably 0.30-0.60 mm
- Depth of cut = 0.5-10 mm preferably 3-6 mm
- Max-chip thickness, preferably 0.3-0.5 mm
- Coolant with pressure 100-500 bar, preferably 200-400 bar.
-
- The cemented carbide cutting tool insert consists of or comprises 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC with an average grain size of 1-2 µm. At least the functioning parts of the insert surface, preferably >50 %, more preferably >75 %, most preferably all of the insert surface is covered with a thin 0.5-8 µm, preferably 2-5 µm, most preferably about 3 µm Co-layer.
- The present invention also relates to a method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool inserts for turning of titanium alloys consisting of or comprising 5-7 wt-% Co and rest WC. After grinding to final shape and dimensions the inserts are heat treated at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50% CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250°C shall be 4-5°C/min.
- A. Cutting tool inserts similar to Coromant H10A of style RCGT 200600 containing 6 wt-% Co and rest WC with a grain size of 1-2 µm were ground to final dimensions and after that subjected to a heat treatment at 1400°C for 45 min. in an atmosphere of Ar+20% CO at a total pressure of 60 mbar. The cooling rate to below 1250 °C was 4.5 °C/min. The insert surface was to 80 % covered with a 3 µm Co-layer. (invention)
- Inserts A and B were used for turning of a Ti6Al4V-component under the following conditions:
Operation Semiroughing Cutting speed See table below. Feed 0.7 mm/rev Depth of cut 4 mm Max chip thickness 0.36 mm
Tool life/insert is shown in the table
Tool life criterion: Unacceptable surface finish and risk for tool break down.
Tool life/insert, minInsert A B B Length of primary land, mm 0.12 0.12 0.7 Angle of primary land, ° -10 -10 -10 60 m/min 12 10 7 80 m/min 10 8 6 100 m/min 8 6 4 - Cemented carbide cutting tool inserts with reduced length of the primary length gives a longer tool life, which is further improved with an additional heat treatment of the inserts after grinding to final dimension. Thus a higher productivity is achieved with less problems in production and less frequent changes of tools.
Claims (4)
- Cemented carbide cutting tool insert for turning of titanium alloys consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in the surface of said insert is at least partly, preferably >50 %, covered with a thin 0.5-8 µm layer of Co.
- Method of making a cemented carbide cutting tool insert for turning of titanium alloys consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in heat treating the insert after sintering and grinding to final shape and dimensions at 1375-1425 °C for 0.5-1.5 h, preferably 0.5-1 h in an atmosphere of Ar+25-50 % CO at a total pressure of 50-100 mbar and cooling to below 1250 °C with a rate of 4-5 °C/min.
- Method of turning titanium alloys using cemented carbide cutting tool insert consisting of 5-7 wt-% Co and remainder WC characterised in the following conditions:Length of primary land: = 0.05-0.25 mmAngle of primary land = -20° - +10°Cutting speed: 50-150 m/minFeed rate: 0.3-0.6 mm andCutting depth: 0.5-10 mm.
- Method according to claim 3 characterised in using a coolant with a pressure of 100-500 bar, preferably 200-400 bar.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0101241A SE0101241D0 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2001-04-05 | Tool for turning of titanium alloys |
SE0101241 | 2001-04-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1247879A2 true EP1247879A2 (en) | 2002-10-09 |
EP1247879A3 EP1247879A3 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=20283710
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02007465A Withdrawn EP1247879A3 (en) | 2001-04-05 | 2002-03-30 | Tool for turning of titanium alloys |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20020174750A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1247879A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003001505A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020079468A (en) |
IL (1) | IL148979A (en) |
SE (1) | SE0101241D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8512807B2 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2013-08-20 | Seco Tools Ab | Method of making cutting tool inserts with high demands on dimensional accuracy |
DE112006000769C5 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2022-08-18 | Kyocera Corporation | Carbide and cutting tool |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE0700602L (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-14 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Carbide inserts and method of manufacturing the same |
CN101838727B (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method for carbide blade base |
JP7203019B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2023-01-12 | サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ | Machining method for Ti, Ti alloys and Ni-based alloys |
WO2021241021A1 (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Cutting tool |
WO2021240995A1 (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Base material and cutting tool |
WO2022172729A1 (en) * | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-18 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Cemented carbide and cutting tool which comprises same as base material |
CN114277299B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-10-04 | 九江金鹭硬质合金有限公司 | High-hardness hard alloy lath capable of resisting welding cracking |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5106674A (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1992-04-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Blade member of tungsten-carbide-based cemented carbide for cutting tools and process for producing same |
US5145739A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-09-08 | Sarin Vinod K | Abrasion resistant coated articles |
US5649279A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1997-07-15 | Sandvik Ab | Cemented carbide with binder phase enriched surface zone |
US5897272A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1999-04-27 | Sandvik Ab | Cutting insert having a micro ridge chip breaker |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SE338698C (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1977-10-17 | Sandvik Ab | FOR CUTTING PROCESSING OF STEEL, CAST IRON OR SIMILAR PROPOSED SPOONS |
US3947616A (en) * | 1973-09-27 | 1976-03-30 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Process for producing cobalt coated refractory metal carbides |
DE2435989C2 (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1982-06-24 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Process for the production of a wear-resistant, coated hard metal body for machining purposes |
JPS54132412A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-15 | Fujikoshi Kk | Production of sintered body for brazing use |
CA1248519A (en) * | 1984-04-03 | 1989-01-10 | Tetsuo Nakai | Composite tool and a process for the production of the same |
JPS63169356A (en) * | 1987-01-05 | 1988-07-13 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Surface-tempered sintered alloy and its production |
CA1319497C (en) * | 1988-04-12 | 1993-06-29 | Minoru Nakano | Surface-coated cemented carbide and a process for the production of the same |
US5066553A (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1991-11-19 | Mitsubishi Metal Corporation | Surface-coated tool member of tungsten carbide based cemented carbide |
US5250367A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1993-10-05 | Kennametal Inc. | Binder enriched CVD and PVD coated cutting tool |
SE500049C2 (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1994-03-28 | Sandvik Ab | Cemented carbide body with increased toughness for mineral felling and ways of making it |
US5310605A (en) * | 1992-08-25 | 1994-05-10 | Valenite Inc. | Surface-toughened cemented carbide bodies and method of manufacture |
US5681651A (en) * | 1992-11-27 | 1997-10-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Multilayer coated hard alloy cutting tool |
US5494635A (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1996-02-27 | Valenite Inc. | Stratified enriched zones formed by the gas phase carburization and the slow cooling of cemented carbide substrates, and methods of manufacture |
SE513959C2 (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 2000-12-04 | Sandvik Ab | Method of coating cemented carbide tool cutters |
SE509566C2 (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1999-02-08 | Sandvik Ab | sintering Method |
US5976707A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1999-11-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Cutting insert and method of making the same |
US5955186A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1999-09-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Coated cutting insert with A C porosity substrate having non-stratified surface binder enrichment |
-
2001
- 2001-04-05 SE SE0101241A patent/SE0101241D0/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-03-30 EP EP02007465A patent/EP1247879A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-02 US US10/112,941 patent/US20020174750A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-03 JP JP2002101408A patent/JP2003001505A/en active Pending
- 2002-04-04 KR KR1020020018445A patent/KR20020079468A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-04 IL IL148979A patent/IL148979A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-11-21 US US11/282,637 patent/US20060078737A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5106674A (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1992-04-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Blade member of tungsten-carbide-based cemented carbide for cutting tools and process for producing same |
US5145739A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-09-08 | Sarin Vinod K | Abrasion resistant coated articles |
US5649279A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1997-07-15 | Sandvik Ab | Cemented carbide with binder phase enriched surface zone |
US5897272A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1999-04-27 | Sandvik Ab | Cutting insert having a micro ridge chip breaker |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE112006000769C5 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2022-08-18 | Kyocera Corporation | Carbide and cutting tool |
US8512807B2 (en) | 2008-12-10 | 2013-08-20 | Seco Tools Ab | Method of making cutting tool inserts with high demands on dimensional accuracy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL148979A (en) | 2007-07-04 |
US20060078737A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
SE0101241D0 (en) | 2001-04-05 |
IL148979A0 (en) | 2002-11-10 |
KR20020079468A (en) | 2002-10-19 |
US20020174750A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
EP1247879A3 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
JP2003001505A (en) | 2003-01-08 |
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