EP1245775B1 - Plastic section member - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a metal-plastic composite profile with an insulating web in the form of a plastic profile, which is optionally formed with one or more, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profile hollow chambers.

Plastic profiles are known in many different ways and are used, for example, as structural elements (eg frame profiles) for the production of windows, window walls, doors, façade elements, etc., in particular also as elements for the production of frame profiles.

In these applications, the plastic profiles are structurally designed so that they can absorb or transmit compressive and tensile stresses and bending moments with limited deflection. EP 0063234 A1 shows such a plastic profile.

In order to achieve sufficient rigidity, the profiles used as frame profiles are stiffened in retrospect still by einzuschiebende metal profiles.

In addition, it was possible to take into account the mechanical requirements in frame profiles within certain limits, that the profile cross-section was increased, which is disadvantageous in glass-carrying constructions, however, as the frame portion increases and the glass content is reduced.

By choosing the material to be used, however, already the maximum load for the component and thus the maximum size, eg a window has been determined.

If higher loads to be transferred were then to be accommodated, it was necessary, in particular when using plastic profiles and short-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics, to insert metal profiles or pultrudates for reinforcement into the interior of hollow chamber (s).

Overall, this leads to significantly more complex and expensive manufacturing methods and complicates the more demanded simple recycling of the profiles after the useful life of the respective component.

A problem in the processing of such profiles is also that the reinforcements in the formation of corner areas can not be welded as the profile itself, but either must remain without connection or must be made with a separate technology using complex corner connectors.

Plastic profiles as Isolierstege were previously limited due to lack of mechanical strength in their function to ensure a defined distance from metal profiles. Therefore, they could not be considered as a single component in static calculations. Such an insulating bar is eg off DE 4409315 A1 known.

Object of the present invention is to propose a metal-plastic composite profile, which is based on a plastic profile that can be produced with a simple manufacturing process, which is easy to handle even in further processing and can be considered as a single component in static calculations.

This object is achieved by a metal-plastic composite profile according to claim 1.

1. (a) eine maximale Biegesteifigkeit des Kunststoffprofils resultiert und
2. (b) eine minimale Beeinträchtigung des Wärmewiderstandes verursacht wird.

The partial volume or partial volumes are selected and arranged so that

1. (A) a maximum bending stiffness of the plastic profile results and
2. (b) causing a minimum deterioration of the thermal resistance.

Preferably, the continuous fiber strands are extruded in two parallel outer walls of the profile.

If necessary, a continuous fiber strand can also be extruded in a load-bearing transverse wall of the profile.

In the context of the present invention, when extruding from a fiber strand is considered, it is always to be understood that at least one fiber strand, but if necessary two or more fiber strands in the same wall, can be extruded.

The fiber strands in the form of fiber ribbons used according to the invention are obtained by combining a bundle of reinforcing fibers which are held together by a matrix of a first plastic material.

This can be achieved by impregnating the bundle of initially loose reinforcing fibers with the first plastic material or by mixing the reinforcing fibers with plastic fibers and melting the latter by passing the entire fiber bundle through a heating station so that the plastic fibers form a matrix holding the reinforcing fibers together.

The fibers for the fiber strands are not necessarily continuous fibers, but may also be presented and processed in the form of rovings, mats, braids or the like.

Depending on the type and extent of the expected mechanical loads on the component, fiber strands can be combined into one or more parts during the production of the plastic profile incorporate several load-bearing walls of the profile, without the geometry of the component itself would have to be changed at higher loads.

In addition, by the appropriate choice of the fiber materials of the fiber strand additionally the possibility of changing the mechanical strength of the component produced from the profiles without changing the geometry of the component.

A further adaptation of the strength values of the plastic profile to the respective requirements can additionally be achieved by changing the number of fiber strands arranged in a load-bearing wall or several walls.

Finally, the number of fibers per fiber strand can be varied to meet changed strength requirements.

Thus, in the fiber-reinforced plastic profile used according to the invention, the product of modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia can be precisely adjusted to the respective application without requiring changes to the geometry of the plastic profile or even its size.

Frequently, the plastic profiles used in the invention will be present as hollow plastic profiles, wherein the load-bearing wall is an outer wall of the hollow chamber or one of the hollow chambers of such a profile.

Due to the achievable mechanical strengths of the plastic profiles used in the invention, these are particularly suitable for the realization of load-bearing structures on the only still e.g. metallic covers must be mounted on the inside and outside.

In addition, the plastic profiles used in the invention act as Isolierstege for metal profile structures, especially for frame structures. Here, the plastic profiles used in the invention over the conventional insulating bars have the advantage that the invention used due to their higher mechanical strength as a structural element in static calculations with their moment of inertia into account, so that the metal profiles can be made smaller.

This not only leads to a saving of material costs, but also to a lower weight of the overall construction.

In frame structures with insulating glass filling (windows, doors, etc.), the plastic profiles used in the invention, the spacer for the glass panes integrally included, so that, where appropriate, for the completion of the component only filler panels are mounted on the plastic profiles used in the invention.

In addition, the interior of the hollow profile, in which the metal profiles have been inserted in the prior art, can be subdivided further into a plurality of hollow chambers by providing a plurality of longitudinal webs, resulting in an additional strength gain and also additional considerable advantages in the thermal insulation values.

The plastic profile used in the invention can do without the usual metal reinforcement or embedded in the plastic sporadic fibers and has due to the concentration of the fiber reinforcement on fiber strands, for example in outer walls, already significantly better thermal insulation, especially because of inserted metal profiles to improve the mechanical Properties omitted.

The fiber strands are used for example in the form of tapes and can thus be equipped with a minimum dimension in the direction of heat transport through the profile in the application with lowest thermal conductivity values, without thereby affecting the mechanical properties that for the Purpose required to suffer. The fiber strands are preferably prefabricated elements provided with or without a compatible or incompatible plastic and optionally treated with a coupling agent.

The lack of metal reinforcement is also noticeable with a lower weight and the ability to realize narrower profile widths on the profile noticeable.

To form the plastic profiles, a second plastic material is used, which is compatible with the first plastic material of the fiber strands. In the simplest case, the first and the second plastic material may be of the same type or even identical.

In addition, a pure sort of recycling succeeds here.

The plastic profiles used according to the invention will preferably be reinforced in two substantially parallel outer walls of the profile with a continuous fiber strand.

The reinforcing fibers can be selected from glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers and synthetic fibers, in particular aramid fibers.

The plastic profiles used according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of frame structures, windows, doors and facades, including three-dimensional facades and glass roof constructions, wherein the plastic profiles used in the invention can be used not only as Isolierstege for metal-plastic composite profiles, but also as frame profiles for the glass elements and moreover as load-bearing structural elements, as already mentioned above.

By appropriate selection of the plastic and those applications can be covered in which significantly higher temperatures than in the previous plastic profiles was the case, in particular, temperature ranges can be significantly covered above 80 ° C.

This corresponds, for example, roof structures that are exposed to increased sunlight.

The reinforcement by means of the fiber strands also ensures a reduction of the expansion coefficient, which in particular improves the use of the plastic profiles according to the invention in larger window walls, large-scale facades or three-dimensional constructions.

At the same time can be improved with the plastic profiles according to the invention also the burglar resistance to windows made of metallic materials (aluminum and steel). The same applies to the bullet resistance, since the polymeric materials according to the invention are good energy absorbers.

The latter property is particularly pronounced in the plastic profiles used according to the invention, so that these profiles open up further fields of application in which the energy absorber property is particularly important. By way of example, energy-absorbing components in motor vehicles may be mentioned here, in particular design elements in the impact areas / crumple zones of the vehicles.

The method for producing the plastic profiles used according to the invention comprises, in a first step, impregnating the selected reinforcement fiber strands with a first plastic material and then coextruding these prepared reinforcement fiber strands with a second plastic material compatible with the first plastic material to the plastic profiles.

As previously mentioned, the plastic fiber strands are preferably located in one or more outer walls of the profile, as they can best contribute to increasing the mechanical strength of the profile there. If necessary, fiber strands can also be extruded in transverse walls of the profile.

According to the invention, the product of modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia for the respective profile is set to a predetermined value by the arrangement of the fiber strand (s) in the profile, by the number of fiber strands and / or by the choice of fiber materials of the fiber strand for a given profile geometry.

These and other advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Darstellung einer Produktionsanlage für Kunststoffhohlprofile für erfindungsgemäße Metall-Kunststoffverbundprofile;

Figur 2:

ein erfindungsgemäß im Verbund mit einer Metallprofilkonstruktion verwendetes Kunststoffhohlprofil;

Figur 3:

ein weiteres erfindungsgemäß im Verbund mit einer Metallprofilkonstruktion verwendetes Kunststoffhohlprofil; und

Figuren 4 bis 6:

ein alternatives erfindungsgemäß im Verbund mit einer Metallprofilkonstruktion gemäß Figur 3 verwendbares Kunststoffhohlprofil.

They show in detail:

FIG. 1:

a schematic representation of a production plant for hollow plastic profiles for metal-plastic composite profiles according to the invention;

FIG. 2:

a plastic hollow profile used according to the invention in conjunction with a metal profile construction;

FIG. 3:

a further according to the invention used in conjunction with a metal profile construction plastic hollow profile; and

FIGS. 4 to 6:

an alternative according to the invention in conjunction with a metal profile construction according to FIG. 3 usable plastic hollow profile.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a device 200, with the hollow sections can be produced according to the invention used in a continuous process according to the invention, where it is possible to work continuously. The separate steps of producing the impregnated fiber slivers are integrated into the device, so that the slivers can enter directly from the production in the extrusion of the profiles and can be utilized there without intermediate storage.

The device 200 includes a supply of fiber coils 202, which are combined in an impregnation station 204 to form two slivers and are each impregnated there separately with a first plastic material.

From the impregnation station 204, the two slivers in channels 206 and 207 enter into a mold 208, which, for example, according to the method and the device as shown in the DE 38 01 574 described, works.

The mold 208 is additionally supplied laterally with molten plastic of a second compatible with the first material plastic material from an extruder 210, so that then embedded in the second plastic material slivers the mold 208 in the plastic profile 212 of the invention (only shown schematically) leave.

Although only the device is described herein as incorporating two fiber ribbons into the plastic hollow profile 212 usable in the present invention, it is readily conceivable that more complex or further impregnation stations 204 may precede the forming die 208 and as much as necessary in the fiber sliver According to the invention usable hollow plastic profile can be incorporated.

According to the number of fibers to be used in each sliver, the number of supply coils 208 is increased or decreased, so that in this regard, the adjustment of the product of modulus and moment of inertia can be adapted to the required properties of the plastic hollow profile.

Finally, in FIG. 1 Also it can be seen that the further adaptation of the hollow plastic profile in its properties to the requirements in use can be realized very simply by providing the supply spools 202 by supplying spools with other fibers having different mechanical properties.

FIG. 2 FIG. 2 shows a composite construction according to the invention, designated overall by the reference numeral 230, of an insulating web 232, a metallic hollow profile 234 and a metallic flat profile 236. The insulating web 232 has dovetail ribs 239 integrally dovetailed on all four corner regions 238 and forming complementary dovetail guides 240, 241 Hollow or flat profiles 234, 236 engage.

The resulting composite can be total, d. H. absorb forces with the insulating bar, so that in the design of the metallic components 234 and 236, the forces absorbed by the insulating bar can be deducted.

The composite is shear-resistant. This means an increase in mechanical strength and the option to minimize the dimensions of the metal components for the intended use.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a relation to the construction of FIG. 2 similarly shaped composite profile construction 250 according to the invention with a metallic hollow profile 234 and a flat profile 236, which are both connected to each other by two insulating bars 252, 253 and kept at a distance. These insulating bars can be replaced by various embodiments of plastic profiles to be used according to the invention, for example by the in the FIGS. 4 to 6 shown. FIG. 4 shows an insulating bar 254, the on Position of the insulating bars 252, 253 can occur and the outer walls 256, 257 fiber strand reinforcements 258, 259 extruded contains. Further, the interior of the hollow profile 254 is divided with webs 260 to reduce the heat transport by convection. At the same time, the webs contribute to a stiffening of the hollow profile 254 and increase its moment of inertia. Alternatively, the webs 252, 253 in FIG. 3 be replaced by flat profiles 270 according to the invention, as in FIG. 5 are shown. This profile 270 has a load-bearing wall 272 in the form of a web on which extends between the dovetail baseboards 274, 275 of the profile 270. Fiber reinforcements in the form of fiber strands 276, 277 are extruded according to the invention in the load-bearing wall 272. In this case, the fiber strands may, as in the case of the fiber strand 276, extend into the region of the baseboard 274 or be arranged exclusively in the wall region 272, as in the case of the fiber strand 277. The choice of the arrangement depends on the type of stress on the insulating strip 270 and the function this has to meet in the overall composite with the metal profiles 234 and 236.

Finally, as a further variant, the one Isolierstegkonstruktion explained as in FIG. 6 is apparent. Here, an insulating bar 280 is formed by two components 282, 283, which represent usable plastic profiles according to the invention. These are identically constructed and rotationally symmetrical and complement each other to an insulating web 280 of the insulating web 230 in its construction FIG. 2 similar. The individual component 282 or 283 is constructed from a wall 284 which carries above and below dovetail bars with which a non-positive and / or positive or sliding composite with metal profiles 234 and 236 can be produced. Adjacent to one of the dovetail rails 286, a load bearing wall 288 extends from the wall 284 at a right angle. This wall 288 includes an extruded fiber strand reinforcement 290 which provides the wall 288 with the necessary moment of inertia.

Claims (9)

1. Composite metal-plastic profiled section with an insulating profiled web in the form of a plastic profiled section, the plastic profiled section comprising a load-bearing wall and optionally one or more hollow chambers extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profiled section, the load-bearing wall being reinforced in a partial volume by a continuous fibre strand for absorbing bending and shear stresses, the fibre strand being a fibre band in which the individual fibres are present with a predominant direction in the longitudinal direction of the fibre band, the bond between the insulating profiled web and the metal components of the composite metal-plastic profiled section being of shear-resistant construction, and the plastic profiled section reinforced by the fibre strand being used as load-bearing constructional element.
2. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that two substantially parallel outer walls of the plastic profiled section are reinforced by a continuous fibre strand in each case.
3. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a load-bearing transverse wall of the plastic profiled section is reinforced by a continuous fibre strand.
4. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcement fibres are selected from glass fibres, carbon fibres, metal fibres and synthetic fibres, in particular, aramid fibres.
5. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more of the hollow chambers of the plastic profiled section are filled with foam.
6. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that the foam filling material contains reinforcing substances.
7. Composite metal-plastic profiled section in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plastic profiled section integrally comprises a spacer for panes of glass as functional element.
8. Frame construction for infilling with transparent or non-transparent fillings, in particular, in the form of a facade element, an insulating glass window or an insulating glass door, manufactured using a composite metal-plastic profiled section having the features according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Glass roof construction, manufactured using a composite metal-plastic profiled section having the features according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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