EP1242708B1 - Electromagnetic closing and opening device for door leaves that can be pivoted - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic device for restraining hinged door leaves in a closed position within a door frame as well as for opening hinged door leaves which are restrained in the closed position. The electromagnetic device has an electrically active part located in the door frame, and a closing counterpiece located in the hinged door leaf where upon the production of an electromagnetic field at the electrically active part a slidable counterpole piece portion of the closing counterpiece slides toward the electrically active part such that a portion of the counterpole piece engages in a free space within the door leaf thus restraining the door leaf in a closed position within the door frame.

Description

The invention relates to an electrically operable device for locking hinged door leaves in the closed position and to open locked in the closed position door leaves, wherein the pivotable door is held by frictional engagement in the closed position. A device according to the prior art is for example from the US 4,981,322 known.

For closing hinged door panels locks are generally known in which - mechanically or electromechanically actuated - a movable latch is brought into the closed position and positive engagement, the movement of the hinged door is prevented by this locking bolt in a backdrop-shaped recess of the fixed door frame or fixed Door leaf engages.

For remote control of locking devices for hinged door, in which the locking is done by positive engagement of a sliding latch, such constructions are known in which the bolt of the locking mechanism 'is brought into the closed position by magnetic forces. Such a closing device can be electrically operated both in the closed and in the open position. This one Closing devices for hinged door also have a latch that locks the swivel door in the closed position by this engages in a backdrop-shaped recess in the door frame or in the fixed door and so by positive engagement the latch bolt is effective. This latch bolt can be operated mechanically directly or indirectly by the positive engagement between latch bolt and backdrop-shaped recess is canceled. Unlocked hinged door leaves, which are held in the closed position by the latch, can only be opened by an additional door opening device, which can be electrically operated. For this purpose, additional electromagnetically operating door opening devices are known which are arranged in the door frame or in the fixed door leaf. As a door opening means various electrically actuated structures are known in which a closing plate is unlocked by a magnetic field generated by a magnetic coil. After unlocking the positive engagement between latch bolt and backdrop-shaped recess is canceled.

All known solutions have the disadvantage that the construction cost of the locking and unlocking and opening a held in the closed position, hinged door is very expensive. Furthermore, both the door locks and the door openers many moving parts exist, making the susceptibility of both the door lock and the Türöffnungsmechanismusses is very large.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the susceptibility of door closing and opening devices to reduce the cost of Bauauf- and maintenance and to ensure a safe closing of a hinged door leaf in the closed position and hereafter a safe opening.

The invention has for its object to develop for pivotable door a device in which both the door closing and locking device as well as the door opening device form a structural unit and to allow the closing of a hinged door leaf, which closes against a door seal, said Combination of a closing and opening device to be operated remotely.

This object has been achieved by the technical features specified in claim 1. The subclaims serve the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht einer Außentür, die nach innen öffnet;

Fig. 2

einen Horizontalschnitt A-A nach Fig.1 durch einen schwenkbaren Türflügel in Schließstellung mit einer Türzarge;

Fig. 3

einen Horizontalschnitt A-A nach Fig. 1 durch einen schwenkbaren gegen eine Türdichtung schließenden Türflügel in Schließstellung

Fig. 4

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Türzarge mit einem eingebauten erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten elektrisch aktiven Teil der Schließ- und Öffnungseinrichtung

Fig. 5

das elektrisch aktive Teil in einer Ansicht B nach Fig. 4

Fig. 6

eine Magnetspule im Schnitt und Seitenansicht

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht eines Gegenpolstückes mit Zwischenstück in einem Rahmen des schwenkbaren Türflügels eingebaut

Fig. 8

ein Gegenpolstück mit Zwischenstück in Ansicht C nach Fig. 7 mit erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Polplatten und Zwischenstück des Gegenpolstückes

Fig. 9

ein Gegenpolstück mit Zwischenstück in Ansicht C nach Fig. 7 mit einem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten nasenförmigen Vorsprung an einer Polplatte des Gegenpolstückes

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment and illustrated in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1

a view of an outside door that opens inwards;

Fig. 2

a horizontal section AA of Figure 1 by a hinged door in the closed position with a door frame;

Fig. 3

a horizontal section AA of FIG. 1 by a pivotable against a door seal closing door in the closed position

Fig. 4

a longitudinal section through a door frame with a built according to the invention formed electrically active part of the closing and opening device

Fig. 5

the electrically active part in a view B of Fig. 4th

Fig. 6

a magnetic coil in section and side view

Fig. 7

a side view of a Gegenpolstückes with intermediate piece installed in a frame of the hinged door leaf

Fig. 8

a Gegenpolstück with spacer in view C of FIG. 7 with inventively designed pole plates and intermediate piece of the Gegenpolstückes

Fig. 9

a counter pole piece with spacer in view C of FIG. 7 with a nose-shaped projection according to the invention formed on a pole plate of the Gegenpolstückes

In a door frame 1 or in a passive leaf, the electrically active part of an electromagnetic closing and opening device designed according to the invention is installed on the door side. This consists of a two pole plates 2; 3 having electromagnetic device which is housed in a frame structure 4, wherein this is mounted on a cuff plate 5 made of non-magnetizable material, such as brass.

This electromagnetic device consists of a yoke 6 and of a yoke 6 enclosing winding 7 for generating an electromagnetic field. The yoke 6 is provided with two pole plates 2; 3 connected. These consist of a material which still has a low residual magnetism after the electromagnetic field has dropped.

In a hinged door 8 are on the other side a closing counterpart for the provided in the door frame 1 or in the passive leaf electrically active part of the electromagnetic closing and opening device. This lock counterpart consists of a non-magnetizable material consisting of Stulpblech 9, on which a frame 10 is attached. In this a slightly horizontally displaceable, U-shaped counter-pole piece 11 is provided, which is connected to a, provided in the frame 10 return spring 12.

The inventively designed device can be designed either as a closing variant or as an opening variant. In the closed variant, the counter pole piece 11 is made of soft iron and when applying a voltage to the winding 7 of the electrically active part, the closing and opening device comes into a closed position. In the opening variant according to the invention, the counter-pole piece 11 consists of a permanent magnet and the electrically active part of the closing and opening device according to the invention is used to open a closed door leaf by a magnetic field is generated by applying a voltage to the winding 7 of the electrically active part the same pole those of the permanent magnet are opposite. As a result, the closing force of the permanent magnet is canceled.

The U-shaped counter-pole piece 11 encloses a recess. In this, an intermediate piece 13 is inserted from non-magnetizable material, which projects slightly beyond the pole faces of the Gegenpolstückes 11, wherein this extends in the direction of the electrically active part of the electromagnetic closing and opening means and there with the door closed 2 in a free space 14 between the pole plates. 2 ; 3 intervenes.

In the absence of the magnetic field generated by the closing and opening device provided in the door frame 1 in the closing variant or by generating a homopolar magnetic field, ie by repealing the by a permanent magnet generated holding forces at the Öffnungsvarante drops the counter pole piece 11 and this is returned by the return spring 12 in its Ausgangsspostion. The return spring 12 is arranged on the rear leg 15 of the frame 10. With the cuff 9, the closing counterpart is fixed in the pivoting door 8 and adjustable by means of two stop screws 16.

The operating principle of the device in the closing variant is that, when the pivotally arranged door leaf 8 has been brought into the closed position, the Gegenpolflächen 17 of the Gegenpolstückes 11 in the region of the electromagnetic field of the electrically active part of the closing and opening means come and the Gegenpolflächen 17th of the built-in pivoting door 8, slightly movable Gegenpolstückes 11 are tightened and lock the pivoting door 8 in the closed position, characterized in that on the one hand a frictional connection between the pole faces 18 of the pole plates 2; 3 and the Gegenpolflächen 17 of the movable Gegenpostückes 11 by closing the electromagnetic field lines and on the other hand by the engagement of the intermediate piece 13 in a space 14 between the pole plates 2; 3 creates a positive connection. In the opening variant, the pole faces 18 and the counter pole faces 17 come through the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the closed position and by the engagement of the intermediate piece 13 in a free space 14 between the pole plates 2; 3 arises in addition to the magnetic holding force a positive connection.

Once the hinged door 8 against a door seal 19 which is located in a door stop 20, that is to close tightly by utilizing the Elastizizät this door seal 19, according to the invention, the pole faces 18 of the pole plates 2; 3, the Gegenpolflächen 17 of the Gegenpolstückes 11 and the

End face 21 of the intermediate piece 13 at an angle 21; 22 slanted executed. The angle of attack 22 is for the pole faces 18 of the pole plates 2; 3 and for the Gegenpolflächen 17 of the Gegenpolstückes 11 in the closing direction 23 of the door leaf 8 an acute angle of 1 to 3 degrees, whereby the distance between the pole faces 18 and Gegenpolflächen 17 is different in a position shortly before the closed position of the door leaf 8 in the door frame 1 ie between the pole face 18 of the pole plate 2 and the opposing pole face 17 of the counter pole piece 11 which is in opposition thereto is larger than the distance between the pole face 18 of the pole plate 3 and the opposing pole face 17 of the counter pole piece 11 which is in opposition to this. The angle of attack 23 of the end face 21 of FIG Intermediate piece 13 is designed as an acute angle in the opening direction of the door leaf 8 and is also 1 to 3 degrees.

With this advantageous embodiment of the pole faces 18, the Gegenpolflächen 17 and the end face 21 of the intermediate piece 13 is achieved that with the effectiveness of the magnetic field of the hinged door 8 against the sealing force of the door seal 19 in overcoming the originating from the elasticity of the door seal 19 sealing force Closed position and the door can be safely closed. As a result of this design of the pole faces 18, the counter-pole faces 17 and the end face 21, the door leaf is slightly covered, i. Door frame 1 and door leaf 8 are no longer in alignment.

The described effect is further enhanced by the fact that according to a further embodiment of the invention, the electrically active part consisting of winding 7, yoke 6 and pole plates 1; 2, in which the holder in the door frame 1 serving frame structure 4 is elastically mounted and for this purpose a thrust bearing 25 is provided. Likewise, the counter pole piece 11 is elastically supported in the frame 10 provided for this purpose.

By this elastic storage or support causes the pole faces 18 and the Gegenpolflächen 17 completely rest upon exposure to a magnetic field.

A further technical measure for the secure positioning of the counter pole piece 11 in the closing phase in the closed position is provided according to the invention on the counter pole piece 11. This has a nose-shaped projection on the side of the Gegenpolstückes 11, which is opposite to the closing direction. As a result, it is ensured that the pole faces 18 and the counter-pole faces 17 can only move toward one another as soon as the closed position is reached.

As soon as in the closing variant of the electromagnetic coil 7 no voltage is applied or in the opening variant by applying a voltage across the electromagnetic coil 7 to produce a Gleichpoligen field, the magnetic field collapses as a holding force and it acts only a residual magnetism, the movable door 8th holds in the closed position. By the released sealing force of the door seal 19 or by a slight abutment of the pivoting door leaf 8, this can then be opened because the return spring 12, which is arranged on the rear leg of the frame 10, is effective and the intermediate piece 13 with the counter pole piece 11 through the Return spring 12 is brought into a starting position, in which the intermediate piece 13 is no longer in the free space 14 between the pole plates 2; 3 intervenes.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the closing and opening device has no moving parts that are subject to wear or can be destroyed by external violence.

The operation of the device according to the invention is carried out either by applying a voltage to the electromagnetic Winding 7 via a remote control, provided that the person who operates the door operation, is located within the building, where an electrical switch is provided for the operation.

Another way of operating the closing and opening device according to the invention by authorized persons who want to operate the hinged door 8 from the outside, is that the deactivation of the electromagnetic field either via a not shown microswitch, which is mechanically actuated, takes place, said Actuation can be made for example via a normal cylinder lock, or via an unillustrated interrupt relay, which is controlled via an electronic circuit, which is equipped with a deactivatable detection technology. As detection technology known opportunities, such. As coded magnetic cards or transponders available.

The activation of the closing and opening device takes place, for example, after relapse of the movable door leaf 8 in the door stop 16 of the door frame 1 sensor-controlled automatically.

List of used reference numbers

1

Türzrage

2

pole plate

3

pole plate

4

frame construction

5

retaining plate

6

yoke

7

winding

8th

door

9

retaining plate

10

frame

11

counterpole

12

Return spring

13

connecting piece

14

free space

15

leg

16

adjustment

17

Gegenpolfläche

18

pole

19

door seal

20

doorstop

21

face

22

angle of attack

23

angle of attack

24

closing direction

25

thrust bearing

Claims (19)

1. An electromagnetic closing and opening device for swinging door leaves, consisting of an electrically active part arranged in a door frame when assembled, with an electromagnetic winding generating an electromagnetic field and two flat pole plates connected to each other by means of a yoke, and of a movable antipole piece closing the field lines of the generated magnetic field and arranged in a door leaf when assembled, which antipole piece has an intermediate piece projecting slightly from the antipole surfaces of the same, wherein the closing antipole consists of a frame (10) connected to a lap-jointed plate (9) and a U-shaped antipole piece (11), provided with two pole surfaces, is movably arranged in it, wherein these pole surfaces are positioned opposite the flat poles of the pole plates (2; 3) of the closing and opening device in the closing position, wherein an intermediate piece (13) is provided between the poles of the antipole piece (11), which intermediate piece extends to a slight extent over the surfaces of these poles in the direction of the flat poles of the pole plates (2; 3) and projects form the antipole piece (11), wherein the intermediate piece (13) engages in an open space (14) between the pole plates (2; 3) when the door leaf (2) is closed, and wherein it is connected to a recuperating spring (12) supported in a member (15) of the frame (10) of the closing counter-piece.
2. The device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the closing and opening device generating the electromagnetic field is provided in the door frame (1) and the closing counter-piece is provided in the moving door leaf (8).
3. The device according to Claim 1 and 2, characterised in that the closing and opening device is connected to the electromagnetic coil (7), which has a flat design and is wound round a yoke (6), wherein the yoke (6) is connected to two pole plates (2; 3), and wherein the coil (7), with the yoke (6) and pole plates (2; 3) are combined within a frame structure (4), connected to a lap-jointed plate (5), to form one structural unit.
4. The device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an intermediate piece (13), consisting of a non-magnetic material and slightly projecting from the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11), is provided, and in that either the two antipole surfaces (17) of the U-shaped antipole piece (11) in the closing direction (24) of the moving door leaf (8) and the intermediate piece (13) projecting slightly from the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11), and extending in the direction of the pole surfaces (17) of the pole plates (2; 3) with the electromagnetic winding (7), and/or the pole surfaces (18) of the pole plates (2; 3), each have an angle of incidence (22; 23).
5. The device according to Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the antipole piece (11) is designed as a permanent magnet, in that an intermediate piece (13) slightly projecting from the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11) consists of a non-magnetic material, and in that either the two antipole surfaces (17) of the U-shaped antipole piece (11) in the closing direction (24) of the moving door leaf (8) and the intermediate piece (13) projecting slightly from the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11), and extending in the direction of the pole surfaces (17) of the pole plates (2; 3) with the electromagnetic winding (7), and/or the pole surfaces (18) of the pole plates (2; 3), each have an angle of incidence (22; 23).
6. The device according to Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pole surfaces (18) of the pole plates (2; 3), which perpendicularly delimit the pole plates (2; 3) from the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11), have an angle of incidence (22) to a line normal to a vertical surface of the door frame (1), which angle is designed as an acute angle in the closing direction (24) of the door leaf (8) and is between 1 and 5 degrees.
7. The device according to Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the antipole surfaces (17) of the antipole piece (11) have an angle of incidence (22) to a line normal to a vertical surface of the door leaf (8), which angle is designed as an acute angle in the closing direction (24) of the door leaf (8) and is between 1 and 5 degrees.
8. The device according to Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the electrically active part arranged in the door frame (1), consisting of an electromagnetic winding (7) generating an electromagnetic field and of two flat pole plates (2; 3) connected to each other by means of a yoke (6), is movably arranged in the door frame (1) in the closing direction of the moving door leaf (8), wherein an elastic thrust bearing (25) is provided at one end of the electrically active part facing away from the moving door leaf (8) inside the door frame (1), and in that lap-jointed plate (5) has for this purpose a suitable recess making possible, and at the same time limiting, the movement of the electrically active part, which recess is larger by a gap width of a few mm than the width of the pole plates (1; 2) delimiting the electrically active part and connected by means of the yoke (6).
9. The device according to Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the electrically active part is rotatably arranged around the elastic thrust bearing (25) and in that a clearance of 0.5 to 2.0 mm is provided in the lap-jointed plate (5).
10. The device according to Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the movably arranged antipole piece is elastically mounted in the frame for receiving the same, and in that a clearance of 0.5 to 2.0 mm is provided in the lap-jointed plate (9) arranged in the swinging door leaf.
11. The device according to Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the antipole piece (11) of the pole surface facing away from the direction of movement of the swinging door leaf or optionally the pole plate (1) positioned opposite it is provided with a nose-shaped projection.
12. The device according to Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the closing and opening device is arranged on the door side in the door frame (1) at a predetermined height of the door handle inside a frame recess, wherein the lap-jointed plate (5) is let into the profile of the door frame (1).
13. The device according to Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the lap-jointed plate (5) has a recess for the pole plates (2; 3), including the electromagnetic coil (7), wherein the pole plates (2; 3) project slightly from the lap-jointed plate (5).
14. The device according to Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the closing counter-piece is arranged on the door side in the swinging door leaf (8) at the same height as the closing and opening device inside a recess in the profile of the door leaf (8).
15. The device according to Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the frame (12) is connected to the closing counter-piece with the lap-jointed plate (9), which is provided with a recess for the antipole piece (11), and in that the lap-jointed plate (9) has on the frame side a termination with the door profile.
16. The device according to Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the closing and opening device is connected to an electronic circuit for the purpose of applying voltage to the electromagnetic coil (7) of the closing and opening device.
17. The device according to Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the electronic circuit is provided with sensors effecting the automatic activation of the closing and opening device for switching the closing and opening device in the closing position of the swinging door leaf (8) in the region of the door frame (1) or the door leaf (8).
18. The device according to Claims 1 to 17, characterised in that sensors that can be mechanically actuated or an electronic detection technology is/are provided for deactivating the electronic circuit for actuating the closing and opening device.
19. The device according to Claims 1 to 18, characterised in that transponder technology is used as detection technology for deactivating the electronic circuit.

Images