EP1234361B1 - Gaz-filled surge diverter with electrode connections in the shape of band-type clips - Google Patents

Gaz-filled surge diverter with electrode connections in the shape of band-type clips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1234361B1
EP1234361B1 EP00945608A EP00945608A EP1234361B1 EP 1234361 B1 EP1234361 B1 EP 1234361B1 EP 00945608 A EP00945608 A EP 00945608A EP 00945608 A EP00945608 A EP 00945608A EP 1234361 B1 EP1234361 B1 EP 1234361B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
gas
surge arrester
clip
filled surge
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EP00945608A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1234361A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Boy
Peter Bobert
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TDK Electronics AG
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Epcos AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of overvoltage protection for communication networks and deals with the structural design of the power supply elements to the electrodes of a gas-filled surge arrester.
  • gas-filled surge arresters are used in communication networks and the associated devices, which have one or two or three discharge paths and this consist of two end electrodes and optionally another electrode in the form of a center electrode and one or two hollow cylindrical ceramic insulators.
  • the ceramic insulator is usually soldered to the end electrodes on the front side ( US 4,266,260 A
  • the ceramic insulators are soldered either peripherally or frontally both to the center electrode and to one end electrode each time ( US 3,885,203 A . US 4,212,047 A ).
  • the contacting of the electrodes at its outer periphery takes place either within a housing by means of resilient clamps or by means of connecting wires, which are tangentially, radially or axially soldered or welded to one electrode at one end and at its other end with provided a plug-in contact element or are designed for a soldering ( US 4,212,047 .
  • the invention has for its object to simplify the assemblability of the band-like clamps and thereby to extend their function as possible.
  • each clamp associated with an end electrode is resilient in the circumferential direction.
  • the clamp is provided by means of a two-legged, bracket-like bulge.
  • the electrical connection of the respective end electrode can be prefabricated in the context of an automatic manufacturing process and also pushed onto the respective end electrode. The spring tension of the clamp is sufficient to ensure a secure contact with the respective end electrode at normal and average current load.
  • a trained according to the invention clamp can also perform other functions when used in three-electrode arresters for contacting the two end electrodes and forms sufficiently wide.
  • the clamp can be placed on the surge arrester, that it projects beyond the foot part of the respective end electrode axially by a certain length.
  • Parts of a short-circuit device electrically connected to the center electrode can be assigned to this projecting region of the clamp, if appropriate in addition also parts of an auxiliary discharge path which is electrically connected in parallel to the gas discharge path.
  • a melting disk and a spacer are arranged within the projecting portion of the clamp; in the case of a clamp with a clamp-like bulge, the clamp can furthermore be assigned a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode, the diameter of which is at least equal to the outer diameter of the clamp and which is held by means of the fusion disc and the spacer at a distance from the edge of the clamp and pressed by a spring against the spacer.
  • This spring may be a known spring clip ( US 4,984,125 , Fig. 1) act. But you can also use a coil spring or a spring washer, which is fixed by means of a fixed to the center electrode, U-shaped bracket.
  • - In the disk-shaped auxiliary electrode at a distance from the edge of the clamp holding spacer may be in a known manner to an insulator or - preferably - to a varistor (see US 5,388,023 , Figure 1).
  • the shorting device is formed by the flat top surface of the cap and the free, engaging in the center opening of the cap end of a connected to the center electrode spring clip, wherein the short-circuiting device of the flat top surface of the cap and the free formed in the center opening of the cap engaging end of a connected to the center electrode spring clip, wherein the free end of the spring clip by means of a fusion disk and the auxiliary discharge path, which are arranged within the cap, is kept at a distance from the planar top surface of the cap, and the melting disk or the auxiliary discharge path is insulated from the planar top surface of the cap by means of an insulating centering piece.
  • the auxiliary discharge path consists of a varistor, which is isolated by means of the insulating centering. As an auxiliary discharge gap but can also serve a perforated mica foil on which the melt disc is applied in isolation from the cap.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a three-electrode arrester 1, the two ceramic insulators 11 and 12 has on both sides of a central electrode 13 and on the one end electrode, not shown, an electrical connection in the form of a tight-fitting clamp 2 is placed. A similar clamp 2 is shown near the end electrode 14.
  • This clamp which consists of an annular metal band 21, whose ends are soldered or welded to a terminal 22, is provided on the periphery, approximately opposite to the terminal 22, with a two-legged, bracket-like bulge 23, whereby the clamp 2 is resilient in the circumferential direction ,
  • the clamp can be pushed onto the flange-like base part 15 of the end electrode 14, wherein the dimensions of the foot part 15 of the end electrode 14 and the clamp 2 are selected so that a sufficient contact pressure is given.
  • the diameter of the foot part 15 should be slightly larger than the diameter of the ceramic insulator 11 or 12.
  • Figure 2 shows a two-electrode arrester, which has a ceramic insulator 31, a first end electrode 33 and a second end electrode not shown in detail, wherein on each end electrode a resiliently shaped clamp 2 is placed.
  • Figure 3 shows a detail of a three-electrode arrester according to Figure 1, which is supplemented by a short-circuiting device and combined with auxiliary discharge paths.
  • the width b of the clamp 24 placed on the end electrode 14 is so large that the clamp not only covers part of the surface of the ceramic insulator 12 but also projects axially beyond the end electrode 14.
  • a cylindrical space is formed, in which a disc 4 made of a fusible material and a spacer 5 are arranged in the form of a varistor, wherein the spacer 5 is arranged centered by means of a rubber-like ring 6 within the clamp 24.
  • the assembly consisting of melt disk 4 and varistor 5 is still associated with a disk-shaped, centrally perforated auxiliary electrode 7, which bears against the spacer / varistor 5 and is held by means of the free end of a fixed to the center electrode 13 spring clip 8.
  • auxiliary electrode 7 contacts the edge of the clamp 24.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that, instead of a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode, a cap-shaped auxiliary electrode 84 is provided, in which a fusible disc 41 and a spacer / varistor 5 are arranged and whose edge 85 is within the projecting region of FIG Clamp 24 faces the foot part 15 of the end electrode.
  • the auxiliary electrode 84 is centered by means of an insulating ring 10 and kept isolated from the clamp 24 at a distance.
  • FIG. 5 shows another variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that the contact with the center electrode 13 is made via a non-resilient U-shaped bracket 82 which presses a spring washer 83 against the auxiliary electrode 71.
  • the spring washer - shown to the right of the arrester in the relaxed state - is located on the disc-shaped Auxiliary electrode 71, which is provided on both sides with centering surfaces 72 and 73 for the centric assignment of the spring washer 83 and for the centric assignment of the spacer / varistor 5 within the protruding portion of the clamp 24.
  • FIG. 6 shows a two-electrode arrester 3 with ceramic insulator 31 and end electrodes 33 and 34, wherein each end electrode is to be assigned a clamp 25 in the form of a cap with a hollow-cylindrical edge region 26 and a planar cover region 27 provided with a central opening 28.
  • the cap 25 is further designed with a power connection 29.
  • the cap on the circumference of the edge region 26 is provided with a plurality of point or bead-like indentations 30 which cause when pushing the cap 25 to an end electrode that the cap is resiliently applied to the foot region of the respective end electrode and contacted.
  • FIG. 7 shows a three-electrode arrester 1, on whose end electrodes a respective cap 25 is placed.
  • the cap can also be part of a short-circuiting device connected to the center electrode 13 and optionally additionally an auxiliary discharge path connected in parallel electrically to the gas discharge path of the arrester.
  • a cap 25 is used with sufficient height h, to arrange within the cap a fuser disc 4 and a spacer 5, wherein the spacer is arranged in the form of a varistor using an insulating centering 9 to a short circuit in the normal operating state between the free end 84 of the spring clip 8 and the cap 25 to prevent.

Abstract

In order to simplify the mountability of electrode terminals in the form of band-like clips on either two-electrode or three-electrode arresters, the clips are resiliently fashioned in a circumferential direction. When such a clip axially projects beyond a foot part of the respective end electrode, the projecting region in a three-electrode arrester can be part of a short-circuit device which electrically connects to the middle electrode, potentially in combination with an auxiliary discharge path.

Description

Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet des Überspannungsschutzes für Kommunikationsnetze und befaßt sich mit der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung der Stromzuführungselemente zu den Elektroden eines gasgefüllten Überspannungsableiters.The invention is in the field of overvoltage protection for communication networks and deals with the structural design of the power supply elements to the electrodes of a gas-filled surge arrester.

Zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen, wie sie u.a. durch Blitzschläge auftreten können, werden in Kommunikationsnetzen und den zugehörigen Geräten gasgefüllte Überspannungsableiter verwendet, die eine oder zwei bzw. drei Entladungsstrecken aufweisen und hierzu aus zwei Endelektroden und gegebenenfalls einer weiteren Elektrode in Form einer Mittelelektrode sowie aus einem oder zwei hohlzylindrischen Keramikisolatoren bestehen.To protect against overvoltages, as they are u.a. can occur due to lightning strikes, gas-filled surge arresters are used in communication networks and the associated devices, which have one or two or three discharge paths and this consist of two end electrodes and optionally another electrode in the form of a center electrode and one or two hollow cylindrical ceramic insulators.

Bei Zwei-Elektroden-Überspannungsableitern ist der Keramikisolator in aller Regel stirnseitig mit den Endelektroden verlötet ( US 4,266,260 A ), bei Drei-Elektroden-Überspannungsableitern sind die Keramikisolatoren entweder am Umfang oder stirnseitig sowohl mit der Mittelelektrode als auch mit jeweils einer Endelektrode verlötet ( US 3,885,203 A , US 4,212,047 A ). Die Kontaktierung der Elektroden an ihrem äußeren Umfang erfolgt dabei entweder innerhalb eines Gehäuses mit Hilfe von federnden Klemmen oder mit Hilfe von Anschlußdrähten, die mit ihrem einen Ende tangential, radial oder axial an jeweils eine Elektrode angelötet oder angeschweißt sind und die an ihrem anderen Ende mit einem steckbaren Kontaktelement versehen oder für eine Verlötung ausgebildet sind ( US 4,212,047 , US 4,984,125 A ). - Um bei gasgefüllten Überspannungsableitern der höchsten Leistungsklasse die Stromzuführungselemente so auszubilden, daß sie auch extremen Strombelastungen sicher standhalten, ist es weiterhin bekannt, Stromzuführunselemente in Form einer bandartigen Schelle zu verwenden, die am Umfang des Überspannungsableiters mittels eines lösbaren Spannverschlusses fixiert werden. Als unlösbarer Spannverschluß kommt auch eine Vernietung oder eine Ultraschallschweißung in Betracht. - Die bandartigen Schellen können weiterhin so breit ausgebildet sein, daß sie nicht nur den elektrisch leitenden Fußbereich der jeweiligen Endelektrode sondern auch den anschließenden Keramikisolator jeweils auf einem Teil seiner axialen Länge umschließen. Dadurch kann das elektrische Verhalten des Überspannungsableiters positiv beeinflußt werden ( DE 196 41 385 A1 / US 5,768,082 A ).In the case of two-electrode surge arresters, the ceramic insulator is usually soldered to the end electrodes on the front side ( US 4,266,260 A In the case of three-electrode surge arresters, the ceramic insulators are soldered either peripherally or frontally both to the center electrode and to one end electrode each time ( US 3,885,203 A . US 4,212,047 A ). The contacting of the electrodes at its outer periphery takes place either within a housing by means of resilient clamps or by means of connecting wires, which are tangentially, radially or axially soldered or welded to one electrode at one end and at its other end with provided a plug-in contact element or are designed for a soldering ( US 4,212,047 . US 4,984,125 A ). - To gas-filled surge arresters The highest power class, the power supply elements in such a way that they can withstand extreme current loads safely, it is also known to use Stromzuführunselemente in the form of a band-like clamp, which are fixed to the periphery of the surge arrester by means of a releasable clamping lock. As a permanent fastener also riveting or ultrasonic welding comes into consideration. - The band-like clamps can continue to be formed so broad that they enclose not only the electrically conductive root portion of the respective end electrode but also the subsequent ceramic insulator each on a portion of its axial length. As a result, the electrical behavior of the surge arrester can be positively influenced ( DE 196 41 385 A1 / US 5,768,082 A ).

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, am stirnseitigen Ende der Endelektroden von Drei-Elektroden-Ableitern weitere Bauteile anzuordnen, um Kurzschlußeinrichtungen (Fail-Safe-Mechanismus) zu realisieren und/oder Hilfsentladungsstrecken elektrisch parallel zu den Gasentladungsstrecken zu schalten. Zur radialen Fixierung der Bauteile werden dabei spezielle Ausgestaltungen im Fußbereich der Endelektroden und eine unter Federeinwirkung stehende und mit der Mittelelektrode des Überspannungsableiters elektrische verbundene Kappe verwendet ( US 5,388,023 A , US 5,633,777 A , US 4,984,125 A /Figur la).It is furthermore known to arrange further components at the front end of the end electrodes of three-electrode arresters in order to realize short-circuit devices (fail-safe mechanism) and / or to switch auxiliary discharge sections electrically parallel to the gas discharge paths. For radial fixation of the components, special embodiments are used in the foot region of the end electrodes and a cap which is under spring action and electrically connected to the center electrode of the surge arrester ( US 5,388,023 A . US 5,633,777 A . US 4,984,125 A / Figure la).

Ausgehend von einem gasgefüllten Überspannungsableiter mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1 wie aus US-A-5768082 bekannt, liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Montierbarkeit der bandartigen Schellen zu vereinfachen und dabei möglichst ihre Funktion zu erweitern.Starting from a gas-filled surge arrester with the features of the preamble of claim 1 as from US-A-5768082 known, the invention has for its object to simplify the assemblability of the band-like clamps and thereby to extend their function as possible.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist zunächst vorgesehen, daß jede einer Endelektrode zugeordnete Schelle in Umfangsrichtung federelastisch ausgebildet ist. Dies läßt sich beispielsweise dadurch realisieren, daß die Schelle mittels einer zweischenkligen, klammerartigen Ausbuchtung versehen ist. Man kann der Schelle aber auch die Form einer Kappe geben, die einen hohlzylindrischen Randbereich und einen planen, mit einer Mittenöffnung versehenen Deckbereich aufweist, wobei der Randbereich am Umfang mit mehreren sickenartigen, am Fußteil der jeweiligen Endelektrode anliegenden Eindrückungen versehen ist. - Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung der Schelle kann der elektrische Anschluß der jeweiligen Endelektrode im Rahmen eines automatischen Fertigungsablaufes vorgefertigt und auch auf die jeweilige Endelektrode aufgeschoben werden. Die Federspannung der Schelle reicht dabei aus, um bei normaler und mittlerer Strombelastung eine sichere Kontaktierung der jeweiligen Endelektrode zu gewährleisten.To solve this problem, it is initially provided that each clamp associated with an end electrode is resilient in the circumferential direction. This can for example be realized in that the clamp is provided by means of a two-legged, bracket-like bulge. But you can also give the clamp the shape of a cap, which has a hollow cylindrical edge portion and a plan, provided with a center opening deck area, wherein the edge region is provided at the periphery with a plurality of bead-like, applied to the foot of the respective end electrode indentations. - In such an embodiment of the clamp, the electrical connection of the respective end electrode can be prefabricated in the context of an automatic manufacturing process and also pushed onto the respective end electrode. The spring tension of the clamp is sufficient to ensure a secure contact with the respective end electrode at normal and average current load.

Eine gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildete Schelle kann auch weitere Funktionen ausüben, wenn man sie bei Drei-Elektroden-Ableitern zur Kontaktierung der beiden Endelektroden einsetzt und genügend breit ausbildet. In diesem Fall kann die Schelle so auf den Überspannungsableiter aufgesetzt werden, daß sie das Fußteil der jeweiligen Endelektrode axial um eine gewisse Länge überragt. Diesem überragenden Bereich der Schelle können Teile einer mit der Mittelelektrode elektrisch verbundenen Kurzschlußeinrichtung zugeordnet werden, gegebenenfalls zusätzlich auch Teile einer zur Gasentladungsstrecke elektrisch parallel geschalteten Hilfsentladungsstrecke. Zu diesem Zweck werden innerhalb des überragenden Bereiches der Schelle eine Schmelzscheibe und ein Abstandhalter angeordnet; im Fall einer Schelle mit klammerartiger Ausbuchtung kann man der Schelle weiterhin eine scheibenförmige Hilfselektrode zuordnen, deren Durchmesser wenigstens gleich dem Außendurchmesser der Schelle ist und die mittels der Schmelzscheibe und des Abstandhalters auf Abstand zum Rand der Schelle gehalten und mittels einer Feder gegen den Abstandhalter gedrückt wird. Bei dieser Feder kann es sich um einen bekannten Federbügel ( US 4,984,125 , Fig. 1) handeln. Man kann aber auch eine Spiralfeder oder eine Federscheibe verwenden, die mittels eines an der Mittelelektrode befestigten, U-förmigen Bügels fixiert wird. - Bei dem die scheibenförmige Hilfselektrode auf Abstand zum Rand der Schelle haltenden Abstandhalter kann es sich in bekannter Weise um einen Isolierkörper oder - vorzugsweise - um einen Varistor handeln (siehe US 5,388,023 , Figur 1).A trained according to the invention clamp can also perform other functions when used in three-electrode arresters for contacting the two end electrodes and forms sufficiently wide. In this case, the clamp can be placed on the surge arrester, that it projects beyond the foot part of the respective end electrode axially by a certain length. Parts of a short-circuit device electrically connected to the center electrode can be assigned to this projecting region of the clamp, if appropriate in addition also parts of an auxiliary discharge path which is electrically connected in parallel to the gas discharge path. For this purpose, a melting disk and a spacer are arranged within the projecting portion of the clamp; in the case of a clamp with a clamp-like bulge, the clamp can furthermore be assigned a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode, the diameter of which is at least equal to the outer diameter of the clamp and which is held by means of the fusion disc and the spacer at a distance from the edge of the clamp and pressed by a spring against the spacer. This spring may be a known spring clip ( US 4,984,125 , Fig. 1) act. But you can also use a coil spring or a spring washer, which is fixed by means of a fixed to the center electrode, U-shaped bracket. - In the disk-shaped auxiliary electrode at a distance from the edge of the clamp holding spacer may be in a known manner to an insulator or - preferably - to a varistor (see US 5,388,023 , Figure 1).

Anstelle einer scheibenförmigen Hilfselektrode kann auch eine kappenartige Hilfselektrode (ähnlich US-PS 5,633,777 , Fig. 3, Teil 37 und US-PS 5,388,023 , Fig. 1, Teil 15) vorgesehen werden, die unter der Einwirkung eines mit der Mittelelektrode elektrisch verbundenen Federbügels steht und die mit ihrem Rand in den vom überragenden Bereich der Schelle gebildeten Raum hineinragt, die Schmelzscheibe und den Abstandhalter aufnimmt und von der Schelle durch ein ringartiges Isolierteil isoliert auf Abstand gehalten wird.Instead of a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode and a cap-like auxiliary electrode (similar U.S. Patent 5,633,777 , Fig. 3, part 37 and U.S. Patent 5,388,023 1, part 15), which is under the action of a spring clip which is electrically connected to the center electrode and which projects with its edge into the space formed by the projecting region of the clamp, receives the melting disk and the spacer and passes from the clamp a ring-like insulating part is kept isolated at a distance.

Im Fall einer Schelle in Form einer Kappe wird die Kurzschlußeinrichtung von der planen Deckfläche der Kappe und von dem freien, in die Mittenöffnung der Kappe eingreifenden Ende eines mit der Mittelelektrode verbundenen Federbügels gebildet, wobei die Kurzschlußeinrichtung von der planen Deckfläche der Kappe und von dem freien in die Mittenöffnung der Kappe eingreifenden Ende eines mit der Mittelelektrode verbundenen Federbügels gebildet wird, wobei das freie Ende des Federbügels mittels einer Schmelzscheibe und der Hilfsentladungsstrecke, die innerhalb der Kappe angeordnet sind, auf Abstand zur planen Deckfläche der Kappe gehalten wird und die Schmelzscheibe oder die Hilfsentladungsstrecke mittels eines isolierenden Zentrierstückes von der planen Deckfläche der Kappe isoliert ist. Auch hier besteht die Hilfsentladungsstrecke aus einem Varistor, der mittels des isolierenden Zentrierstückes isoliert angeordnet ist. Als Hilfsentladungsstrecke kann aber auch eine gelochte Glimmerfolie dienen, an der die Schmelzscheibe isoliert gegenüber der Kappe anliegt.In the case of a cap in the form of a cap, the shorting device is formed by the flat top surface of the cap and the free, engaging in the center opening of the cap end of a connected to the center electrode spring clip, wherein the short-circuiting device of the flat top surface of the cap and the free formed in the center opening of the cap engaging end of a connected to the center electrode spring clip, wherein the free end of the spring clip by means of a fusion disk and the auxiliary discharge path, which are arranged within the cap, is kept at a distance from the planar top surface of the cap, and the melting disk or the auxiliary discharge path is insulated from the planar top surface of the cap by means of an insulating centering piece. Again, the auxiliary discharge path consists of a varistor, which is isolated by means of the insulating centering. As an auxiliary discharge gap but can also serve a perforated mica foil on which the melt disc is applied in isolation from the cap.

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele von gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildeten Überspannungsableitern sind in den Figuren 1 bis 8 dargestellt. Dabei zeigt

Figur 1
einen Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter mit den Endelektroden zugeordneten Schellen einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Figur 2
einen Zwei-Elektroden-Ableiter mit den beiden Elektroden zugeordneten Schellen einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Figur 3
eine Teilansicht eines Drei-Elektroden-Ableiters mit Schellen gemäß Figur 1 und mit der einen Endelektrode zugeordneter Kurzschlußeinrichtung, die mit einer Hilfsentladungsstrecke kombiniert ist,
Figur 4
eine Variante zu Figur 3 mit einer als Kappe ausgebildeten Hilfselektrode,
Figur 5
eine Variante zu Figur 3 mit starrem Haltebügel für die Kurzschlußeinrichtung und einer der Hilfselektrode zugeordneten Federscheibe. Weiterhin zeigen
Figur 6
einen Zwei-Elektroden-Ableiter mit einer zuzuordnenden Schelle in einer zweiten Ausführungsform (Kappe),
Figur 7
einen Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter mit den Endelektroden zugeordneten Schellen in Form einer Kappe und
Figur 8
eine Teilansicht eines Drei-Elektroden-Ableiters mit Schellen gemäß Figur 7 und mit der einen Endelektrode zugeordneter Kurzschlußeinrichtung, die mit einer Hilfsentladungsstrecke kombiniert ist.
Several embodiments of surge arresters designed according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. It shows
FIG. 1
a three-electrode arrester with the end electrodes associated clamps of a first embodiment,
FIG. 2
a two-electrode arrester with the two electrodes associated clamps of a first embodiment,
FIG. 3
1 shows a partial view of a three-electrode arrester with clamps according to FIG. 1 and with the shorting device assigned to one end electrode, which is combined with an auxiliary discharge path;
FIG. 4
a variant of Figure 3 with an auxiliary electrode designed as a cap,
FIG. 5
a variant of Figure 3 with a rigid headband for the short-circuiting device and a spring plate associated with the auxiliary electrode. Continue to show
FIG. 6
a two-electrode arrester with a clamp to be assigned in a second embodiment (cap),
FIG. 7
a three-electrode arrester with the end electrodes associated clamps in the form of a cap and
FIG. 8
a partial view of a three-electrode arrester with clamps according to Figure 7 and with the one end electrode associated short-circuiting device, which is combined with an auxiliary discharge path.

Figur 1 zeigt in prinzipieller Darstellung einen Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter 1, der beidseits einer Mittelelektrode 13 die beiden Keramikisolatoren 11 und 12 aufweist und auf dessen eine, nicht dargestellte Endelektrode ein elektrischer Anschluß in Form einer eng anliegenden Schelle 2 aufgesetzt ist. Eine gleichartige Schelle 2 ist neben der Endelektrode 14 dargestellt. Diese Schelle, die aus einem ringförmigen Metallband 21 besteht, dessen Enden zu einem Anschluß 22 verlötet oder verschweißt sind, ist am Umfang, etwa gegenüberliegend zum Anschluß 22, mit einer zweischenkligen, klammerartigen Ausbuchtung 23 versehen, wodurch die Schelle 2 in Umfangsrichtung federelastisch ausgebildet ist. Die Schelle kann auf das flanschartige Fußteil 15 der Endelektrode 14 aufgeschoben werden, wobei die Abmessungen des Fußteiles 15 der Endelektrode 14 und der Schelle 2 so gewählt sind, daß ein ausreichender Kontaktdruck gegeben ist. Insbesondere sollte der Durchmesser des Fußteiles 15 geringfügig größer sein als der Durchmesser des Keramikisolators 11 bzw. 12.Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a three-electrode arrester 1, the two ceramic insulators 11 and 12 has on both sides of a central electrode 13 and on the one end electrode, not shown, an electrical connection in the form of a tight-fitting clamp 2 is placed. A similar clamp 2 is shown near the end electrode 14. This clamp, which consists of an annular metal band 21, whose ends are soldered or welded to a terminal 22, is provided on the periphery, approximately opposite to the terminal 22, with a two-legged, bracket-like bulge 23, whereby the clamp 2 is resilient in the circumferential direction , The clamp can be pushed onto the flange-like base part 15 of the end electrode 14, wherein the dimensions of the foot part 15 of the end electrode 14 and the clamp 2 are selected so that a sufficient contact pressure is given. In particular, the diameter of the foot part 15 should be slightly larger than the diameter of the ceramic insulator 11 or 12.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Zwei-Elektroden-Ableiter, der einen Keramikisolator 31, eine erste Endelektrode 33 sowie eine zweite nicht näher dargestellte Endelektrode aufweist, wobei auf jede Endelektrode eine federelastisch ausgebildete Schelle 2 aufgesetzt ist.Figure 2 shows a two-electrode arrester, which has a ceramic insulator 31, a first end electrode 33 and a second end electrode not shown in detail, wherein on each end electrode a resiliently shaped clamp 2 is placed.

Figur 3 zeigt ausschnittsweise einen Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter gemäß Figur 1, der um eine Kurzschlußeinrichtung ergänzt und mit Hilfsentladungsstrecken kombiniert ist. In diesem Fall ist die Breite b der auf die Endelektrode 14 aufgesetzten Schelle 24 so groß gewählt, daß die Schelle nicht nur einen Teil der Oberfläche des Keramikisolators 12 umfaßt, sondern auch axial über die Endelektrode 14 hinausragt. Dadurch ist ein zylindrischer Raum gebildet, in dem eine Scheibe 4 aus einem schmelzbaren Material und ein Abstandhalter 5 in Form eines Varistors angeordnet sind, wobei der Abstandhalter 5 mittels eines gummiartigen Ringes 6 innerhalb der Schelle 24 zentriert angeordnet ist. Der aus Schmelzscheibe 4 und Varistor 5 bestehenden Baugruppe ist noch eine scheibenförmige, mittig gelochte Hilfselektrode 7 zugeordnet, die an dem Abstandhalter/Varistor 5 anliegt und mittels des freien Endes eines an der Mittelelektrode 13 fixierten Federbügels 8 gehalten ist. - Im Überlastfall schmilzt die Schmelzscheibe 4, woraufhin die Hilfselektrode 7 den Rand der Schelle 24 kontaktiert.Figure 3 shows a detail of a three-electrode arrester according to Figure 1, which is supplemented by a short-circuiting device and combined with auxiliary discharge paths. In this case the width b of the clamp 24 placed on the end electrode 14 is so large that the clamp not only covers part of the surface of the ceramic insulator 12 but also projects axially beyond the end electrode 14. As a result, a cylindrical space is formed, in which a disc 4 made of a fusible material and a spacer 5 are arranged in the form of a varistor, wherein the spacer 5 is arranged centered by means of a rubber-like ring 6 within the clamp 24. The assembly consisting of melt disk 4 and varistor 5 is still associated with a disk-shaped, centrally perforated auxiliary electrode 7, which bears against the spacer / varistor 5 and is held by means of the free end of a fixed to the center electrode 13 spring clip 8. - In case of overload melts the melting disk 4, whereupon the auxiliary electrode 7 contacts the edge of the clamp 24.

Figur 4 zeigt eine Variante zu Figur 3, wobei der wesentliche Unterschied darin besteht, daß anstelle einer scheibenförmigen Hilfselektrode eine kappenförmige Hilfselektrode 84 vorgesehen ist, in welcher eine Schmelzscheibe 41 und ein Abstandhalter/Varistor 5 angeordnet sind und deren Rand 85 innerhalb des überragenden Bereiches der Schelle 24 dem Fußteil 15 der Endelektrode gegenübersteht. Die Hilfselektrode 84 ist mittels eines Isolierringes 10 zentriert angeordnet und zur Schelle 24 isoliert auf Abstand gehalten.FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that, instead of a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode, a cap-shaped auxiliary electrode 84 is provided, in which a fusible disc 41 and a spacer / varistor 5 are arranged and whose edge 85 is within the projecting region of FIG Clamp 24 faces the foot part 15 of the end electrode. The auxiliary electrode 84 is centered by means of an insulating ring 10 and kept isolated from the clamp 24 at a distance.

Figur 5 zeigt eine andere Variante zu Figur 3, wobei der wesentliche Unterschied darin besteht, daß der Kontakt zur Mittelelektrode 13 über einen nicht federnden, U-förmigen Bügel 82 hergestellt ist, der eine Federscheibe 83 gegen die Hilfselektrode 71 drückt. Die Federscheibe - rechts vom Ableiter im entspannten Zustand gezeigt - liegt an der scheibenförmigen Hilfselektrode 71 an, die beidseits mit Zentrierflächen 72 bzw. 73 zur zentrischen Zuordnung der Federscheibe 83 und zur zentrischen Zuordnung des Abstandhalters/Varistors 5 innerhalb des überragenden Bereiches der Schelle 24 versehen ist.FIG. 5 shows another variant of FIG. 3, the essential difference being that the contact with the center electrode 13 is made via a non-resilient U-shaped bracket 82 which presses a spring washer 83 against the auxiliary electrode 71. The spring washer - shown to the right of the arrester in the relaxed state - is located on the disc-shaped Auxiliary electrode 71, which is provided on both sides with centering surfaces 72 and 73 for the centric assignment of the spring washer 83 and for the centric assignment of the spacer / varistor 5 within the protruding portion of the clamp 24.

Figur 6 zeigt einen Zwei-Elektroden-Ableiter 3 mit Keramikisolator 31 und Endelektroden 33 und 34, wobei jeder Endelektrode eine Schelle 25 in Form einer Kappe mit einem hohlzylindrischen Randbereich 26 und einem planen, mit einer Mittelöffnung 28 versehenen Deckbereich 27 zugeordnet werden soll. Die Kappe 25 ist weiterhin mit einem Stromanschluß 29 ausgeführt. Weiterhin ist die Kappe am Umfang des Randbereiches 26 mit mehreren punkt- oder sickenartigen Eindrückungen 30 versehen, die beim Aufschieben der Kappe 25 auf eine Endelektrode bewirken, daß die Kappe federnd am Fußbereich der jeweiligen Endelektrode anliegt und diese kontaktiert.FIG. 6 shows a two-electrode arrester 3 with ceramic insulator 31 and end electrodes 33 and 34, wherein each end electrode is to be assigned a clamp 25 in the form of a cap with a hollow-cylindrical edge region 26 and a planar cover region 27 provided with a central opening 28. The cap 25 is further designed with a power connection 29. Furthermore, the cap on the circumference of the edge region 26 is provided with a plurality of point or bead-like indentations 30 which cause when pushing the cap 25 to an end electrode that the cap is resiliently applied to the foot region of the respective end electrode and contacted.

Figur 7 zeigt einen Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter 1, auf dessen Endelektroden jeweils eine Kappe 25 aufgesetzt ist. - Gemäß Figur 8 kann bei einem Drei-Elektroden-Ableiter gemäß Figur 7 die Kappe ebenfalls Teil einer mit der Mittelelektrode 13 verbundenen Kurzschlußeinrichtung und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich einer zur Gasentladungsstrecke des Ableiters elektrisch parallel geschalteten Hilfsentladungsstrecke sein. Hierzu ist eine Kappe 25 mit ausreichender Höhe h verwendet, um innerhalb der Kappe eine Schmelzscheibe 4 und einen Abstandhalter 5 anordnen zu können, wobei der Abstandhalter in Form eines Varistors unter Verwendung eines isolierenden Zentrierstückes 9 angeordnet ist, um im normalen Betriebszustand einen Kurzschluß zwischen dem freien Ende 84 des Federbügels 8 und der Kappe 25 zu unterbinden.FIG. 7 shows a three-electrode arrester 1, on whose end electrodes a respective cap 25 is placed. According to FIG. 8, in the case of a three-electrode arrester according to FIG. 7, the cap can also be part of a short-circuiting device connected to the center electrode 13 and optionally additionally an auxiliary discharge path connected in parallel electrically to the gas discharge path of the arrester. For this purpose, a cap 25 is used with sufficient height h, to arrange within the cap a fuser disc 4 and a spacer 5, wherein the spacer is arranged in the form of a varistor using an insulating centering 9 to a short circuit in the normal operating state between the free end 84 of the spring clip 8 and the cap 25 to prevent.

Claims (13)

  1. Gas-filled surge arrester (1) comprising at least two electrodes, of which two electrodes (14) are formed as end electrodes with a flange-like base part (15), and comprising at least one hollow-cylindrical ceramic insulator (12), which is soldered at the end faces to the base part (15) of an end electrode and to a further electrode (13), the base part (15) of each end electrode being assigned an electrical connection in the form of a close-fitting clip (2, 24, 25), which also encloses the ceramic insulator (12), adjoining the base part (15), over part of its axial length and the radially protruding ends (22) of which are connected to each other with a material bond, characterized in that each clip (2; 24, 25) is formed flexibly in the circumferential direction.
  2. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 1, characterized in that the clip (2) is provided with a two-limb, clamp-like protuberance (23).
  3. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 1 or 2, in which, apart from two end electrodes, a central electrode is arranged as a third electrode (13), characterized in that the clip (24) protrudes axially beyond the base part (14) of the respective end electrode, the protruding region being assigned parts of a short-circuit device (4, 5, 7, 24) electrically connected to the central electrode.
  4. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 3, characterized in that the protruding region of the clip (24) is additionally assigned parts of an auxiliary discharge path (5) arranged electrically in parallel with the gas discharge path.
  5. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 4, characterized in that the short-circuit device has a disc-shaped auxiliary electrode (7), the diameter of which is at least equal to the outside diameter of the clip (24) and which is kept at a distance from the edge of the clip by means of a fusible disc (4) and a spacer (5), which are arranged within the protruding part of the clip, and is pressed against the spacer (5) by means of a spring (8).
  6. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 5, characterized in that the spacer (5) comprises a varistor.
  7. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the spring is fixed by means of a U-shaped brace (82) that is fastened to the central electrode.
  8. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 7, characterized in that the spring is formed as a spiral spring or as a spring lock washer (83).
  9. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 1, characterized in that the clip has the form of a cap (25) with a hollow-cylindrical edge region (26) and a planar top region (27), provided with a central opening (28), the edge region (26) being provided at the circumference with a number of bead-like impressions (30) lying against the base part of the respective end electrode (33).
  10. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 9, in which, apart from two end electrodes, a central electrode is arranged as a third electrode, characterized in that the clip (25) protrudes axially beyond the base part (15) of the respective end electrode (14), the protruding region being part of a short-circuit device (4; 84) electrically connected to the central electrode (13).
  11. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 9, characterized in that the clip (25) is additionally part of an auxiliary discharge path (5) arranged electrically parallel to the gas discharge path.
  12. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 11, characterized in that the short-circuit device is formed by the planar top face (27) of the cap (25) and by the free end (84), reaching into the central opening (28) of the cap, of a spring brace (8) connected to the central electrode (13), the free end (84) of the spring brace being kept at a distance from the planar top face (27) of the cap by means of a fusible disc (4) and the auxiliary discharge path (5), which are arranged inside the cap (25), and the fusible disc (4) or the auxiliary discharge path (5) being insulated from the planar top face (27) of the cap (25) by means of an insulating centring piece (9).
  13. Gas-filled surge arrester according to Claim 12, characterized in that the auxiliary discharge path (5) comprises a varistor which is arranged in an insulated manner by means of the insulating centring piece (9).
EP00945608A 1999-06-16 2000-06-07 Gaz-filled surge diverter with electrode connections in the shape of band-type clips Expired - Lifetime EP1234361B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19928322 1999-06-16
DE19928322A DE19928322A1 (en) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 Gas-filled surge arrester with electrode connections in the form of band-like clamps
PCT/DE2000/001862 WO2000077900A2 (en) 1999-06-16 2000-06-07 Gaz-filled surge diverter with electrode connections in the shape of band-type clips

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1234361A2 EP1234361A2 (en) 2002-08-28
EP1234361B1 true EP1234361B1 (en) 2007-08-22

Family

ID=7911981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00945608A Expired - Lifetime EP1234361B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2000-06-07 Gaz-filled surge diverter with electrode connections in the shape of band-type clips

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6724605B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1234361B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003502811A (en)
AT (1) ATE371284T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2376905A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19928322A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000077900A2 (en)

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DE10059534C1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2002-06-27 Epcos Ag Electrical component, arrangement of the component and method for producing the arrangement
DE10134752B4 (en) * 2001-07-17 2005-01-27 Epcos Ag Surge arresters
DE10162916A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-10 Epcos Ag Spring clip, surge arrester with the spring clip and arrangement of a surge arrester
DE10253166A1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-27 Epcos Ag Contact elements for electrodes of gas-filled over-voltage discharge system have rod or strap electrodes extending tangentially from C-shaped clamps
EP1774630B1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2011-02-02 Huber+Suhner AG Automatically-triggering surge arrester arrangement and use of such a surge arrester arrangement
DE102005016848A1 (en) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-19 Epcos Ag Surge arresters
US7974063B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2011-07-05 Corning Cable Systems, Llc Hybrid surge protector for a network interface device
US8125752B2 (en) * 2009-04-17 2012-02-28 John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc. Coaxial broadband surge protector

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2376905A1 (en) 2000-12-21
WO2000077900A3 (en) 2002-06-20
WO2000077900A2 (en) 2000-12-21
JP2003502811A (en) 2003-01-21
EP1234361A2 (en) 2002-08-28
DE50014594D1 (en) 2007-10-04
US6724605B1 (en) 2004-04-20
ATE371284T1 (en) 2007-09-15
DE19928322A1 (en) 2000-12-21

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