EP1233232A2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Lighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1233232A2
EP1233232A2 EP01128283A EP01128283A EP1233232A2 EP 1233232 A2 EP1233232 A2 EP 1233232A2 EP 01128283 A EP01128283 A EP 01128283A EP 01128283 A EP01128283 A EP 01128283A EP 1233232 A2 EP1233232 A2 EP 1233232A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
lighting device
elements
shell
led element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01128283A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1233232B1 (en
EP1233232A3 (en
Inventor
Armin Marcus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Happich Fahrzeug und Industrieteile GmbH
Original Assignee
Happich Fahrzeug und Industrieteile GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Happich Fahrzeug und Industrieteile GmbH filed Critical Happich Fahrzeug und Industrieteile GmbH
Publication of EP1233232A2 publication Critical patent/EP1233232A2/en
Publication of EP1233232A3 publication Critical patent/EP1233232A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1233232B1 publication Critical patent/EP1233232B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
    • F21S4/28—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports rigid, e.g. LED bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/03—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type
    • F21S8/032—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of surface-mounted type the surface being a floor or like ground surface, e.g. pavement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/002—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips making direct electrical contact, e.g. by piercing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting device with a three-wire Conductor strip, one behind the other in the axial direction arranged LED elements is electrically connected, each LED element from one also the conductor strip at the level of each LED element surrounding, at least partially translucent plastic housing is recorded.
  • DE 196 27 856 A1 shows a lighting strip with a lighting device of the generic type a multi-core conductor strip, which is arranged in series with one another LED elements is populated on, the conductor strip from a variety of cut-to-length conductor strip sections lined up in the axial direction exists, each between two axially adjacent Conductor strip sections a circuit board electrically connected to these is arranged and each circuit board with an LED element is equipped.
  • the individual wires of the conductor strip are covered with insulation, that the insulation at the end areas of each conductor strip section is removed, and that the connection between the respective end of a Conductor section and the respective circuit board via electrical conductive contact elements is made, between the contact elements and the wires of the conductor strip section each have a crimp connection and between the contact elements and the conductor tracks of the Printed circuit board is provided with a rivet connection.
  • the well-known lighting bar further shows that the end regions of the conductor strip sections, the contact elements, the circuit boards and the LED elements each in an at least partially translucent and direct Overmoulding plastic housing formed with a plastic material are encapsulated.
  • the invention is based on a lighting device at the beginning mentioned type the task, this compared to the shown State of the art in both design and manufacture to simplify considerably.
  • the double-shell design of the plastic housing enables simple Insert an LED element, an axial conductor strip area and electrical Contact means in one of the half-shells, the simple manufacture of a electrical connection between the LED element and each need Conducting the conductor strip and simply closing the plastic housing by means of the lid shell. Because the plus conductor and the minus conductor run through and only the center conductor is interrupted, results compared to the state of the art, a considerable amount of work saved relating to the stripping process.
  • the measure according to claim 2 which is preferably provided, allows one pure plug-in assembly of the electrically conductive to be connected together Individual parts and thus represents a particularly easy to accomplish and a particularly cost-effective solution, especially for the production of electrical connections, neither a stripping process nor the use of Printed circuit boards or the like is required.
  • the measure according to claim 3 is provided for the cases in which special demands are placed on quality and functional reliability should be.
  • the measure according to claim 5 ensures that the known Lighting strip still required resistors can be omitted, what to simplify and cheapen the lighting device according to the invention contributes.
  • the lighting device has a three-wire conductor strip 2, which is in series successively arranged LED elements 3 is conductively connected, wherein each LED element 3 of one also the conductor strip 2 in the amount of one each LED element surrounding, preferably crystal clear Plastic housing 4 is included (see also Fig. 1a).
  • the or each plastic housing 4 has one two-shell design with a first shell 9 and a second shell 10 on.
  • the first shell 9 forms the upper housing shell and the second shell 10 the lower housing shell.
  • the Shells 9 and 10 which can be fixed to one another via clip elements 8, have complementary semicircular recordings 11 for the recording the continuous positive conductor 5, the continuous negative conductor 6 and the in the area of each plastic housing 4 interrupted center conductor 7 and a circumferential receiving groove for a sealing properties Adhesive (not shown).
  • a connecting or distributor groove 15 in the Shell 9 is provided.
  • the distributor groove 15 ends at stripped, the respective core 16 exposing areas of the conductors 5-7.
  • the first shell 9 forms the Upper housing shell which is molded with the one-piece and uniform material Lens 14 is formed and the second shell 10 is the lower housing shell.
  • the shell 9 are receptacles 11 for the conductors 5-7, a recess 13 for an LED element 3, possibly a circumferential receiving groove for a Sealant / adhesive, not shown, and free spaces for the arrangement of metallic contact elements 17 provided by appropriate Recordings and the like can be added to the second shell 10.
  • the electrical contact elements 17 are, for. B. made of tinned copper sheet formed and designed so that they each have an LED element 3 and on the other hand with the positive conductor 5 (or negative conductor 6) and the middle conductor 7 come into contact.
  • the metallic contact elements 17 point upwards angled material tab 18 with accessible from above Recesses 19 on, the recess edges as cutting to cut through the insulation of the positive conductors 5 surrounding the core 16, the negative conductor 6 and the middle conductor 7 are formed. It goes without saying that the opening width of the recesses 19 in such a way on the respective Coordinating the conductor diameter is that a safe cut and a secure contacting of the respective conductor core 16 is guaranteed.
  • Fig. 3 shows the two-shell plastic housing 4 without the conductors 5-7, while 4, the plastic housing 4 is equipped with the conductors 5-7. 5 leaves the arrangement of the new lighting device in the receiving channel 20 recognize a profile strip 21, which is an escape route marking, Orientation, decoration, or the like. Profile 21 act can.
  • FIG. 6 Design and design of the lens 14 already mentioned, shown on a scale. This has a flattened head surface 22 which extends over a radius 23 in a cone 24 merges, the lower end with the top surface of the shell 10 of the plastic housing 4 coincides. Maintaining the LED element 3 the lens 14 has a cylindrical recess 25 with a rounded Transition to the recess floor on. The cone angle is on the Vertical reference 30 °.
  • the lens 14 was designed using of the Refraction Act and taking into account the material constant of the the manufacture of the lens 14 material used. With that could face a light distribution with a previously common beam angle of 120 ° a light distribution with a beam angle of 180 ° can be achieved.
  • the lines 26 indicate a radiation angle of 120 °, while the lines 27 illustrate a beam angle of 180 ° because the lens 14 penetrating rays in point 28 a corresponding change in direction Experienced.
  • lens 14 as an integral part of a Housing shell is shown, it is of course within the scope of the invention, to provide a separately manufactured lens 14 for each LED element 3. It is also conceivable for LED elements 3 to be arranged on them from home, to use the light-emitting diodes in the manner shown, lenses 14.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown, but also includes all those having the same effect in the sense of the invention Versions. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to that defined in claim 1 Characteristic combination limited, but can also by any any other combination of certain features all together disclosed individual features can be defined. This means that basically omitted each individual feature of claim 1 or by at least an individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application documents can be replaced. The present claim 1 is thus the first To understand formulation attempt for the labeling of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Abstract

Beschrieben wird eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit einem dreiadrigen Leiterstreifen (2), der in axialer Richtung mit in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten LED-Elementen (3) elektrisch leitend verbunden ist, wobei jedes LED-Element (3) von einem auch den Leiterstreifen (2) in Höhe eines jeden LED-Elements (3) umgebenden, zumindest bereichsweise lichtdurchlässigen Kunststoffgehäuse (4) aufgenommen ist. Dabei besteht das Kunststoffgehäuse (4) aus zwei Schalen (9, 10), von denen die eine als Aufnahmeschale für die Aufnahme eines LED-Elements (3), eines axialen Leiterstreifenbereichs und elektrisch leitender Kontaktmittel und die andere Schale als Deckelschale vorgesehen ist, die unter Einschluß von Dichtmittel an der ersten Schale festgelegt ist, und daß der dreiadrige Leiterstreifen (2) einen durchlaufenden Plusleiter (5), einen durchlaufenden Minusleiter (6) und einen unterbrochenen, sich von LED-Element (3) zu LED-Element (3) erstreckenden Mittelleiter (7) umfaßt. <IMAGE>The invention relates to a lighting device with a three-wire conductor strip (2), which is electrically conductively connected in the axial direction to LED elements (3) arranged in series one behind the other, each LED element (3) including the conductor strip (2) in height of each LED element (3) surrounding, at least partially translucent plastic housing (4) is accommodated. The plastic housing (4) consists of two shells (9, 10), one of which is provided as a receiving shell for receiving an LED element (3), an axial conductor strip area and electrically conductive contact means, and the other shell is provided as a cover shell including sealant is fixed to the first shell, and that the three-wire conductor strip (2) has a continuous positive conductor (5), a continuous negative conductor (6) and an interrupted LED element (3) to LED element (3 ) extending center conductor (7). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit einem dreiadrigen Leiterstreifen, der in axialer Richtung mit in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten LED-Elementen elektrisch leitend verbunden ist, wobei jedes LED-Element von einem auch den Leiterstreifen in Höhe eines jeden LED-Elements umgebenden, zumindest bereichsweise lichtdurchlässigen Kunststoffgehäuse aufgenommen ist.The invention relates to a lighting device with a three-wire Conductor strip, one behind the other in the axial direction arranged LED elements is electrically connected, each LED element from one also the conductor strip at the level of each LED element surrounding, at least partially translucent plastic housing is recorded.

Die DE 196 27 856 A1 zeigt eine Beleuchtungsleiste mit einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art. die Beleuchtungsleiste weist einen mehradrigen Leiterstreifen, der mit in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten LED-Elementen bestückt ist, auf, wobei der Leiterstreifen aus einer Vielzahl von abgelängten, in axialer Richtung aneinandergereihten Leiterstreifenabschnitten besteht, wobei jeweils zwischen zwei axial aneinandergrenzenden Leiterstreifenabschnitten eine mit diesen elektrisch leitend verbundene Leiterplatte angeordnet ist und wobei jede Leiterplatte mit einem LED-Element bestückt ist. Bei der bekannten Beleuchtungsleiste ist weiterhin gezeigt, dass die einzelnen Adern des Leiterstreifens mit einer Isolierung umhüllt sind, dass die Isolierung an den Endbereichen jedes Leiterstreifenabschnitts entfernt ist, und dass die Verbindung zwischen dem jeweiligen Ende eines Leiterstreifenabschnitts und der jeweiligen Leiterplatte über elektrisch leitende Kontaktelemente hergestellt ist, wobei zwischen den Kontaktelementen und den Adern des Leiterstreifenabschnitts jeweils eine Crimpverbindung und zwischen den Kontaktelementen und den Leiterbahnen der Leiterplatte jeweils eine Nietverbindung vorgesehen ist. Die bekannte Beleuchtungsleiste zeigt weiterhin, dass die Endbereiche der Leiterstreifenabschnitte, die Kontaktelemente, die Leiterplatten und die LED-Elemente jeweils in einem zumindest bereichsweise lichtdurchlässigen und durch unmittelbares Umspritzen mit einem Kunststoffmaterial gebildetes Kunststoffgehäuse eingekapselt sind.DE 196 27 856 A1 shows a lighting strip with a lighting device of the generic type a multi-core conductor strip, which is arranged in series with one another LED elements is populated on, the conductor strip from a variety of cut-to-length conductor strip sections lined up in the axial direction exists, each between two axially adjacent Conductor strip sections a circuit board electrically connected to these is arranged and each circuit board with an LED element is equipped. In the known lighting strip it is also shown that the individual wires of the conductor strip are covered with insulation, that the insulation at the end areas of each conductor strip section is removed, and that the connection between the respective end of a Conductor section and the respective circuit board via electrical conductive contact elements is made, between the contact elements and the wires of the conductor strip section each have a crimp connection and between the contact elements and the conductor tracks of the Printed circuit board is provided with a rivet connection. The well-known lighting bar further shows that the end regions of the conductor strip sections, the contact elements, the circuit boards and the LED elements each in an at least partially translucent and direct Overmoulding plastic housing formed with a plastic material are encapsulated.

Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend von einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese gegenüber dem aufgezeigten Stand der Technik sowohl in der Ausgestaltung als auch in der Herstellung wesentlich zu vereinfachen.The invention is based on a lighting device at the beginning mentioned type the task, this compared to the shown State of the art in both design and manufacture to simplify considerably.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst, während in den Unteransprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gekennzeichnet sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved with those specified in claim 1 Features solved, while advantageous further developments in the dependent claims and expedient embodiments of the invention are.

Die zweischalige Ausbildung des Kunststoffgehäuses ermöglicht ein einfaches Einlegen eines LED-Elements, eines axialen Leiterstreifenbereichs und elektrischer Kontaktmittel in eine der Halbschalen, die einfache Herstellung einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen dem LED-Element und den jeweils benötigen Leitern des Leiterstreifens und ein einfaches Verschließen des Kunststoffgehäuses mittels der Deckelschale. Da der Plusleiter und der Minusleiter durchlaufen und nur der Mittelleiter unterbrochen ausgebildet ist, ergibt sich gegenüber dem Stand der Technik eine beachtliche Arbeitseinsparung auch in bezug auf den Abisoliervorgang. The double-shell design of the plastic housing enables simple Insert an LED element, an axial conductor strip area and electrical Contact means in one of the half-shells, the simple manufacture of a electrical connection between the LED element and each need Conducting the conductor strip and simply closing the plastic housing by means of the lid shell. Because the plus conductor and the minus conductor run through and only the center conductor is interrupted, results compared to the state of the art, a considerable amount of work saved relating to the stripping process.

Die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 2, die bevorzugt vorgesehen ist, erlaubt eine reine Steckmontage der elektrisch leitend miteinander zu verbindenden Einzelteile und stellt damit eine besonders einfach zu bewerkstelligende und eine besonders kostengünstige Lösung dar, zumal für die Herstellung der elektrischen Verbindungen weder ein Abisoliervorgang noch ein Einsatz von Leiterplatten oder dgl. erforderlich ist.The measure according to claim 2, which is preferably provided, allows one pure plug-in assembly of the electrically conductive to be connected together Individual parts and thus represents a particularly easy to accomplish and a particularly cost-effective solution, especially for the production of electrical connections, neither a stripping process nor the use of Printed circuit boards or the like is required.

Die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 3 ist für die Fälle vorgesehen, bei denen besondere Anforderungen an die Qualität und Funktionssicherheit gestellt werden sollten.The measure according to claim 3 is provided for the cases in which special demands are placed on quality and functional reliability should be.

Eine bereichsweise Abisolierung ist nötig, wenn von der Maßnahme nach Anspruch 4 Gebrauch gemacht wird, die aber gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil einer direkten elektrischen Verbindung zwischen dem Leiterstreifen und den LED-Elementen unter Fortfall von bisher erforderlichen Leiterplatten bietet.Stripping in some areas is necessary if the measure according to claim 4 use is made, but compared to the prior art the advantage of a direct electrical connection between the conductor strips and the LED elements, eliminating the previously required Offers printed circuit boards.

Durch die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 5 wird erreicht, dass die bei der bekannten Beleuchtungsleiste noch benötigten Widerstände entfallen können, was zur Vereinfachung und Verbilligung der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungseinrichtung beiträgt.The measure according to claim 5 ensures that the known Lighting strip still required resistors can be omitted, what to simplify and cheapen the lighting device according to the invention contributes.

Weitere besonders zweckmäßige Ausbildungen und Gestaltungsmerkmale der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 6 bis 13 angegeben. Dabei kommt den Maßnahmen nach den Ansprüchen 11 und 12 insofern eine besondere Bedeutung zu, als sich hierdurch die Forderungen der IMO (Internationale Maritime Organisation, eine Unterorganisation der UNO) für Fluchtwegemarkierungen auf Passagierschiffen, optimal erfüllen lassen, wobei zu bemerken ist, dass der Erfindungsgegenstand gemäß Anspruch 11 oder insbesondere 12 auch für diesen Einsatzfall vorgesehen ist. Other particularly useful training and design features of Invention are given in claims 6 to 13. Here comes the Measures according to claims 11 and 12 are of particular importance to as a result of this the requirements of the IMO (Internationale Maritime Organization, a sub-organization of the UN) for escape route markings on passenger ships, let it be optimally fulfilled, being noted is that the subject of the invention according to claim 11 or 12 in particular is also provided for this application.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert, und es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schaltplan bzw. ein mit acht LED-Elementen bestücktes Segment der Beleuchtungseinrichtung (vgl. auch Fig. 1a),
Fig. 2
ein einzelnes zweischaliges Kunststoffgehäuse eines Segments nach Fig. 1, 1a mit einem in einer Gehäuseschale angeordneten LED-Element und einem Leiterstreifen,
Fig. 3
ein zweischaliges Kunststoffgehäuse in einer mit metallischen Kontaktelementen bestückten Ausführungsform ohne Leiterstreifen,
Fig. 4
das Kunststoffgehäuse nach Fig. 3 mit Leiterstreifen,
Fig. 5
das Kunststoffgehäuse nach Fig. 3 und 4 mit Leiterstreifen, der zu einem benachbarten von einer Profilleiste aufgenommenen Kunststoffgehäuse weitergeführt ist und
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt V - V nach Fig. 5.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1
a circuit diagram or a segment of the lighting device equipped with eight LED elements (cf. also FIG. 1a),
Fig. 2
1, a single double-shell plastic housing of a segment according to FIG. 1, with an LED element arranged in a housing shell and a conductor strip,
Fig. 3
a double-shell plastic housing in an embodiment equipped with metallic contact elements without conductor strips,
Fig. 4
3 with conductor strips,
Fig. 5
3 and 4 with conductor strips, which is continued to an adjacent plastic housing received by a profile strip and
Fig. 6
a section V - V of FIG. 5.

Fig. 1 zeigt nach Art eines Schaltplans ein Segment 1 einer aus mehreren Segmenten aneinandergereihten Beleuchtungseinrichtung. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung weist einen dreiadrigen Leiterstreifen 2 auf, der mit in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten LED-Elementen 3 leitend verbunden ist, wobei jedes LED-Element 3 von einem auch den Leiterstreifen 2 in Höhe eines jeden LED-Elements umgebenden, vorzugsweise glasklar ausgebildeten Kunststoffgehäuse 4 aufgenommen ist (vgl. auch Fig. 1a).1 shows a segment 1 of one of several in the manner of a circuit diagram Segments of lighting equipment lined up. The lighting device has a three-wire conductor strip 2, which is in series successively arranged LED elements 3 is conductively connected, wherein each LED element 3 of one also the conductor strip 2 in the amount of one each LED element surrounding, preferably crystal clear Plastic housing 4 is included (see also Fig. 1a).

Das Segment 1 nach Fig. 1 verfügt über acht, jeweils in einem Kunststoffgehäuse 4 angeordnete, LED-Elemente 3 (es können auch mehr oder weniger vorgesehen sein) und über einen Leiterstreifen 2 mit einem durchlaufenden Plusleiter 5, einem durchlaufenden Minusleiter 6 und einem, beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 siebenmal reihengeschalteten Mittelleiter 7 als Widerstandskabel. Bei einer Versuchsanordnung hat sich ein siebenmal reihengeschalteter Mittelleiter 7 als Widerstandskabel mit 90,3 Ohm pro Segment 1 ausgelegt, als besonders zweckmäßig erwiesen.1 has eight, each in a plastic housing 4 arranged, LED elements 3 (it can also more or less be provided) and a conductor strip 2 with a continuous Plus conductor 5, a continuous minus conductor 6 and one, in the exemplary embodiment 1 seven times series-connected center conductor 7 as Resistance cable. In an experimental setup, there has been a seven times Series-connected center conductor 7 as a resistance cable with 90.3 ohms per segment 1 designed, proven to be particularly useful.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, weist das bzw. jedes Kunststoffgehäuse 4 eine zweischalige Ausbildung mit einer ersten Schale 9 und einer zweiten Schale 10 auf. Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 bildet die erste Schale 9 die Gehäuseoberschale und die zweite Schale 10 die Gehäuseunterschale. Die Schalen 9 und 10, die über Klipselemente 8 aneinander festlegbar sind, weisen sich ergänzende halbrund gestaltete Aufnahmen 11 für die Aufnahme des durchlaufenden Plusleiters 5, des durchlaufenden Minusleiters 6 und des im Bereich jedes Kunststoffgehäuses 4 unterbrochenen Mittelleiters 7 sowie eine umlaufende Aufnahmenut für ein auch Dichtungseigenschaften aufweisenden Klebemittels (nicht gezeigt) auf.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the or each plastic housing 4 has one two-shell design with a first shell 9 and a second shell 10 on. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the first shell 9 forms the upper housing shell and the second shell 10 the lower housing shell. The Shells 9 and 10, which can be fixed to one another via clip elements 8, have complementary semicircular recordings 11 for the recording the continuous positive conductor 5, the continuous negative conductor 6 and the in the area of each plastic housing 4 interrupted center conductor 7 and a circumferential receiving groove for a sealing properties Adhesive (not shown).

In einer Ausnehmung 13 der ersten Schale 9, die in einer z. B. in Fig. 5 gezeigten Linse 14 einmündet, sitzt ein darin eingestecktes LED-Element 3. Zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen dem LED-Element 3, dem Plusleiter 5 (oder dem Minusleiter 6) und dem Mittelleiter 7 dient hier ein nicht dargestelltes Mittel, vorzugsweise in Form eines Kontaktklebers für dessen Aufnahme eine Verbindungs- bzw. Verteilernut 15 in der Schale 9 vorgesehen ist. Die Verteilernut 15 endet jeweils an abisolierten, den jeweiligen Kern 16 freilegenden Bereichen der Leiter 5 - 7.In a recess 13 of the first shell 9, which in a z. B. shown in Fig. 5 If lens 14 opens out, an LED element 3 inserted therein sits. To establish an electrical connection between the LED element 3, the positive conductor 5 (or the negative conductor 6) and the middle conductor 7 here an agent, not shown, preferably in the form of a contact adhesive for its inclusion a connecting or distributor groove 15 in the Shell 9 is provided. The distributor groove 15 ends at stripped, the respective core 16 exposing areas of the conductors 5-7.

Bei der Fertigung einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit Kunststoffgehäusen 4 und Verbindungsmittel nach Fig. 2 kann etwa wie folgt vorgegangen werden: Die Oberschalen (erste Schalen 9) von möglichst zwei Segmenten 1, werden von einem länglichen, nicht gezeigten Vorrichtungstisch aufgenommen. Die durchgängigen Plusleiter 5 und Minusleiter 6 werden in den notwendigen Bereichen abisoliert und durchgängig gespannt in die Aufnahmen 11 der ersten Schalen 9 eingelegt. Der Mittelleiter 7 wird auf Länge abisoliert und ebenfalls in die zugehörigen Aufnahmen 11 eingelegt. Eingelegt werden auch die LED-Elemente 3 in die Ausnehmungen 13. Alsdann erfolgt die elektrische Verbindung durch Applikation eines Kontaktklebers und durch Aktivieren des Kontaktklebers z. B. in einem Wärmeofen oder durch örtliche Heizgeräte. Die Unterschalen (zweite Schalen 10) werden auf die Oberschalen aufgesetzt und mit diesen verklipst. Die soweit auf dem Vorrichtungstisch fertiggestellte Beleuchtungseinrichtung kann nun mit einer verschiebbaren Kleberdosieranlage abgedichtet werden, wobei sich die Abdichtung auf die Kunststoffgehäuse 4 bzw. auf die Abdichtung und dauerhafte Festlegung von deren Schalen 9 und 10 aneinander bezieht. Für die Zuführung des Klebers können die zweiten Schalen 10 mit jeweils einer nicht gezeigten Kleberzuführöffnung und ggf. auch mit jeweils einer nicht gezeigten Entlüftungsöffnung versehen sein.When manufacturing a lighting device with plastic housings 4 and connecting means according to FIG. 2 can be operated as follows: The upper shells (first shells 9) of two segments 1, if possible received by an elongated device table, not shown. The continuous positive conductor 5 and negative conductor 6 are in the necessary areas stripped and continuously tensioned in the recordings 11 of the first Bowls 9 inserted. The middle conductor 7 is stripped to length and also inserted into the associated receptacles 11. The are also inserted LED elements 3 in the recesses 13. Then the electrical Connection by applying a contact adhesive and by activating the Contact adhesive z. B. in a heating oven or by local heaters. The lower shells (second shells 10) are placed on the upper shells and clipped with them. The one so far completed on the jig table Lighting device can now with a sliding glue metering system be sealed, with the seal on the plastic housing 4 or on the sealing and permanent determination of their Shells 9 and 10 relate to each other. For feeding the glue you can the second shells 10, each with an adhesive feed opening, not shown and optionally also provided with a ventilation opening, not shown his.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 3, 4 und 5 bildet die erste Schale 9 die Gehäuseoberschale welche mit der einstückig und materialeinheitlich angeformten Linse 14 ausgebildet ist und die zweite Schale 10 die Gehäuseunterschale. In der Schale 9 sind Aufnahmen 11 für die Leiter 5 - 7, eine Ausnehmung 13 für ein LED-Element 3, ggf. eine umlaufende Aufnahmenut für ein nicht gezeigtes Dicht-/Klebemittel und Freiräume für die Anordnung von metallischen Kontaktelementen 17 vorgesehen, die durch entsprechende Aufnahmen und dgl. in der zweiten Schale 10 ergänzt werden.3, 4 and 5, the first shell 9 forms the Upper housing shell which is molded with the one-piece and uniform material Lens 14 is formed and the second shell 10 is the lower housing shell. In the shell 9 are receptacles 11 for the conductors 5-7, a recess 13 for an LED element 3, possibly a circumferential receiving groove for a Sealant / adhesive, not shown, and free spaces for the arrangement of metallic contact elements 17 provided by appropriate Recordings and the like can be added to the second shell 10.

Die elektrischen Kontaktelemente 17 sind z. B. aus verzinntem Kupferblech gebildet und so gestaltet, dass sie zum einen jeweils mit einem LED-Element 3 und zum anderen mit dem Plusleiter 5 (oder Minusleiter 6) und dem Mittelleiter 7 in Kontaktberührung kommen. Die metallischen Kontaktelemente 17 weisen nach oben abgewinkelte Materiallappen 18 mit von oben her zugänglichen Ausnehmungen 19 auf, wobei die Ausnehmungsränder als Schneiden zum Durchtrennen der den Kern 16 umgebenden Isolierung der Plusleiter 5, der Minusleiter 6 und der Mittelleiter 7 ausgebildet sind. Es versteht sich, dass die Öffnungsweite der Ausnehmungen 19 derart auf den jeweiligen Leiterdruchmesser abzustimmen ist, dass ein sicheres Durchtrennen und eine sichere Kontaktierung des jeweiligen Leiterkerns 16 gewährleistet ist.The electrical contact elements 17 are, for. B. made of tinned copper sheet formed and designed so that they each have an LED element 3 and on the other hand with the positive conductor 5 (or negative conductor 6) and the middle conductor 7 come into contact. The metallic contact elements 17 point upwards angled material tab 18 with accessible from above Recesses 19 on, the recess edges as cutting to cut through the insulation of the positive conductors 5 surrounding the core 16, the negative conductor 6 and the middle conductor 7 are formed. It goes without saying that the opening width of the recesses 19 in such a way on the respective Coordinating the conductor diameter is that a safe cut and a secure contacting of the respective conductor core 16 is guaranteed.

Bei der Fertigung einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit Kunststoffgehäusen 4 nach Fig. 3 und 4 kann etwa wie folgt vorgegangen werden: In die Oberschalen 9 werden die Kontaktelemente 17 eingeklipst und auf diese die LED-Elemente 3 gesetzt und geklemmt, wodurch sich eine zuverlässige elektrische Verbindung zwischen den Kontaktelementen 17 und den Kontakten der LED-Elemente 3 einstellt. Alsdann werden die Oberschalen (erste Schale 9) von möglichst zwei Segmenten 1 von einem nicht gezeigten länglichen Vorrichtungstisch aufgenommen und in diese werden der Plusleiter 5 und der Minusleiter 6 durchgängig gespannt eingelegt und in die mit Schneiden versehenen Ausnehmungen 19 der Kontaktelemente 17 eingedrückt. Eine Abisolierung der Leiter 5 - 7 ist weder vorgesehen noch erforderlich. Die sich daran anschließenden Montageschritte (Aufklipsen der Unterschale 10, Abdichtung und Verklebung sowie ggf. Funktionslichtprüfung) entsprechen der Erläuterung zu Fig. 2.When manufacturing a lighting device with plastic housings 4 3 and 4 can be done as follows: In the upper shells 9, the contact elements 17 are clipped in and the LED elements on them 3 set and clamped, resulting in a reliable electrical Connection between the contact elements 17 and the contacts of the LED elements 3 sets. Then the upper shells (first shell 9) of if possible two segments 1 of an elongated device table, not shown and the plus conductor 5 and the minus conductor are added to this 6 inserted all the way under tension and into the cutters Recesses 19 of the contact elements 17 pressed. Stripping the conductor 5 - 7 is neither provided nor required. The subsequent ones Assembly steps (clipping on the lower shell 10, sealing and gluing and, if applicable, functional light test) correspond to the explanation to Fig. 2.

Fig. 3 zeigt das zweischalige Kunststoffgehäuse 4 ohne die Leiter 5 - 7, während in Fig. 4 das Kunststoffgehäuse 4 mit den Leitern 5 - 7 bestückt ist. Fig. 5 lässt die Anordnung der neuen Beleuchtungseinrichtung im Aufnahmekanal 20 einer Profilleiste 21 erkennen, bei der es sich um eine Fluchtwegemarkierungs-, Orientierungs-, Dekorations-, oder dgl. Profilleiste 21 handeln kann.Fig. 3 shows the two-shell plastic housing 4 without the conductors 5-7, while 4, the plastic housing 4 is equipped with the conductors 5-7. 5 leaves the arrangement of the new lighting device in the receiving channel 20 recognize a profile strip 21, which is an escape route marking, Orientation, decoration, or the like. Profile 21 act can.

Eine Besonderheit der neuen Beleuchtungseinrichtung von eigenständiger erfinderischer Bedeutung ist die in Fig. 6 im wesentlich vergrößerten Maßstab gezeigte Ausbildung und Gestaltung der schon erwähnten Linse 14. Diese weist eine abgeplattete Kopffläche 22 auf, die über einen Radius 23 in einen Konus 24 übergeht, dessen unteres Ende mit der Kopffläche der Schale 10 des Kunststoffgehäuses 4 zusammenfällt. Oberhalt des LED-Elements 3 weist die Linse 14 eine zylindrische Ausnehmung 25 mit einem abgerundeten Übergang zum Ausnehmungsboden auf. Der Konuswinkel beträgt auf die Senkrechte bezogen 30°. Die Gestaltung der Linse 14 erfolgte unter Nutzung des Brechnungsgesetzes und unter Beachtung der Materialkonstante des für die Herstellung der Linse 14 verwendeten Werkstoffs. Damit konnte gegenüber einer Lichtverteilung mit einem bisher üblichen Abstrahlwinkel von 120° eine Lichtverteilung mit einem Abstrahlwinkel von 180° erzielt werden. Die Linien 26 geben einen Abstrahlwinkel von 120° an, während die Linien 27 einen Abstrahlwinkel von 180° verdeutlichen, weil die in die Linse 14 eindringenden Strahlen im Punkt 28 eine entsprechende Richtungsänderung erfahren.A special feature of the new lighting device from independent The significance of the invention is substantially enlarged in FIG. 6 Design and design of the lens 14 already mentioned, shown on a scale. This has a flattened head surface 22 which extends over a radius 23 in a cone 24 merges, the lower end with the top surface of the shell 10 of the plastic housing 4 coincides. Maintaining the LED element 3 the lens 14 has a cylindrical recess 25 with a rounded Transition to the recess floor on. The cone angle is on the Vertical reference 30 °. The lens 14 was designed using of the Refraction Act and taking into account the material constant of the the manufacture of the lens 14 material used. With that could face a light distribution with a previously common beam angle of 120 ° a light distribution with a beam angle of 180 ° can be achieved. The lines 26 indicate a radiation angle of 120 °, while the lines 27 illustrate a beam angle of 180 ° because the lens 14 penetrating rays in point 28 a corresponding change in direction Experienced.

Während in den Zeichnungen die Linse 14 als integrierter Bestandteil einer Gehäuseschale gezeigt ist, liegt es selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung, für jedes LED-Element 3 eine separat gefertigte Linse 14 vorzusehen. Es ist auch denkbar, LED-Elemente 3 mit von Hause aus daran angeordneten, die Leuchtdioden in gezeigter Weise überbrückenden, Linsen 14 anzuwenden.While in the drawings the lens 14 as an integral part of a Housing shell is shown, it is of course within the scope of the invention, to provide a separately manufactured lens 14 for each LED element 3. It is also conceivable for LED elements 3 to be arranged on them from home, to use the light-emitting diodes in the manner shown, lenses 14.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern umfasst auch alle im Sinne der Erfindung gleichwirkenden Ausführungen. Ferner ist die Erfindung nicht auf die im Anspruch 1 definierte Merkmalskombination beschränkt, sondern kann auch durch jede beliebige andere Kombination von bestimmten Merkmalen aller insgesamt offenbarten Einzelmerkmalen definiert sein. Dies bedeutet, dass grundsätzlich jedes Einzelmerkmal des Anspruchs 1 weggelassen bzw. durch mindestens ein an anderer Stelle der Anmeldungsunterlagen offenbartes Einzelmerkmal ersetzt werden kann. Der vorliegende Anspruch 1 ist somit als ein erster Formulierungsversuch für die Kennzeichnung der Erfindung zu verstehen.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown, but also includes all those having the same effect in the sense of the invention Versions. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to that defined in claim 1 Characteristic combination limited, but can also by any any other combination of certain features all together disclosed individual features can be defined. This means that basically omitted each individual feature of claim 1 or by at least an individual feature disclosed elsewhere in the application documents can be replaced. The present claim 1 is thus the first To understand formulation attempt for the labeling of the invention.

Claims (13)

Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit einem dreiadrigen Leiterstreifen (2), der in axialer Richtung mit in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten LED-Elementen (3) elektrisch leitend verbunden ist, wobei jedes LED-Element (3) von einem auch den Leiterstreifen (2) in Höhe eines jeden LED-Elements (3) umgebenden, zumindest bereichsweise lichtdurchlässigen Kunststoffgehäuse (4) aufgenommen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kunststoffgehäuse (4) aus zwei Schalen (9, 10) besteht, von denen die eine als Aufnahmeschale für die Aufnahme eines LED-Elements (3), eines axialen Leiterstreifenbereichs und elektrisch leitender Kontaktmittel und die andere Schale als Deckelschale vorgesehen ist, die unter Einschluss von Dichtmittel an der ersten Schale festgelegt ist, und dass der dreiadrige Leiterstreifen (2) einen durchlaufenden Plusleiter (5), einen durchlaufenden Minusleiter (6) und einen unterbrochenen, sich von LED-Element (3) zu LED-Element (3) erstreckenden Mittelleiter (7) umfasst.Lighting device with a three-wire conductor strip (2), which is electrically conductively connected in the axial direction with LED elements (3) arranged in series one behind the other, each LED element (3) being one of the conductor strips (2) at the level of each LED -Elements (3) surrounding at least partially translucent plastic housing (4), characterized in that the plastic housing (4) consists of two shells (9, 10), one of which is used as a receiving shell for receiving an LED element ( 3), an axial conductor strip area and electrically conductive contact means and the other shell is provided as a cover shell, which is fixed to the first shell, including sealant, and that the three-wire conductor strip (2) has a continuous positive conductor (5), a continuous negative conductor ( 6) and an interrupted center conductor (7) which extends from LED element (3) to LED element (3). Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als elektrisch leitende Kontaktmittel zwischen den Leiterstreifen (2) und den LED-Elementen (3) metallische Kontaktelemente (17) vorgesehen sind, über die jeweils die elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgt, wobei die metallischen Kontaktelemente (17), die durch bloße Steckmontage mit den LED-Elementen (3) verbunden sind, Schneiden aufweisen, die die Leiterstreifenisolierungen durchdringen und die jeweiligen Leiterkerne (16) kontaktieren.Lighting device according to Claim 1, characterized in that metallic contact elements (17) are provided as electrically conductive contact means between the conductor strips (2) and the LED elements (3), via which the electrical contacting takes place, the metallic contact elements (17) , which are connected to the LED elements (3) by mere plug-in assembly, have cutting edges which penetrate the conductor strip insulation and contact the respective conductor cores (16). Beleuchtungseinrichtung Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als elektrisch leitende Kontaktmittel zwischen dem Leiterstreifen (2) und den LED-Elementen (3) wärmeaktivierbare Lötpasten, Kontaktkleber oder dgl. und metallische Kontaktelemente (17) vorgesehen sind, über die jeweils die elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgt, wobei die metallischen Kontaktelemente (17), die über die Lötpasten, Kontaktkleber oder dgl. mit den LED-Elementen (3) verbunden sind, Schneiden aufweisen, die die Leiterstreifenisolierungen durchdringen und die jeweiligen Leiterkerne (16) kontaktieren.Lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that heat-activatable solder pastes, contact adhesives or the like and metallic contact elements (17) are provided as electrically conductive contact means between the conductor strip (2) and the LED elements (3), via which the electrical contacting takes place, wherein the metallic contact elements (17), which are connected to the LED elements (3) via the soldering pastes, contact adhesives or the like, have cutting edges which penetrate the conductor strip insulation and contact the respective conductor cores (16). Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als elektrisch leitende Kontaktmittel zwischen dem Leiterstreifen (2), der bereichsweise abisoliert ist und den LED-Elementen (3) wärmeaktivierbare Lötpasten, Kontaktkleber oder dgl. vorgesehen sind, über die die elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgt.Lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that heat-activatable soldering pastes, contact adhesives or the like are provided as the electrically conductive contact means between the conductor strip (2), which is partially stripped and the LED elements (3), via which the electrical contacting takes place. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mittelleiter (7) als Widerstandsleiter ausgelegt ist.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central conductor (7) is designed as a resistance conductor. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalen (9, 10) des Kunststoffgehäuses (4) über angeformte Klipselemente aneinanderfestgelegt sind.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells (9, 10) of the plastic housing (4) are fixed to one another via molded-on clip elements. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalen (9, 10) des Kunststoffgehäuses (4) jeweils mit sich ergänzenden Aufnahmen (11) für die einzelnen Leiter (5, 6, 7) des Leiterstreifens (2), ein LED-Element (3), die Metallkontaktelemente (17) und für das zum Abdichten und dauerhafte Verbinden der Schalen (9, 10) vorgesehene Dichtmittel ausgebildet sind. Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells (9, 10) of the plastic housing (4) each with complementary receptacles (11) for the individual conductors (5, 6, 7) of the conductor strip (2) LED element (3), the metal contact elements (17) and for the sealing and permanent connection of the shells (9, 10) provided sealant. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalen (9, 10) des Kunststoffgehäuses (4) mit Aufnahmen für die Lötpaste und/oder den Kontaktkleber ausgebildet sind.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells (9, 10) of the plastic housing (4) are formed with receptacles for the solder paste and / or the contact adhesive. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schalen (9, 10) des Kunststoffgehäuses (4) als Spritzgußteile aus PC (Polycarbonat) glasklar ausgebildet sind.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shells (9, 10) of the plastic housing (4) are crystal-clear as injection molded parts made of PC (polycarbonate). Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Schale (9, 10) des Kunststoffgehäuses (4) mit einer ein LED-Element (3) überbrückenden Linse (14) ausgebildet ist.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shell (9, 10) of the plastic housing (4) is formed with a lens (14) bridging an LED element (3). Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Linse (14) eine Formgebung zur Lichtverteilung mit einem Abstrahlwinkel größer als 120° aufweist.Lighting device according to claim 10, characterized in that the lens (14) has a shape for light distribution with a beam angle greater than 120 °. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Linse (14) eine Formgebung zur Lichtverteilung mit einem Abstrahlwinkel von 180 ° aufweist.Lighting device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the lens (14) has a shape for light distribution with a radiation angle of 180 °. Beleuchtungseinrichtung nach wenigstens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieselbe in einem Aufnahmekanal (20) einer Fluchtwegemarkierungs-, Orientierungs-, Dekorationsoder dgl. Profilleiste (21) angeordnet ist.Lighting device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged in a receiving channel (20) of an escape route marking, orientation, decoration or similar profile strip (21).
EP01128283A 2001-02-15 2001-11-29 Lighting device Expired - Lifetime EP1233232B1 (en)

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DE10106961A DE10106961A1 (en) 2001-02-15 2001-02-15 Bleuchtungseinrichtung
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SG114525A1 (en) 2005-09-28
TWI224181B (en) 2004-11-21
HU0200032D0 (en) 2002-03-28
ES2263542T3 (en) 2006-12-16
DE10106961A1 (en) 2002-08-29
ATE330169T1 (en) 2006-07-15
EP1233232B1 (en) 2006-06-14
US6837598B2 (en) 2005-01-04
HU225335B1 (en) 2006-09-28
HUP0200032A3 (en) 2003-08-28
DE50110148D1 (en) 2006-07-27
KR20020067417A (en) 2002-08-22
HUP0200032A2 (en) 2002-08-28
US20020110000A1 (en) 2002-08-15
EP1233232A3 (en) 2005-01-19

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