EP1225028A2 - Method for controlling the process of making welded joints - Google Patents

Method for controlling the process of making welded joints Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1225028A2
EP1225028A2 EP02000928A EP02000928A EP1225028A2 EP 1225028 A2 EP1225028 A2 EP 1225028A2 EP 02000928 A EP02000928 A EP 02000928A EP 02000928 A EP02000928 A EP 02000928A EP 1225028 A2 EP1225028 A2 EP 1225028A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
sealing
time
interface
heat input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02000928A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1225028A3 (en
EP1225028B1 (en
Inventor
Günter Dr. Schubert
Michael Lennarz
Bruno Dr. Broich
Guy Boiron
Alfred Dr. Koblischek
Marco Dr. Razeti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Vaw Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG, Vaw Aluminium AG filed Critical Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
Publication of EP1225028A2 publication Critical patent/EP1225028A2/en
Publication of EP1225028A3 publication Critical patent/EP1225028A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1225028B1 publication Critical patent/EP1225028B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to time, e.g. temperature-time diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B29L2009/003—Layered products comprising a metal layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick

Definitions

  • Sealing seams are used on a large scale for the production of Food packaging or for closing Food packaging used.
  • opening of containers for milk products regularly consisting of sealing with a lid for example from an aluminum plastic laminate, a paper-plastic laminate or one Plastic laminate closed.
  • So-called stand-up pouches are sealed by sealing the Bag material manufactured against each other or locked.
  • sealing seams are also made in other areas for connecting so-called sealing partners used.
  • the sealing heat or sealing energy used to manufacture the sealing seam is necessary, for example, by direct heat introduction during so-called heat sealing, by ultrasonic coupling or by inductive Energy coupling introduced into the sealing area.
  • a sealed seam that meets the requirements mentioned, is produced in that the time-temperature-pressure curve when pressing the sealing tools in a suitable Way is set.
  • the time-temperature-pressure curve when pressing the sealing tools in a suitable Way is set.
  • known Interface temperature at the interface between the Sealing partners with the help of a temperature measuring element, for example a thermocouple, during the Measure heat input to determine whether the Melting temperature of at least one sealing layer of the Seal partner exceeded during heat input becomes.
  • a further theoretical model that describes the calculation of the interface temperature curve is computer-aided allows.
  • the present invention is based on the object a procedure for setting the machining process to specify in the manufacture of sealed seams with the the machining parameters are set such that the sealed seams produced all easily Meet quality requirements and an improved one Quality control is made possible.
  • the Processing sequence based on the time course the interface temperature during and after Heat input when sealing is set.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that from the overview of the temporal courses of the Interface temperature during and after the heat input helpful information for an attitude of the Processing sequence can be obtained. hereby the machining parameters can be set in such a way that one optimized in terms of time and cost Production and quality control of sealed seams is guaranteed.
  • the time-temperature-pressure curve during the heat input According to the invention based on the time course of the Interface temperature during and after the heat input is set, an optimal quality of the Heat seal seams taking into account the input mentioned requirements in the shortest possible time and at Ensure optimized energy consumption.
  • the method according to the invention is thereby embodied trained that the time for the Leak test and / or the mechanical resilience is set after the heat input.
  • the interface temperature between exceeding the melting temperature and Falling below the solidification temperature at least one The sealing layer of the sealing partner becomes a measure of the Scope of melting of sealing partner at the interface won.
  • the larger the integral the more extensive melt the sealing layers of the sealing partners. Accordingly, the evaluation of the integral for example the one necessary to open the sealed seam Tear force set or a minimum strength above a minimum area of the integral can be determined.
  • the so-called "hot tack" time after the for example a non-destructive leak test is possible can be determined that the Time of falling below the melting temperature at least one sealing layer of the sealing partner through the Interfacial temperature is detected.
  • the Invention the occurrence of recrystallization at least a sealing layer from a decrease in the cooling rate End of heat input determined, so can also note that regardless of the The sealing layers exceed a melting temperature are at least partially melted.
  • FIG Seal partner 1, 2 The structure of two is shown schematically in FIG Seal partner 1, 2 and the arrangement of a Thermocouple 3 for measuring the interface temperature at the interface between the sealing partners 1, 2 shown during the sealing process.
  • the Seal partners 1, 2 have an identical structure.
  • she each consist of an outer layer Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 4 of a middle layer 5 made of an aluminum material and a sealing layer 6 made of polyethylene (PE).
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate
  • middle layer 5 made of an aluminum material
  • sealing layer 6 made of polyethylene (PE).
  • the two sealing partners 1, 2 pressed together by sealing tools are located on one Temperature T and are at a pressure p for a time t pressed together or using a T, P, t program time-varying temperature and / or time-varying Print.
  • the temperature T, the pressure p and the time t or A T, P, T program can vary depending on the particular Sealing device set within predetermined limits become.
  • thermocouple 3 To record the interface temperature curve, which for Realization of the invention is necessary the thermocouple 3 during the entire sealing process between the polyethylene layers 6 of both sealing partners 1, 2. After the measurement process is complete Thermocouple 3 in the cooled seal sealed. Accordingly, the measurement of the course the interface temperature for a thermocouple 3 trained temperature measuring element exclusively during one or a variety of outside of the actual Production process, but for the Production machines used on site Seals for recording purposes only of these courses possible. However, this is complete sufficient to provide the necessary information To gain improvement in the machining process. The otherwise used in regular production Sealing machines only have to introduce the Allow thermocouples between the sealing tools and a transfer of the measurement results via, for example allow a trailing line or by telemetry.
  • FIG 1 b is a second embodiment two alternative sealing partners 7, 8 are shown, the have a different layer structure.
  • the Seal partner 7 consists of a layer of one Aluminum material 9, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer 10 and a sealing wax layer 11.
  • the second sealing partner 8 exists with the second Embodiment made entirely of polypropylene (PP) 12.
  • the time-temperature curve is shown in FIG. 2 by a graph without a marker heat input via two sealing jaws, the measuring points by a graph with triangular markers of the time-temperature curve for the Interface temperature at the interface of an aluminum (30 ⁇ m) / heat seal lacquer laminate as the first sealing partner and polypropylene (PP) as the second sealing partner and through a graph with diamond-shaped markers the measuring points of the time-temperature profile of the interface temperature an interface between an aluminum / polyethylene terephthalate / heat seal lacquer laminate as the first Seal partner and polypropylene (PP) as the second Seal partner shown.
  • the time-temperature curve of the Heat input is preferably over to the Sealing machine connected inputs of the measuring apparatus added.
  • FIG. 3 shows graphs with square, triangular and diamond-shaped markers first the Time course of the heat input is shown.
  • the Heat was introduced in those shown in FIG. 3 three attempts each over 1.5 seconds on one Baking temperature of 160, 140 and 130 degrees Celsius.
  • the associated time-temperature curve of the Interfacial temperature is above graphs that with square, triangular and diamond-shaped markers are also visible. All three Measurement curves relate to the course of the Interface temperature at the interface between one Polyethylene terephthalate (12 ⁇ m) / aluminum (9 ⁇ m) / Polyethylene terephthalate (70 ⁇ m) laminate as the first and second seal partner.
  • the measurement curve marked squares leaves only one recognize slight stronger flattening 14, so that it can be assumed that the quality of the sealed seam is a sealing jaw temperature increased to 160 degrees Celsius cannot be significantly improved. From the However, the last two curves are compared also that the solidification at a sealing jaw temperature from 160 degrees Celsius about two seconds later takes place as at a sealing jaw temperature of 140 Degrees Celsius, so that the optimal sealing jaw temperature in the present embodiment, probably in The range of 140 degrees Celsius is good here Seal quality when the "hot tack" time is reached early is guaranteed.
  • the amount of recrystallization or The time of recrystallization can be more precise than the measurement curves shown as such from the first or second derivation of the measurement curves via the determination of maxima or zero crossings. These first or second derivatives can be found in the computer systems that used as standard for recording such measurement curves be formed without effort.

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Abstract

A process for adjusting the course of work during the production of sealing seams, comprises measuring the boundary surface temperature at the boundary between the members to be sealed, using a temperature measurement probe. A process for adjusting the course of work during the production of sealing seams, comprises measuring the boundary surface temperature at the boundary between the members to be sealed, using a temperature measurement probe. The course of work is adjusted based on the temperature in the boundary area and the heat input during sealing. Time, temperature and pressure are adjusted, and the temperature is monitored to see if the melting point of the seal layer is exceeded. Indications of recrystallisation are monitored and the recrystallisation time is determined.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung des Bearbeitungsablaufes bei der Herstellung von Siegelnähten, bei welchem mit Hilfe eines Temperaturmeßelementes die Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche zwischen den Siegelpartnern gemessen wird.The invention relates to a method for adjusting the Processing sequence in the manufacture of Sealing seams, with the help of a Temperaturmeßelementes the interface temperature at the Interface between the sealing partners is measured.

Siegelnähte werden in großem Umfang zur Herstellung von Lebensmittelverpackungen bzw. zum Verschließen von Lebensmittelverpackungen eingesetzt. Beispielsweise wird die Öffnung von Behältern für Milcherzeugnisse regelmäßig über Versiegeln mit einem Deckel, bestehend beispielsweise aus einem Aluminium-Kunststofflaminat, einem Papier-Kunststofflaminat oder einem Kunststofflaminat verschlossen. Auch beispielsweise sogenannte Standbodenbeutel werden durch Versiegeln des Beutelmaterials gegeneinander hergestellt bzw. verschlossen. Darüber hinaus werden Siegelnähte auch in anderen Bereichen zum verbinden sogenannter Siegelpartner eingesetzt.Sealing seams are used on a large scale for the production of Food packaging or for closing Food packaging used. For example the opening of containers for milk products regularly consisting of sealing with a lid for example from an aluminum plastic laminate, a paper-plastic laminate or one Plastic laminate closed. Also, for example So-called stand-up pouches are sealed by sealing the Bag material manufactured against each other or locked. In addition, sealing seams are also made in other areas for connecting so-called sealing partners used.

Die Siegelwärme oder Siegelenergie, die zur Herstellung der Siegelnaht notwendig ist, wird beispielsweise durch direkte Wärmeeinleitung beim sogenannten Heißsiegeln, durch Ultraschalleinkopplung oder durch induktive Energiekopplung in den Siegelbereich eingebracht.The sealing heat or sealing energy used to manufacture the sealing seam is necessary, for example, by direct heat introduction during so-called heat sealing, by ultrasonic coupling or by inductive Energy coupling introduced into the sealing area.

Bei der Herstellung von Siegelnähten sind im wesentlichen drei Anforderungen zu erfüllen. Zum einen soll sicher gestellt sein, daß die Bearbeitungszeit zur Herstellung der Siegelnaht möglichst kurz ist. Zum anderen muß gewährleistet sein, daß die Siegelnaht die Verbindungsstelle dicht verschließt. Schließlich soll die Siegelnaht eine hinreichende Festigkeit aufweisen, um einer Belastung der Siegelpartner, beispielsweise beim Transport und bei der Lagerung der versiegelten Behälter, zu widerstehen, gleichzeitig aber darf die Verbindung nicht zu fest sein, um ein beabsichtigtes Öffnen ohne übergroßen Kraftaufwand zu ermöglichen.In the manufacture of sealed seams are essential to meet three requirements. For one thing, it should be safe be provided that the processing time for manufacture the sealing seam is as short as possible. The other must be guaranteed that the sealing seam the Junction sealed tightly. After all, the Sealing seam have sufficient strength to a burden on the sealing partner, for example at Transportation and storage of sealed containers, to resist, but at the same time, the connection may not be too tight to an intended opening without to allow excessive effort.

Eine Siegelnaht, die die genannten Anforderungen erfüllt, wird dadurch hergestellt, daß der Zeit-Temperatur-Druck-Verlauf beim Anpressen der Siegelwerkzeuge in geeigneter Weise eingestellt wird. Hierzu ist es aus dem Stand der Technik aus beispielsweise dem Artikel "Heat Sealing of Semicrystalline Polymer Films", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 51, 89 - 103 (1994), bekannt, die Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche zwischen den Siegelpartnern mit Hilfe eines Temperaturmeßelementes, beispielsweise eines Thermoelementes, während des Wäremeintrages zu messen, um festzustellen, ob die Schmelztemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner während des Wärmeeintrages überschritten wird. In dem bekannten Stand der Technik wird weiter ein theoretisches Modell beschrieben, welches die Berechnung des Grenzflächentemperaturverlaufes EDV-gestützt ermöglicht. A sealed seam that meets the requirements mentioned, is produced in that the time-temperature-pressure curve when pressing the sealing tools in a suitable Way is set. For this it is from the state of the Technology from, for example, the article "Heat Sealing of Semicrystalline Polymer Films ", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 51, 89-103 (1994), known Interface temperature at the interface between the Sealing partners with the help of a temperature measuring element, for example a thermocouple, during the Measure heat input to determine whether the Melting temperature of at least one sealing layer of the Seal partner exceeded during heat input becomes. In the known state of the art, a further theoretical model that describes the calculation of the interface temperature curve is computer-aided allows.

Dieses bekannte Verfahren zur Einstellung des Zeit-Temperatur-Druck-Verlaufes beim Versiegeln ist unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten problematisch. Zum einen läßt sich mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren lediglich feststellen, ob die Schmelztemperatur an der Grenzfläche überschritten worden ist, während Rückschlüsse auf den Umfang des Aufschmelzens der Siegelschichten nicht oder nur sehr eingeschränkt möglich sind.This known method for setting the time-temperature-pressure curve when sealing is under problematic from various points of view. On the one hand can only be with the described method determine whether the melting temperature at the interface has been exceeded while conclusions on the Scope of melting of the sealing layers is not or are only possible to a very limited extent.

Zum anderen ist für den Bearbeitungsablauf bei der Herstellung von Siegelnähten neben den oben beschriebenen Anforderungen an die Qualität der Siegelnähte weiter von großer Bedeutung, ab welchem Zeitpunkt die Siegelnaht nach dem Wärmeeintrag soweit abgekühlt ist, daß sie belastbar wird. Dies ist deshalb von besonderer Bedeutung, da beispielsweise Becher, in die Milcherzeugnisse abgefüllt wurde, unmittelbar nach der Versiegelung belastet werden können oder einem Dichtheitstest unterzogen werden. Bei einem solchen Dichtheitstest wird in der Regel Druck auf die Becherwände ausgeübt und dabei überwacht, ob sich der Becherdeckel aufgrund des erhöhten Druckes im Becher hebt - der Becher also dicht ist. Die Belastung wird hierbei so gewählt, daß der Dichtheitstest nicht zu Leckagen oder sonstigen Beschädigungen intakter Siegelnähte führt, da die Erstarrung der Siegelschichten eventuell noch nicht abgeschlossen ist. Andererseits soll der Dichtheitstest aus produktionstechnischen Gründen so unmittelbar wie möglich nach dem Wärmeeintrag durchgeführt werden. Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es hierzu bislang lediglich bekannt, nach dem Wärmeeintrag den Deckel abzuziehen und die hierfür notwendigen Kräfte während der Abkühlung bis zur Erstarrung über die Zeit und/oder die Abziehlänge zu messen, um den sogenannten "Hot-Tack"-Zeitpunkt zu bestimmen, zu dem die Siegelschichten hinreichend erstarrt sind, um eine zerstörungsfreie Dichtheitsprüfung zu ermöglichen.On the other hand, for the processing sequence at Production of sealed seams in addition to those described above Requirements for the quality of the sealed seams continue from of great importance from which point in time the sealed seam after the heat input has cooled so far that it becomes resilient. This is why it is special Meaning, for example, cups in the Milk products were bottled immediately after the Sealing can be charged or one Leak test. With such a Leak test is usually pressure on the Cup walls exercised and monitored whether the Cup lid lifts due to the increased pressure in the cup - the cup is tight. The burden is this chosen so that the leak test does not lead to leakage or other damage to intact sealing seams, because the solidification of the sealing layers may not yet be is completed. On the other hand, the tightness test for production reasons as immediate as possible after the heat input. Out So far, it is only the state of the art known to pull off the lid after the heat input and the necessary forces during the cooling up to solidify over time and / or the peel length measure to the so-called "hot tack" time determine to which the sealing layers are sufficient are solidified for a non-destructive leak test to enable.

Ausgehend von dem zuvor beschriebenen Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Einstellung des Bearbeitungsablaufes bei der Herstellung von Siegelnähten anzugeben, mit dem die Bearbeitungsparameter derart eingestellt werden, daß die hergestellten Siegelnähte ohne weiteres alle Qualitätsanforderungen erfüllen und eine verbesserte Qualitätskontrolle ermöglicht wird.Starting from the prior art described above the present invention is based on the object a procedure for setting the machining process to specify in the manufacture of sealed seams with the the machining parameters are set such that the sealed seams produced all easily Meet quality requirements and an improved one Quality control is made possible.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die zuvor hergeleitete und aufgezeigte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Bearbeitungsablauf basierend auf dem zeitlichen Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur während und nach dem Wärmeeintrag beim Siegeln eingestellt wird. Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß aus der Zusammenschau der zeitlichen Verläufe der Grenzflächentemperatur während und nach dem Wärmeeintrag hilfreiche Aufschlüsse für eine Einstellung des Bearbeitungsablaufes gewonnen werden können. Hierdurch lassen sich die Bearbeitungsparameter derart einstellen, daß eine unter Zeit und Kostengesichtspunkten optimierte Herstellung und Qualitätskontrolle von Siegelnähten gewährleistet wird.According to the previously derived and The stated problem is solved in that the Processing sequence based on the time course the interface temperature during and after Heat input when sealing is set. The The present invention is based on the finding that from the overview of the temporal courses of the Interface temperature during and after the heat input helpful information for an attitude of the Processing sequence can be obtained. hereby the machining parameters can be set in such a way that one optimized in terms of time and cost Production and quality control of sealed seams is guaranteed.

Dadurch, daß gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Zeit-Temperatur-Druck-Verlauf während des Wärmeeintrages erfindungsgemäß basierend auf den zeitlichen Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur während und nach dem Wärmeeintrag eingestellt wird, läßt sich eine optimale Qualität der Heißsiegelnähte unter Berücksichtigung der Eingangs erwähnten Anforderungen in möglichst kurzer Zeit und bei optimierten Energieaufwand gewährleisten.Characterized in that, according to a first embodiment, the time-temperature-pressure curve during the heat input According to the invention based on the time course of the Interface temperature during and after the heat input is set, an optimal quality of the Heat seal seams taking into account the input mentioned requirements in the shortest possible time and at Ensure optimized energy consumption.

Alternativ oder kumulativ zu der soeben beschriebenen Ausgestaltung wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dadurch weitergebildet, daß der Zeitpunkt für die Dichtheitsprüfung und/oder die mechanische Belastbarkeit nach dem Wärmeeintrag eingestellt wird. Durch die Möglichkeit der genauen Ermittlung des sogenannten "Hot-Tack"-Zeitpunktes aus dem Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur vor und nach dem Wärmeeintrag läßt sich der optimale Zeitpunkt für eine erste mechanische Belastung oder für die Durchführung einer zerstörungsfreien Dichtheitsprüfung festlegen.Alternatively or cumulatively to that just described The method according to the invention is thereby embodied trained that the time for the Leak test and / or the mechanical resilience is set after the heat input. Through the Possibility of exact determination of the so-called "hot tack" time from the course of the Interface temperature before and after the heat input the optimal time for a first mechanical Burden or for carrying out a Define non-destructive leak test.

Durch die Überwachung des Überschreitens der Schmelztemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner durch die Grenzflächentemperatur während des Wärmeeintrags wird eine der Grundvoraussetzungen zur Herstellung einer Heißsiegelnaht bei der Einstellung des Bearbeitungsablaufes sichergestellt.By monitoring the exceeding of the Melting temperature of at least one sealing layer of the Seal partner by the interface temperature during heat input becomes one of the basic requirements for Production of a heat seal seam when adjusting the Processing sequence ensured.

Durch eine Erfassung des Integrals des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufes der Grenzflächentemperatur zwischen dem Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur und dem Unterschreiten der Erstarrungstemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner wird ein Maß für den Umfang des Aufschmelzens Siegelpartner an der Grenzfläche gewonnen. Je größer das Integral, um so umfangreicher schmelzen die Siegelschichten der Siegelpartner auf. Dementsprechend kann über die Auswertung des Integrals beispielsweise die zum Öffnen der Siegelnaht notwendige Aufreißkraft eingestellt oder eine Mindestfestigkeit über eine Mindestfläche des Integrals bestimmt werden.By detecting the integral of the time-temperature curve the interface temperature between exceeding the melting temperature and Falling below the solidification temperature at least one The sealing layer of the sealing partner becomes a measure of the Scope of melting of sealing partner at the interface won. The larger the integral, the more extensive melt the sealing layers of the sealing partners. Accordingly, the evaluation of the integral for example the one necessary to open the sealed seam Tear force set or a minimum strength above a minimum area of the integral can be determined.

Der sogenannte "Hot-Tack"-Zeitpunkt nach dem beispielsweise eine zerstörungsfreie Dichtheitsprüfung möglich ist, läßt sich dadurch bestimmen, daß der Zeitpunkt des Unterschreitens der Schmelztemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner durch die Grenzflächentemperatur erfaßt wird.The so-called "hot tack" time after the for example a non-destructive leak test is possible can be determined that the Time of falling below the melting temperature at least one sealing layer of the sealing partner through the Interfacial temperature is detected.

Bei der überwiegenden Anzahl der zur Herstellung einer Siegelschicht verwendeten Materialien findet bei der Abkühlung der Siegelschicht von einer Temperatur oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur eine Rekristallisation statt, die ihrerseits Wärme freisetzt, was sich in Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur nach dem Wärmeeintrag durch eine vorübergehende Abnahme der Abkühlrate bemerkbar macht. Wird also gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das Auftreten einer Rekristallisation zumindest einer Siegelschicht aus einer Abnahme der Abkühlrate nach Beendigung des Wärmeeintrages ermittelt, so läßt sich auch hierüber feststellen, daß unabhängig von dem Überschreiten einer Schmelztemperatur die Siegelschichten zumindest teilweise aufgeschmolzen sind. Die Stärke der Abnahme der Abkühlrate, bzw. die Verzögerung der Abkühlung, liefert für Siegelnähte mit kristallinen Anteilen eine Auskunft darüber, in welchem Umfang die Siegelschichten aufgeschmolzen wurden.The vast majority of those used to manufacture one Materials used in the sealing layer take place at the Cooling of the sealing layer from a temperature above the melting temperature to a temperature below the Melting temperature instead of a recrystallization in turn releases heat, which changes in the course of the Interface temperature after the heat input by a temporary decrease in cooling rate noticeable. According to a further embodiment, the Invention the occurrence of recrystallization at least a sealing layer from a decrease in the cooling rate End of heat input determined, so can also note that regardless of the The sealing layers exceed a melting temperature are at least partially melted. The strength of the Decrease in the cooling rate, or the delay in Cooling, supplies for sealed seams with crystalline Share information about the extent to which the Sealing layers were melted.

Die Tatsache der Rekristallisation nach dem Aufschmelzen einer Siegelschicht läßt sich auch dadurch nutzen, daß der Rekristallisationszeitpunkt ermittelt wird und aus diesem Rückschlüsse über das Erreichen des sogenannten "Hot-Tack"-Zeitpunktes gewonnen werden.The fact of recrystallization after melting a sealing layer can also be used in that the time of recrystallization is determined and from this conclusions about the achievement of the so-called "Hot tack" time can be won.

Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten, daß erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierzu wird beispielsweise verwiesen einerseits auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche andererseits auch die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
a) Anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen schema
b) tisch den Aufbau der Siegelpartner vor dem Versiegeln,
Fig. 2
den Zeit-Temperatur-Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur für zwei Ausführungsbeispiele von Siegelverbindungen und
Fig. 3
den Zeit-Temperatur-Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel einer Siegelverbindung und unterschiedlichen Siegeltemperaturen.
There are now a multitude of possibilities for designing and developing the method according to the invention. For this purpose, reference is made, for example, on the one hand to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and on the other hand to the description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing. In the drawing shows
Fig. 1
a) Based on two exemplary embodiments
b) table the structure of the sealing partners before sealing,
Fig. 2
the time-temperature profile of the interface temperature for two exemplary embodiments of sealing connections and
Fig. 3
the time-temperature profile of the interface temperature in a further embodiment of a seal connection and different sealing temperatures.

In Figur 1 a) ist schematisch der Aufbau zweier Siegelpartner 1, 2 und die Anordnung eines Thermoelementes 3 zur Messung der Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche zwischen den Siegelpartnern 1, 2 während des Siegelvorganges dargestellt. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Siegelpartner 1, 2 einen identischen Aufbau auf. Sie bestehen jeweils aus einer äußeren Schicht aus Polyethylen-Terephtalat (PET) 4 einer mittleren Schicht 5 aus einem Aluminium-Werkstoff und einer Siegelschicht 6 aus Polyethylen (PE).The structure of two is shown schematically in FIG Seal partner 1, 2 and the arrangement of a Thermocouple 3 for measuring the interface temperature at the interface between the sealing partners 1, 2 shown during the sealing process. In which illustrated embodiment have the Seal partners 1, 2 have an identical structure. she each consist of an outer layer Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 4 of a middle layer 5 made of an aluminum material and a sealing layer 6 made of polyethylene (PE).

Beim Versiegeln werden die beiden Siegelpartner 1, 2 durch nicht dargestellte Siegelwerkzeuge zusammengepreßt. Die Siegelwerkzeuge befinden sich dabei auf einer Temperatur T und werden mit einem Druck p für eine Zeit t zusammengepreßt oder nach einem T,P,t-Programm mit zeitveränderlicher Temperatur und/oder zeitveränderlichem Druck. Die Temperatur T, der Druck p und die Zeit t bzw. ein T,P,t-Programm können abhängig von der jeweiligen Siegelvorrichtung in vorgegebenen Grenzen eingestellt werden.When sealing, the two sealing partners 1, 2 pressed together by sealing tools, not shown. The sealing tools are located on one Temperature T and are at a pressure p for a time t pressed together or using a T, P, t program time-varying temperature and / or time-varying Print. The temperature T, the pressure p and the time t or A T, P, T program can vary depending on the particular Sealing device set within predetermined limits become.

Zur Aufnahme des Grenzflächentemperaturverlaufes, die zur Verwirklichung der Erfindung notwendig ist, befindet sich das Thermoelement 3 während des gesamten Siegelvorgangs zwischen den Polyethylenschichten 6 beider Siegelpartner 1, 2. Nach Beendigung des Meßvorganges ist also das Thermoelement 3 mit in die erkaltete Siegelnaht eingesiegelt. Demzufolge ist die Messung des Verlaufes der Grenzflächentemperatur bei einem als Thermoelement 3 ausgebildeten Temperaturmeßelement ausschließlich während eines oder einer Vielzahl von außerhalb des eigentlichen Produktionsprozesses, allerdings auf den für die Produktion eingesetzten Maschinen vor Ort, durchgeführten Versiegelungen ausschließlich zum Zwecke der Aufnahme dieser Verläufe möglich. Dies ist jedoch völlig ausreichend, um die notwendigen Informationen zur Verbesserung des Bearbeitungsablaufes zu gewinnen. Die ansonsten in der regulären Produktion eingesetzten Siegelmaschinen müssen lediglich die Einführung der Thermoelemente zwischen die Siegelwerkzeuge gestatten und eine Übertragung der Meßergebnisse über beispielsweise eine Schleppleitung oder per Telemetrie zulassen.To record the interface temperature curve, which for Realization of the invention is necessary the thermocouple 3 during the entire sealing process between the polyethylene layers 6 of both sealing partners 1, 2. After the measurement process is complete Thermocouple 3 in the cooled seal sealed. Accordingly, the measurement of the course the interface temperature for a thermocouple 3 trained temperature measuring element exclusively during one or a variety of outside of the actual Production process, but for the Production machines used on site Seals for recording purposes only of these courses possible. However, this is complete sufficient to provide the necessary information To gain improvement in the machining process. The otherwise used in regular production Sealing machines only have to introduce the Allow thermocouples between the sealing tools and a transfer of the measurement results via, for example allow a trailing line or by telemetry.

In Figur 1 b) ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei alternativen Siegelpartnern 7, 8 dargestellt, die einen abweichenden Schichtaufbau aufweisen. Der Siegelpartner 7 besteht aus einer Schicht aus einem Aluminium-Werkstoff 9, einer Polyethylen-Terephtalat (PET) Schicht 10 und einer Siegellackschicht 11. Der zweite Siegelpartner 8 besteht bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel vollständig aus Polypropylen (PP) 12.In Figure 1 b) is a second embodiment two alternative sealing partners 7, 8 are shown, the have a different layer structure. The Seal partner 7 consists of a layer of one Aluminum material 9, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer 10 and a sealing wax layer 11. The second sealing partner 8 exists with the second Embodiment made entirely of polypropylene (PP) 12.

Das in Figur 1 a) dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel gibt die Konstellation beim Verschweißen von Laminaten beispielsweise bei der Herstellung von Standbodenbeuteln wieder, während das in Figur 1 b) dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel das Herstellen einer Siegelnaht zum Verbinden eines Aufreißdeckels mit einem Becher wiedergibt.The embodiment shown in Figure 1 a) gives the constellation when welding laminates for example in the manufacture of stand-up pouches again, while that shown in Figure 1 b) Embodiment producing a sealed seam for Connect a tear-open lid to a mug reproduces.

In Figur 2 ist durch einen Graphen ohne Marker die Zeit-Temperaturkurve des Wärmeeintrags über zwei Siegelbacken, durch einen Graphen mit dreieckigen Markern die Meßpunkte des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufs für die Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche eines Aluminium (30 µm)/Heißsiegellacklaminats als erstem Siegelpartner und Polypropylen (PP) als zweitem Siegelpartner und durch einen Graphen mit rautenförmigen Markern die Meßpunkte des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufs der Grenzflächentemperatur an einer Grenzfläche zwischen einem Aluminium/Polyethylen-Terephtalat/Heißsiegellacklaminat als erstem Siegelpartner und Polypropylen (PP) als zweitem Siegelpartner dargestellt. Die Zeit-Temperaturkurve des Wärmeeintrags wird vorzugsweise über an die Siegelmaschine angeschlossene Eingänge der Meßapparatur aufgenommen. In dieser Darstellung ist besonders deutlich zu erkennen, daß der Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur während und nach dem Wärmeeintrag beim Heißsiegeln gemessen werden muß, um vollständigen Aufschluß über den Siegelvorgang zu gewinnen. In beiden Fällen wird die höchste Grenzflächentemperatur erst deutlich nach dem Ende des Wärmeeintrages erreicht. In beiden Fällen liefert außerdem das Integral des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufes der Grenzflächentemperatur zwischen dem Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur und dem Unterschreiten der Erstarrungstemperatur wertvolle Informationen über die Qualität der hergestellten Heißsiegelnaht.The time-temperature curve is shown in FIG. 2 by a graph without a marker heat input via two sealing jaws, the measuring points by a graph with triangular markers of the time-temperature curve for the Interface temperature at the interface of an aluminum (30 µm) / heat seal lacquer laminate as the first sealing partner and polypropylene (PP) as the second sealing partner and through a graph with diamond-shaped markers the measuring points of the time-temperature profile of the interface temperature an interface between an aluminum / polyethylene terephthalate / heat seal lacquer laminate as the first Seal partner and polypropylene (PP) as the second Seal partner shown. The time-temperature curve of the Heat input is preferably over to the Sealing machine connected inputs of the measuring apparatus added. This illustration is particularly clear to recognize that the course of the interface temperature during and after heat input during heat sealing must be measured in order to obtain complete information about the Win sealing process. In both cases the highest interface temperature only significantly after the End of heat input reached. In both cases also provides the integral of the time-temperature curve the interface temperature between exceeding the melting temperature and Valuable below the solidification temperature Information about the quality of the manufactured Heat seal.

In Figur 3 ist mit Hilfe von Graphen mit quadratischen, dreieckigen und rautenförmigen Markern zunächst der Zeitverlauf des Wärmeeintrags dargestellt. Der Wärmeeintrag erfolgte bei den in Figur 3 dargestellten drei Versuchen jeweils über 1,5 Sekunden bei einer Backentemperatur von 160, 140 und 130 Grad Celsius. Der jeweils zugehörige Zeit-Temperaturverlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur ist über Graphen, die mit quadratischen, dreieckigen und rautenförmigen Markern gekennzeichnet sind, ebenfalls ersichtlich. Alle drei Meßkurven betreffen den Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche zwischen einem Polyethylen-Terephtalat (12 µm)/Aluminium (9 µm)/ Polyethylen-Terephtalat (70 µm)-Laminat als erstem und zweitem Siegelpartner.FIG. 3 shows graphs with square, triangular and diamond-shaped markers first the Time course of the heat input is shown. The Heat was introduced in those shown in FIG. 3 three attempts each over 1.5 seconds on one Baking temperature of 160, 140 and 130 degrees Celsius. The associated time-temperature curve of the Interfacial temperature is above graphs that with square, triangular and diamond-shaped markers are also visible. All three Measurement curves relate to the course of the Interface temperature at the interface between one Polyethylene terephthalate (12 µm) / aluminum (9 µm) / Polyethylene terephthalate (70 µm) laminate as the first and second seal partner.

Auch aus den in Figur 3 dargestellten Meßkurven ist deutlich zu ersehen, daß die maximale Grenzflächentemperatur erst erheblich nach Beendigung des Wärmeeintrages erreicht wird. Auch hier liefert wieder das Integral des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufes der Grenzflächentemperatur zwischen dem Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur und dem Unterschreiten der Erstarrungstemperatur wertvolle Informationen im Hinblick auf die erreichte Siegelqualität. Weitere Informationen gewinnt man bei den dargestellten Meßkurven aus der Abflachung des Abkühlungsverlaufes durch Rekristallisation, die allerdings nicht bei jedem Siegelwerkstoff beobachtet werden kann. Bei der durch Rauten markierten Meßkurve ist eine solche Abflachung aufgrund fehlender oder unerheblicher Rekristallisationen nicht zu erkennen. Man kann hier dabei davon ausgehen, daß die Siegelschichten nicht hinreichend aufgeschmolzen sind, um eine dauerhafte Siegelverbindung herzustellen. Bei der durch Dreiecke markierten Meßkurve läßt sich hingegen eine Abflachung 13 deutlich erkennen, so daß auf eine umfangreiche Rekristallisation und damit eine gute Siegelnahtqualität geschlossen werden kann. Die durch Quadrate markierte Meßkurve läßt schließlich nur eine geringfügige stärkere Abflachung 14 erkennen, so daß davon auszugehen ist, daß die Siegelnahtqualität durch eine auf 160 Grad Celsius erhöhte Siegelbackentemperatur nicht wesentlich verbessert werden kann. Aus dem Vergleich der letzten beiden Kurven ergibt sich jedoch auch, daß die Erstarrung bei einer Siegelbackentemperatur von 160 Grad Celsius etwa zwei Sekunden später stattfindet als bei einer Siegelbackentemperatur von 140 Grad Celsius, so daß die optimale Siegelbackentemperatur im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel voraussichtlich im Bereich von 140 Grad Celsius liegt, da hier eine gute Siegelqualität bei frühzeitigem Erreichen des "Hot-Tack"-Zeitpunktes gewährleistet ist.Also from the measurement curves shown in Figure 3 clearly seen that the maximum Interface temperature only significantly after the end of the Heat input is reached. Also delivers here again the integral of the time-temperature profile of the Interface temperature between exceeding the Melting temperature and falling below the Solidification temperature valuable information with regard on the seal quality achieved. Further information one obtains from the Flattening of the cooling process through Recrystallization, but not with everyone Seal material can be observed. When through Such a flattening is the diamond-marked measurement curve due to missing or negligible recrystallizations not recognizable. You can assume here that the sealing layers have not melted sufficiently to establish a permanent seal connection. With the measurement curve marked by triangles, on the other hand clearly recognize a flattening 13, so that on extensive recrystallization and thus good Seal seam quality can be closed. By Finally, the measurement curve marked squares leaves only one recognize slight stronger flattening 14, so that it can be assumed that the quality of the sealed seam is a sealing jaw temperature increased to 160 degrees Celsius cannot be significantly improved. From the However, the last two curves are compared also that the solidification at a sealing jaw temperature from 160 degrees Celsius about two seconds later takes place as at a sealing jaw temperature of 140 Degrees Celsius, so that the optimal sealing jaw temperature in the present embodiment, probably in The range of 140 degrees Celsius is good here Seal quality when the "hot tack" time is reached early is guaranteed.

Der Rekristallisationsumfang bzw. der Rekristallisationszeitpunkt läßt sich präziser als aus den dargestellten Meßkurven als solche aus der ersten oder zweiten Ableitung der Meßkurven über die Bestimmung von Maxima bzw. Nulldurchgängen ermitteln. Diese ersten oder zweiten Ableitungen können in den EDV-Systemen, die standardmäßig zur Aufnahme derartiger Meßkurven verwendet werden, ohne Aufwand gebildet werden.The amount of recrystallization or The time of recrystallization can be more precise than the measurement curves shown as such from the first or second derivation of the measurement curves via the determination of maxima or zero crossings. These first or second derivatives can be found in the computer systems that used as standard for recording such measurement curves be formed without effort.

Der Vollständigkeit halber soll erwähnt werden, daß das Meßsignal des zwischen den Siegelpartnern an der Grenzfläche angebrachten Thermoelementes von einem Analog/Digitalwandler aufgenommen und in ein digitales Signal transformiert wird, welches von einem beispielsweise auf einem tragbaren EDV-System installierten Meß- und Auswerteprogramm erfaßt wird. Derartige Systeme an sich gehören zum Stand der Technik.For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned that the Measurement signal of the between the sealing partners at the Attached thermocouple from one Analog / digital converter recorded and into a digital Signal is transformed by a for example on a portable IT system installed measuring and evaluation program is detected. Such systems per se belong to the prior art.

Claims (8)

Verfahren zur Einstellung des Bearbeitungsablaufs bei der Herstellung von Siegelnähten, bei welchem mit Hilfe eines Temperaturmeßelementes die Grenzflächentemperatur an der Grenzfläche zwischen den Siegelpartnern gemessen wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bearbeitungsablauf basierend auf dem zeitlichen Verlauf der Grenzflächentemperatur während und nach dem Wärmeeintrag beim Siegeln eingestellt wird.Method for setting the processing sequence in the production of sealed seams, in which the interface temperature at the interface between the sealing partners is measured with the aid of a temperature measuring element,
characterized in that the processing sequence is set based on the time course of the interface temperature during and after the heat input during sealing. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zeit-Temperatur-Druck-Verlauf während des Wärmeeintrages eingestellt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the time-temperature-pressure curve is set during the heat input. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zeitpunkt für die Dichtheitsprüfung und/oder die mechanische Belastbarkeit nach dem Wärmeeintrag eingestellt wird.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the time for the leak test and / or the mechanical load capacity is set after the heat input. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während des Wärmeeintrags das Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner durch die Grenzflächentemperatur überwacht wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the exceeding of the melting temperature of at least one sealing layer of the sealing partner is monitored by the interface temperature during the heat input. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Integral des Zeit-Temperaturverlaufes der Grenzflächentemperatur zwischen dem Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur und dem Unterschreiten der Erstarrungstemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner erfaßt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the integral of the time-temperature profile of the interface temperature between the exceeding of the melting temperature and the falling below the solidification temperature of at least one sealing layer of the sealing partner is detected. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zeitpunkt des Unterschreitens der Schmelztemperatur zumindest einer Siegelschicht der Siegelpartner durch die Grenzflächentemperatur erfaßt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the point in time at which the melting temperature falls below at least one sealing layer of the sealing partners is detected by the interface temperature. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Auftreten einer Rekristallisation zumindest einer Siegelschicht aus einer Abnahme der Abkühlrate nach Beendigung des Wärmeeintrages ermittelt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the occurrence of recrystallization of at least one sealing layer is determined from a decrease in the cooling rate after the end of the heat input. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rekristallisationszeitpunkt ermittelt wird.Method according to claim 7,
characterized in that the recrystallization time is determined.
EP02000928A 2001-01-22 2002-01-16 Method for controlling the process of making welded joints Expired - Lifetime EP1225028B1 (en)

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ES2266319T3 (en) 2007-03-01
DE10102798B4 (en) 2005-04-21
ATE328720T1 (en) 2006-06-15
US20020192447A1 (en) 2002-12-19
EP1225028A3 (en) 2004-01-07
DE50207042D1 (en) 2006-07-20
EP1225028B1 (en) 2006-06-07

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