EP1223818A1 - Futtermittel sowie die verwendung dieses futtermittels - Google Patents

Futtermittel sowie die verwendung dieses futtermittels

Info

Publication number
EP1223818A1
EP1223818A1 EP00987836A EP00987836A EP1223818A1 EP 1223818 A1 EP1223818 A1 EP 1223818A1 EP 00987836 A EP00987836 A EP 00987836A EP 00987836 A EP00987836 A EP 00987836A EP 1223818 A1 EP1223818 A1 EP 1223818A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feed
formulated
mixture
protein
protease inhibitors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00987836A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harald Sveier
Arnt Johan Raae
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cargill Innovation Center Dirdal
Original Assignee
EWOS Innovation AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EWOS Innovation AS filed Critical EWOS Innovation AS
Publication of EP1223818A1 publication Critical patent/EP1223818A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a feed for animals, birds and fish, especially a particulate/pelleted/flaked fish feed in the form of a formulated main feed.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a feed for a particular purpose in the feeding of farmed fish in net pens or onshore farming tanks.
  • the state of the art is represented by raw materials for feed, which distinguish themselves in that the protein has a different digestive rate.
  • Modern fish feeds consist of finely ground, heat-treated raw materials, which are "glued” together by means of starch, steam and pressure.
  • the protein of such a feed is finegrained and denatured, this means that the tertiary structure of the molecule, its original, unique form, has been opened up and changed.
  • the protein in the natural food of fish, which is live, whole prey, the protein is present in its native, unique form, bound in large organs, e.g. musculature.
  • the digestive progress of these two forms of protein differ relatively much, since the speed through the gastrointestinal canal increases in proportion to the degree of processing, without this influencing the overall digestibility of the protein.
  • the native, unique form of a protein is such that it is difficult for the enzymes digesting protein (proteolytic enzymes) to attack it. All deviations from the one native biological form result in new points of attack for the proteases, which explains the much faster breaking down of denatured protein compared to native protein, and subsequent rapid absorption of amino acids.
  • the protein molecule consists of hundreds to thousands of amino acids bonded together in a chain. Such chains of amino acids are further folded or packed together into entirely unique, three-dimensional structures, depending on the order of the amino acids thereof. During digestion this three- dimensional structure is disturbed first by the acidic fluid in the stomach, after which the chain is broken open by proteolytic enzymes, and the individual amino acids are released. Some amino acids will be present as di- and tripeptides, but most of them will be present in free form. This breaking down of the protein occurs by means of several proteolytic enzymes. These enzymes can be divided into two main groups: endopeptidases and exopeptidases.
  • exopeptidases attack within the chain of peptides and divide the protein molecule into smaller chains, whereas the endopeptidases split the amino acids one by one from the end of the chain of amino acids. In order to achieve efficient digestion, both these groups of enzymes must be present.
  • exopeptidase examples include trypsin and chymotrypsin, whereas examples of endopeptidase are carboxypeptidase A and B.
  • the object of the present invention has therefore been to obtain a feed which favours the utilization of the protein in the feed, i.e. favours increased growth per amount of protein measured by normal feeding, amount of feed and feeding frequency.
  • the aim has been to prescribe an application of such formulated feed with the intention of realizing a particular object.
  • said object has been realized through the formulation of a feed in accordance with the features stated in the Claims, which also describe a particular application of such feed.
  • the absorption time of amino acid from the intestine may be changed by blocking part of the protein-digesting enzymes (proteases) present in the intestine.
  • this may in its turn be realized by adding a mixture of different protease inhibitors to a formulated feed.
  • protease inhibitors can be present in some feed components, but their presence is then not planned and of completely uncontrolled amounts.
  • An example is the so-called "soy-trypsin” inhibitor found in soybeans. This is in fact two inhibitors, namely the Bowman-Brink and the Kunitz trypsin inhibitors, which are two inhibitors inhibiting the same enzyme, namely trypsin. According to several reports, this soy-trypsin inhibitor has been considered undesirable due to its negative effect, inhibiting only one enzyme.
  • protease inhibitors enzyme regulators
  • formulated feed that can be produced from vegetable substances, such as plants, e.g. from potatoes or soy, or that may be produced chemically, e.g. camostate, or in different combinations thereof, it has turned out, on the other hand - when a mixture of several different protease inhibitors in very small, accurately controlled amounts, is added - that a substantial improvement of the utilization of protein, and of growth, occurs.
  • the active substance (the mixture of protease inhibitors) may for example constitute 0.001 - 0.2 % calculated on complete feed.
  • a feed according to the invention thus distinguishes itself primarily in that it contains an additive consisting of an accurately apportioned mixture of different protease inhibitors in an amount, which is very small relative to the weight of the rest of the formulated feed.
  • protease inhibitors may with advantage be added to the feed in a concentrated from.
  • the percentage/added amount of protease inhibitors stated above may be based on a number of protein sources > 2. With 3 sources of protein the contribution of binders is taken into account.
  • protease inhibitor mixture was added to the feed in a concentrated form, i.a. in an amount in the range of 0.001 - 0.2 % mentioned above.
  • Table 1 illustrates, in per cent, the increase in daily growth by the use of feed based on fish meal with addition of the protease inhibitor mixture according to the invention. The increase is 13 %.
  • Table 2 illustrates, in per cent, the increase in daily growth when some of the fish meal of the feed has been replaced by hydrolyzed protein (fish ensilage). The increase is 32 %.
  • Protease inhibitor added (g/ g of feed) Table 3 illustrates graphically the digestion of nitrogen (ordinate) in % as a function of amount of protease inhibitor mixture added (in grams per kg of feed), and visualizes how the digestion of nitrogen or protein is affected by increased addition of the protease inhibitor mixture according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
EP00987836A 1999-10-29 2000-10-17 Futtermittel sowie die verwendung dieses futtermittels Withdrawn EP1223818A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO995314 1999-10-29
NO19995314A NO312081B1 (no) 1999-10-29 1999-10-29 Formulert proteinholdig fôr og anvendelse av slikt fôr
PCT/NO2000/000342 WO2001030177A1 (en) 1999-10-29 2000-10-17 A feed and the use of such a feed

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1223818A1 true EP1223818A1 (de) 2002-07-24

Family

ID=19903919

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00987836A Withdrawn EP1223818A1 (de) 1999-10-29 2000-10-17 Futtermittel sowie die verwendung dieses futtermittels

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1223818A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2003512067A (de)
AU (1) AU760393B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2397679A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2179793T1 (de)
NO (1) NO312081B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001030177A1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0144993A2 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-19 Genetic Diagnostic Corporation Förderung des Wachstums bei Tieren und Pflanzen mittels Protease-Inhibitoren
US5468727A (en) * 1990-12-13 1995-11-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Methods of normalizing metabolic parameters in diabetics

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4510130A (en) * 1983-05-20 1985-04-09 Genetic Diagnostics Corporation Promoting animal and plant growth with leupeptin
GB9019024D0 (en) * 1990-08-31 1990-10-17 Ici Plc Silage additive
US5693617A (en) * 1994-03-15 1997-12-02 Proscript, Inc. Inhibitors of the 26s proteolytic complex and the 20s proteasome contained therein

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0144993A2 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-19 Genetic Diagnostic Corporation Förderung des Wachstums bei Tieren und Pflanzen mittels Protease-Inhibitoren
US5468727A (en) * 1990-12-13 1995-11-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Methods of normalizing metabolic parameters in diabetics

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE FSTA INTERNATIONAL FOOD INFORMATION SERVICE (IFIS), FRANkFURT-MAIN, DE; KONAGAYA S.: "Enhanced protease activity in the muscle of chum salomon during spawning migration with reference to softening or lysing phenomenon of the meat", Database accession no. 84-3-11-r0664 *
OLLI ET AL.: "Soybean trypsin inhibitors in diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.): effects on nutrient digestabilities and trypsin in pyloric ceaca homogenate and intestinal content", COMP. BIOCHEM. PHYSIOL., vol. 109a, no. 4, 1994, Pergamon, pages 923 - 928 *
See also references of WO0130177A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO995314D0 (no) 1999-10-29
JP2003512067A (ja) 2003-04-02
AU760393B2 (en) 2003-05-15
ES2179793T1 (es) 2003-02-01
AU2411101A (en) 2001-05-08
CA2397679A1 (en) 2001-05-03
NO995314L (no) 2001-04-30
NO312081B1 (no) 2002-03-18
WO2001030177A1 (en) 2001-05-03

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