EP1218721A1 - Induction-heated disc tribometer - Google Patents
Induction-heated disc tribometerInfo
- Publication number
- EP1218721A1 EP1218721A1 EP00966269A EP00966269A EP1218721A1 EP 1218721 A1 EP1218721 A1 EP 1218721A1 EP 00966269 A EP00966269 A EP 00966269A EP 00966269 A EP00966269 A EP 00966269A EP 1218721 A1 EP1218721 A1 EP 1218721A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tribometer
- tribometer according
- supports
- test pieces
- rotary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/30—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids for lubricating properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of metrology equipment and more particularly tribo meters.
- Such equipment is intended for the measurement of mechanical, tribological and thermal phenomena occurring between two bodies in motion rubbing against each other, as well as the influence of materials interposed between two bodies in relative motion.
- the general principle of such equipment is well known.
- the tribometer described in French patent FR2660756, for example, is known for a device for improving the evaluation of the performance of a lubricant.
- This device makes it possible to load a moving part on a fixed part in punctual, linear or surface contact in the presence of a lubricant.
- a cylinder acts on one of the parts in contact.
- Force sensors measure the force applied.
- Another French patent FR2685774 describes a device comprising a fixed assembly formed by a box and a first vertical drive electrospindle driving a first disc.
- a mobile assembly includes a second box supporting a second electrospindle which can pivot around an axis of articulation.
- Other tribometers are described in Japanese patents JP1006581, JP06281563 or JP62278427, English GB2232091 or American US4914958.
- Some measurements require that one or both of the test specimens come into contact with each other.
- the problem is that of precise temperature control, and that of maintaining a temperature differential between the two test specimens in contact.
- JP07113735 is certainly known in the state of the art. This document relates to the use of an induction coil, not to ensure the heating of one of the test pieces during a test period by a tribometer, but to denature the material by heating and cooling cycles. Such an application is not satisfactory with regard to the measurements usually performed in tribometry.
- the invention proposes a solution to this problem, making it possible to produce an improved tribometer.
- the invention relates to a disc tribometer for measuring tribological, mechanical and thermal phenomena comprising at least a first rotary support for receiving a test piece and a second rotary support for receiving a second test piece, as well as means for measuring the torque applied to each of said supports, characterized in that it also comprises at least at least one induction coil arranged to heat the test pieces driven in rotation.
- the heating is controlled to ensure a substantially constant temperature during the measurement phase of the tribological parameters, throughout the duration of the measurement. It can also be ordered according to a time trend curve, over a time range corresponding to the duration of the measurement.
- it comprises an induction coil intended to ensure the heating of one of the rotating test pieces only.
- a tribometer according to the invention allows precise regulation of the temperature of one of the test pieces, without disturbing the measurement.
- the induction coil is coaxial with one of the rotary supports.
- the tribometer according to the invention further comprises a pyrometer arranged to capture the thermal radiation produced at the interface of the two test pieces.
- the tribometer comprises an enclosure surrounding the rotary supports, said enclosure being connected to a system for controlling the atmosphere.
- At least one of the rotary supports is driven by a motor supported by a plate balanced by an adjustable load and in that it comprises a sensor for measuring the instantaneous force applied by said load.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of a tribometer 1 according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows a front view of said tribometer.
- Figures 1 and 2 show schematic views of equipment according to the invention.
- the equipment according to the example described comprises a chassis (1) supporting a first motor (2) driving a shaft (3) ensuring the rotation of a plate (4) comprising a mandrel to receive a first test tube (5).
- This motor (2) is equipped with a speed and / or position sensor, as well as a power sensor measuring the electromotive or counter electromotive force applied to the plate (4).
- the equipment comprises a second motorized assembly constituted by a plate (6) supporting a second motor (7) driving a second shaft (8) perpendicular to the first shaft (3).
- This assembly drives a second plate (9) provided with a mandrel capable of receiving a second test piece (10) coming into linear or point contact with the first test piece (5).
- the two test pieces are driven in relative rotation along perpendicular axes of rotation, at speeds ensuring sliding or, on the contrary, at homologous speeds ensuring contact without sliding.
- the induction loop is oriented along an axis corresponding to the axis of rotation of one of the test pieces. If two induction coils are used, the axes of the two coils will be perpendicular, each corresponding to the axis of rotation of one of the test pieces.
- the plate (6) is pivotally mounted relative to a pivot (11) perpendicular to the two shafts (3, 8).
- a load (12) makes it possible to adjust the bearing force of the second test piece (10) on the first test piece (4).
- the equipment includes an extensometer (20) or a force sensor for measuring the instantaneous force applied to the sample. This force is not constant, and varies in particular according to the inertia of the system.
- the two test pieces are driven so as to create a controllable friction zone.
- the parameters measured make it possible to analyze the tribological phenomena of the materials constituting the test pieces and possibly of the lubrication materials introduced between the test pieces.
- An indicator is formed by the result of a function of the normal force applied to a specimen, and of the tangential force measured.
- the equipment further comprises a high frequency generator (14) supplying an induction loop (15).
- This induction loop surrounds one of the test pieces (10) and ensures its temperature setting and its thermoregulation. It does not cause contact with the test pieces, and therefore does not disturb the measurement.
- Thermoregulation consists, according to one mode of implementation, of keeping only one of the test pieces at a constant temperature.
- the two test pieces are maintained at different constant temperatures, to measure the effect of a temperature differential.
- two pyrometers are provided, for independent measurement of the temperature of each of the samples.
- the heating temperatures are, for certain applications, between 600 and 1200 °.
- the induction coil is formed by a winding of a few turns, 6 in the example described, made of copper wire with a section of 3 mm.
- the coils have a section of 500 mm, to allow the positioning of a test tube of 450 mm section at most.
- the dimensions of the coil can be modified by a person skilled in the art to meet the needs of a measurement.
- the high frequency generator delivers an electrical signal from 30 to 300 kHz at a power of 25 kilowatts.
- test tube supports, the test tubes and the induction loop can be inserted into a sealed enclosure, having shaft passages, to allow the control of
- the equipment also includes an infrared pyrometer (16), and / or thermocouples, measuring the temperature of the contact area.
- the data concerning the torques and absorbed power, the tangential force exerted by the second test piece on the first test piece, as a function of the load (12), the heating power, the measured temperature and possibly other parameters are used by a computer. for the determination of a coefficient of friction of the pair of test pieces.
- the invention can give rise to different variant embodiments. It may include an induction loop for each of the test pieces, or else a cooled support. It may also include a filtering system allowing the analysis of wear debris continuously when operating in lubrication.
- the equipment can also include an additional sample holder for heating test pieces formed of a non-conductive material.
- the sample holder will in this case consist of a receptacle made of an electrically conductive material intended to receive the specimen and to transmit mechanical and thermal stresses to it. This sample holder is secured to one of the rotary supports, so as to ensure the drive of the test piece formed from an insulating or weakly conductive material.
- the rotary supports can be parallel, or perpendicular. In the latter case, it is advantageous for one of the supports to be horizontal, so as to avoid the fall of the debris, which must be taken into account in tribological phenomena.
- the speeds of the two supports can be homologous (that is to say at speeds ensuring a displacement of the two test pieces without sliding) or different, and one of the supports may have a zero rotation speed.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9912462 | 1999-10-06 | ||
FR9912462A FR2799547B1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 1999-10-06 | DISC TRIBOMETER FOR MEASURING TRIBOLOGICAL PHENOMENES |
PCT/FR2000/002743 WO2001025752A1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2000-10-03 | Induction-heated disc tribometer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1218721A1 true EP1218721A1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
Family
ID=9550631
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00966269A Withdrawn EP1218721A1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2000-10-03 | Induction-heated disc tribometer |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6783272B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1218721A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7671700A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2799547B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001025752A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8944978B2 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2015-02-03 | David Kristiansen | Ergonomic pull handle and associated exercise methods |
WO2010062378A1 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2010-06-03 | David Kristiansen | Ergonomic pull handle and associated exercise methods |
CN102183418B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-05 | 华中科技大学 | Device for testing micro-torsion mechanical property of low-dimension material |
CN107907216B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-06-07 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Brush seal dynamic temperature field measurement device |
EP3650830B1 (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2023-07-19 | Goodrich Actuation Systems SAS | Twin-disc tribometer capable of reciprocating and/or non-collinear motion |
CN110595929B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2024-06-18 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Wear resistance test device for printed matter on surface of passenger car switch |
CN110823739A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-21 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Vacuum high-low temperature ball-disc friction wear test device and method |
EP4166927B1 (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-07-03 | Technicka univerzita v Liberci | Device for determining the coefficient of dynamic friction of flexible planar and/or linear textiles and a method for determining the coefficient of dynamic friction |
Family Cites Families (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3535914A (en) * | 1969-02-07 | 1970-10-27 | Goodrich Co B F | Continuous shear dynamometer |
DE2733099C2 (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1979-12-13 | Brabender Ohg, 4100 Duisburg | Rotational viscometer |
JPS6025738B2 (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1985-06-20 | 出光興産株式会社 | automatic pour point tester |
JPS5757952A (en) * | 1980-09-20 | 1982-04-07 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | Method and device for converting rotary motion into rotary vibrating motion |
JPS5828656A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-02-19 | Kazuo Makino | Measuring apparatus of differential heat, differential pressure and viscosity at the same time |
GB8525662D0 (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1985-11-20 | Deer J J | Induction heating |
DE3604653A1 (en) * | 1986-02-14 | 1987-08-27 | Optimol Instr Gmbh | DEVICE FOR EXAMINING THE BEHAVIOR OF CONTRAFORMER CONTACTS |
JPS62278427A (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1987-12-03 | Hitachi Ltd | High temperature wear characteristic evaluator apparatus |
JPH02201138A (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-09 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Friction tester |
GB2232091A (en) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-12-05 | Coal Ind | Debris monitoring apparatus |
GB8921241D0 (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1989-11-08 | Monsanto Plc | Testing of viscoelastic materials |
US5163317A (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1992-11-17 | Bridgestone Corporation | Apparatus for measuring stress of viscoelastic material |
US5038601A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1991-08-13 | General Motors Corporation | Apparatus for testing friction torque transmitting devices |
US5221713A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-06-22 | Rohm And Haas Company | Co-microagglomeration of emulsion polymers (encapsulated core/shell additives for pvc) |
US5187987A (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-02-23 | The Pennsylvania Research Corporation | Bending beam creep test device with piston having a gas bearing |
FR2685774B1 (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-04-01 | Propulsion Ste Europeenne | BIDISQUE TRIBOMETER ALLOWING IN PARTICULAR HIGH SPEEDS IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS. |
JP3340168B2 (en) * | 1993-01-28 | 2002-11-05 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Friction test equipment |
JPH06281563A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1994-10-07 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | Apparatus and method for measuring temperature of test piece of friction tester |
JPH07113735A (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-05-02 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Heat cracking generation type high temperature wear testing method and device thereof |
US6070457A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 2000-06-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Viscometer |
AU714988B2 (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 2000-01-13 | Dade Behring Inc. | Apparatus and method for stabilizing a centrifuge rotor |
JPH1026581A (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Nippon Soken Inc | Friction/abrasion testing machine |
US5795990A (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1998-08-18 | Center For Tribology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring friction and wear characteristics of materials |
US6666066B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2003-12-23 | Tetra Gesellschaft für Sensorik, Robotik und Automation mbH | Device for examining friction conditions |
US6164818A (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-12-26 | Alpha Technologies | Method and apparatus for measuring viscous heating of viscoelastic materials |
US6401058B1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2002-06-04 | Wayne State University | Reciprocating system for simulating friction and wear |
US6418776B1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-07-16 | Center For Tribology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring friction and wear characteristics of materials |
US6484567B1 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-11-26 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Rheometer for rapidly measuring small quantity samples |
US6655980B2 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-12-02 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Electrical connector having locks |
-
1999
- 1999-10-06 FR FR9912462A patent/FR2799547B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-10-03 EP EP00966269A patent/EP1218721A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-10-03 AU AU76717/00A patent/AU7671700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-03 WO PCT/FR2000/002743 patent/WO2001025752A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-04-04 US US10/116,356 patent/US6783272B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0125752A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2799547A1 (en) | 2001-04-13 |
US6783272B2 (en) | 2004-08-31 |
AU7671700A (en) | 2001-05-10 |
WO2001025752A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
FR2799547B1 (en) | 2002-05-24 |
US20030063652A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20020409 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: S.A.R.L. TRIBOLINKS |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: RICHARD, CAROLINE Inventor name: DALMAS, DAVY Inventor name: SALLIT, IMAD |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050503 |