EP1213703B1 - Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau - Google Patents

Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1213703B1
EP1213703B1 EP01403144A EP01403144A EP1213703B1 EP 1213703 B1 EP1213703 B1 EP 1213703B1 EP 01403144 A EP01403144 A EP 01403144A EP 01403144 A EP01403144 A EP 01403144A EP 1213703 B1 EP1213703 B1 EP 1213703B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guides
acoustic panel
separator
panel
acoustic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01403144A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1213703A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Porte
Jacques Lalane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations SAS filed Critical Airbus Operations SAS
Publication of EP1213703A1 publication Critical patent/EP1213703A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1213703B1 publication Critical patent/EP1213703B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acoustic panel sandwich, i.e. a reducing sandwich panel noise, designed to attenuate an incident sound wave directed towards an external face of the panel.
  • An acoustic panel according to the invention can in particular be used in nacelle walls or in turbojet engine housings, in conduits to be soundproofed, etc.
  • Existing acoustic panels include generally one or more quarter wave resonators, superimposed on a total reflector.
  • Each resonator itself consists of a resistive layer, more or less breathable, and of a honeycomb structure, most often of the honeycomb type.
  • Layer resistive covers the face of the honeycomb structure facing outward, i.e. towards the wave incident sound.
  • the total reflector covers the face of the resonator opposite to this wave incident.
  • front face the face of the panel carrying the resistive layer and “face back "the opposite side of the panel, covered by the reflector.
  • the resistive layer has a dissipative role.
  • viscous effects that transform acoustic energy in heat.
  • the height of the honeycomb structure allows to tune the panel on the characteristic frequency noise to mitigate.
  • Noise dissipation in the resistive layer is maximum when the height of cells of the dimpled core is equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the frequency of the noise to be attenuated.
  • the cells of the honeycomb structure behave then like waveguides perpendicular to the surface of the panel, which gives them a response of "localized reaction” type.
  • the cells form a assembly of quarter-wave resonators in parallel.
  • Rear reflector produces conditions of total reflection, essential for behavior described above of the honeycomb core.
  • an acoustic panel should meet acoustic requirements.
  • a first of these requirements concerns the acoustic uniformity of the panel.
  • the acoustic treatment is all the more effective that it conforms to its specification on its entire surface. Compliance with this requirement depends the nature of the elements making up the panel, their relative arrangement and adhesives used for their assembly.
  • lateral energy leakage Another acoustic requirement is the requirement called “localized reaction”. If this requirement is not not respected, it occurs inside the panel a transverse propagation of sound waves, called “lateral energy leakage”, which opposes the "quarter wave” type of structure operation dimpled.
  • an acoustic panel integrated into a aircraft engine must be able to withstand conditions severe use.
  • the panel should not delamination, even in the presence of strong depressions, the panel must be able to withstand corrosion and erosion due, for example, to sand, must have good electrical conductivity so including resisting sweeping lightning and it must ability to contribute to mechanical shock absorption following a loss of dawn.
  • An acoustic panel integrated into a motor aircraft must also have structural strength allowing him to support the weight of a man as well that the transfer of aerodynamic forces and inertials from the air inlet to the engine housing.
  • acoustic panels can be classified into three categories: single panels nonlinear degree of freedom or SDOF ("simple degree of freedom ”) non-linear, single-degree panels linear freedom or linear SDOF, and the panels two degrees of freedom or DDOF ("double degree of freedom ").
  • SDOF simple degree of freedom
  • DDOF double degree of freedom
  • the resistive layer consists of a metallic or composite perforated layer.
  • a panel of this type has the advantages of allow good control of the area percentage open, to have good structural strength and be easy to perform.
  • the resistive layer is a layer micro porous made for example of a fabric metallic, of a perforated sheet associated with a fabric acoustic or a metallic fabric associated with a fabric acoustic.
  • a panel of this type allows to adjust the acoustic resistance by modifying the components of the micro porous layer. Its beach frequency is reasonable.
  • Such panel also has the advantages of having a non-linearity low to moderate as well as low dependence of the acoustic resistance on the speed of tangential flow at the surface.
  • the realization of a panel single linear freedom sandwich is more complicated than that of a single degree panel of nonlinear freedom, because the resistive layer has two components. If the components or assembly processes are not under control, the structure may have areas of non-homogeneity acoustic as well as risks of delamination of the resistive layer. In addition, the risk of corrosion of the resistive layer impose a constraint additional regarding the choice of materials used. In addition, the method of assembling such a panel is long and expensive.
  • a double degree acoustic panel of freedom as described in patent EP 0 352 993 includes, in addition to a resistive layer perforated and a rear reflector, two cores superimposed dimples, separated by a layer resistive intermediate called "septum”, generally micro porous.
  • Double degree acoustic panels of freedom has the disadvantage that areas of acoustic non-homogeneity appear due to the poor alignment of the cells of the two souls alveolate, which inevitably occurs during the panel shaping. There are also parasitic phenomena of transverse propagation in areas where the cells of the two dimpled souls are not not aligned. Finally, the process of assembling a panel of this type is long and expensive because it takes assemble one by one the various elements of the structure.
  • the subject of the invention is precisely a acoustic panel whose original design allows you to benefit from the advantages of several degrees of freedom, while removing the disadvantages due to misalignment of cells alveolar structures, such as risks acoustic inhomogeneity and transverse propagation acoustic waves.
  • this result is obtained by means of a sandwich acoustic panel comprising a resistive layer forming a front face of the panel, a honeycomb structure formed of at least two superimposed honeycomb layers each comprising a network of cells, a porous separator interposed between adjacent honeycomb layers and a reflector forming a rear face of the panel, characterized in that that the porous separator carries, on each of its faces, guides penetrating at least some of the cells of the honeycomb layers adjacent to the separator, distributed over the entire surface of the separator.
  • the resistive layer, the layers dimpled, the porous separator and the reflector are joined together by gluing.
  • the resistive layer, the honeycomb layers, the porous separator and the reflector are all made of materials identical or compatible with the adhesive which ensures their assembly.
  • These materials are preferably chosen in the group comprising metallic materials, composites and thermoplastics.
  • the guides include either aligned elements, reported on both sides of the porous separator, i.e. elements crossing the porous separator.
  • the guides are tubular or shaped solid rod, of circular section.
  • This section can be uniform over the entire length of the guide, or otherwise have tapered ends to facilitate their installation. They can also present a different section, such as a section star-shaped with at least three branches, without depart from the scope of the invention.
  • the rods can be made of any material porous or not.
  • a sandwich acoustic panel conforming to the invention consists of a stack of several constituents, joined together. For facilitate understanding, these constituents are shown slightly spaced from each other. In practice they are in close contact throughout the panel surface.
  • the acoustic panel according to the invention can be flat, as shown by way of example. However, it can also take any other form, and in particular a curved shape, as is the case when integrated into the nacelle or crankcase of a turbojet engine.
  • the acoustic panel according to the invention comprises successively a resistive layer 14, a structure dimpled 16 and a rear reflector 17.
  • the resistive layer 14 is porous or perforated. It is in contact with the outside air and struck in first by the acoustic wave that we want to dampen. As in existing double acoustic panels degree of freedom, the resistive layer 14 is designed to transform the incident acoustic energy into heat.
  • the resistive layer 14 When the panel is integrated in the nacelle of a turbojet engine, the resistive layer 14 also allows receive and transfer to links structural engine nacelle aerodynamic forces and inertials, as well as those related to the maintenance of the nacelle.
  • the honeycomb structure 16 comprises at least two superimposed honeycomb layers 18.
  • the number of layers 18 forming the honeycomb structure 16 is equal to number of degrees of freedom desired for the panel acoustic.
  • the acoustic panel is two degrees from freedom and the honeycomb structure 16 therefore includes two acoustic layers 18. This number can however be greater than two without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • Each of the honeycomb layers 18 of the structure 16 comprises a network of cells 20, the cells of each network being delimited by partitions 22.
  • the cell networks 20 of the different layers 18 are identical so that cells 20 and their partitions 22 can be aligned, as illustrated in figure 1. To this end, the shapes, the dimensions and distribution of cells 20 of each layers 18 are the same.
  • the honeycomb layers 18 have the form of honeycombs.
  • the cells 20 then have a hexagonal section.
  • honeycomb layers with cells 20 of different sections can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • honeycomb structure 16 comprising the honeycomb layers 18 has the same function as in the acoustic panels with several degrees of freedom from prior art. This function is well known to skilled in the art, so she won't developed here.
  • a separator 24 is interposed between each pair of adjacent honeycomb layers 18 of the honeycomb structure 16. In the case of a panel with two degrees of freedom as illustrated in figure 1, a only separator is placed between the two layers dimpled 18. More generally, the number of separators 24 is one unit less than that of honeycomb layers 16.
  • Each separator 24 is made in one porous material. This material is chosen for its qualities of acoustic resistance, for its resistance to corrosion and for its low mass, because the level of structural stress to which it is subject is weak.
  • the porous material of the separator 24 can be metallic, synthetic or fiber-based fabric variety. It can also be a material thermoplastic or porous plastic. It ensures the same function that the porous separators interposed between the honeycomb layers of art acoustic panels prior to several degrees of freedom. This function is well known to those skilled in the art, so that it no description will be given here.
  • the separator porous 24 carries, on each of its faces, guides 26. These guides 26 are regularly distributed throughout the surface of the separator 24, according to a network superimposable on that of the cells 20 of the layers dimpled 18. In addition, the shape and sizing guides 26 are such that each of them can enter one of the 20 cells with a clearance too limited as possible.
  • each of the guides 26 is located opposite a cell 20 when the honeycomb layers 18 and the or the separators 24 are superimposed. This result can be obtained either by providing on each side of the separator 24 as many guides 26 as there are cells 20 on the honeycomb layer 18 adjacent either, preferably by equipping the separator 24 with a number guides 26 lower than that of cells 20, as illustrated in Figure 1. In the latter case, the number guides 26 simply need to be sufficient for a correct alignment of cells 20 and partitions 22 is provided on the entire panel (we can provide, for example, a guide 26 for three to five cells 20 aligned). In order to satisfy this condition, the number of guides 26 is greater the greater the curvature of the panel is important.
  • the shape presented by the guides 26 can be any, provided that the positioning effect mechanical sought is obtained.
  • the guides 26 are tubular. However, they may also present a different shape such as a shaped section star with three or four branches, without leaving the part of the invention.
  • the guides 26 When the guides 26 are tubular, they may in particular have a cross section circular or polygonal. This section can be uniform, as shown in Figure 1, or at otherwise variable, for example reduced and rounded in going towards the ends, to facilitate assembly, as shown in Figure 2a.
  • the guides 26 are made up of solid rods.
  • the rod is terminated by one end conical.
  • the rod has, in section along its longitudinal axis, a shape rounded, for example substantially oval or elliptical.
  • the guides 26 can be produced in any materials, which mainly depend on the material chosen for the separator that carries them. according to the materials, the guides 26 can be fixed to the separator by welding, gluing, interlocking, etc.
  • the guides 26 include pairs of tubes 2 aligned, reported separately on either side of the separator 24.
  • the alignment of the tubes 28 is ensured by the use of appropriate tools when the tubes are fixed to the separator, for example by bonding.
  • the guides 26 include elements 28 (in the form of tubes on FIG. 1) which cross the separator 24. The alignment is then ensured by construction, without that it is necessary to use a tool particular. However, in the case of guides tubular, they are then devoid of separator, unless you use tubular guides that you internally equipped with individual separators, before or after their attachment to the separator.
  • the rear reflector 17 is made of the same way as in art acoustic panels previous, according to the usual knowledge of the skilled person. It will therefore not be special description.
  • the adhesive used to bond the different components of the panel can occur in the form of a film or be projected or sprayed on at least one of the components to be assembled.
  • the different components of the panel can be made of various materials metallic, composite, thermoplastic, etc.
  • separator 24 in accordance with the invention enables the panel to be produced in materials identical or compatible with the adhesive used, i.e. in a single family of materials (for example, any composite). We thus avoid corrosion and galvanic torque problems. In addition, quality bonding is guaranteed between the different components.
  • a separator 24 equipped with guides 26 ensures continuity of cells and partitions of the honeycomb layers 18, between the layer resistive front 14 and rear reflector 17.
  • the cells 20 are thus automatically aligned whatever whatever the shape of the panel, and especially when it is a complex aerodynamic form or not developable. This arrangement also makes it possible to eliminate lateral energy leaks and therefore keep a localized acoustic reaction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau, umfassend:
    eine Widerstandsschicht (14), die eine Vorderfläche der Platte bildet, eine Zellstruktur (16), die aus mindestens zwei übereinandergelagerten Zellschichten (18) gebildet ist, von denen jede ein Zellennetz (20) aufweist, einen porösen Separator (24), der zwischen die benachbarten Zellschichten (18) eingefügt ist, und einen Reflektor (17), der eine Rückfläche der Platte bildet,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der poröse Separator (24) auf jeder seiner Flächen Führungen (26) trägt, die in mindestens einige der Zellen (20) der dem Separator benachbarten Zellschichten (18) hineinragen und die auf der gesamten Oberfläche des Separators verteilt sind.
  2. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Widerstandsschicht (14), die Zellschichten (18), der poröse Separator (24) und der Reflektor (17) untereinander durch Verkleben zusammengefügt sind.
  3. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die Widerstandsschicht (14), die Zellschichten (18), der poröse Separator (24) und der Reflektor (17) alle aus identischen oder mit einem Klebstoff, mit dem sie zusammengefügt werden, kompatiblen Stoffen hergestellt sind.
  4. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Materialien aus der Gruppe gewählt sind, die metallische Stoffe, Verbundstoffe und thermoplastische Stoffe umfasst.
  5. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Führungen (26) ausgerichtete Elemente (28), die auf beiden Seiten des porösen Separa tors (24) angebracht sind, umfassen.
  6. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Führungen (26) den porösen Separator (24) durchsetzende Elemente umfassen.
  7. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Führungen (26) rohrförmig sind.
  8. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Führungen (26) massive Stangen sind.
  9. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Führungen (26) spitz zulaufende Enden aufweisen.
  10. Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Führungen (26) einen auf ihrer gesamten Länge im wesentlichen gleichmäßigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
EP01403144A 2000-12-08 2001-12-06 Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau Expired - Lifetime EP1213703B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0015981 2000-12-08
FR0015981A FR2817994B1 (fr) 2000-12-08 2000-12-08 Panneau acoustique sandwich

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1213703A1 EP1213703A1 (de) 2002-06-12
EP1213703B1 true EP1213703B1 (de) 2004-05-19

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EP01403144A Expired - Lifetime EP1213703B1 (de) 2000-12-08 2001-12-06 Akustische Platte mit Sandwichaufbau

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6615950B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1213703B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE267442T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2364347C (de)
DE (1) DE60103352T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2220693T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2817994B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2817994A1 (fr) 2002-06-14
DE60103352D1 (de) 2004-06-24
ATE267442T1 (de) 2004-06-15
CA2364347A1 (en) 2002-06-08
CA2364347C (en) 2010-10-19
FR2817994B1 (fr) 2003-02-28
US20020070077A1 (en) 2002-06-13
ES2220693T3 (es) 2004-12-16
EP1213703A1 (de) 2002-06-12
DE60103352T2 (de) 2005-06-02
US6615950B2 (en) 2003-09-09

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