EP1213396B1 - Flexible brick plate and building method using said curved roofing panels - Google Patents
Flexible brick plate and building method using said curved roofing panels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1213396B1 EP1213396B1 EP99922189A EP99922189A EP1213396B1 EP 1213396 B1 EP1213396 B1 EP 1213396B1 EP 99922189 A EP99922189 A EP 99922189A EP 99922189 A EP99922189 A EP 99922189A EP 1213396 B1 EP1213396 B1 EP 1213396B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bricks
- plate
- stiffening
- brick
- laminar support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
- E04B1/3205—Structures with a longitudinal horizontal axis, e.g. cylindrical or prismatic structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
- E04B2001/3217—Auxiliary supporting devices used during erection of the arched structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
- E04B2001/3258—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel
- E04B2001/3264—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel hardened in situ
Definitions
- This invention also relates to a method for building with the said plate of dome-shaped roof made of reinforced masonry with its intrados finished, that is to say for building dome-shaped roofs of the kind formed by a plurality of bricks arranged in a panel as a network leaving gaps between them for the bidirectional passage of stiffening reinforcements and with the said intrados finished with apparent bricks.
- the second part of the object of this invention is achieved providing a process for building dome-shaped roofs with reinforced masonry with their intrados finished, of the kind formed by a plurality of bricks arranged on a panel forming network leaving gaps between each other for the bidirectional passage of stiffening frames and with the said finish of the intrados of apparent bricks.
- the result will be a laminar roof in which the said laminar support will remain built acting as a punch shearing resisting frame and contributing to lengthwise and crosswise bending strength of the said roof, as well to the bricks which would act as compression strength elements.
- the thickness of the layer of concrete or mortar and therefore the total thickness of the roof will be minimized because of its high strength which provides the arcuate bending having a catenary direction line.
- the said obturation comprises the application at any moment between steps (c) and (g) of a flexible substantially impervious wall stretch, such as a plastic material plate, fastened detachably on the face of the apparent panel of the brick flexible plate or plates.
- step (h) will include the operation of withdrawing the said flexible stretch of wall.
- the obturation of the said gaps between bricks would also be feasible by applying an elastic filler between step (e) and (g), the said filler remaining built in the intrados of the finished dome-shaped roof.
- step (g 1 ) is included consisting in arranging a plurality of second reinforced bars 17 in the said gaps 4 aligned between bricks in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements 5, crossing themselves with the first reinforced bars 6 between these later and the flexible plate, each second reinforcing bar 17 extending along all the brick flexible plates 1 joined end to end, so that the said second reinforced bars 17 establish a mechanical continuity along the whole dome-shaped surface 40 whereby, once it is finished, it behaves as a large edge beam.
- steps (a) to (c) can be carried out in an industrial prefabricated step for producing the said brick flexible plate 1, while the steps (d) to (h) are carried out in masonry.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Description
Claims (28)
- Brick flexible plate acting as building element of apparent brick with permanent formwork applicable to building pavements, walls and roofs, particularly building elements having a sinuous development and more particularly to dome-shaped roofs of reinforced masonry with their intrados finished with apparent bricks, the said brick flexible plate (1) comprising:a flexible laminar support (2), provided with a plurality of holes (2a) for concrete or mortar passing through them on which a plurality of bricks (3) are fastened arranged in a panel forming a network leaving between each other brick aligned gaps (4);stiffening and fastening elements (5), fastened on first opposite end edges (2b) of the said laminar support (2);a plurality of first reinforcing bars (6) arranged along the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks, in the direction perpendicular to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), the said first reinforcing bars (6) being linked at least to a series of points (2d) of the said laminar support (2) and fastened by its ends (6a) to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5).
- Plate, according to claim 1 characterized in that the said link of the said first reinforcing bars (6) to the laminar support (2) is carried out by means of separators (12) so that they remain arranged in the said gaps 4 aligned between bricks, at a distance from the laminar support (2) and without protruding from the apparent panel (3c) of bricks (3).
- Plate, according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises in addition a plurality of second reinforced bars (7) arranged in the said gaps (4) aligned in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), crossing themselves with the first reinforcing bars (6) between these later and the flexible plate and with their ends (7a) protruding from related second opposite end edges (2c) of the plate perpendicular to the said first opposite end edges (2b).
- Plate according to claim 3, characterized in that the said ends (7a) protruding from the said second reinforcing bars (7) are hook-like curved.
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in addition means for obturating the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks, sufficient for retaining a concrete or mortar discharged or projected on the face corresponding to the laminar support (2) thereof.
- Plate, according to claim 5, characterized in that the said obturating means are formed, at least in part , by ribs (3a) of the edges (3b) of the bricks (3) adjacent to its apparent panel (3c), wherein the said ribs (3a) can remain very close to or contacting each other delimiting between them and the laminar support (2) the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks.
- Plate, according to claim 5, characterized in that the said obturating means are constituted by a flexible substantially impervious wall stretch (8), such as a plastic material plate, adhered detachably on the face of the apparent panel (1a) of the brick flexible plate (1).
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said stiffening and fastening elements (5) are profiles of steel welded to the said first end edges (2b) opposite to the said laminar support (2).
- Plate, according to claim 8, characterized in that the said profiles comprise elements which can be hooked by a crane, such as holes (5a) or welded rings.
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that fastening the said bricks (3) on the laminar support (2) is carried out by means of a cement-glue (9) or a similar adhesive.
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said bricks (3) are uncored bricks (3).
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said bricks (3) are cored bricks.
- Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the said bricks (3) are flooring block type bricks.
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said laminar support (2) is a panel which has a plurality of notches pierced in it, oriented and thereafter pulled until the said notches remain open, as a drawn panel arranged with the said notches oriented in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5).
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said laminar support (2) is a rib mesh of the electrowelded type.
- Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the said laminar support (2) is a rib mesh of the braided type.
- Plate, according to claim 1, characterized in that the said laminar support (2) is a plate of plastic material provided with a plurality of openings, with a sufficiently low coefficient of elongation.
- Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the said first and second reinforcing bars (6,7) are corrugated steel bars.
- Dome-shaped roof built using at least a brick flexible plate (1) according to any of preceding claims.
- Process for building dome-shaped roofs of reinforced masonry with its intrados finished of the kind formed by a plurality of bricks (3) arranged in a panel forming a network leaving gaps (4) between them for the bidirectional passage of stiffening reinforcements and with the said intrados finished with apparent bricks, the said process being characterized in that it comprises, nor necessarily in this order, the steps of:(a) fastening the said plurality of bricks (3) arranged in a panel, forming a network, leaving between them gaps (4) aligned on a flexible laminar support (2) provided with a plurality of holes (2a) allowing the passage of concrete or mortar through them;(b) stiffening first edges (2b) of opposite ends of the said laminar support (2) by fastening them to corresponding stiffening and fastening elements (5);(c) arranging a plurality of first reinforced bars (6) along the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks, in the direction perpendicular to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), linking the said first reinforcing arms (6) at least to a series of points (2d) of the said laminar support (2), and fastening their ends (6a) to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5),
so that a brick flexible plate (1) formed by the said laminar support (2), and the said plurality of bricks (3) adhered to it is obtained, the said stiffening and fastening elements (5) fastened on first edges (2b) of opposite ends of the laminar support (2) and the said first reinforced bars (6) arranged along the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks, linked to the laminar support (2) and fastened by its ends (6a) to the stiffening and fastening elements (5); and(d) hanging the said brick flexible plate (1) by the said stiffening and fastening elements (5) with the apparent panel face (1a) at the lower part leaving that it freely adopts, by its own weigh, a shape of a cross section in inverted arch having a catenary direction line, working at pure pulling;(e) fastening a preselected span and deflection for the said inverted arch of catenary direction line linking to each other both stiffening and fastening elements (1b) of the first opposite end edges of the said brick flexible plate (1) by means of stiffening bars (10) having a predetermined length;(f) inverting the position of the brick flexible plate (1) keeping the said link by means of the said stiffening bars (10) leaving it to freely adopt by its own weigh a dome-shaped configuration having an arcuate cross section with catenary direction line, of span and deflection same as those established at step (e) but operating under pure compression and placing the brick flexible plate (1) thus arranged at its definitive place.(g) coating the brick flexible plate (1) by its higher part with concrete or mortar having care that the said concrete or mortar passes through the said plurality of holes (2a) of the laminar support (2) and fills the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks embedding the said first reinforcing bars (6) and that in addition it forms a layer (11) having a predetermined thickness above the said laminar support (2); and(h) withdrawing, once the concrete is set, the said stiffening bars (10) with which the said dome-shaped of reinforced masonry is formed, with an arcuate cross section having a catenary direction line and with its intrados finished, with apparent bricks, without any further treatment being required. - Process according to claim 20, characterized in that step (f) comprises placing at its definitive place two or more of the said brick flexible plates (1) consecutively joined end to end for forming a longer dome-shaped surface (40).
- Process, according to claim 21, characterized in that between steps (f) and (g) is included the step:(g1) arranging a plurality of second reinforced bars (17) in the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), crossing themselves with the first reinforced bars (6) between these later and the flexible plate, each second reinforcing bar (17) extending along all the brick flexible plates (1) joined end to end,
- Process, according to claim 21, characterized in that between the steps (f) and (g) are included the steps:(f1) arranging, in addition, a plurality of second reinforcing bars (7) in the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), crossing themselves with the first reinforcing bars (6) between these later and the flexible plate, each second reinforcing bar (7) extending along at least a brick flexible plate (1) and with its ends (7a) protruding by corresponding second edges (2c) of opposite ends perpendicular to the said first edges (2b) of opposite ends; and(f2) linking the said protruding ends (7a) of the second reinforced bars (7) of a brick flexible plate (1) to related second reinforcing bars (7) of its brick flexible plate (1) adjacent joined end to end,
- Process, according to claim 21, characterized in that between steps (c) and (d) is included the step: (c1) arranging, in addition, a plurality of second reinforcing bars (7) in the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks in the direction parallel to the said stiffening and fastening elements (5), crossing themselves with the first reinforcing bars (6) between these later and the flexible plate, and with their ends (7a) protruding by corresponding second opposite end edges (2c) of the brick flexible plate (1) perpendicular to the said first opposite end edges (2b),
while between steps (f) and (g) is included the step of:
(f2) linking the said protruding ends (7a) of the second reinforced bars (7) of each brick flexible plate (1) to related second reinforcing bars (7) of its brick flexible plate (1) adjacent joined end to end,
so that a mechanical continuity of the said second reinforcing bars (7) is established along the whole dome-shaped surface (40) by virtue of which once it is finished, it behaves as a large edge beam. - Process according to claim 20, characterized in that it includes an obturation of the said gaps (4) aligned between bricks prior to step (g).
- Process according to claim 25, characterized in that the said obturation is achieved by ribs (3a) of edges (3b) of the bricks (3) adjacent to their apparent panel (3c) wherein the said ribs can remain close to or contacting each other, defining between them and the laminar support (2) the said gaps (4) aligned between the bricks.
- Process according to claim 25 characterized in that the said obturation comprises the application at any moment between the steps (c) and (g) of a flexible substantially impervious wall stretch (8), such as a plastic material plate, fastened detachably on the face of the apparent panel (1a) of the brick flexible plate or plates (1).
- Process according to any of the claims 20 to 27, characterized in that steps (a) to (c) are carried out in a step of industrial prefabrication for producing the said brick flexible plate (1) while steps (h) to (c) are carried out at the works.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES1999/000150 WO2000071823A1 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-05-24 | Flexible brick plate and building method using said curved roofing panels |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1213396A1 EP1213396A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
EP1213396A8 EP1213396A8 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
EP1213396B1 true EP1213396B1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
Family
ID=8307065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99922189A Expired - Lifetime EP1213396B1 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 1999-05-24 | Flexible brick plate and building method using said curved roofing panels |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1213396B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69910846T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2207216T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000071823A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0226439D0 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2002-12-18 | Univ Belfast | Concrete arch and method of manufacture |
ES2322740B1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2010-04-06 | Asociacion Española De Fabricantes De Ladrillos Y Tejas De Arcilla Cocida, Hispalyt | FLEXIBLE BRICK SHEET FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS, AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE OF THE SHEET LAMINA. |
US9587407B2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2017-03-07 | Howard Hancock Newman | Envelope system for solar, structural insulated panel, modular, prefabricated, emergency and other structures |
KR20210099104A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-08-11 | 플렉스브릭, 에스.엘 | Architectural Enclosure Containing Structural Elements and Improved Flexible Brick Sheets |
CN117513640B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-04-19 | 上海宝冶建筑装饰有限公司 | Arched dry-hanging grouting ceramic tile ceiling and construction method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1020175B (en) * | 1955-06-18 | 1957-11-28 | Werner Kosfeld | Lightweight body for ceiling and roof constructions |
GB2011521A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1979-07-11 | Ibstock Building Products Ltd | Prefabricated arch |
US4279680A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1981-07-21 | Watson Jr Louis L | Methods for forming thinwall structures |
-
1999
- 1999-05-24 WO PCT/ES1999/000150 patent/WO2000071823A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-05-24 EP EP99922189A patent/EP1213396B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-24 ES ES99922189T patent/ES2207216T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-24 DE DE69910846T patent/DE69910846T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1213396A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
DE69910846D1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
DE69910846T2 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
EP1213396A8 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
ES2207216T3 (en) | 2004-05-16 |
WO2000071823A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
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