EP1208965B1 - Embossing rollers for paper - Google Patents

Embossing rollers for paper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1208965B1
EP1208965B1 EP20010127608 EP01127608A EP1208965B1 EP 1208965 B1 EP1208965 B1 EP 1208965B1 EP 20010127608 EP20010127608 EP 20010127608 EP 01127608 A EP01127608 A EP 01127608A EP 1208965 B1 EP1208965 B1 EP 1208965B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roll
depressions
calender
calender according
embossing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP20010127608
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1208965A3 (en
EP1208965A2 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Rothfuss
Reinhard Leigraf
Michael Ganasinski
Lothar Zimmermann
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Paper Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP1208965A2 publication Critical patent/EP1208965A2/en
Publication of EP1208965A3 publication Critical patent/EP1208965A3/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0728Material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/073Rollers having a multilayered structure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0733Pattern
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784Auxiliary operations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paper embossing calender comprising a hard roll having an unyielding surface and a soft roll having a compliant surface layer which together form a nip, the soft roll having depressions in the surface corresponding to an embossing pattern.
  • Such an embossing calender is known from EP 0 498 623 A2.
  • the hard roller has projections which press a path passing through the nip between the hard and soft rollers into recesses formed in the soft roller.
  • the recesses in the soft roller are burned out with the help of a laser.
  • JP 10 315 325 A describes a stamping device for a film with a metal embossing roller and a cooperating rubber roller.
  • the metal roll has a surface roughness of 0.4 to 5 ⁇ m
  • the rubber roll has a surface roughness of 0.2 to 2.5 ⁇ m .
  • Embossing is a finishing process in which a paper web is provided with a pattern that can be perceived visually and / or by feel. This embossing is done so far in that a pattern is provided in the surface of the hard roller, which is either pressed directly into the paper web or the fact that the hard roller first works on the soft roller and there generates the image of the pattern, so that at subsequent passage through the paper web, the pattern is stamped on both sides in the paper web, so to speak.
  • the processing of the hard roller is relatively expensive.
  • wear of the soft roller is likely to be noticeable for a relatively short time, which reduces the life of the soft roller.
  • DE 87 12 013 U1 shows a calendering calender with a hard roll and a soft roll whose roll cover consists of elastomers.
  • the roll cover has a rough surface which may be rough ground, sandblasted or otherwise structured. This would be to produce papers that are smooth on the side, with which they rest against the hard roller, but rough on the other side. Such papers are used for example for labels whose back must be particularly receptive to glue.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a further embossing process available.
  • the hard roll is considered to be a roll having an unyielding surface. Such rolls are usually made of metal. At least its surface is formed of a correspondingly hard metal layer.
  • the soft roll is a roll having a compliant, ie elastic surface layer, which is usually formed by a coating which is arranged on a carrier.
  • the formerly common paper rolls are Today almost completely replaced by rollers with plastic coverings. Such plastic coverings have the advantage that they can be made relatively smooth. In the case of the paper embossing calender, therefore, initially two rolls act together, which have smooth surfaces. However, an embossed pattern is incorporated into the smooth surface of the soft roll.
  • the paper web when the paper web is passed through the nip between the hard and soft rolls, it undergoes a different treatment in the recessed areas of the soft roll than in the remaining areas.
  • the paper web is smoothed on both sides, while it remains untreated in the recessed areas. In this way, a pattern can be imprinted in the paper web.
  • the life of the soft roll remains relatively high because the coating of the soft roll is not significantly more reshaped than is the case with "normal" calenders in which a soft roll and a hard roll co-operate.
  • the embossing pattern remains relatively long. Making the embossing patterns is easier in the soft roll than in the hard roll because the material presents less resistance to machining on the surface of the soft roll.
  • the recesses are greater than 0.1 mm. With such a size, a sufficient distance between the bottom of the recesses and the remaining areas is created so that patterns can be embossed.
  • the recesses are greater than 1 mm. This makes it possible to grind the soft roller several times. Experience has shown that in a regrinding about 0.25 mm material is removed. This allows embossing for a longer period of time perform. On the other hand, if you want to create a new pattern every time you regrind, you will choose the indentations with a depth of less than 0.2 mm.
  • the recesses each have bottom surfaces whose roughness is greater than that of the surface.
  • This embodiment has several advantages. First, it is not necessary to smooth the bottom surfaces. On the contrary, after the indentations have been introduced, they can be left in the roughness caused by the machining process. Above all, one can also accept that the depth of the recesses has decreased sharply after several regrinding operations. Even if the paper web then contacts the bottom surface of the recesses, the pattern can still be seen.
  • surface areas remaining between the recesses have a roughness of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m .
  • the surface of the soft roller is so relatively smooth, which can be achieved with modern plastic.
  • the roughness Ra is between 0.3 and 1 ⁇ m .
  • the roughness should in any case be so small that the surface areas between the recesses result in no matting, in which the paper surface is roughened.
  • the smoothness of the surface areas of a freshly ground soft roll corresponds to the smoothness of the hard roll surface after a predetermined operating time.
  • the surface of the hard roll is so smooth, so that gives a relatively high smoothness when embossing the one side of the paper web, while the other side of the paper web is smoothed only in the surface areas between the wells.
  • a freshly smoothed soft roller often has a Rauhingkeitswert Ra in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 ⁇ m, which varies in the course of operation to about 1 ⁇ m.
  • a hard roller for example from chilled cast iron, has a surface roughness of about 0.08 ⁇ m, the ⁇ after a certain operating time to 0.5 m degrades after grinding. When this value is reached, a revision is usually required again.
  • the recesses are milled or rotated. Milling is a relatively easy way to make the wells. With turning, it is preferable to produce patterns which extend laterally in the paper web in the longitudinal direction.
  • the depressions may be etched. This makes it possible to create much more complex patterns, for example with the aid of photolithographic methods. However, the handling of the roller during etching is somewhat more expensive.
  • the line load in the nip is in the range of 100 to 400 N / mm, preferably 150 to 250 N / mm.
  • This line load is capable of producing a noticeable difference in the surface areas between the recesses and the recesses, so that the embossing pattern is easily recognizable.
  • the hard roll is heated to a surface temperature in the range of 50 to 150 ° C, preferably 100 to 130 ° C. In the nip then arise appropriate temperatures that are useful for a corresponding deformation of the paper web in the nip.
  • the rollers rotate at a peripheral speed in the range of 600 to 100 m / min, preferably from 700 to 950 m / min.
  • the calender is designed as an on-line calender. So you can effect the embossing of the paper web immediately following a paper or coating machine. Thus, the cost of embossing is kept relatively small.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a paper embossing calender 1 with a hard roll 2, which has a smooth surface, and a soft roll 3, which has a plastic coating 4, whose surface is also smooth.
  • the roughness Ra of the surface of the soft roll 3 is in the range of 0.3 to 1 .mu.m , ie the roll 3 after grinding has a roughness Ra in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 .mu.m , which is then in operation increases to about 1 ⁇ m.
  • the roughness of the surface of the hard roller 2 lies in the same order of magnitude.
  • the roughness decreases during operation from about 0.08 ⁇ m to about 0.5 ⁇ m , before a revision is required becomes.
  • the surface of the hard roller can be even smoother.
  • the two rollers 2, 3 together form a nip 5, through which a paper web 6 is guided.
  • the paper embossing calender 1 is intended exclusively for embossing paper webs 6.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section of a development of the surface of the soft roll 3, i. a view of the radial outside of the lining. 4
  • the covering 4 thus has depressions 7 on its surface, remaining between the surface regions or webs 8 whose roughness corresponds to the roughness of the original surface of the lining 4.
  • the roughness in the bottom surfaces of the depressions 7 can and should be greater than the roughness of the remaining surface regions 8.
  • the paper web 6 is pressurized in the nip 5.
  • non-illustrated pressing elements act on the two rollers 2, 3, that in Nip 5 a Strekkenlast of 100 to 400 N / mm prevails.
  • the line load is in the range of 150 to 250 N / mm.
  • the areas adjacent to the surface areas 8 of the paper web 6 also smoother. This then leads to 6 different areas arise on the surface of the paper web, which can be distinguished visually and possibly also by feeling clear from each other. For example, the regions of the paper web 6 which have been applied to the surface regions 8 shine more strongly than those which have covered the depressions 7.
  • the recesses 7 have a depth of more than 1 mm. Even if one grinds the remaining surface areas 8 several times and a material removal of the order of 0.25 mm takes place with each regrinding operation, a sufficiently large reserve is available so that the paper embossing pattern can be obtained over a relatively long period of time.
  • the regrinding again provides a completely smooth surface of the roller 3, in which a new pattern can be incorporated.
  • the recesses 7 can be produced in several ways. A particularly simple way is that the recesses 7 are milled. In this case, a milling tool 7 in the elastic pad 4 of the soft Roller 3 is sunk and acts on the soft roller 3 so that only the webs or remaining surface areas 8 remain.
  • Another, also relatively simple way to produce the embossing pattern is to turn off the soft roller 3 in certain areas to produce the recesses 7. Such processing is particularly advantageous when the pattern extends linearly in the longitudinal direction of the embossed paper web.
  • the remaining surface areas 8 are covered with an acid-proof layer, and the recesses 7 are then produced by the application of acid. This can be much finer structures than when milling.
  • the embossing calender 1 can be used as an on-line calender, i. the paper web can be embossed immediately following a paper or coater.
  • the rollers 2, 3 rotate at a peripheral speed of the order of 600 to 1000 m / min. Despite this relatively high speed, it is possible to emboss the patterns with the desired quality.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Papierprägekalander mit einer harten Walze, die eine unnachgiebige Oberfläche aufweist, und einer weichen Walze mit einer nachgiebigen Oberflächenschicht, die zusammen einen Nip bilden, wobei die weiche Walze Vertiefungen in der Oberfläche aufweist, die einem Prägemuster entsprechen.The invention relates to a paper embossing calender comprising a hard roll having an unyielding surface and a soft roll having a compliant surface layer which together form a nip, the soft roll having depressions in the surface corresponding to an embossing pattern.

Ein derartiger Prägekalander ist aus EP 0 498 623 A2 bekannt. Die harte Walze weist hierbei Vorsprünge auf, die eine den Nip zwischen der harten und der weichen Walze durchlaufende Bahn in Ausnehmungen pressen, die in der weichen Walze ausgebildet sind. Die Ausnehmungen in der weichen Walze werden mit Hilfe eines Lasers herausgebrannt.Such an embossing calender is known from EP 0 498 623 A2. The hard roller has projections which press a path passing through the nip between the hard and soft rollers into recesses formed in the soft roller. The recesses in the soft roller are burned out with the help of a laser.

JP 10 315 325 A beschreibt eine Prägevorrichtung für einen Film mit einer Metall-Prägewalze und einer damit zusammenwirkenden Gummiwalze. Die Metallwalze weist eine Oberflächenrauhigkeit von 0,4 bis 5 µm und die Gummiwalze weist eine Oberflächenrauhigkeit von 0,2 bis 2,5 µm auf.JP 10 315 325 A describes a stamping device for a film with a metal embossing roller and a cooperating rubber roller. The metal roll has a surface roughness of 0.4 to 5 μm, and the rubber roll has a surface roughness of 0.2 to 2.5 μm .

Ein weiterer Kalander ist bekannt aus J. Schlunke "Das Prägen", Sonderdruck aus "Das Österreichische Papier", 4/1976.Another calender is known from J. Schlunke "The embossing", reprint from "The Austrian paper", 4/1976.

Prägen ist ein Veredlungsverfahren, bei dem eine Papierbahn mit einem Muster versehen wird, das optisch und/oder durch Fühlen wahrgenommen werden kann. Dieses Prägen erfolgt bislang dadurch, daß in der Oberfläche der harten Walze ein Muster vorgesehen wird, das entweder unmittelbar in die Papierbahn eingedrückt wird oder dadurch, daß die harte Walze zunächst auf die weiche Walze arbeitet und dort das Abbild des Musters erzeugt, so daß beim nachfolgenden Durchlaufen der Papierbahn das Muster sozusagen beidseitig in die Papierbahn eingeprägt wird.Embossing is a finishing process in which a paper web is provided with a pattern that can be perceived visually and / or by feel. This embossing is done so far in that a pattern is provided in the surface of the hard roller, which is either pressed directly into the paper web or the fact that the hard roller first works on the soft roller and there generates the image of the pattern, so that at subsequent passage through the paper web, the pattern is stamped on both sides in the paper web, so to speak.

Das Bearbeiten der harten Walze ist relativ aufwendig. Wenn hinzukommt, daß die harte Walze die weiche Walze unmittelbar beaufschlagt, entstehen an der weichen Walze relativ schnell merkbare Verschleißerscheinungen, die die Lebensdauer der weichen Walze herabsetzen.The processing of the hard roller is relatively expensive. In addition, when the hard roller directly urges the soft roller, wear of the soft roller is likely to be noticeable for a relatively short time, which reduces the life of the soft roller.

DE 87 12 013 U1 zeigt einen Satinierkalander mit einer harten Walze und einer weichen Walze, deren Walzenbezug aus Elastomeren besteht. Der Walzenbezug weist eine rauhe Oberfläche auf, die rauhgeschliffen, sandgestrahlt oder auf andere Weise strukturiert sein kann. Damit möchte man Papiere erzeugen, die auf der Seite, mit der sie an der harten Walze anliegen, glatt sind, auf der anderen Seite aber rauh. Derartige Papiere werden beispielsweise für Etiketten verwendet, deren Rückseite besonders aufnahmebereit für Leim sein muß.DE 87 12 013 U1 shows a calendering calender with a hard roll and a soft roll whose roll cover consists of elastomers. The roll cover has a rough surface which may be rough ground, sandblasted or otherwise structured. This would be to produce papers that are smooth on the side, with which they rest against the hard roller, but rough on the other side. Such papers are used for example for labels whose back must be particularly receptive to glue.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein weiteres Prägeverfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen.The invention has for its object to provide a further embossing process available.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Papierprägekalander der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die weiche Walze eine glatte Oberfläche mit einer Rauhigkeit Ra ≤ 1 µm aufweist und die harte Walze eine glatte Oberfläche, deren Rauhigkeit in einer entsprechenden Größenordnung liegt, aufweist.This object is achieved in a paper embossing calender of the type mentioned above in that the soft roll has a smooth surface with a roughness Ra ≤ 1 μ m and the hard roll has a smooth surface whose roughness is of a corresponding order of magnitude.

Als harte Walze wird eine Walze mit einer unnachgiebigen Oberfläche angesehen. Derartige Walzen bestehen üblicherweise aus Metall. Zumindest ist ihre Oberfläche aus einer entsprechend harten Metallschicht gebildet. Die weiche Walze ist eine Walze mit einer nachgiebigen, d.h. elastischen Oberflächenschicht, die üblicherweise durch einen Belag gebildet ist, der auf einem Träger angeordnet ist. Die früher üblichen Papierwalzen sind heute fast durchgehend durch Walzen mit Kunststoffbelägen verdrängt worden. Derartige Kunststoffbeläge haben den Vorteil, daß sie relativ glatt ausgebildet sein können. Bei dem Papierprägekalander wirken also zunächst zwei Walzen zusammen, die glatte Oberflächen aufweisen. Allerdings ist in die glatte Oberfläche der weichen Walze ein Prägemuster eingearbeitet. Wenn nun die Papierbahn durch den Nip zwischen der harten und der weichen Walze geführt wird, dann erfährt sie in den vertieften Bereichen der weichen Walze eine andere Behandlung als in den verbleibenden Bereichen. In letzteren wird die Papierbahn beispielsweise beidseitig geglättet, während sie in den vertieften Bereichen unbehandelt bleibt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich ein Muster in die Papierbahn einprägen. Die Lebensdauer der weichen Walze bleibt relativ hoch, weil der Belag der weichen Walze nicht wesentlich stärker umgeformt wird, als dies bei "normalen" Kalandern der Fall ist, in denen einen weiche Walze und eine harte Walze zusammenwirken. Das Prägemuster bleibt relativ lange erhalten. Das Herstellen der Prägemuster ist in der weichen Walze einfacher als in der harten Walze, weil das Material an der Oberfläche der weichen Walze einer Bearbeitung einen geringeren Widerstand entgegensetzt.The hard roll is considered to be a roll having an unyielding surface. Such rolls are usually made of metal. At least its surface is formed of a correspondingly hard metal layer. The soft roll is a roll having a compliant, ie elastic surface layer, which is usually formed by a coating which is arranged on a carrier. The formerly common paper rolls are Today almost completely replaced by rollers with plastic coverings. Such plastic coverings have the advantage that they can be made relatively smooth. In the case of the paper embossing calender, therefore, initially two rolls act together, which have smooth surfaces. However, an embossed pattern is incorporated into the smooth surface of the soft roll. Now, when the paper web is passed through the nip between the hard and soft rolls, it undergoes a different treatment in the recessed areas of the soft roll than in the remaining areas. In the latter example, the paper web is smoothed on both sides, while it remains untreated in the recessed areas. In this way, a pattern can be imprinted in the paper web. The life of the soft roll remains relatively high because the coating of the soft roll is not significantly more reshaped than is the case with "normal" calenders in which a soft roll and a hard roll co-operate. The embossing pattern remains relatively long. Making the embossing patterns is easier in the soft roll than in the hard roll because the material presents less resistance to machining on the surface of the soft roll.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß die Vertiefungen größer als 0,1 mm sind. Mit einer derartigen Größe wird ein ausreichender Abstand zwischen dem Boden der Vertiefungen und den verbleibenden Bereichen geschaffen, so daß Muster geprägt werden können.In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the recesses are greater than 0.1 mm. With such a size, a sufficient distance between the bottom of the recesses and the remaining areas is created so that patterns can be embossed.

Vorzugsweise sind die Vertiefungen größer als 1 mm. Damit ist es möglich, die weiche Walze mehrmals abzuschleifen. Erfahrungen haben gezeigt, daß bei einem Nachschleifvorgang etwa 0,25 mm Material entfernt wird. Dies erlaubt es, das Prägen über einen längeren Zeitraum durchzuführen. Wenn hingegen bei jedem Nachschleifvorgang ein neues Muster erzeugt werden soll, wählt man die Vertiefungen mit einer Tiefe von weniger als 0,2 mm.Preferably, the recesses are greater than 1 mm. This makes it possible to grind the soft roller several times. Experience has shown that in a regrinding about 0.25 mm material is removed. This allows embossing for a longer period of time perform. On the other hand, if you want to create a new pattern every time you regrind, you will choose the indentations with a depth of less than 0.2 mm.

Vorzugsweise weisen die Vertiefungen jeweils Bodenflächen auf, deren Rauhigkeit größer als die der Oberfläche ist. Diese Ausgestaltung hat mehrere Vorteile. Zum einen ist es nicht erforderlich, die Bodenflächen zu glätten. Nach dem Einbringen der Vertiefungen können sie vielmehr in der Rauhigkeit belassen werden, die durch den Bearbeitungsvorgang hervorgerufen worden ist. Vor allem kann man aber auch in Kauf nehmen, daß die Tiefe der Vertiefungen nach mehreren Nachschleifvorgängen stark abgenommen hat. Selbst wenn die Papierbahn dann die Bodenfläche der Vertiefungen kontaktiert, ist das Muster noch zu erkennen.Preferably, the recesses each have bottom surfaces whose roughness is greater than that of the surface. This embodiment has several advantages. First, it is not necessary to smooth the bottom surfaces. On the contrary, after the indentations have been introduced, they can be left in the roughness caused by the machining process. Above all, one can also accept that the depth of the recesses has decreased sharply after several regrinding operations. Even if the paper web then contacts the bottom surface of the recesses, the pattern can still be seen.

Vorzugsweise weisen zwischen den Vertiefungen verbleibende Oberflächenbereiche eine Rauhigkeit von ≤ 1 µm auf. Die Oberfläche der weichen Walze ist also relativ glatt, was sich mit modernem Kunststoff erreichen läßt. Vorzugsweise liegt die Rauhigkeit Ra zwischen 0,3 und 1 µm. Die Rauhigkeit sollte auf jeden Fall so klein sein, daß sich in den Oberflächenbereichen zwischen den Vertiefungen keine Mattsatinage ergibt, bei der die Papieroberfläche aufgerauht wird.Preferably, surface areas remaining between the recesses have a roughness of ≦ 1 μm . The surface of the soft roller is so relatively smooth, which can be achieved with modern plastic. Preferably, the roughness Ra is between 0.3 and 1 μm . The roughness should in any case be so small that the surface areas between the recesses result in no matting, in which the paper surface is roughened.

Vorzugsweise entspricht die Glätte der Oberflächenbereiche einer frisch überschliffenen weichen Walze der Glätte der Oberfläche der harten Walze nach einer vorbestimmten Betriebszeit. Auch die Oberfläche der harten Walze ist also glatt, so daß man beim Prägen der einen Seite der Papierbahn eine relativ hohe Glätte vermittelt, während die andere Seite der Papierbahn nur in den Oberflächenbereichen zwischen den Vertiefungen geglättet wird. Eine frisch überschliffene weiche Walze weist vielfach einen Rauhingkeitswert Ra im Bereich von 0,3 bis 0,5 µm auf, der sich im Lauf des Betriebs auf etwa 1 µm verändert. Eine harte Walze, beispielsweise aus Hartguß, hat nach dem Schleifen eine Oberflächenrauhigkeit von etwa 0,08 µm, die sich nach einer gewissen Betriebszeit auf 0,5 µm verschlechtert. Wenn dieser Wert erreicht ist, ist in der Regel wieder eine Überarbeitung erforderlich.Preferably, the smoothness of the surface areas of a freshly ground soft roll corresponds to the smoothness of the hard roll surface after a predetermined operating time. Also, the surface of the hard roll is so smooth, so that gives a relatively high smoothness when embossing the one side of the paper web, while the other side of the paper web is smoothed only in the surface areas between the wells. A freshly smoothed soft roller often has a Rauhingkeitswert Ra in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 μ m, which varies in the course of operation to about 1 μ m. A hard roller, for example from chilled cast iron, has a surface roughness of about 0.08 μ m, the μ after a certain operating time to 0.5 m degrades after grinding. When this value is reached, a revision is usually required again.

Bevorzugterweise sind die Vertiefungen gefräst oder gedreht. Fräsen ist eine relativ einfache Bearbeitungsart, um die Vertiefungen herzustellen. Mit Drehen lassen sich vorzugsweise Muster erzeugen, die später in der Papierbahn in Längsrichtung verlaufen.Preferably, the recesses are milled or rotated. Milling is a relatively easy way to make the wells. With turning, it is preferable to produce patterns which extend laterally in the paper web in the longitudinal direction.

In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung können die Vertiefungen geätzt sein. Damit lassen sich wesentlich komplexere Muster erstellen, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von photolithographischen Verfahren. Allerdings ist die Handhabung der Walze beim Ätzen etwas aufwendiger.In an alternative embodiment, the depressions may be etched. This makes it possible to create much more complex patterns, for example with the aid of photolithographic methods. However, the handling of the roller during etching is somewhat more expensive.

Bevorzugterweise liegt die Streckenlast im Nip im Bereich von 100 bis 400 N/mm, vorzugsweise von 150 bis 250 N/mm. Diese Streckenlast ist geeignet, einen deutlich erkennbaren Unterschied in den Oberflächenbereichen zwischen den Vertiefungen und den Vertiefungen zu erzeugen, so daß das Prägemuster gut erkennbar ist.Preferably, the line load in the nip is in the range of 100 to 400 N / mm, preferably 150 to 250 N / mm. This line load is capable of producing a noticeable difference in the surface areas between the recesses and the recesses, so that the embossing pattern is easily recognizable.

Auch ist bevorzugt, daß die harte Walze auf eine Oberflächentemperatur im Bereich von 50 bis 150°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 130°C, beheizt ist. Im Nip entstehen dann entsprechende Temperaturen, die zu einer entsprechenden Verformung der Papierbahn im Nip nützlich sind.It is also preferable that the hard roll is heated to a surface temperature in the range of 50 to 150 ° C, preferably 100 to 130 ° C. In the nip then arise appropriate temperatures that are useful for a corresponding deformation of the paper web in the nip.

Vorteilhafterweise rotieren die Walzen mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von 600 bis 100 m/min, vorzugsweise von 700 bis 950 m/min. Mit dem Prägekalander ist es also möglich, auch bei einer relativ schnell laufenden Papierbahn die gewünschten Muster einzuprägen, so daß man trotz des Verfahrensschrittes der Musterprägung eine hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit und damit eine hohe Ausbeute erzielen kann.Advantageously, the rollers rotate at a peripheral speed in the range of 600 to 100 m / min, preferably from 700 to 950 m / min. With the embossing calender, it is also possible to impress the desired pattern even with a relatively fast-moving paper web, so that you can achieve a high working speed and thus a high yield despite the process step of the pattern embossing.

Vorzugsweise ist der Kalander als Online-Kalander ausgebildet. Man kann also das Prägen der Papierbahn unmittelbar im Anschluß an eine Papier- oder Streichmaschine bewirken. Damit wird der Aufwand für das Prägen relativ klein gehalten.Preferably, the calender is designed as an on-line calender. So you can effect the embossing of the paper web immediately following a paper or coating machine. Thus, the cost of embossing is kept relatively small.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. Hierin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht eines Papierprägekalanders und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Abwicklung einer Oberfläche der weichen Walze.
The invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the drawings. Herein show:
Fig. 1
a schematic view of a paper embossing calender and
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a settlement of a surface of the soft roll.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen Papierprägekalander 1 mit einer harten Walze 2, die eine glatte Oberfläche aufweist, und einer weichen Walze 3, die einen Kunststoffbelag 4 aufweist, dessen Oberfläche ebenfalls glatt ist. Die Rauhigkeit Ra der Oberfläche der weichen Walze 3 liegt im Bereich von 0,3 bis 1 µm, d.h. die Walze 3 weist nach dem Schleifen eine Rauhigkeit Ra im Bereich von 0,3 bis 0,5 µm auf, die dann im Betrieb auf etwa 1 µm zunimmt. In entsprechender Größenordnung liegt die Rauhigkeit der Oberfläche der harten Walze 2. Hier nimmt die Rauhigkeit im Betrieb von etwa 0,08 µm auf etwa 0,5 µm ab, bevor eine Überarbeitung erforderlich wird. Gegebenenfalls kann die Oberfläche der harten Walze auch noch glatter sein.Fig. 1 shows schematically a paper embossing calender 1 with a hard roll 2, which has a smooth surface, and a soft roll 3, which has a plastic coating 4, whose surface is also smooth. The roughness Ra of the surface of the soft roll 3 is in the range of 0.3 to 1 .mu.m , ie the roll 3 after grinding has a roughness Ra in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 .mu.m , which is then in operation increases to about 1 μ m. The roughness of the surface of the hard roller 2 lies in the same order of magnitude. Here, the roughness decreases during operation from about 0.08 μm to about 0.5 μm , before a revision is required becomes. Optionally, the surface of the hard roller can be even smoother.

Die beiden Walzen 2, 3 bilden zusammen einen Nip 5, durch den eine Papierbahn 6 geführt wird. Der Papierprägekalander 1 ist ausschließlich zum Prägen von Papierbahnen 6 gedacht.The two rollers 2, 3 together form a nip 5, through which a paper web 6 is guided. The paper embossing calender 1 is intended exclusively for embossing paper webs 6.

Beim Prägen soll in die Oberseite der Papierbahn 6 ein Muster eingebracht werden. Die Oberseite ist im vorliegenden Fall die Seite, die an der weichen Walze 3 anliegt. Um dies zu bewirken, weist die Oberfläche der weichen Walze 3 Vertiefungen 7 auf, die in Fig. 2 zu erkennen sind. Fig. 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Abwicklung der Oberfläche der weichen Walze 3, d.h. einen Blick auf die radiale Außenseite des Belages 4.When embossing is to be introduced into the top of the paper web 6 a pattern. The upper side in the present case is the side which bears against the soft roller 3. To effect this, the surface of the soft roll has 3 recesses 7, which can be seen in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a section of a development of the surface of the soft roll 3, i. a view of the radial outside of the lining. 4

Der Belag 4 weist also an seiner Oberfläche Vertiefungen 7 auf, zwischen den Oberflächenbereiche oder Stege 8 verbleiben, deren Rauhigkeit der Rauhigkeit der ursprünglichen Oberfläche des Belages 4 entspricht. Die Rauhigkeit in den Bodenflächen der Vertiefungen 7 kann und sollte größer sein als die Rauhigkeit der verbleibenden Oberflächenbereiche 8.The covering 4 thus has depressions 7 on its surface, remaining between the surface regions or webs 8 whose roughness corresponds to the roughness of the original surface of the lining 4. The roughness in the bottom surfaces of the depressions 7 can and should be greater than the roughness of the remaining surface regions 8.

Die Papierbahn 6 wird im Nip 5 mit Druck beaufschlagt. Hierbei wirken nicht näher dargestellte Anpreßelemente so auf die beiden Walzen 2, 3, daß im Nip 5 eine Strekkenlast von 100 bis 400 N/mm herrscht. Bevorzugterweise liegt die Streckenlast im Bereich von 150 bis 250 N/mm. Dabei werden die Bereiche der Papierbahn 6, die zwischen den verbleibenden Oberflächenbereichen 8 und der harten Walze 2 liegen, stärker verdichtet als die Bereiche der Papierbahn 6, die sich den Vertiefungen 7 gegenüber sehen. Gleichzeitig werden die an den Oberflächenbereichen 8 anliegenden Bereiche der Papierbahn 6 auch stärker geglättet. Dies führt dann dazu, daß auf der Oberfläche der Papierbahn 6 unterschiedliche Bereiche entstehen, die optisch und gegebenenfalls auch durch Fühlen klar voneinander unterschieden werden können. Beispielsweise glänzen die Bereiche der Papierbahn 6, die an den Oberflächenbereichen 8 angelegen haben, stärker als die, die die Vertiefungen 7 abgedeckt haben.The paper web 6 is pressurized in the nip 5. In this case, non-illustrated pressing elements act on the two rollers 2, 3, that in Nip 5 a Strekkenlast of 100 to 400 N / mm prevails. Preferably, the line load is in the range of 150 to 250 N / mm. In this case, the areas of the paper web 6, which lie between the remaining surface areas 8 and the hard roller 2, more compacted than the areas of the paper web 6, which see the recesses 7 opposite. At the same time, the areas adjacent to the surface areas 8 of the paper web 6 also smoother. This then leads to 6 different areas arise on the surface of the paper web, which can be distinguished visually and possibly also by feeling clear from each other. For example, the regions of the paper web 6 which have been applied to the surface regions 8 shine more strongly than those which have covered the depressions 7.

Unterstützt werden kann die Bearbeitung der Papierbahn 6 im Nip 5 noch dadurch, daß die harte Walze 2 beheizt ist. Als geeignet haben sich hier Oberflächentemperaturen im Bereich von 50 bis 150°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 130°C, erwiesen.Can be supported, the processing of the paper web 6 in the nip 5 still in that the hard roller 2 is heated. Surface temperatures in the range from 50 to 150.degree. C., preferably from 100 to 130.degree. C., have proven to be suitable here.

Die Vertiefungen 7 haben eine Tiefe von mehr als 1 mm. Selbst wenn man also die verbleibenden Oberflächenbereiche 8 mehrfach nachschleift und bei jedem Nachschleifvorgang ein Materialabtrag in der Größenordnung von 0,25 mm erfolgt, steht eine genügend große Reserve zur Verfügung, so daß das Papierprägemuster über einen relativ langen Zeitraum erhalten werden kann.The recesses 7 have a depth of more than 1 mm. Even if one grinds the remaining surface areas 8 several times and a material removal of the order of 0.25 mm takes place with each regrinding operation, a sufficiently large reserve is available so that the paper embossing pattern can be obtained over a relatively long period of time.

Wenn man hingegen wünscht, daß nach jeder Überarbeitung der Walze ein neues Prägemuster vorgesehen werden soll, ist es zweckmäßig, die Tiefe der Vertiefungen 7 in einer Größenordnung von etwa 0,2 mm oder darunter vorzusehen. In diesem Fall wird durch das Nachschleifen wieder eine vollkommen glatte Oberfläche der Walze 3 zur Verfügung gestellt, in die ein neues Muster eingearbeitet werden kann.On the other hand, if it is desired to provide a new embossing pattern after each rework of the roll, it is desirable to provide the depth of the recesses 7 on the order of about 0.2 mm or less. In this case, the regrinding again provides a completely smooth surface of the roller 3, in which a new pattern can be incorporated.

Die Vertiefungen 7 können auf mehrere Arten hergestellt werden. Eine besonders einfache Art besteht darin, daß die Vertiefungen 7 gefräst werden. In diesem Fall wird ein Fräswerkzeug 7 in den elastischen Belag 4 der weichen Walze 3 eingesenkt und beaufschlagt die Weiche Walze 3 so, daß lediglich die Stege oder verbleibenden Oberflächenbereiche 8 übrigbleiben.The recesses 7 can be produced in several ways. A particularly simple way is that the recesses 7 are milled. In this case, a milling tool 7 in the elastic pad 4 of the soft Roller 3 is sunk and acts on the soft roller 3 so that only the webs or remaining surface areas 8 remain.

Eine andere, ebenfalls relativ einfache Art, das Prägemuster zu erzeugen, besteht darin, die weiche Walze 3 in bestimmten Bereichen abzudrehen, um die Vertiefungen 7 zu erzeugen. Ein derartiges Bearbeiten ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn sich das Muster linienartig in Längsrichtung der geprägten Papierbahn erstreckt.Another, also relatively simple way to produce the embossing pattern is to turn off the soft roller 3 in certain areas to produce the recesses 7. Such processing is particularly advantageous when the pattern extends linearly in the longitudinal direction of the embossed paper web.

In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung kann man die Vertiefungen 7 auch herausätzen. In diesem Fall werden die verbleibenden Oberflächenbereiche 8 mit einer säurefesten Schicht abgedeckt und die Vertiefungen 7 dann durch das Aufbringen von Säure hergestellt. Hierbei lassen sich wesentlich feinere Strukturen erzeugen als beim Fräsen.In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to etch out the depressions 7. In this case, the remaining surface areas 8 are covered with an acid-proof layer, and the recesses 7 are then produced by the application of acid. This can be much finer structures than when milling.

Dargestellt ist ein Prägemuster, bei dem die verbleibenden Oberflächenbereiche ein diagonales Netz bilden. Natürlich sind auch andere Muster denkbar, bis hin zu "Wasserzeichen"-Strukturen, d.h. bildlichen Darstellungen von ausgewählten Objekten.Shown is an embossing pattern in which the remaining surface areas form a diagonal network. Of course, other patterns are conceivable as far as "watermark" structures, i. pictorial representations of selected objects.

Der Prägekalander 1 kann als Online-Kalander eingesetzt werden, d.h. die Papierbahn kann unmittelbar im Anschluß an eine Papier- oder Streichmaschine geprägt werden. Hierzu rotieren die Walzen 2, 3 mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit in der Größenordnung von 600 bis 1000 m/min. Trotz dieser relativ hohen Geschwindigkeit ist ein Prägen der Muster mit der gewünschten Qualität möglich.The embossing calender 1 can be used as an on-line calender, i. the paper web can be embossed immediately following a paper or coater. For this purpose, the rollers 2, 3 rotate at a peripheral speed of the order of 600 to 1000 m / min. Despite this relatively high speed, it is possible to emboss the patterns with the desired quality.

Claims (12)

  1. Paper embossing calender comprising a hard roll which has an unyielding surface, and a soft roll having a yielding surface layer, which together form a nip, the soft roll having depressions in the surface which correspond to an embossing pattern, characterized in that the soft roll (3) has a smooth surface with a roughness Ra ≤ 1 µm, and the hard roll (2) has a smooth surface whose roughness is of a corresponding order of magnitude.
  2. Calender according to Claim 1, the depressions being larger than 0.1 mm.
  3. Calender according to Claim 1 or 2, the depressions being larger than 1 mm.
  4. Calender according to Claims 1 to 3, the depressions in each case having bottom areas whose roughness is greater than that of the surface.
  5. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 4, surface regions (8) remaining between the depressions (7) having a roughness of < 1 µm.
  6. Calender according to Claim 5, the smoothness of the surface regions (8) of a freshly ground soft roll corresponding to the smoothness of the surface of the hard roll (2).
  7. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 6, the depressions (7) being milled or turned.
  8. Calender according to one of Claims 1 to 6, the depressions (7) being etched.
  9. Use of a calender according to one of Claims 1 to 8, the line load in the nip (5) lying in the range from 100 to 400 N/mm, preferably from 150 to 250 N/mm.
  10. Use of a calender according to one of Claims 1 to 8, the hard roll (2) being heated to a surface temperature in the range from 50 to 150°C, preferably from 100 to 130°C.
  11. Use of a calender according to one of Claims 1 to 8, the rolls (2, 3) rotating with a circumferential speed in the range from 600 to 1000 m/min, preferably from 700 to 950 m/min.
  12. Use of a calender according to one of Claims 1 to 8, the calender (1) being erected online.
EP20010127608 2000-11-28 2001-11-20 Embossing rollers for paper Expired - Lifetime EP1208965B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2000158993 DE10058993B4 (en) 2000-11-28 2000-11-28 Papierprägekalander
DE10058993 2000-11-28

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EP1208965A2 EP1208965A2 (en) 2002-05-29
EP1208965A3 EP1208965A3 (en) 2004-03-17
EP1208965B1 true EP1208965B1 (en) 2006-01-18

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WO2012105891A1 (en) * 2011-01-25 2012-08-09 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A package for storing liquid food, a blank forming a part of said package, a reel of blanks, and a method for generating a tactile pattern on a fibre-based packaging material

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US4610743A (en) * 1980-08-29 1986-09-09 James River-Norwalk, Inc. Pattern bonding and creping of fibrous substrates to form laminated products
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DE3705100A1 (en) * 1987-02-18 1988-09-01 Benecke Gmbh J METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SURFACE STRUCTURE OF IMPELLING ROLLERS, AND PRINCING ROLLER PRODUCED BY THE METHOD
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CA2060567C (en) * 1991-02-04 1997-06-10 Galyn Arlyn Schulz Apparatus for embossing a fibrous web
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WO2016159966A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth and bulky rolled tissue products
US10040265B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2018-08-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth and bulky rolled tissue products
US10814579B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2020-10-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth and bulky rolled tissue products
US11548258B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2023-01-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth and bulky rolled tissue products

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DE10058993B4 (en) 2004-07-29
DE10058993A1 (en) 2002-06-06
EP1208965A3 (en) 2004-03-17
DE50108741D1 (en) 2006-04-06
EP1208965A2 (en) 2002-05-29

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