EP1206948B1 - Apparatus for withdrawal of gas from the breathing air and supply of gas to the breathing air respectively - Google Patents

Apparatus for withdrawal of gas from the breathing air and supply of gas to the breathing air respectively Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1206948B1
EP1206948B1 EP01126358A EP01126358A EP1206948B1 EP 1206948 B1 EP1206948 B1 EP 1206948B1 EP 01126358 A EP01126358 A EP 01126358A EP 01126358 A EP01126358 A EP 01126358A EP 1206948 B1 EP1206948 B1 EP 1206948B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
gas
cylinder
breathing tube
feeding
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EP01126358A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1206948A1 (en
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Peter Dipl.-Ing. Ganshorn
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/097—Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A61M16/022—Control means therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
    • A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
    • A61M16/085—Gas sampling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
    • A61B5/09—Measuring breath flow using an element rotated by the flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
    • A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
    • A61M2016/0021—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0036—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/10—General characteristics of the apparatus with powered movement mechanisms
    • A61M2205/106—General characteristics of the apparatus with powered movement mechanisms reciprocating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N2001/222—Other features
    • G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for removing gas from the Breathing air or for supplying gas to the breathing air with a breathing tube, a therein integrated flow meter and one connected to the breathing tube Tank for gases with a control unit.
  • the efficiency of a lung is determined by the effectiveness of the Gas exchange, i. in the delivery of oxygen to the blood or the intake of carbon dioxide from the blood. Both processes are of a variety depends on parameters, e.g. the lung volume, the distribution of the Respiratory air within the lungs, the surface area of the alveolokapillaren Membrane, its strength and diffusion properties, or ventilation. In all these parameters, if the parameters deviate from the norm, also causes for disturbances of the lung activity to be justified.
  • the devices used for this application are usually based on Application of mass spectrometry and require a very high apparatus Effort. Devices of this kind are therefore only available at large research institutes available for routine or medical use leaves for cost reasons.
  • the invention has the task of a device for removing gas from the breathing air and for supplying gas to the To create breathing air, an analysis of the processes between the beginning and End of a breathing cycle allowed by simple means and therefore for a broad Application is suitable.
  • the proposed device has a breathing tube, by one of which End of the patient inhales and exhales and the other end in the Room air ends.
  • the inhalation and inhalation is therefore in deviation to
  • the prior art is not in a closed container into or out of a out closed container, but always in a connection to the room air.
  • On the breathing tube are essential elements of the device, a flow meter and a container designed as a cylinder-piston arrangement, connected.
  • the connection of the cylinder is designed so that gas out the breathing tube into the cylinder and vice versa from the cylinder into the breathing tube can flow.
  • the piston of the assembly is driven by a servomotor.
  • a control unit is provided which the receives values determined by the flow meter and during generation converts the signals for the servomotor.
  • the servo motor is driven so that the speed of Piston is proportional to the measured throughput in the breathing tube.
  • the servomotor When applied to the exhalation process, the servomotor is driven so that the piston performs an intake stroke. It is about the connection the cylinder with the breathing tube part of the exhaled air flowing into the free air taken.
  • the amount taken per time unit is in each case Time proportional to the amount exhaled per unit time, i. the throughput in the breathing tube. But that means that the piston in each Time during gas extraction exhaled per unit time Quantity takes the same fraction. This corresponds to the total taken amount the same fraction of the total during the period the gas extraction expired amount.
  • the proposed device thus also allows access to priority medically questions that focus on the processes at Einund Exhale in a small period of time between the beginning and the end expire at the end of an inhalation or expiration cycle.
  • the removal over several breathing cycles away can be carried out in this way be that each taken amount is analyzed individually or in each case same time interval taken cumulatively over the breathing cycles is added to a resulting gas volume and then analyzed be supplied.
  • the device of the invention thus opens a path for medical Research in a previously closed area, as well as one Way for routine checks in the medical practice, not previously possible were. Of particular interest are investigations of defined Time periods within an inhalation or exhalation cycle and averages, extending over one or more cycles.
  • the Device according to the present invention allows for both directions very precise measurements.
  • the device according to the invention be instead of the start and end time of the piston stroke whose start time with respect to the onset or expiration start and the volume delivered by the piston specify by the control unit.
  • the first two settings are important, if with present device measurements over several breathing cycles to be performed and thereby either only the exhalation or only inhalations should be included.
  • the latter attitude is needed if the inhaled with the piston exhaled air a to be supplied to the cylinder connected to the analyzer.
  • the same adjustment is also necessary when in the cylinder from the outside A gas is taken up in a subsequent inhalation cycle the inhalation air is to be added.
  • the control of the valves will performed by the control unit and takes place in dependence on the direction of movement of the piston.
  • Said valve control has the advantage that one and the same Device according to the present invention both for removal and subsequent Analysis of gas from the exhaled air as well as for the supply from gas to inhaled air. Furthermore, results from the valve control provides increased flexibility and increased safety carrying out the investigations. For example, measurements can be taken over several exhalation cycles in such a way that the piston simply stopped during the intervening inhalation phases becomes. To increase safety against uncontrolled gas exchange However, it is useful if at the same time during this time the valve between exhalation tube and cylinder is closed.
  • a device for determining the gas composition is connected to the cylinder of the device in a development of the invention.
  • These analyzes can provide information about disorders of the lung activity.
  • Two categories of investigations are common. In the first case, the exhaled air itself is analyzed for its composition and in the second case an additional gas is added to the inhaled air and then its concentration in the exhaled air is determined.
  • a pipe connected to the breathing tube and / or the cylinder is and has a valve through which the flow can be released or is lockable.
  • a medical question of particular interest concerns the investigation of gas withdrawals at short intervals and within and the same breathing cycle.
  • Investigations of this kind are with a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention possible. It is characterized by two or more cylinder-piston arrangements, which are connected to the breathing tube and one servomotor each for movement of the piston.
  • the control unit are in examinations of the type mentioned the individual pistons driven one after the other and given start and end times for the different pistons, so that they are within one breath cycle. Through each cylinder-piston arrangement Then a sample of the exhaled air from one and the same Breathing cycle taken.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a simplified representation, a section through the proposed one Contraption.
  • the piston of the device with the reference numeral 1 the Cylinder represented by the character 2.
  • the piston is above the piston rod 3 connected to a servomotor, not shown, during the Cylinder via two connecting pipes with the breathing tube 4 is in communication.
  • the connecting tube 5 is inhaled, the connecting pipe. 6 used during exhalation.
  • the connection through both pipes can each with one Valve 7 or 8 are enabled or disabled.
  • the breathing tube leads from its one end 9 out to the patient's mouth while the other end 10 is in communication with the room air.
  • the breathing tube has a flow meter on, which is identified by the reference numeral 11. Furthermore is connected to the breathing tube, a line 12, via the additional gases the inhalation air can be added.
  • this line can by means of a valve 13 are shut off.
  • On the cylinder are also more Lines for the supply and removal of gases provided.
  • the line 14 serves to forward the extracted air to an unillustrated Analyzer, the line 15 of the admixture of additional gases to the inhaled air. Both lines can be shut off by means of a respective valve 16 and 17 respectively.
  • the reference numeral 18 is the flow velocity in the breathing tube on exhalation and at 19 on inhalation. Proportional to these Speeds the speed of the piston movement is specified. This dependence of the piston speed on the flow velocity causes the fast reaction of the piston per second funded volume is large, at respite equal to zero and at the transition from the inhalation of the piston its direction of movement changes.
  • the piston When exhaling the patient, the piston performs an intake stroke by, the speed of the piston 18 'has accordingly from the cylinder bottom path. Conversely, when inhaling the patient, the piston leads an exhaust stroke, the speed of the piston 19 'therefore points towards the cylinder bottom.

Abstract

Device for removal of gas from a patient's breath or delivery of gas to the breath has a breathing tube (4) with a mass- flowmeter (11). In addition, connections (5, 6) can be made to gas container (2). The latter has a piston (1) that is moved by a servomotor operated by a control unit. Control of piston movement is such that piston velocity is proportional to the airflow in the breathing tube.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Entnahme von Gas aus der Atemluft bzw. zur Zufuhr von Gas zur Atemluft mit einem Atemrohr, einem darin integrierten Durchflussmesser und einem an das Atemrohr angeschlossenen Behälter für Gase mit einer Steuereinheit.The invention relates to a device for removing gas from the Breathing air or for supplying gas to the breathing air with a breathing tube, a therein integrated flow meter and one connected to the breathing tube Tank for gases with a control unit.

Die Leistungsfähigkeit einer Lunge wird bestimmt durch die Effektivität beim Gasaustausch, d.h. bei der Abgabe von Sauerstoff an das Blut bzw. der Aufnahme von Kohlendioxid aus dem Blut. Beide Vorgänge sind von einer Vielzahl von Parametern abhängig, wie z.B. dem Lungenvolumen, der Verteilung der Atemluft innerhalb der Lunge, der Oberflächengröße der alveolokapillaren Membran, deren Stärke und Diffusionseigenschaften, oder der Ventilation. In all diesen Parametern können, bei einer Abweichung der Parameter von der Norm, auch Ursachen für Störungen der Lungentätigkeit begründet sein.The efficiency of a lung is determined by the effectiveness of the Gas exchange, i. in the delivery of oxygen to the blood or the intake of carbon dioxide from the blood. Both processes are of a variety depends on parameters, e.g. the lung volume, the distribution of the Respiratory air within the lungs, the surface area of the alveolokapillaren Membrane, its strength and diffusion properties, or ventilation. In all these parameters, if the parameters deviate from the norm, also causes for disturbances of the lung activity to be justified.

Zur Untersuchung dieser Störungen ist es üblich, die Ausatemluft auf deren Zusammensetzung hin zu analysieren, oder der Einatemluft bestimmte Zusatzgase zuzusetzen und dann deren Konzentration in der Ausatemluft zu überprüfen. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden hierfür Geräte eingesetzt, bei denen der Patient die Ausatemluft durch ein Atemrohr, meist mit eingebautem Durchflussmesser, an einen angeschlossenen Behälter abgibt. Die hierin aufgefangene Atemluft entstammt einem oder mehreren Ausatemzyklen. Die Analyse der Atemluft gibt daher auch nur über einen oder mehrere Zyklen gemittelte Meßwerte wieder.To investigate these disorders, it is common to exhale the air on their composition to analyze, or the inhaled air certain additional gases then check their concentration in the exhaled air. According to the prior art devices are used for this, in which the Patient expiratory air through a breathing tube, usually with built-in flowmeter, to a connected container. The trapped herein Breathing air comes from one or more exhalation cycles. The analysis of Breathing air therefore only gives averaged readings over one or more cycles again.

Von besonderem medizinischen Interesse sind jedoch auch die Vorgänge beim Ein- und Ausatmen, die in einem kleinen Zeitabschnitt zwischen dem Beginn und dem Ende eines Ein- oder Ausatemzyklus ablaufen. Eine Analyse dieser Vorgänge ermöglicht eine sehr differenzierte Ursachenerforschung bei Lungenkrankheiten und sehr genaue Therapie bei Lungenfunktionsstörungen.Die o.g. Geräte sind hierfür jedoch ungeeignet, da sie keine auf kleine Zeitintervalle beschränkte Entnahmen von Gas aus der Ausatemluft zulassen.Of special medical interest, however, are the events in the Inhale and exhale in a small period of time between the beginning and the end of an inspiration or expiration cycle. An analysis of this Processes enable a very differentiated cause research in lung diseases and very precise therapy for pulmonary disorders. The o.g. However, devices are unsuitable for this because they are not limited to small time intervals Allow withdrawals of gas from the exhaled air.

Die für diesen Anwendungsfall eingesetzten Geräte beruhen in der Regel auf Anwendung der Massenspektrometrie und erfordern einen sehr hohen apparativen Aufwand. Geräte dieser Art stehen daher nur an großen Forschungsinstituten zur Verfügung, ein Einsatz bei Routineuntersuchungen oder in Arztpraxen scheidet aus Kostengründen aus.The devices used for this application are usually based on Application of mass spectrometry and require a very high apparatus Effort. Devices of this kind are therefore only available at large research institutes available for routine or medical use leaves for cost reasons.

Aus der gattungsbildenden US 6,029,660 ist ein Beatmungsgerät bekannt, bei dem die Atemluft dem Probanden unter Druck zugeführt wird und eine zusätzlichen Gaskomponenten beim Einatmen additiv überlagert wird. Diagnostische Untersuchungen sind nicht vorgesehen.From the generic US 6,029,660 a ventilator is known, in the breath is supplied to the subject under pressure and an additional Gas components is superimposed additively when inhaled. diagnostic Investigations are not planned.

Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zur Entnahme von Gas aus der Atemluft und zur Zufuhr von Gas zur Atemluft zu schaffen, die eine Analyse der Vorgänge zwischen dem Beginn und Ende eines Atemzyklus mit einfachen Mitteln erlaubt und daher für eine breite Anwendung geeignet ist.Against this background, the invention has the task of a device for removing gas from the breathing air and for supplying gas to the To create breathing air, an analysis of the processes between the beginning and End of a breathing cycle allowed by simple means and therefore for a broad Application is suitable.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die Vorrichtung wie sie in Anspruch 1 definiert ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by the device as defined in claim 1.

Die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung weist ein Atemrohr auf, durch dessen eines Ende hindurch der Patient ein- und ausatmet und dessen anderes Ende in der Raumluft endet. Das Aus- und Einatmen erfolgt daher in Abweichung zum Stand der Technik nicht in einen geschlossenen Behälter hinein oder aus einem geschlossenen Behälter heraus, sondern stets in einer Verbindung zur Raumluft. An dem Atemrohr sind wesentliche Elemente der Vorrichtung, ein Durchflussmesser und ein als Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnung ausgebildeter Behälter, angeschlossen. Der Anschluss des Zylinders ist so ausgeführt, dass Gas aus dem Atemrohr in den Zylinder und umgekehrt aus dem Zylinder in das Atemrohr fließen kann. The proposed device has a breathing tube, by one of which End of the patient inhales and exhales and the other end in the Room air ends. The inhalation and inhalation is therefore in deviation to The prior art is not in a closed container into or out of a out closed container, but always in a connection to the room air. On the breathing tube are essential elements of the device, a flow meter and a container designed as a cylinder-piston arrangement, connected. The connection of the cylinder is designed so that gas out the breathing tube into the cylinder and vice versa from the cylinder into the breathing tube can flow.

Der Kolben der Anordnung wird durch einen Servomotor angetrieben. Zur Ansteuerung des Servomotors ist eine Steuereinheit vorgesehen, welche die vom Durchflussmesser ermittelten Werte entgegennimmt und bei der Erzeugung der Signale für den Servomotor umsetzt. Nach einem Kerngedanken der Erfindung wird der Servomotor so angesteuert, dass die Geschwindigkeit des Kolbens proportional zum gemessenen Durchsatz im Atemrohr ist. Diese Ausgestaltung eröffnet, zusammen mit zusätzlichen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung, zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zu einer differenzierten Untersuchung der Lungentätigkeit.The piston of the assembly is driven by a servomotor. For control the servo motor, a control unit is provided which the receives values determined by the flow meter and during generation converts the signals for the servomotor. After a central thought of the Invention, the servo motor is driven so that the speed of Piston is proportional to the measured throughput in the breathing tube. These Embodiment opens, together with additional developments of the invention, numerous applications of the device according to the invention to a differentiated study of lung activity.

Aus der Proportionalität der Kolbengeschwindigkeit zum Durchsatz im Atemrohr folgt, dass das vom Kolben pro Zeiteinheit geförderte Volumen zu jedem Zeitpunkt proportional zur Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Atemrohr ist. Da die Geschwindigkeit der Luft im Atemrohr beim Ein- und Ausatmen zwischen Null und einem Maximalwert schwankt, unterliegt auch die Geschwindigkeit des Kolbens und damit das pro Zeiteinheit geförderte Volumen den gleichen Schwankungen. Dies bedeutet, dass bei schnellem Atemvorgang das vom Kolben pro Sekunde geförderte Volumen groß ist, bei Atempause gleich Null ist und beim Übergang vom Aus- zum Einatmen der Kolben seine Bewegungsrichtung ändert.From the proportionality of the piston speed to the throughput in the breathing tube It follows that the volume delivered by the piston per unit time to each Time is proportional to the flow velocity in the breathing tube. Because the Speed of the air in the breathing tube when inhaling and exhaling between zero and a maximum value fluctuates, is also subject to the speed of Piston and thus the volume delivered per unit time the same Fluctuations. This means that with fast breathing the vom Piston per second of delivered volume is large, at respite equal to zero is and at the transition from exhalation to inhale the piston its direction of movement changes.

Bei Anwendung auf den Ausatemvorgang wird der Servomotor so angesteuert, dass der Kolben einen Ansaugtakt durchführt. Dabei wird über die Verbindung des Zylinders mit dem Atemrohr ein Teil der ins Freie strömenden Ausatemluft entnommen. Die pro Zeiteinheit entnommenen Menge ist dabei in jedem Zeitpunkt proportional zu der pro Zeiteinheit ausgeatmeten Menge, d.h. dem Durchsatz im Atemrohr. Das bedeutet aber, dass der Kolben in jedem Zeitpunkt während der Gasentnahme von der pro Zeiteinheit ausgeatmeten Menge den gleichen Bruchteil entnimmt. Damit entspricht auch die insgesamt entnommene Menge dem gleichen Bruchteil der insgesamt während der Dauer der Gasentnahme ausgeatmeten Menge.When applied to the exhalation process, the servomotor is driven so that the piston performs an intake stroke. It is about the connection the cylinder with the breathing tube part of the exhaled air flowing into the free air taken. The amount taken per time unit is in each case Time proportional to the amount exhaled per unit time, i. the throughput in the breathing tube. But that means that the piston in each Time during gas extraction exhaled per unit time Quantity takes the same fraction. This corresponds to the total taken amount the same fraction of the total during the period the gas extraction expired amount.

Für einen Einatemvorgang gelten analoge Aussagen. Während des Einatmens führt der Kolben einen Ausstoßtakt durch, der dazu genutzt werden kann über die Verbindung des Zylinders mit dem Atemrohr der Einatemluft für Analysezwecke ein Zusatzgas zuzuführen. Dabei ist die pro Zeiteinheit zugeführte Menge in jedem Zeitpunkt proportional der in das Atemrohr pro Zeiteinheit einströmenden Menge der Einatemluft. Das bedeutet aber, dass in jedem Zeitpunkt während der Gaszuführung das zugeführte Gas in gleichbleibender Konzentration der Atemluft beigemengt wird. Die Atemluft muss dabei nicht, wie beim Stand der Technik, aus einem abgeschlossenen Gefäß entnommen werden, in dem vorab die Gasmischung hergestellt wurde, sondern kann kontinuierlich aus der Rumluft aufgenommen werden.For an inhalation process analogous statements apply. During inhalation the piston performs an exhaust stroke, which are used for this purpose can via the connection of the cylinder with the breathing tube of the inhaled air for Analytical purposes to supply an additional gas. Here is the per unit of time supplied Amount in each time proportional to the in the breathing tube per unit time inflowing amount of inhaled air. But that means in everyone Time during the gas supply, the gas supplied in constant Concentration of the breath is added. The breathing air does not have to as in the prior art, taken from a closed vessel in which the gas mixture was prepared in advance, but can continuously be taken from the rum air.

Ein ganz wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kommt bei einer Weiterbildung zum Tragen. Diese Ausbildung der Vorrichtung weist eine Steuereinheit auf, durch welche Start- und Endzeitpunkt des Kolbenhubs bezüglich des Ein- oder Ausatembeginns vorgebbar sind. Die Vorgabe kann dabei beliebige Werte umfassen. Von besonderem Interesse sind gemäß einem Merkmal der Erfindung Start- und Endzeiten der Kolbenbewegung, welche

  • einen Ausschnitt des Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklus
  • oder genau einen Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklus
  • oder mehrere Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklen erfassen.
A very significant advantage of the device according to the invention comes in a development for carrying. This design of the device has a control unit, by which start and end time of the piston stroke with respect to the on or Ausatembeginns are predetermined. The default can include any values. Of particular interest are according to a feature of the invention start and end times of the piston movement, which
  • a section of the inhalation or exhalation cycle
  • or just one inhalation or exhalation cycle
  • or multiple inhalation or exhalation cycles.

Die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung ermöglicht damit auch den Zugang zu vorrangigen medizinisch Fragenstellungen, die sich auf die Vorgänge beim Einund Ausatmen, die in einem kleinen Zeitabschnitt zwischen dem Beginn und dem Ende eines Ein- oder Ausatemzyklus ablaufen, beziehen.The proposed device thus also allows access to priority medically questions that focus on the processes at Einund Exhale in a small period of time between the beginning and the end expire at the end of an inhalation or expiration cycle.

Betrachtet man beispielsweise einen Ausatemvorgang, lassen sich, durch Vorgabe der entsprechender Start- und Endzeiten, auf einfache Weise Gasentnahmen aus der Ausatemluft vornehmen, die beispielsweise kurz nach Beginn, im Maximum, oder vor Ende des Ausatemvorgangs liegen. Diese Gasentnahmen können ebenso genau einen Ein- oder Ausatemzyklus umfassen oder bei Bedarf auch die nachfolgenden Zyklen mit einschließen. Durch Analyse der entnommenen Gasvolumina ist es daher möglich, sowohl die Änderung in der Zusammensetzung der Atemluft über ein Atemintervall hinweg zu untersuchen, als auch die Entwicklung der Zusammensetzung von einem zum nächsten Atemintervall hin zu verfolgen.Consider, for example, an exhalation, can, through Specification of the appropriate start and end times, in a simple way gas withdrawals from the exhaled air, for example, shortly after Beginning, in the maximum, or before the end of the exhalation process lie. These Gas withdrawals may as well include one inhalation or exhalation cycle or if necessary also include the subsequent cycles. By Analysis of the extracted gas volumes therefore makes it possible to change both in the composition of the breathing air over a breathing interval to investigate, as well as the evolution of the composition of one to track to the next respiratory interval.

Die Entnahme über mehrere Atemzyklen hinweg kann dabei so durchgeführt werden, dass jede entnommene Menge für sich analysiert wird oder jeweils im gleichen Zeitintervall entnommene Proben kumulativ über die Atemzyklen hinweg zu einem resultierenden Gasvolumen addiert und dann einer Analyse zugeführt werden.The removal over several breathing cycles away can be carried out in this way be that each taken amount is analyzed individually or in each case same time interval taken cumulatively over the breathing cycles is added to a resulting gas volume and then analyzed be supplied.

In analoger Weise lassen sich beim Einatemvorgang in einem definierten Intervall, das vorzugsweise kleiner als die Einatemdauer gewählt wird, Zusatzgase der Einatemluft beimischen. Dabei sind die Intervalle sowohl innerhalb des Einatemzyklus beliebig vorgebbar, als auch zu beliebigen Zeiten bei nachfolgenden Einatemzyklen wiederholbar. Die auf diese Weise eingeatmeten Gase können mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einem der nachfolgenden Ausatemzyklen wieder nachgewiesen werden und aus der Nachweiszeit und der Nachweismenge Rückschlüsse auf die Lungentätigkeit gezogen werden.In an analogous manner, during the inhalation process at a defined interval, which is preferably chosen smaller than the inhalation period, additional gases Add inhalation air. The intervals are both within of the inhalation cycle arbitrarily predetermined, as well as at any times in subsequent Inhalation cycles repeatable. The inhaled in this way Gases can with the device according to the invention in one of the following Exhalation cycles are detected again and from the detection time and the amount of evidence draws conclusions about the lung activity become.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eröffnet damit einen Weg für medizinische Forschungen in einem bisher verschlossenen Bereich, ebenso auch einen Weg für Routineüberprüfungen in der ärztlichen Praxis, die bisher nicht möglich waren. Von besonderem Interesse sind dabei Untersuchungen von definierten Zeitabschnitten innerhalb eines Ein- oder Ausatemzyklus und von Mittelwerten, die sich über einen oder mehrere Zyklen hinweg erstrecken. Die Vorrichtung gemäß vorliegender Erfindung ermöglicht für beide Zielrichtungen sehr präzise Messungen.The device of the invention thus opens a path for medical Research in a previously closed area, as well as one Way for routine checks in the medical practice, not previously possible were. Of particular interest are investigations of defined Time periods within an inhalation or exhalation cycle and averages, extending over one or more cycles. The Device according to the present invention allows for both directions very precise measurements.

Bei einer Variante dieser Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung werden statt des Start- und Endzeitpunkt des Kolbenhubs dessen Startzeit bezüglich des Ein- oder Ausatembeginns und das vom Kolben geförderte Volumen durch die Steuereinheit vorgeben. Bei dieser Ausführungsform führt der Kolben über ein oder mehrere Ein- oder Ausatemzyklen hinweg jeweils nur einen Aus- oder Einlasstakt aus, so lange bis das geförderte Volumen der Vorgabe entspricht. Fragestellungen dieser Art sind u.a. interessant bei Diffusionskapazitätsmessungen der Lunge.In a variant of this development of the device according to the invention be instead of the start and end time of the piston stroke whose start time with respect to the onset or expiration start and the volume delivered by the piston specify by the control unit. In this embodiment, the leads Pistons over one or more inhalation or expiratory cycles, each only a discharge or intake stroke, as long as the funded volume of Specification corresponds. Questions of this kind are u.a. interesting for diffusion capacity measurements the lung.

Die Entnahme von Gas aus dem Atemrohr wird durch einen Ansaugtakt des Kolbens und die Zufuhr von Gas durch einen Ausstoßtakt des Kolbens durchgeführt. Die Kolbenbewegung ist dabei jeweils nur während der Gasentnahme oder Zufuhr aktiviert. In den Zwischenzeiten steht der Kolben still, daher findet auch bei offener Verbindung zwischen Atemrohr und Zylinder in diesen Zeiten kein Gasaustausch statt.The removal of gas from the breathing tube is by an intake stroke of the Piston and the supply of gas performed by a discharge stroke of the piston. The piston movement is only during the removal of gas or feed activated. In the meantime, the piston is still, so finds even with open connection between breathing tube and cylinder in these times no gas exchange taking place.

Für weitergehende Untersuchungen ist es jedoch notwendig, dass der Kolben auch von der Atemtätigkeit unabhängige Bewegungen durchführen kann. Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist daher zwischen Zylinder und Atemrohr wenigsten ein Ventil vorgesehen ist, welches den Durchfluss zwischen beiden Elementen freigibt oder sperrt. Dabei sind folgende Ventilstellungen möglich:

  • offen beim Ausatmen und geschlossen beim Einatmen
  • offen beim Einatmen und geschlossen beim Ausatmen
  • offen beim Einatmen und offen beim Ausatmen
  • geschlossen beim Einatmen und geschlossen beim Ausatmen.
    • For further investigations, however, it is necessary that the piston can also perform movements independent of the respiratory effort. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention therefore at least one valve is provided between the cylinder and breathing tube, which releases or blocks the flow between the two elements. The following valve positions are possible:
  • open while exhaling and closed by inhalation
  • open when inhaled and closed when exhaling
  • open when inhaled and open when exhaling
  • closed on inhalation and closed on exhalation.

    • Dabei sind die beiden erstgenannten Einstellungen von Bedeutung, wenn mit vorliegender Vorrichtung Messungen über mehrere Atemzyklen hinweg durchgeführt werden sollen und dabei entweder nur die Ausatemvorgänge oder nur die Einatemvorgänge einbezogen sein sollen. Die letztgenannte Einstellung wird benötigt, wenn die mit dem Kolben angesaugte Ausatemluft einem an den Zylinder angeschlossenen Analysegerät zugeführt werden soll. Die gleiche Einstellung ist auch notwendig, wenn in den Zylinder von außen her ein Gas aufgenommen wird, das bei einem nachfolgenden Einatemzyklus der Einatemluft beigemengt werden soll. Die Ansteuerung des Ventile wird von der Steuereinheit durchgeführt und erfolgt in Abhängigkeit von der Bewegungsrichtung des Kolbens. The first two settings are important, if with present device measurements over several breathing cycles to be performed and thereby either only the exhalation or only inhalations should be included. The latter attitude is needed if the inhaled with the piston exhaled air a to be supplied to the cylinder connected to the analyzer. The same adjustment is also necessary when in the cylinder from the outside A gas is taken up in a subsequent inhalation cycle the inhalation air is to be added. The control of the valves will performed by the control unit and takes place in dependence on the direction of movement of the piston.

    Die genannte Ventilsteuerung bringt den Vorteil mit sich, dass ein und dieselbe Vorrichtung gemäß vorliegender Erfindung sowohl zur Entnahme und anschließenden Analyse von Gas aus der Ausatemluft als auch für die Zufuhr von Gas zur Einatemluft genutzt werden kann. Des weiteren ergibt sich durch die Ventilsteuerung eine erhöhte Flexibilität und eine erhöhte Sicherheit bei der Durchführung der Untersuchungen. So lassen sich beispielsweise Messungen über mehrere Ausatemzyklen hinweg in der Weise durchführen, dass der Kolben während der dazwischen liegenden Einatmemphasen einfach stillgesetzt wird. Zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit gegen unkontrollierten Gasaustausch ist es jedoch zweckmäßig, wenn während dieser Zeit gleichzeitig auch das Ventil zwischen Ausatemrohr und Zylinder geschlossen wird.Said valve control has the advantage that one and the same Device according to the present invention both for removal and subsequent Analysis of gas from the exhaled air as well as for the supply from gas to inhaled air. Furthermore, results from the valve control provides increased flexibility and increased safety carrying out the investigations. For example, measurements can be taken over several exhalation cycles in such a way that the piston simply stopped during the intervening inhalation phases becomes. To increase safety against uncontrolled gas exchange However, it is useful if at the same time during this time the valve between exhalation tube and cylinder is closed.

    Zur Analyse der vom Kolben geförderten Ausatemluft ist bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung an den Zylinder der Vorrichtung ein Gerät zur Bestimmung der Gaszusammensetzung angeschlossen. Diese Analysen können Auskunft geben über Störungen der Lungentätigkeit.
    Dabei sind zwei Kategorien von Untersuchungen üblich. Im ersten Fall wird die Ausatemluft selbst auf deren Zusammensetzung hin analysiert und im zweiten Fall der Einatemluft ein Zusatzgas zugesetzt und dann dessen Konzentration in der Ausatemluft ermittelt.    In order to analyze the exhaled air conveyed by the piston, a device for determining the gas composition is connected to the cylinder of the device in a development of the invention. These analyzes can provide information about disorders of the lung activity.
    Two categories of investigations are common. In the first case, the exhaled air itself is analyzed for its composition and in the second case an additional gas is added to the inhaled air and then its concentration in the exhaled air is determined.

    Der Zusatz von Gasen erfolgt dabei gemäß einem Merkmal der Erfindung über eine Leitung, die an das Atemrohr und / oder den Zylinder angeschlossen ist und ein Ventil aufweist, durch welches der Durchfluss freigebbar oder sperrbar ist.The addition of gases takes place according to a feature of the invention a pipe connected to the breathing tube and / or the cylinder is and has a valve through which the flow can be released or is lockable.

    Eine medizinische Fragestellung von besonderem Interesse betrifft die Untersuchung von Gasentnahmen, die in kurzen Zeitabständen und innerhalb einund desselben Atemzyklus durchgeführt werden. Durch Analyse dieser Gasproben erhält man Aussagen über die Veränderung der Gaszusammensetzung während eines Atemzyklus. Untersuchungen dieser Art sind bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung möglich. Sie zeichnet sich aus durch zwei oder mehrere Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnungen, die an das Atemrohr angeschlossen sind und je einen Servomotor zur Bewegung des Kolbens aufweisen. Durch die Steuereinheit werden bei Untersuchungen der genannten Art die einzelnen Kolben nach einander angesteuert und jeweils Start- und Endzeiten für die verschiedenen Kolben vorgegeben, so dass sie innerhalb eines Atemzyklus liegen. Durch jede Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnung wird dann eine Probe der Ausatemluft aus ein- und demselben Atemzyklus entnommen.A medical question of particular interest concerns the investigation of gas withdrawals at short intervals and within and the same breathing cycle. By analysis of these gas samples one receives statements about the change of the gas composition during a breathing cycle. Investigations of this kind are with a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention possible. It is characterized by two or more cylinder-piston arrangements, which are connected to the breathing tube and one servomotor each for movement of the piston. By the control unit are in examinations of the type mentioned the individual pistons driven one after the other and given start and end times for the different pistons, so that they are within one breath cycle. Through each cylinder-piston arrangement Then a sample of the exhaled air from one and the same Breathing cycle taken.

    Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung lassen sich dem nachfolgenden Teil der Beschreibung entnehmen. In diesem Teil wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung anhand einer beigefügten Zeichnung naher erläutert.Further advantages, features and details of the invention can be the refer to the following part of the description. In this part will be an embodiment the device according to the invention with reference to an attached Drawing explained in more detail.

    Die Figur 1 zeigt in vereinfachter Darstellung einen Schnitt durch die vorgeschlagene Vorrichtung.FIG. 1 shows, in a simplified representation, a section through the proposed one Contraption.

    In der Zeichnung ist der Kolben der Vorrichtung mit dem Bezugszeichen 1, der Zylinder mit dem Zeichen 2 wiedergegeben. Der Kolben ist über die Kolbenstange 3 mit einem nicht dargestellten Servomotor verbunden, während der Zylinder über zwei Verbindungsrohre mit dem Atemrohr 4 in Verbindung steht. Dabei wird das Verbindungsrohr 5 beim Einatmen, das Verbindungsrohr 6 beim Ausatmen genutzt. Die Verbindung durch beide Rohre kann mit je einem Ventil 7 bzw. 8 freigegeben oder gesperrt werden. Das Atemrohr führt von seinem einen Ende 9 aus zum Mund des Patienten, während das andere Ende 10 mit der Raumluft in Verbindung steht. Das Atemrohr weist einen Durchflussmesser auf, der mit dem Bezugszeichen 11 gekennzeichnet ist. Des weiteren ist an das Atemrohr eine Leitung 12 angeschlossen, über die Zusatzgase der Einatemluft beigemengt werden können. Auch diese Leitung kann mittels eines Ventils 13 abgesperrt werden. Am Zylinder sind ebenfalls weitere Leitungen für die Zufuhr und Abfuhr von Gasen vorgesehen. Die Leitung 14 dient der Weiterleitung der entnommenen Atemluft an ein nicht dargestelltes Analysegerät, die Leitung 15 der Beimischung von Zusatzgasen zur Einatemluft. Beide Leitungen können mittels je eines Ventil 16 bzw. 17 abgesperrt werden. In the drawing, the piston of the device with the reference numeral 1, the Cylinder represented by the character 2. The piston is above the piston rod 3 connected to a servomotor, not shown, during the Cylinder via two connecting pipes with the breathing tube 4 is in communication. In this case, the connecting tube 5 is inhaled, the connecting pipe. 6 used during exhalation. The connection through both pipes can each with one Valve 7 or 8 are enabled or disabled. The breathing tube leads from its one end 9 out to the patient's mouth while the other end 10 is in communication with the room air. The breathing tube has a flow meter on, which is identified by the reference numeral 11. Furthermore is connected to the breathing tube, a line 12, via the additional gases the inhalation air can be added. Also this line can by means of a valve 13 are shut off. On the cylinder are also more Lines for the supply and removal of gases provided. The line 14 serves to forward the extracted air to an unillustrated Analyzer, the line 15 of the admixture of additional gases to the inhaled air. Both lines can be shut off by means of a respective valve 16 and 17 respectively.

    Mit dem Bezugszeichen 18 ist die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Atemrohr beim Ausatmen und mit 19 beim Einatmen angedeutet. Proportional zu diesen Geschwindigkeiten wird die Geschwindigkeit der Kolbenbewegung vorgegeben. Diese Abhängigkeit der Kolbengeschwindigkeit von der Stömungsgeschwindigkeit führt dazu, dass bei schnellem Atemvorgang das vom Kolben sekündlich geförderte Volumen groß ist, bei Atempause gleich Null ist und beim Übergang vom Aus- zum Einatmen der Kolben seine Bewegungsrichtung ändert. Beim Ausatmen des Patienten führt der Kolben einen Ansaugtakt durch, die Geschwindigkeit des Kolbens 18' weist dementsprechend vom Zylinderboden weg. Umgekehrt führt beim Einatmen des Patienten der Kolben einen Ausstoßtakt durch, die Geschwindigkeit des Kolbens 19' weist deshalb in Richtung zum Zylinderboden.The reference numeral 18 is the flow velocity in the breathing tube on exhalation and at 19 on inhalation. Proportional to these Speeds the speed of the piston movement is specified. This dependence of the piston speed on the flow velocity causes the fast reaction of the piston per second funded volume is large, at respite equal to zero and at the transition from the inhalation of the piston its direction of movement changes. When exhaling the patient, the piston performs an intake stroke by, the speed of the piston 18 'has accordingly from the cylinder bottom path. Conversely, when inhaling the patient, the piston leads an exhaust stroke, the speed of the piston 19 'therefore points towards the cylinder bottom.

    Durch die Vorgabe des Start- und Endzeitpunkt des Kolbenhubs durch die Steuereinheit lassen sich gezielte Entnahmen von Gas aus der Atemluft bzw. Zufuhren von Gas zur Atemluft durchführen. Von besonderem Interesse sind dabei Untersuchungen, die

    • einen Ausschnitt des Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklus
    • oder genau einen Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklus
    • oder mehrere Einatmen- oder Ausatemzyklen
    umfassen.By specifying the start and end time of the piston stroke by the control unit, targeted withdrawals of gas from the breathing air or supplies of gas to the breathing air can be performed. Of particular interest are studies that
    • a section of the inhalation or exhalation cycle
    • or just one inhalation or exhalation cycle
    • or multiple inhalation or exhalation cycles
    include.

    Claims (8)

    1. Device for removing a gas from the respiratory air or for feeding gas to the respiratory air, comprising a breathing tube (4), a flowmeter (11) integrated therein, and a container for gases, which is connected to the breathing tube (4), with a control unit, characterised in that
      the breathing tube (4) is arranged such that the patient can inhale and exhale through one end thereof, and its other end (10) terminates in the room air
      the container is designed as a cylinder-piston arrangement (1, 2), and in that the connection of the cylinder (2) to the breathing tube (4) is designed such that gas can flow out of the breathing tube (4) into the cylinder (2) and conversely out of the cylinder (2) into the breathing tube (4)
      a servo motor for moving the piston (1)
      and the control unit for actuating the servo motor is provided
      and actuation takes place such that the velocity of the piston is proportional to that of the flow (volume per unit time) measured by the flowmeter (11), and
      a line (14, 15) , which has a valve (16, 17) is connected to the cylinder (2).
    2. Device for removing / feeding of gas according to claim 1, characterised in that the starting and ending time point of the piston stroke can be specified with reference to the beginning of inhalation or exhalation by means of the control unit.
    3. Device for removing /feeding of gas according to claim 1, characterised in that the starting time point of the piston stroke with reference to the beginning of inhalation or exhalation and the volume delivered by the piston can be specified by means of the control unit.
    4. Device for removing / feeding of gas according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the starting and ending time point of the piston stroke comprises a section of the inhalation or exhalation cycle or precisely one inhalation or exhalation cycle or a plurality of inhalation or exhalation cycles.
    5. Device for removing /feeding of gas according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least one valve (7, 8) is provided between the cylinder (2) and breathing tube (4) and releases or blocks the flow between the two elements.
    6. Device for removing /feeding of gas according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that an analysis unit for determining the composition of the exhaled air delivered by the piston (1) is connected to the cylinder (2).
    7. Device for removing /feeding of gas according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that one line (12, 15) for the feeding of gases is connected in each case to the breathing tube (4) and/or the cylinder (2) and the line has a valve (13, 17), by means of which the flow can be released or blocked.
    8. Device for removing /feeding of gas according to one of claims 1 to 7, characteried in that at least two cylinder-piston arrangements (1, 2) are connected to the breathing tube (4) and one servo motor in each case is provided for moving each piston (1).
    EP01126358A 2000-11-17 2001-11-07 Apparatus for withdrawal of gas from the breathing air and supply of gas to the breathing air respectively Expired - Lifetime EP1206948B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE10057040 2000-11-17
    DE10057040A DE10057040A1 (en) 2000-11-17 2000-11-17 Device for removing gas from the breathing air or supplying gas to the breathing air

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1206948A1 EP1206948A1 (en) 2002-05-22
    EP1206948B1 true EP1206948B1 (en) 2005-01-26

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP01126358A Expired - Lifetime EP1206948B1 (en) 2000-11-17 2001-11-07 Apparatus for withdrawal of gas from the breathing air and supply of gas to the breathing air respectively

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP1206948B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE287745T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE10057040A1 (en)

    Family Cites Families (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US3850036A (en) * 1972-04-12 1974-11-26 Del Mar Eng Lab Respiratory gas sampler
    US4346584A (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-08-31 Boehringer John R Gas analyzer
    DE4120913A1 (en) * 1991-06-25 1993-01-07 Draegerwerk Ag PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT FOR BREATHING GAS DELIVERY AS A CYLINDER CONDENSER FOR THE LIFTING DISTANCE MEASUREMENT
    JP3838671B2 (en) * 1993-10-25 2006-10-25 アークレイ株式会社 Breath collection device
    GB9421687D0 (en) * 1994-10-27 1994-12-14 Aid Medic Ltd Dosimetric spacer
    US5666945A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-09-16 Salter Labs Pneumatically-operated gas demand apparatus
    AUPO418696A0 (en) * 1996-12-12 1997-01-16 Resmed Limited A substance delivery apparatus

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    DE50105186D1 (en) 2005-03-03
    EP1206948A1 (en) 2002-05-22
    DE10057040A1 (en) 2002-05-23
    ATE287745T1 (en) 2005-02-15

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