EP1206812B1 - Wave guide adapter - Google Patents
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- EP1206812B1 EP1206812B1 EP00953362A EP00953362A EP1206812B1 EP 1206812 B1 EP1206812 B1 EP 1206812B1 EP 00953362 A EP00953362 A EP 00953362A EP 00953362 A EP00953362 A EP 00953362A EP 1206812 B1 EP1206812 B1 EP 1206812B1
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- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- transition
- gates
- elliptical
- cross
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/082—Transitions between hollow waveguides of different shape, e.g. between a rectangular and a circular waveguide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waveguide transition for low reflection transmission of electromagnetic energy of a certain frequency range between the fundamental type of a rectangular waveguide with a unique wave propagation type Cross section and the basic wave type of an elliptical Waveguide, which is the propagation of the fundamental type and of higher wave types in said frequency range, the waveguide transmission with a longitudinal channel on at least one part its length the propagation of higher wave types in said frequency range and a plurality of in the transmission direction successive levels different Cross-section includes and with in addition to the rectangular waveguide and the elliptical waveguide in the Waveguide gates opening into the longitudinal channel for coupling to higher wave types of the elliptical waveguide is provided.
- Such a waveguide transition is from DE 38 36 454 C2 known.
- Such waveguide transitions come for high-frequency transmission links, where a high frequency wave with low attenuation must be transmitted over longer distances
- Waveguide with a clear cross-section that is Waveguide, where an electromagnetic wave given frequency can only be propagated in the basic wave type is for a variety of Transfer purposes preferred, because with them the suggestion of standing waves of higher wave types, which is the transmission of a transmission link for affect certain frequencies can, is excluded.
- waveguides in turn have a significantly higher one Attenuation on as a waveguide with accordingly larger cross section, so that the latter for a low-loss transmission preferred over longer distances become.
- This waveguide, here also as Transport waveguides usually have one elliptical cross section, as compared to rectangular waveguides not just lower damping have, but also particularly good laying and Have handling properties so that whole waveguide cables built with curvatures from one part can be.
- a problem with using such "overmoded" waveguide is that on curvatures and other small defects in the waveguide train a small part of the electromagnetic energy of the fundamental wave type in higher spreadable Wave types converted; that caused it standing waves (resonances) of the higher wave types can significantly affect the transmission.
- the Basic wave type of the unique waveguide effective coupled to the basic wave type of the transport waveguide being the excitation of higher wave types is almost prevented in the transition itself, and that inevitably in the transport waveguide excited higher wave types effectively damped to the resonance training too prevent.
- the present invention makes a waveguide transition created of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which those occurring in the overmoded waveguide train higher shaft types effectively coupled become. This is the only way to make it almost complete Damping of these higher types of waves possible.
- This Advantage is achieved by elliptical Steps in the overmoded section of the transition be provided whereby reflections and thus a non-optimal coupling of the higher shaft types, the transition from a rectangular one occur on an elliptical cross section because the wave types are not congruent (as with the known transition) can be avoided.
- the transition to the elliptical cross section of the Transport waveguide takes place over several Levels, with each level depending from their cross-sectional dimensions the number of spreadable ones Wave types in said frequency range can increase.
- the waveguide gates can be reached, which are perpendicular to the axis of the transition and are closed with absorbers, preferably arranged in one stage. That means that the cross sections of the individual transformation stages are chosen so that the short-circuit levels of the shaft types that are connected to the waveguide gates large cross-sectional dimension across the axis of the Are transition-oriented, a distance of not more than 1/6 of their waveguide wavelength to these Have gates, and that the short circuit levels of Shaft types connected to the vertical waveguide gate, its large dimension along the axis of the transition is a distance of 1/8 to 3/8 of their waveguide wavelength (preferably about 1 ⁇ 4) to this Have gate.
- Such a placement has the consequence that the higher wave types of the transport waveguide be effectively coupled.
- the waveguide transition preferably has two elongated gates perpendicular to its axis, the towards the major axis of the elliptical Cross-section are spaced.
- To these two gates can connect two waveguide channels, each are connected to arms of a T-piece.
- a such construction allows in the transport waveguide another, of the basic wave type independent shaft type, with which decouples a second signal to the signal of Basic wave types additionally with the transport waveguide can be transferred.
- a chamber closes at least to one of the gates which is a damping material to dampen the Coupled wave types contains.
- the waveguide transition can be produced in a simple manner, by making the longitudinal channel parallel with one to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide transition Tool is milled. This makes it possible to The number of parts of the waveguide transition is low hold and thus avoid tightness problems.
- the tightness of the waveguide transition is important because waveguide systems in general with a slight overpressure to a Impairment of their function through intrusion to avoid moisture.
- the waveguide transition according to the invention can completely be made in one piece by the gates with a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide transition guided tool are milled.
- the waveguide transition includes two pieces on one surface bump together that cuts the gates. To this Way the length and number of required Seals kept low and tightness problems are avoided.
- Figure 1 is a first embodiment of the Waveguide transition shown in a side view.
- the transition also includes three steps 3,4,5, whose elliptical cross sections increase in each case from the rectangular waveguide 1.
- the cross section of the narrowest step is 3 also clearly.
- a level 6 closes which is a five-gate junction with three vertically to the direction of propagation of the radio frequency wave or waveguide gates leading to axis 7 10,11,12 forms, as in particular in the partially cut top view of Figure 2 can be seen is.
- the one perpendicular to the axis of the transition Gates 10, 11, 12 indicate the useful frequency range a clear cross-section, that is, in the waveguide sections adjoining the gates 100,110,120 is only the corresponding one Basic wave type (H10) capable of spreading.
- the waveguide gates 10.11 lie in the direction of the long Main axis of the elliptical cross-section spaced opposite in that shown in Figure 2 Cutting plane.
- the broad sides of these waveguide gates 10, 11 are parallel to the small main axis. Therefore couple the higher vibration types of the elliptical Waveguide, which in the area of the gates Have wall currents along the direction of propagation, such as Hs11, Hs21, EC01, Ec11, the H10 shaft type this waveguide gates 10,11.
- steps 3,4,5 are chosen that there are short-circuit levels for these types of waves result in their distance from the cutting plane of Figure 2 less than 1/6 of the waveguide wavelength of the corresponding wave type.
- levels 3 to 6 can be achieved that the cutoff wavelengths individual of these types of waves and consequently theirs Short circuit levels coincide. So it is possible the most important of these wave types through optimization the dimensions of a small number of steps to effectively couple to gates 10, 11.
- a third goal 12 is on the short main thing arranged in the elliptical shape of level 6, the broadside this gate extends in the axial direction of the transition.
- the H10 wave type of this gate couples shaft types, the wall currents across Induction of propagation, such as Hc21, Hs11. With these types of waves is a prerequisite for one effective coupling that the short circuit level is in a distance of about 1/8 to 3/8, preferably 1 ⁇ 4 the waveguide wavelength of the corresponding wave type from the gate 12.
- the lateral ones are located Goals in the area of the last transformation stage the transition to the elliptical waveguide. So there are few reflections for the higher wave types that arise in the transport waveguide can, that is, they can effectively address the appropriate side waveguide gates coupled become. This final stage of the transition could also congruent with the adjacent waveguide be so little reflections to avoid at the border to the transport waveguide 2.
- Chambers close to gates 10, 11, 12 100,110,120 with the same cross section as that Gates on. These chambers contain an absorbent Material that is coupled into the chambers electromagnetic energy of the higher wave types attenuates.
- Figure 3 shows the in another perspective Waveguide transition with the following Waveguides 1,2 and the orientation of the gates.
- the chambers 100, 110 are configured by rectangular waveguides 101,111 replaced its cross section that corresponds to the gates 10.11, and that on a T-piece 13 merged into a single conductor 14 are.
- the waveguides 101, 111 have the same Lengths and a clear cross-section on which only the H10 vibration type is capable of propagation.
- the waveguide transition is simple made by milling.
- the longitudinal channel for example with the help of a milling head, from the side of the largest level 6 in a one-piece blank is inserted and successively milled out the individual stages.
- the gates are cut from the sides and milled and the chambers 100, 110, 120 or the waveguide 101, 111, airtightly mounted thereon.
- the transition can also be made from two pieces be in a through the gates 10,11,12 trending level, for example the level of the section in Figure 2, adjoin each other. By doing It is possible to connect the chambers 10, 11, 12 to one of the two pieces each from the said level Milled from the solid and then airtight connect to.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Hohlleiterübergang zur reflexionsarme Übertragung von elektromagnetischer Energie eines bestimmten Frequenzbereichs zwischen dem Grundwellentyp eines Rechteckhohlleiters mit bezüglich des ausbreitungsfähigen Wellentyps eindeutigem Querschnitt und dem Grundwellentyp eines elliptischen Hohlleiters, der die Ausbreitung des Grundwellentyps und von höheren Wellentypen in besagtem Frequenzbereich zuläßt, wobei der Hohlleiterübertragung mit einem Längskanal, der auf wenigstens einem Teil seiner Länge die Ausbreitung von höheren Wellentypen in besagtem Frequenzbereich zuläßt und der eine Mehrzahl von in Übertragungsrichtung aufeinander folgenden Stufen unterschiedlichen Querschnitts umfäßt und mit zu sätzlich zu dem Rechteck hohlleiter und dem elliptischen Hohlleiter in den Längskanal einmündenden Hohlleitertoren zum Ankoppeln an höhere Wellentypen des elliptischen Hohlleiters versehen ist.The present invention relates to a waveguide transition for low reflection transmission of electromagnetic energy of a certain frequency range between the fundamental type of a rectangular waveguide with a unique wave propagation type Cross section and the basic wave type of an elliptical Waveguide, which is the propagation of the fundamental type and of higher wave types in said frequency range, the waveguide transmission with a longitudinal channel on at least one part its length the propagation of higher wave types in said frequency range and a plurality of in the transmission direction successive levels different Cross-section includes and with in addition to the rectangular waveguide and the elliptical waveguide in the Waveguide gates opening into the longitudinal channel for coupling to higher wave types of the elliptical waveguide is provided.
Ein solcher Hohlleiterübergang ist aus DE 38 36 454 C2 bekannt. Derartige Hohlleiterübergänge kommen bei Hochfrequenz-Übertragungsstrecken zum Einsatz, bei denen eine Hochfrequenzwelle mit geringer Dämpfung über längere Strecken übertragen werden mußSuch a waveguide transition is from DE 38 36 454 C2 known. Such waveguide transitions come for high-frequency transmission links, where a high frequency wave with low attenuation must be transmitted over longer distances
Hohlleiter mit eindeutigem Querschnitt, das heißt Hohlleiter, bei denen eine elektromagnetische Welle gegebener Frequenz nur in dem Grundwellentyp ausbreitungsfähig ist, werden für eine Vielzahl von Übertragungszwecken bevorzugt, da bei ihnen die Anregung von stehenden Wellen höherer Wellentypen, die die Transmission einer Übertragungsstrecke für bestimmte Frequenzen empfindlich beeinträchtigen können, ausgeschlossen ist. Derartige eindeutige Hohlleiter weisen aber ihrerseits eine deutlich höhere Dämpfung auf als Hohlleiter mit entsprechend größerem Querschnitt, so daß letztere für eine dämpfungsarme Übertragung auf längeren Strecken bevorzugt werden. Diese Hohlleiter, hier auch als Transporthohlleiter bezeichnet, haben meist einen elliptischen Querschnitt, da diese gegenüber Rechteckhohlleitern nicht nur eine niedrigere Dämpfung aufweisen, sondern auch besonders gute Verlege- und Handhabungseigenschaften haben, so daß ganze Hohlleiterzüge mit Krümmungen aus einem Teil aufgebaut werden können.Waveguide with a clear cross-section, that is Waveguide, where an electromagnetic wave given frequency can only be propagated in the basic wave type is for a variety of Transfer purposes preferred, because with them the suggestion of standing waves of higher wave types, which is the transmission of a transmission link for affect certain frequencies can, is excluded. Such clear However, waveguides in turn have a significantly higher one Attenuation on as a waveguide with accordingly larger cross section, so that the latter for a low-loss transmission preferred over longer distances become. This waveguide, here also as Transport waveguides usually have one elliptical cross section, as compared to rectangular waveguides not just lower damping have, but also particularly good laying and Have handling properties so that whole waveguide cables built with curvatures from one part can be.
Ein Problem bei der Verwendung solcher "übermodierter" Hohlleiter ist, daß an Krümmungen und anderen kleinen Störstellen des Hohlleiterzuges ein kleiner Teil der elektromagnetischen Energie des Grundwellentyps in höhere ausbreitungsfähige Wellentypen konvertiert; die dadurch verursachten stehenden Wellen (Resonanzen) der höheren Wellentypen können die Übertragung empfindlich beeinträchtigen. Um eine Übertragung mit hohem Wirkungsgrad zu erreichen, ist es zum einen notwendig, daß der Grundwellentyp des eindeutigen Hohlleiters effektiv an den Grundwellentyp des Transporthohlleiters angekoppelt wird, wobei die Anregung höherer Wellentypen im Übergang selbst nahezu unterbunden wird, und daß die unvermeidlicherweise im Transporthohlleiter angeregten höheren Wellentypen effektiv gedämpft werden, um die Ausbildung von Resonanzen zu verhindern.A problem with using such "overmoded" waveguide is that on curvatures and other small defects in the waveguide train a small part of the electromagnetic energy of the fundamental wave type in higher spreadable Wave types converted; that caused it standing waves (resonances) of the higher wave types can significantly affect the transmission. To transfer with high efficiency on the one hand, it is necessary that the Basic wave type of the unique waveguide effective coupled to the basic wave type of the transport waveguide being the excitation of higher wave types is almost prevented in the transition itself, and that inevitably in the transport waveguide excited higher wave types effectively damped to the resonance training too prevent.
Vorteile der Erfindung Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird ein Hohlleiterübergang der eingangs genannten Art geschaffen, bei dem die im übermodierten Hohlleiterzug auftretenden höheren Wellentypen effektiv angekoppelt werden. Nur dadurch ist eine nahezu vollständige Bedämpfung dieser höheren Wellentypen möglich. Dieser Vorteil wird erreicht, indem elliptische Stufen im übermodierten Abschnitt des Überganges vorgesehen werden wodurch Reflexionen und damit eine nicht optimale Ankopplung der höheren Wellentypen, die bei einem Übergang von einem rechteckigen auf einen elliptischen Querschnitt auftreten, da die Wellentypen nicht kongruent sind (wie bei dem bekannten Übergang), vermieden werden.Advantages of the invention The present invention makes a waveguide transition created of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which those occurring in the overmoded waveguide train higher shaft types effectively coupled become. This is the only way to make it almost complete Damping of these higher types of waves possible. This Advantage is achieved by elliptical Steps in the overmoded section of the transition be provided whereby reflections and thus a non-optimal coupling of the higher shaft types, the transition from a rectangular one occur on an elliptical cross section because the wave types are not congruent (as with the known transition) can be avoided.
Durch diese Maßnahme weisen alle Transformationsstufen im übermodierten Abschnitt elliptische Querschnitte auf.This measure shows all transformation levels in the overmoded section elliptical Cross sections on.
Der Übergang zum elliptischen Querschnitt des Transporthohlleiters vollzieht sich über mehrere Stufen, wobei sich an jeder Stufe in Abhängigkeit von ihren Querschnittsabmessungen die Zahl der ausbreitungsfähigen Wellentypen un besagtem frequenz bereich erhöhen kann.The transition to the elliptical cross section of the Transport waveguide takes place over several Levels, with each level depending from their cross-sectional dimensions the number of spreadable ones Wave types in said frequency range can increase.
Um eine einfache Herstellbarkeit des Hohlleiterüberganges zu erreichen, sind die Hohlleitertore, die sich senkrecht zur Achse des Überganges befinden und mit Absorbern abgeschlossen sind, vorzugsweise in einer Stufe angeordnet. Das bedingt, daß die Querschnitte der einzelnen Transformationsstufen so gewählt sind, daß die Kurzschlußebenen der Wellentypen, die an die Hohlleitertore, dessen große Querschnittsdimension quer zur Achse des Übergangs orientiert sind, einen Abstand von nicht mehr als 1/6 ihrer Hohlleiterwellenlänge zu diesen Toren aufweisen, und daß die Kurzschlußebenen der Wellentypen, die an das senkrechte Hohlleitertor, dessen große Dimension längs zur Achse des Überganges ist, einen Abstand von 1/8 bis 3/8 ihre Hohlleiterwellenlänge (vorzugsweise ca. ¼) zu diesem Tor aufweisen. Eine solche Plazierung hat zur folge, daß die höheren Wellentypen des Transporthohlleiters effektiv angekoppelt werden.To make the waveguide transition easy to manufacture the waveguide gates can be reached, which are perpendicular to the axis of the transition and are closed with absorbers, preferably arranged in one stage. That means that the cross sections of the individual transformation stages are chosen so that the short-circuit levels of the shaft types that are connected to the waveguide gates large cross-sectional dimension across the axis of the Are transition-oriented, a distance of not more than 1/6 of their waveguide wavelength to these Have gates, and that the short circuit levels of Shaft types connected to the vertical waveguide gate, its large dimension along the axis of the transition is a distance of 1/8 to 3/8 of their waveguide wavelength (preferably about ¼) to this Have gate. Such a placement has the consequence that the higher wave types of the transport waveguide be effectively coupled.
Vorzugsweise weist der Hohlleiterübergang zwei senkrecht zu seiner Achse langgestreckte Tore auf, die in Richtung der großen Achse des elliptischen Querschnitts beabstandet sind. An diese zwei Tore können zwei Hohlleiterkanäle anschließen, die jeweils mit Armen eines T-Stücks verbunden sind. Eine solche Konstruktion erlaubt es, in dem Transporthohlleiter noch einen zweiten, von dem Grundwellentyp unabhängigen Wellentyp anzukoppeln, mit dem ein zweites Signal entkoppelt zum Signal des Grundwellentyps zusätzlich mit dem Transporthohlleiter übertragen werden kann.The waveguide transition preferably has two elongated gates perpendicular to its axis, the towards the major axis of the elliptical Cross-section are spaced. To these two gates can connect two waveguide channels, each are connected to arms of a T-piece. A such construction allows in the transport waveguide another, of the basic wave type independent shaft type, with which decouples a second signal to the signal of Basic wave types additionally with the transport waveguide can be transferred.
Wenigstens an eines der Tore schließt eine Kammer an, die ein dämpfendes Material zum Abdämpfen der eingekoppelten Wellentypen enthält. A chamber closes at least to one of the gates which is a damping material to dampen the Coupled wave types contains.
Der Hohlleiterübergang ist auf einfache Weise herstellbar, indem der Längskanal mit einem parallel zur Längsachse des Hohlleiterübergangs geführten Werkzeug gefräst wird. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Zahl der Teile des Hohlleiterübergangs gering zu halten und so Dichtigkeitsprobleme zu vermeiden. Die Dichtigkeit des Hohlleiterübergangs ist von Bedeutung, weil Hohlleitersysteme im allgemeinen mit einem leichten Überdruck betrieben werden, um eine Beeinträchtigung ihrer Funktion durch Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit zu vermeiden.The waveguide transition can be produced in a simple manner, by making the longitudinal channel parallel with one to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide transition Tool is milled. This makes it possible to The number of parts of the waveguide transition is low hold and thus avoid tightness problems. The tightness of the waveguide transition is important because waveguide systems in general with a slight overpressure to a Impairment of their function through intrusion to avoid moisture.
Der erfindungsgemäße Hohlleiterübergang kann ganz aus einem Stück gefertigt werden, indem die Tore mit einem senkrecht zur Längsachse des Hohlleiterübergangs geführten Werkzeug gefräst werden. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, daß der Hohlleiterübergang zwei Stücke umfaßt, die an einer Fläche aneinanderstoßen, die die Tore schneidet. Auf diese Weise wird die Länge und Zahl der erforderlichen Dichtungen gering gehalten und Dichtigkeitsprobleme werden vermieden.The waveguide transition according to the invention can completely be made in one piece by the gates with a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide transition guided tool are milled. alternative it is also possible that the waveguide transition includes two pieces on one surface bump together that cuts the gates. To this Way the length and number of required Seals kept low and tightness problems are avoided.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezug auf die Figuren.Further features and advantages of the invention result itself from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures.
Figuren
- Figuren 1 bis 3
- zeigen den Hohlleiterübergang gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung in zwei Seitenansichten und einer Draufsicht in axialer Richtung;
Figur 4- zeigt eine Draufsicht in axialer Richtung auf eine zweite Ausgestaltung des Hohlleiterübergangs.
- Figures 1 to 3
- show the waveguide transition according to a first embodiment in two side views and a plan view in the axial direction;
- Figure 4
- shows a plan view in the axial direction of a second embodiment of the waveguide transition.
In Figur 1 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des
Hohlleiterübergangs in einer Seitenansicht dargestellt.
An einen Rechteckhohlleiter 1 mit eindeutigem
Querschnitt (nur der Grundwellentyp H10 ist
ausbreitungsfähig) schließt sich der Übergang mit
drei Stufen 3,4,5 an, deren elliptische Querschnitte
jeweils von dem Rechteckhohlleiter 1 fort zunehmen.
Der Querschnitt der schmalsten Stufe 3 ist
ebenfalls eindeutig. Es schließt sich eine Stufe 6
an, die eine Fünftorverzweigung mit drei senkrecht
zur Ausbreitungsrichtung der Hochfrequenzwelle beziehungsweise
zur Achse 7 einmündenden Hohlleitertoren
10,11,12 bildet, wie insbesondere in der
teilgeschnittenen Draufsicht von Figur 2 zu erkennen
ist.In Figure 1 is a first embodiment of the
Waveguide transition shown in a side view.
To a rectangular waveguide 1 with a clear
Cross section (only the basic shaft type is H10
capable of spreading) the transition also includes
three
Die senkrechte zur Achse des Übergangs anschließenden
Tore 10,11,12 weisen für den Nutzfrequenzbereich
einen eindeutigen Querschnitt auf, das heißt,
in den an den Toren anschließenden Hohlleiterabschnitten
100,110,120 ist nur der entsprechende
Grundwellentyp (H10) ausbreitungsfähig. Die Hohlleitertore
10,11 liegen in Richtung der langen
Hauptachse des elliptischen Querschnitts beabstandet
gegenüber in der in Figur 2 dargestellten
Schnittebene. Die Breitseiten dieser Hohlleitertore
10, 11 sind parallel zur kleinen Hauptachse. Daher
koppeln die höheren Schwingungstypen des elliptischen
Hohlleiters, welche in dem Bereich der Tore
Wandströme längs zur Ausbreitungsrichtung aufweisen,
wie etwa Hs11, Hs21, EC01 , Ec11, den H10 Wellentyp
dieser Hohlleitertore 10,11 an. Um eine effektive
Kopplung dieser Wellentypen zu erreichen,
sind die Abmessungen der Stufen 3,4,5 so gewählt,
daß sich für diese Wellentypen jeweils Kurzschlußebenen
ergeben, deren Abstand von der Schnittebene
der Figur 2 kleiner als 1/6 der Hohlleiterwellenlänge
des entsprechenden Wellentyps ist. Durch eine
geeignete Wahl der Abmessungen der Stufen 3 bis 6
kann erreicht werden, daß die Grenzwellenlängen
einzelner dieser Wellentypen und infolgedessen ihre
Kürzschlußebenen übereinfallen. So ist es möglich,
die wichtigsten dieser Wellentypen durch Optimierung
der Abmessungen einer kleinen Zahl von Stufen
wirksam an die Tore 10, 11 zu koppeln.The one perpendicular to the axis of the
Ein drittes Tor 12 ist auf der kurzen Hauptsache
der Ellipsenform von Stufe 6 angeordnet, die Breitseite
dieses Tores erstreckt sich in axialer Richtung
des Überganges. Der H10 Wellentyp dieses Tores
koppelt Wellentypen an, die Wandströme quer zur
Ausbreitungsrichtung induzieren, wie Hc21, Hs11.
Bei diesen Wellentypen ist Voraussetzung für eine
effektive Kopplung, daß die Kurzschlußebene sich in
einem Abstand von etwa 1/8 bis 3/8, vorzugsweise ¼
der Hohlleiterwellenlänge des entsprechenden Wellentyps
von dem Tor 12 befindet.A
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich die seitlichen
Tore im Bereich der letzten Transformationsstufe
des Übergangs zum elliptischen Hohlleiter.
Damit treten wenig Reflexionen für die höheren Wellentypen
auf, die im Transporthohlleiter entstehen
können, das heißt, sie können effektiv an die entsprechenden
seitlichen Hohlleitertore angekoppelt
werden. Diese letzte Stufe des Übergangs könnte
auch kongruent mit dem daran anschließenden Transporthohlleiter
sein, um so auch geringe Reflexionen
an der Grenze zum Transporthohlleiter 2 zu vermeiden.In the exemplary embodiment, the lateral ones are located
Goals in the area of the last transformation stage
the transition to the elliptical waveguide.
So there are few reflections for the higher wave types
that arise in the transport waveguide
can, that is, they can effectively address the appropriate
side waveguide gates coupled
become. This final stage of the transition could
also congruent with the adjacent waveguide
be so little reflections
to avoid at the border to the
Mit den großen und kleinen Hauptachsen und den Längen
der einzelnen elliptischen Stufen sind genügend
freie Parameter vorhanden, mit denen die entsprechenden
Kurzschlußebenen der höheren Wellentypen
optimal für den Nutzfrequenzbereich positioniert
werden können, als auch die sehr gute Anpassung für
die Grundwellentypen des rechteckigen Hohlleiters 1
und des Transporthohlleiters 2 erreicht werden
kann. Dabei ist es auch möglich, daß das Verhältnis
von großer zu kleiner Halbachse für verschiedene
Stufen unterschiedlich ist.With the major and minor major axes and the lengths
of the individual elliptical levels are sufficient
free parameters available with which the corresponding
Short-circuit levels of the higher wave types
optimally positioned for the useful frequency range
as well as the very good customization for
the basic wave types of the rectangular waveguide 1
and the
An die Tore 10,11,12 schließen jeweils Kammern
100,110,120 mit dem gleichen Querschnitt wie die
Tore an. Diese Kammern enthalten ein absorbierendes
Material, das die in die Kammern eingekoppelte
elektromagnetische Energie der höheren Wellentypen
dämpft.Chambers close to
Figur 3 zeigt in einer weiteren Perspektive den
Hohlleiterübergang mit den daran anschließenden
Hohlleitern 1,2 sowie die Orientierung der Tore. Figure 3 shows the in another perspective
Waveguide transition with the following
Bei der in Figur 4 in einer Draufsicht aus der
Richtung des Rechteckhohlleiters 1 dargestellten
Ausgestaltung sind die Kammern 100,110 durch Rechteckhohlleiter
101,111 ersetzt, deren Querschnitt
dem der Tore 10,11 entspricht, und die an einem T-Stück
13 zu einem einheitlichen Leiter 14 zusammengeführt
sind. Die Hohlleiter 101, 111 haben gleiche
Längen und einen eindeutigen Querschnitt, auf dem
nur der H10-Schwingungstyp ausbreitungsfähig ist.4 in a plan view from the
Direction of the rectangular waveguide 1 shown
The
Eine im Anschlußtor 14 eingespeiste elektromagnetische
Welle wird durch die T-Verzweigung in zwei
gleich große Anteile aufgeteilt. Durch die Anordnung
ergeben sich dann an den Orten der Tore 10,11
entgegengesetzte parallel zur Achse des Überganges
gerichtete Wandströme, die den Ec01 Wellentyp des
übermodierten Transporthohlleiters 2 ankoppeln. Der
Hc11 Grundwellentyp ist dazu entkoppelt, da er im
Bereich der Tore 10,11 nur Wandströme senkrecht zur
Ausbreitungsrichtung aufweist. So ist es möglich,
über den Wellenleiter 14 den Wellentyp Ec01 des
übermodierten Hohlleiters gezielt anzuregen und die
angeregte Schwingung an einem entsprechend aufgebauten
Übergang an dem anderen Ende des übermodierten
Hohlleiters 2 wieder abzugreifen. Auf diese
Weise kann der Hohlleiter 2 zur gleichzeitigen,
wechselwirkungsfreien Übertragung von zwei Nachrichtenkanälen
genutzt werden, die jeweils einem
der beiden Wellentypen aufmoduliert sind.An electromagnetic fed in the connecting
Der Hohlleiterübergang wird auf einfache Weise
durch Fräsen hergestellt. Dabei kann der Längskanal
zum Beispiel mit Hilfe eines Fräskopfs erzeugt werden,
der von der Seite der größten Stufe 6 her in
einem einstückigen Rohling eingeführt wird und sukzessive
die einzelnen Stufen ausfräst. Anschließend
werden die Tore jeweils von den Seiten her geschnitten
und gefräst und die Kammern 100,110,120
oder die Hohlleiter 101,111, luftdicht daran montiert.
Der Übergang kann auch aus zwei Stücken hergestellt
werden, die in einer durch die Tore
10,11,12 verlaufenden Ebene, zum Beispiel der Ebene
des Schnitts in Figur 2, aneinandergrenzen. In dem
Fall ist es möglich, die Kammern 10,11,12 an einem
der zwei Stücke jeweils von der besagten Ebene her
aus dem Vollen zu fräsen und anschließend luftdicht
zu verbinden.The waveguide transition is simple
made by milling. The longitudinal channel
for example with the help of a milling head,
from the side of the
Claims (10)
- A transition waveguide for the transmission with low reflection of electromagnetic energy of a given frequency range between the dominant mode of a rectangular waveguide (1) having a single-value cross-section with respect to the propagatable mode, and the dominant mode of an elliptical waveguide (2), the transition waveguide allowing the propagation of the dominant mode and of higher modes in the aforementioned frequency range and comprising a longitudinal channel which allows the propagation of higher modes in the aforementioned frequency range over at least a part of its length and a plurality of stages (3, 4, 5, 6) of differing cross-sections which follow one another in the direction of transmission, and the transition waveguide being provided, in addition to the rectangular waveguide and the elliptical waveguide, with waveguide gates opening into said transition waveguide for coupling to higher modes of the elliptical waveguide (2), characterised in that the stages (4, 5, 6) in which higher modes in the aforementioned frequency range are propagatable have an elliptical cross-section.
- A transition waveguide according to Claim 1, characterised in that all the gates (10, 11, 12) are arranged in the walls of one of the stages (6), and in that the cross-sections of the stages (3, 4, 5, 6) are so selected that the modes which induce wall currents parallel to their direction of propagation have short-circuit planes disposed at a distance of not more than 1/6 of their waveguide wavelength from a gate (10, 11) which couples them, and in that modes which induce wall currents perpendicular to their direction of propagation have short-circuit planes disposed at a distance of approx. 1/4 of their waveguide wavelength from a gate (12) which couples them.
- A transition waveguide according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises two elongated gates (10, 11) disposed perpendicularly to the axis of the transition waveguide and spaced apart in the direction of the long semiaxis of the elliptical cross-section.
- A transition waveguide according to Claim 3, characterised in that waveguide channels (101, 111), each of which is connected to an arm of a T-piece 13, are connected to the two gates (10, 11).
- A transition waveguide according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a chamber (100, 110, 120) containing an attenuating material is connected to at least one gate (10, 11, 12).
- A transition waveguide according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the longitudinal channel is milled with a tool guided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the transition waveguide.
- A transition waveguide according to Claim 6, characterised in that it is formed in one piece, and in that the gates (10, 11, 12) are milled with a tool guided perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the transition waveguide.
- A transition waveguide according to Claim 6, characterised in that it comprises two parts abutting at a face which passes through the gates.
- A transition waveguide according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the waveguide gates (10, 11, 12) open into the stage (6) to which the elliptical waveguide is connectable as the transport waveguide.
- An arrangement comprising a transport waveguide and at least one transition waveguide according to Claim 9, characterised in that the cross-section of the transport waveguide is congruent with that of the stage (6) connected thereto.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19937725 | 1999-08-10 | ||
| DE19937725A DE19937725A1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 1999-08-10 | Waveguide transition |
| PCT/IB2000/001177 WO2001011713A1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Wave guide adapter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1206812A1 EP1206812A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| EP1206812B1 true EP1206812B1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=7917842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00953362A Expired - Lifetime EP1206812B1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Wave guide adapter |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6661305B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1206812B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1378711A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE233958T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6587300A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19937725A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20020653L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001011713A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7893789B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2011-02-22 | Andrew Llc | Waveguide transitions and method of forming components |
| CN102709659A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-03 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Rectangular-waveguide impedance transducer |
| US9647342B2 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2017-05-09 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Modular feed assembly |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2118848B1 (en) | 1970-12-22 | 1974-03-22 | Thomson Csf | |
| US4540959A (en) * | 1983-11-22 | 1985-09-10 | Andrew Corporation | Rectangular to elliptical waveguide connection |
| US4642585A (en) * | 1985-01-30 | 1987-02-10 | Andrew Corporation | Superelliptical waveguide connection |
| US5583468A (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-12-10 | Motorola, Inc. | High frequency transition from a microstrip transmission line to an MMIC coplanar waveguide |
| DE19716290A1 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Directional coupler |
| DE19856339A1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Microwave coupling element e.g. for automobile radar device, uses 2 parallel striplines and transformation lines for compensating matching error between input and output lines |
-
1999
- 1999-08-10 DE DE19937725A patent/DE19937725A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-08-10 AU AU65873/00A patent/AU6587300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-10 US US10/049,175 patent/US6661305B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-10 EP EP00953362A patent/EP1206812B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-10 AT AT00953362T patent/ATE233958T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-10 CN CN00814106A patent/CN1378711A/en active Pending
- 2000-08-10 WO PCT/IB2000/001177 patent/WO2001011713A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-08-10 DE DE50001416T patent/DE50001416D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-02-08 NO NO20020653A patent/NO20020653L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001011713A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| AU6587300A (en) | 2001-03-05 |
| NO20020653D0 (en) | 2002-02-08 |
| EP1206812A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| DE19937725A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| US6661305B1 (en) | 2003-12-09 |
| CN1378711A (en) | 2002-11-06 |
| DE50001416D1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
| NO20020653L (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| ATE233958T1 (en) | 2003-03-15 |
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