EP1201594B1 - Telescoping system for a crane boom - Google Patents

Telescoping system for a crane boom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1201594B1
EP1201594B1 EP00420221A EP00420221A EP1201594B1 EP 1201594 B1 EP1201594 B1 EP 1201594B1 EP 00420221 A EP00420221 A EP 00420221A EP 00420221 A EP00420221 A EP 00420221A EP 1201594 B1 EP1201594 B1 EP 1201594B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
block
boom
locking
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00420221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1201594A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Baraniak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PPM SA
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PPM SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR9911102A priority Critical patent/FR2797862B1/en
Application filed by PPM SA filed Critical PPM SA
Priority to DE60023506T priority patent/DE60023506T2/en
Priority to EP00420221A priority patent/EP1201594B1/en
Priority to US09/709,736 priority patent/US6474486B1/en
Publication of EP1201594A1 publication Critical patent/EP1201594A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1201594B1 publication Critical patent/EP1201594B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64Jibs
    • B66C23/70Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64Jibs
    • B66C23/70Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/705Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic telescoped by hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of arrows telehandlers of cranes, whether installed in a fixed position or carried by self-propelled mobile structures or not.
  • the telescopic arrows are the most generally mounted on an orientable turret in azimuth with respect to a support structure and on which turret is articulated in site, an arrow constituted by at least three distinct telescopic elements.
  • the first element is called basic and is usually linked to the axis of articulation in site
  • the second element is said intermediate
  • the third is said external and usually carries at least one arrow head pulley.
  • an arrow of the type above provided for the existence of technical means capable of making telescoping possible under load, so as to be able to provide range adjustment capability in line with a certain point in relation to which the load was to be mounted, lowered, posed or removed.
  • Such means are particularly expensive, must be designed so very robust and be very carefully maintained so that the essential function first can be assumed safely.
  • such means represent a large mass that strikes the functional abilities of the arrow.
  • This technique consists of appreciating a priori the scope to be conferred on the arrow so that it can, from its site of implantation, reach the point of support or removal, or even the locus of geometry, for example to circular part, that this point is likely to follow and then to adjust the arrow length.
  • a straight-moving actuator inside a telescopic boom alternative that is, for example, linked to the base element and made relatively mobile by compared to the extreme element.
  • such an actuator is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder of the double-acting type and predetermined single stroke which generally corresponds the longest reentry or exit run that any of the mobile elements, except of course the basic element considered as fixed.
  • the first is to be able to keep locked the elements telescopic between them in the retracted position or in the extended position.
  • the second is the need to be able to selectively support one any telescopic elements to ensure separation from the position he occupies and then the training to the new position sought by which a new lock must occur.
  • this technology involves series of locking and handling devices that overlap and must to be subjected to an energy supply based on pressurized fluid whose distribution must be perfectly synchronized to achieve the desired result that pass, for example, during a telescoping out, necessarily by the respect a sequence of support for the element concerned, then unlocking the this element before engaging its relative sliding to the new position where a lock must be re-established.
  • German application DE 43 44 795 in which between the actuator and each of the telescopic elements, means are provided for support in the same order as the previous request and means of locking which consist of the engagement of pins to be ordered separately in erasure or retraction stroke to release an element with respect to another.
  • Such technology which may appear to be less technically that of the previous application, however, involves always implementing two types of control devices capable of selectively providing the link function between the actuator and any of the elements to be moved and the uncoupling said element to move relative to the next.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new telescoping technique and new means of implementation, so that it can be carried out in all Safety the above functions from equipment reduced in weight.
  • An object of the invention is to be able to transfer, for the benefit of the realization of the arrow, the gain of weight thus obtained in order to reinforce the effectiveness of the latter without altogether overall mass can be considered changed to the point of reducing the functional.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new technique and new means of implementation which make it possible to achieve, from the combination of two technical means cooperating with each other, the two functions which, are the support or the temporary coupling between the actuator and the telescopic elements to be moved and, on the other hand, the unlocking of the latter relative to the surrounding element to allow relative movement and, conversely, the opposite functions when it is appropriate to immobilize in the new desired position any of the elements moved in order to then allow his uncoupling from the actuator.
  • the subject of the invention is also an arrow making use of the means precedents.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of application of the object of the invention to a crane of the mobile and self-propelled type. Such an example is provided for illustrative purposes, because the object of the invention could be implemented just as well on a crane installed at a fixed position, or even on a similar installation.
  • the crane according to fig. 1 comprises a platform or a chassis 1 carried by rolling members 2 constituted, for example in a known manner, by several motor-gear trains.
  • the platform or chassis 1 comprises a driving cabin 3 housing one or more engines and / or thrusters.
  • Side stabilizers 4 are provided on the chassis 1, substantially in front of the front and rear portions, to provide a stable attitude when commissioning the crane.
  • the platform 1 also comprises a turret 5 which is orientable in azimuth on a vertical axis x-x ' .
  • This turret 5 carries, by a horizontal axis of articulation 6, an arrow 7 which is orientable in site by means of a jack 8 .
  • the arrow 7 is constituted by telescopic elements, for example four in number, the first 9, said base, is directly carried by the axis 6.
  • the elements 10 and 11 are called intermediate, while the element 12 is said to be extreme and carries at least one arrow head pulley 13 .
  • the arrow 7 is completed by at least one cable or the like 14 wound and / or unwound from a winch 15 and passing over the pulley 13 beyond which such a cable ensures the suspension of a load 16 .
  • the turret 5 is, moreover, equipped with a cabin 18 called boom which allows the operation of the actuating means of the latter such as the cylinder 8, the winch 15, and a telescoping means 19 included in the arrow 7 and shown in phantom in FIG.
  • a telescoping means such as 19 must be considered in absolute terms as falling within the known art, whereas the means according to the invention are provided to make possible, from such telescoping means 19, the re-entry and the individual output of each of the mobile telescopic elements, namely 10, 11, 12 and the immobilization of each of them in an extended position and in the retracted position.
  • the means according to the invention involve a device which is able to allow the implementation of the telescoping method according to the invention as described below with reference in particular to FIG. 2 .
  • Such a device comprises, first of all, the actuator 19 which is constituted so as to have, on the one hand, a fulcrum 20 in relation to the base element 9 and, on the other hand, a movable member 21 capable of being animated by a movement in rectilinear reciprocating stroke parallel to the axis YY 'of the arrow.
  • the actuator 19 is aligned on such an axis.
  • the actuator 19 is constituted by a hydraulic jack of the double-acting type, single-stage or single-stroke
  • the rod 22 is integral with the fulcrum 20
  • the body 23 is connected to the movable element 21 and is adapted to be worn, with possibility of relative guided displacement, by the end element 12.
  • Such a possibility can, for example, be provided by means of a foot 24 provided rollers or the like 25 capable of cooperating with a guideway not shown.
  • an actuator 19 of the above type can be considered, although its position is reversed, as not posing any hydraulic supply problem for the skilled person and this is the reason for which the pipes supply of the two chambers of such a jack are not illustrated in the drawings.
  • the movable member 21 is constituted by a telescoping head which is advantageously integrated with the bearing of the cylinder body 23 opposite the bottom of the latter.
  • the telescoping device comprises, moreover, a on the other hand, locking elements between the telescopic elements to immobilize them relatively in in and out positions and, on the other hand, means carried by the actuator to control these organs.
  • each locking block 30 carried by the inner end portion of each telescopic member 10, 11 , 12.
  • Each locking block 30 defines, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a well 31 opening from the upper face 32 of the block 30 and opening into a cage 33 containing a clamping member 34 with a tight rest position consisting of two jaws 35 which are always biased towards the one of the other by elastic members 36 ( Figure 5).
  • the jaws 35 are arranged vis-a-vis by facing active faces which are situated on either side of a longitudinal median plane PP 'passing through the axis Y-Y'.
  • Each block 30 also comprises a pusher 37 intended to cooperate with the jaws 35.
  • the pusher 37 comprises for this purpose a shank 37 1 guided in the well 31 and whose actuating face 37 2 is oriented towards the face 32.
  • the shank 37 1 is extended by a head 37 3 disposed in the cage 33 to cooperate by inclined faces 38 with ramps 39 that have the jaws 35 facing each other.
  • the pushers 37 provided with a shank 37 1 of length such that the face 37 2 of each is established in the plane or on the line L in the clamping position of the clamp 34 as is apparent from the following.
  • Each locking member further comprises at least one immobilization piece 40 with a fixed position which belongs to the telescopic element externally surrounding the one carrying the locking block 30 with which it must cooperate.
  • Such an immobilizing piece 40 is, for example, advantageously constituted by a profile segment intended to be imprisoned and clamped by the faces facing the jaws 35 .
  • the faces facing the jaws 35 are advantageously shaped in a manner conjugated to the flanks of the part 40 on which the jaws 35 are pressed by the springs 36.
  • the piece 40 is formed in the form of a double rack with asymmetric teeth 41 formed in opposition on the two longitudinal edges of the piece.
  • the asymmetrical teeth each have a face 42 substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece 40 and an inclined face 43
  • the workpiece 40 is carried by the telescopic element so that the faces 42 are oriented in the direction of the boom head. Because of this double rack form, the opposite faces of the jaws 35 are provided with complementary conformations 44 conjugated to the teeth 41 (FIG 7).
  • each block 30 has in its lower part a groove 45 ( Figure 4).
  • Each piece 40 is fixed to the corresponding telescopic element to determine, when cooperating with the corresponding block 30 of the telescopic element which is internal to it, a fixed position.
  • each element 9, 10 and 11 internally has two immobilization pieces 40 defining two cooperation positions for the corresponding immobilization block 30 of the immediately internal element, respectively 10 , 11 and 12. These two positions respectively correspond to the retracted position determined by the immobilizing part 40 1 and at an output position determined by the immobilizing part 40 2 .
  • each element 9, 10 or 11 may also comprise other immobilization parts such as 40 3 intended to determine each an intermediate position.
  • the immobilizing piece 40 may, in fact, be constituted by an uninterrupted profile 40 4 running over the entire useful length of each element 9, 10 or 11 or some of them, so as to define, as will be demonstrated later, the extreme positions of re-entry and exit, as well as n intermediate positions.
  • the section 40 4 meets the constructive arrangements described above for the piece 40 .
  • the device according to the invention also comprises means carried by the actuator 19 for controlling the organs described above.
  • Such means generally designated 50 ( Figures 2, 5 and 8), are qualified as mobile and are provided in connection with the telescoping head 21 carried by the cylinder body 23 in the illustrated example.
  • these means 50 comprise a member 51 able to occupy two relative positions under the action of a drive member 52. The first of these positions is the so-called erasure or retraction position and the second is said to support or coupling when the member 51 is able to cooperate with the locking block 30 of one of the mobile telescopic elements 10, 11 or 12.
  • the member 51 is also intended to act on the clamping member 34 of each block 30 so as to neutralize, by positive action, its clamping function to release the locking block 30 with respect to the workpiece immobilization 40 with which it cooperates.
  • the member 51 is designed to perform two functions that take place as described in the following.
  • the member 51 is constituted by a pin formed for example by the piston rod of a jack constituting the motor member 52 .
  • the motor member comprises a cylinder body 53 which is fixed on the telescoping head 21 so that the pin 51 can be engaged in the well 31 of one of the locking blocks 30 in its output position to exert pressure on the pusher 37 corresponding.
  • the device according to the invention can also advantageously involve a reading cell 60 ( FIGS 2 and 8) carried by the telescoping head 21 and able to appreciate the presence of position sensors 61 fitted on the internal walls of the elements. 9, 10 and 11, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the position of the sensors 61 is determined to correspond to the position of the immobilizing parts 40 1 as well as to a position p of maximum retraction and of disablement of the actuator 19.
  • the cell 60 is, moreover, also intended determining the presence of position sensors 62 which are provided to correspond to the immobilizing parts 40 2 . It could obviously be provided intermediate position sensors in relation to the parts 40 3 or with certain positions that can be defined from the part 40 4 .
  • each mobile telescopic element namely 10, 11, 12 cooperates with the corresponding immobilization piece 40 1 carried by the immediately external element, namely 9 for the element 10 respectively. 10 for the element 11 and 11 for the element 12, in a relational situation illustrated in FIG. 5 .
  • the springs 36 of each block 30 press the jaws 35 on either side of the corresponding immobilizing piece 40 which is trapped firmly.
  • each element is immobilized axially with respect to the immediately external element surrounding it and can not be subjected to any sliding backwards, even if the arrow is inclined in elevation, because of the shape of the teeth 41 of the double rack 40 .
  • the telescopic elements are all relatively immobilized in the retracted position and remain immobilized in such a passive safety state since the clamping members 34 are of the tight rest position type.
  • the actuator 19 occupies for example the off position shown in phantom and corresponding to the position sensor p in a state of maximum retraction.
  • the actuator 19 is controlled so as to move the telescoping head 21 to the level of the corresponding locking block 30 which is detected by the reading of the position sensor 61 carried by the telescopic element 12.
  • the jack 52 When the telescoping head 21 places the pin 51 in line with the locking block 30, the jack 52 is energized so as to cause the extension stroke of the pin 51 which is thus caused to penetrate into the well 31. action results in temporarily coupling the head 21 with the block 30 and, consequently, to link the actuator 19 with the extreme telescopic element 12.
  • the supply of the jack 52 is ensured so that the extension of the spindle 51 occurs over a length such that the latter presses on the actuating face 37 2 of the pusher 37 which controls, against the counteracting action of the springs 36, separating the jaws 35 releasing the immobilizing piece 40 .
  • the pin 51 temporarily secures the actuator 19 and the movable member to move, and in a second step, releases the latter relative to the immediately outside element with respect to which it was immobilized.
  • the actuator 19 is then controlled to be moved, for example, in the direction of the arrow f 1 (FIG 2) according to the sequence taken into account, so that its extension causes the displacement in the same direction of the element. mobile 12 which is telescoped in the output position.
  • the supply or control of the actuator 19 occurs until the cell 60 detects the position of the sensor 62 carried by the element 11.
  • the cylinder 52 is energized to cause the retraction of the pin 51 .
  • the actuator 52 may be of the single direction, as illustrated in the drawing or of the double effect. It can of course be implemented any type of engine capable of performing the same function.
  • the retraction of the spindle 51 causes, at first, a shrinkage sufficient to release the stress applied to the pusher 37 which can thus be erased to make predominant the actions of the springs 36 causing the closure and clamping of the jaws 35 on the workpiece 40 2 immobilization presented facing the element 11 in this case ( Figure 10 ).
  • the retraction stroke of the spindle 51 produces, in a second time and after complete retraction, uncoupling relative to the locking block 30, so that the temporary connection between the telescoping head 21 and said block is broken.
  • the telescoped element output in this case the element 12, is again immobilized relative to the element surrounding it, in this case 11, while the actuator 19 is uncoupled and it can be controlled in reverse order to regain the position p.
  • the proposal according to the invention clearly makes it possible to simplify the locking, loading and actuating means by making a dual function assume each of them and in particular to the pin 51, while respecting in all the sequences that to unfold, a positive security automatically intervening
  • the block 30 is mounted floating in or on the telescopic element which carries it.
  • a floating assembly can for example be established as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 by providing the block with grooves 63 intended to cooperate with a housing 64 formed in the corresponding telescopic element so as to leave a clearance J transverse to the longitudinal axis y-y '.
  • Such a floating assembly has the advantage of allowing a cooperative adaptation between the members 30 and 40 and 30 and 50 despite the possible lateral deflections of the telescopic elements.
  • the head 37 3 include a finger 37 4 or the like which is adapted to cooperate, in the unlocked position of the jaws 38 with a complementary groove 65 hollowed out longitudinally in the upper face. from room 40 ( Fig. 11 ).
  • Figs. 4, 6, 7, 12 and 13 show that according to another advantageous arrangement, it may be provided to provide each block 30 with means immobilizing the jaws against any opening movement other than that controlled by the pushers 37.
  • it is provided to surround the two jaws 35 by two half-rings 66, disposed in the block 30 with the interposition of springs 67 urging them to engage the jaws by shoulders 68 they form vis-à-vis.
  • Each half-band comprises at least one spur 69 having an inclined ramp 70 placed in vertical cooperation relation with at least one complementary projection 71 that has the head 37 3 .
  • the projection 71 acts on the ramp 70 which pushes the half-band to release the subsequent displacement in opening of the jaws 35 under the action of the head 37 3 .
  • Fig. 14 shows an alternative embodiment in which the actuator 19 is constituted by a worm 80 which is connected by means of a geared motor unit 81 to the fixed part 20 which can then advantageously constitute a bearing for the one end of the screw, the other of which is mounted in a housing 82 carried by the foot 24 .
  • the telescoping head 21 then constitutes a threaded body 83 cooperating with the worm 80 and which is immobilized in rotation for example between guides 84 linking the fixed bearing 20 to the housing 82.
  • Fig. 15 shows another variant embodiment in which the actuator 19 is constituted by an endless chain 90 carried by sprockets 91 and 92 , one of which is said to be a reference and the other of which is said to be driven because of its connection with a motor member 93 such as a hydraulic or electric geared motor.
  • a motor member 93 such as a hydraulic or electric geared motor.
  • the pinions 91 and 92 are preferably carried by a beam-frame 94 meeting the above requirements of securing with the fixed point 20 and guiding relative displacement with respect to the element 12 by means of the foot 24, or from the rollers 25.
  • the telescoping head 21 can then be advantageously constituted only by the body 53 of the motor unit actuating the pin 51.
  • each member 51 in the form of a telescopic ram with two rods, one assuming the coupling function and the other the control function of the pushers 37.
  • An example of embodiment is shown in FIG. 16 that the body 53 defines a cylinder 95 containing a piston 96 extended by a rod 97 to enter the well 31 to assume the function of coupling with the block 30.
  • the rod 97 defines a cylinder 98 containing a secondary piston 99 extended by a rod 100 charged to act on the face 37 2 of the pusher 37.
  • FIG. 16 shows in thick dashed lines that the cylinders 95 and 98 can be double-acting cylinders.

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  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative au domaine technique des flèches télescopiques de grues, qu'elles soient installées à poste fixe ou portées par des structures mobiles automotrices ou non.The present invention relates to the technical field of arrows telehandlers of cranes, whether installed in a fixed position or carried by self-propelled mobile structures or not.

Dans le domaine technique ci-dessus, les flèches télescopiques sont le plus généralement montées sur une tourelle orientable en azimut par rapport à une structure porteuse et sur laquelle tourelle se trouve articulée en site, une flèche constituée par au moins trois éléments distincts télescopiques.In the technical field above, the telescopic arrows are the most generally mounted on an orientable turret in azimuth with respect to a support structure and on which turret is articulated in site, an arrow constituted by at least three distinct telescopic elements.

Le premier élément est dit de base et se trouve généralement lié à l'axe d'articulation en site, le second élément est dit intermédiaire et le troisième est dit externe et porte le plus souvent au moins une poulie de tête de flèche. Ces trois éléments sont destinés à permettre le réglage de longueur de la flèche, de manière à faire varier la distance ou portée entre l'axe de réglage en site et la poulie de tête de flèche sur laquelle est guidé et infléchi un câble enroulé ou déroulé à partir d'un treuil de base pour faire varier la hauteur d'une charge suspendue à la partie du câble s'étendant au-delà de la poulie de tête de flèche.The first element is called basic and is usually linked to the axis of articulation in site, the second element is said intermediate and the third is said external and usually carries at least one arrow head pulley. These three elements are intended to allow the adjustment of the length of the boom so as to vary the distance or range between the adjustment axis in site and the head pulley of arrow on which is guided and inflected cable wrapped or unrolled from a winch base to vary the height of a load suspended at the cable portion extending beyond the boom head pulley.

Dans un premier temps, la mise en oeuvre d'une flèche du type ci-dessus prévoyait l'existence de moyens techniques à même de rendre possible le télescopage sous charge, de façon à pouvoir offrir une possibilité de réglage de portée par rapport à l'aplomb d'un point déterminé en relation duquel la charge devait être montée, descendue, posée ou enlevée.At first, the implementation of an arrow of the type above provided for the existence of technical means capable of making telescoping possible under load, so as to be able to provide range adjustment capability in line with a certain point in relation to which the load was to be mounted, lowered, posed or removed.

Pour assumer une telle fonction, il était nécessaire de prévoir des moyens de glissement relatif entre les éléments télescopiques pour absorber les contraintes lors du télescopage sous charge et de mettre en oeuvre des moyens de télescopage particulièrement puissants pour combattre les frottements induits par le glissement sous charge.To assume such a function, it was necessary to provide means of relative sliding between the telescopic elements to absorb the stresses during telescoping under load and implement telescoping means particularly powerful at combating friction caused by slippage under charge.

De tels moyens sont particulièrement onéreux, doivent être conçus de façon très robuste et faire l'objet d'un entretien très soigné pour que la fonction essentielle première puisse être assumée en toute sécurité. De surcroít, de tels moyens représentent une masse importante qui grève les capacités fonctionnelles de la flèche.Such means are particularly expensive, must be designed so very robust and be very carefully maintained so that the essential function first can be assumed safely. In addition, such means represent a large mass that strikes the functional abilities of the arrow.

Depuis quelque temps, il est recherché de pouvoir privilégier un télescopage préalable hors charge en laissant la possibilité de procéder à un télescopage sous charge sur la course d'un élément. En effet, une telle méthode permet d'installer une puissance de télescopage qui permet la mise à longueur de la flèche à vide en gardant la possibilité de modifier cette longueur avec une charge réduite, sur la course d'un seul élément. Cette méthode présente l'avantage de ne pas solliciter les organes de verrouillage-déverrouillage.Since some time, it is sought to be able to privilege a telescoping beforehand, leaving the possibility of telescoping under load on the stroke of an element. Indeed, such a method makes it possible to install a telescoping power which allows the emptying of the boom to the ability to change this length with a reduced load, on the run of a only element. This method has the advantage of not soliciting the organs of locking and unlocking.

Cette technique consiste à apprécier a priori la portée devant être conférée à la flèche pour qu'elle puisse, à partir de son site d'implantation, atteindre l'aplomb du point de prise en charge ou de dépose, voire le lieu géométrique, par exemple pour partie circulaire, que ce point est susceptible de suivre puis ensuite à ajuster la longueur de flèche.This technique consists of appreciating a priori the scope to be conferred on the arrow so that it can, from its site of implantation, reach the point of support or removal, or even the locus of geometry, for example to circular part, that this point is likely to follow and then to adjust the arrow length.

Pour que ces techniques puissent être mises en oeuvre, il est prévu de disposer à l'intérieur d'une flèche télescopique un actionneur à déplacement rectiligne alternatif qui est, par exemple, lié à l'élément de base et rendu mobile relativement par rapport à l'élément extrême.In order for these techniques to be implemented, it is planned to arrange a straight-moving actuator inside a telescopic boom alternative that is, for example, linked to the base element and made relatively mobile by compared to the extreme element.

De façon générale, un tel actionneur est constitué par un vérin hydraulique du type à double effet et à course unique prédéterminée qui correspond généralement à la course de rentrée ou de sortie la plus longue que peut effectuer l'un quelconque des éléments mobiles, hormis bien évidemment l'élément de base considéré comme fixe.In general, such an actuator is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder of the double-acting type and predetermined single stroke which generally corresponds the longest reentry or exit run that any of the mobile elements, except of course the basic element considered as fixed.

Les moyens techniques ci-dessus doivent répondre à deux exigences de base.The above technical means must meet two basic requirements.

La première est celle de pouvoir maintenir verrouillés les éléments télescopiques entre eux en position rentrée ou en position sortie.The first is to be able to keep locked the elements telescopic between them in the retracted position or in the extended position.

La seconde est la nécessité de pouvoir prendre en charge sélectivement l'un quelconque des éléments télescopiques pour en assurer la désolidarisation par rapport à la position qu'il occupe puis, ensuite, l'entraínement vers la nouvelle position recherchée au droit de laquelle un nouveau verrouillage doit intervenir.The second is the need to be able to selectively support one any telescopic elements to ensure separation from the position he occupies and then the training to the new position sought by which a new lock must occur.

Pour mettre en oeuvre ce principe, la technique antérieure connaít différentes propositions.To implement this principle, the prior art knows different proposals.

Il est possible de citer la demande EP 0 476 225 qui évoque la mise en oeuvre d'une tête de télescopage portée par l'actionneur et à même de faire rentrer et sortir des blocs de verrouillage par rapport à des logements complémentaires présentés par les extrémités internes des éléments télescopiques qui sont, par ailleurs, liés entre eux dans la position rentrée par d'autres organes à commande sélective dont il convient d'assurer l'actionnement synchronisé.It is possible to quote the application EP 0 476 225 which mentions the implementation of of a telescoping head carried by the actuator and able to return and remove locking blocks from complementary dwellings presented by the inner ends of the telescopic elements which are, moreover, linked to each other in the retracted position by other selectively synchronized operation should be ensured.

Un tel document ne semble pas évoquer de manière précise de quelle façon s'établit un verrouillage des éléments en position sortie.Such a document does not seem to specifically mention how locks the elements in the extended position.

Il doit de toute façon être remarqué que cette technologie fait intervenir des séries d'organes de verrouillage et de prise en charge qui se superposent et doivent faire l'objet d'alimentation énergétique à base de fluide sous pression dont la distribution doit être parfaitement synchronisée pour obtenir le résultat recherché qui passe, par exemple, lors d'un télescopage en sortie, obligatoirement par le respect d'une séquence de prise en charge de l'élément concerné, puis de déverrouillage de cet élément avant d'engager son coulissement relatif jusqu'à la position nouvelle où un verrouillage doit être réétabli.In any case, it must be noted that this technology involves series of locking and handling devices that overlap and must to be subjected to an energy supply based on pressurized fluid whose distribution must be perfectly synchronized to achieve the desired result that pass, for example, during a telescoping out, necessarily by the respect a sequence of support for the element concerned, then unlocking the this element before engaging its relative sliding to the new position where a lock must be re-established.

Il peut être cité également la demande allemande DE 43 44 795 dans laquelle il est prévu, entre l'actionneur et chacun des éléments télescopiques, des moyens de prise en charge du même ordre que la demande précédente et des moyens de verrouillage qui sont constitués par l'engagement de broches devant être commandées séparément en course d'effacement ou de retrait pour libérer un élément par rapport à un autre.The German application DE 43 44 795 in which between the actuator and each of the telescopic elements, means are provided for support in the same order as the previous request and means of locking which consist of the engagement of pins to be ordered separately in erasure or retraction stroke to release an element with respect to another.

Une telle technologie, qui peut apparaítre moins lourde techniquement que celle de la demande précédente, implique toutefois de mettre en oeuvre toujours deux types d'organes de commande capables d'assurer sélectivement la fonction de liaison entre l'actionneur et l'un quelconque des éléments à déplacer et la désolidarisation dudit élément à déplacer par rapport au suivant.Such technology, which may appear to be less technically that of the previous application, however, involves always implementing two types of control devices capable of selectively providing the link function between the actuator and any of the elements to be moved and the uncoupling said element to move relative to the next.

Une telle exigence implique l'établissement de circuits de commande spécifique et la présence d'organes mobiles propres à chacune des fonctions, de sorte qu'au total le dispositif de télescopage se trouve onéreux d'implantation, de mise en service et d'entretien, sans qu'il puisse être mis en avant un réel gain de poids ou de masse par rapport à la solution selon la demande EP 0 476 225.Such a requirement involves the establishment of control circuits and the presence of movable organs specific to each function, so that in total the telescoping device is expensive to implement, to implement service and maintenance, without it being possible to put forward a real gain in weight or mass with respect to the solution according to the application EP 0 476 225.

L'objet de l'invention vise à proposer une nouvelle technique de télescopage et des nouveaux moyens de mise en oeuvre, de façon à pouvoir réaliser en toute sécurité les fonctions ci-dessus à partir d'un équipement réduit en poids. Un objet de l'invention est de pouvoir transférer, au bénéfice de la réalisation de la flèche, le gain de poids ainsi obtenu afin de renforcer l'efficacité de cette dernière sans qu'au total la masse globale puisse être considérée comme changée au point de réduire les capacités fonctionnelles.The object of the invention is to propose a new telescoping technique and new means of implementation, so that it can be carried out in all Safety the above functions from equipment reduced in weight. An object of the invention is to be able to transfer, for the benefit of the realization of the arrow, the gain of weight thus obtained in order to reinforce the effectiveness of the latter without altogether overall mass can be considered changed to the point of reducing the functional.

L'objet de l'invention est de proposer une nouvelle technique et de nouveaux moyens de mise en oeuvre qui permettent de réaliser, à partir de la combinaison de deux moyens techniques coopérant l'un avec l'autre, les deux fonctions qui, d'une part, sont la prise en charge ou l'accouplement temporaire entre l'actionneur et l'un des éléments télescopiques à déplacer et, d'autre part, le déverrouillage de ce dernier par rapport à l'élément qui l'entoure pour autoriser son déplacement relatif et, inversement, les fonctions contraires lorsqu'il convient d'immobiliser dans la nouvelle position recherchée l'un quelconque des éléments déplacé afin d'autoriser ensuite son désaccouplement par rapport à l'actionneur.The object of the invention is to propose a new technique and new means of implementation which make it possible to achieve, from the combination of two technical means cooperating with each other, the two functions which, are the support or the temporary coupling between the actuator and the telescopic elements to be moved and, on the other hand, the unlocking of the latter relative to the surrounding element to allow relative movement and, conversely, the opposite functions when it is appropriate to immobilize in the new desired position any of the elements moved in order to then allow his uncoupling from the actuator.

Pour atteindre les objectifs ci-dessus, le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à :

  • mettre en oeuvre sur chaque élément, hormis celui de base, un bloc de verrouillage incluant un organe de serrage à position de repos serrée
  • faire coopérer l'organe de serrage de chaque bloc avec l'une au moins de pièces d'immobilisation, à position fixe, appartenant à l'élément concentrique extérieur à celui portant le bloc
  • faire porter à l'actionneur un seul organe de prise en charge ou d'accouplement temporaire et de desserrage positif à même d'agir sélectivement sur chacun des blocs de verrouillage
    • par action positive pour, d'une part, lier ledit actionneur audit bloc et, d'autre part, neutraliser l'action de l'organe de serrage sur la pièce d'immobilisation.
    • par retrait-effacement pour, d'une part, immobiliser ledit bloc relativement à la pièce de serrage et, d'autre part, libérer l'actionneur par rapport audit bloc
To achieve the above objectives, the method according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of:
  • implement on each element, except the basic one, a locking block including a tightening member with a rest position
  • cooperating the clamping member of each block with at least one immobilization piece, with a fixed position, belonging to the concentric element external to that carrying the block
  • bringing to the actuator a single support member or temporary coupling and positive release able to act selectively on each of the locking blocks
    • by positive action to, firstly, bind said actuator to said block and, secondly, neutralize the action of the clamping member on the immobilizing piece.
    • by removal-erasure for, firstly, immobilizing said block relative to the clamping piece and, secondly, releasing the actuator relative to said block

L'objet de l'invention vise également une flèche de grue comprenant un dispositif de télescopage à même de mettre en oeuvre le procédé ci-dessus, un tel dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que

  • les organes de verrouillage sont constitués par :
    • un bloc de verrouillage porté par chaque élément, hormis celui de base, et incluant un organe de serrage à position de repos serrée.
    • au moins une pièce d'immobilisation, à position fixe, appartenant à l'élément extérieur concentrique à celui portant un bloc et destiné à coopérer avec l'organe de serrage dudit bloc,
  • et les moyens d'actionnement de l'actionneur comprennent un seul organe apte à
    • prendre en charge sélectivement l'un quelconque des blocs pour accoupler temporairement l'actionneur à l'élément portant ledit bloc,
    • neutraliser, par action positive, l'organe de serrage dudit bloc pour le libérer par rapport à la pièce d'immobilisation.
The object of the invention also relates to a crane boom comprising a telescoping device capable of implementing the above method, such a device being characterized in that
  • the locking members are constituted by:
    • a locking block carried by each element, except that of the base, and including a tightening member with a rest position.
    • at least one fixed-position immobilizing piece belonging to the outer element concentric to that bearing a block and intended to cooperate with the clamping member of said block,
  • and the means for actuating the actuator comprise a single member adapted to
    • selectively support any one of the blocks for temporarily coupling the actuator to the element carrying said block,
    • neutralize, by positive action, the clamping member of said block to release it relative to the immobilizing part.

L'invention a encore pour objet une flèche faisant application des moyens précédents.The subject of the invention is also an arrow making use of the means precedents.

Diverses autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description faite ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés qui montrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, des formes de réalisation et de mise en oeuvre de l'objet de l'invention.

  • La fig. 1 est une vue schématique illustrant un exemple de flèche concernée par les moyens selon l'invention.
  • La fig. 2 est une coupe-élévation schématique d'une flèche télescopique selon l'invention.
  • La fig. 3 est une perspective partielle, à plus grande échelle, illustrant un détail constructif.
  • La fig. 4 est une perspective mettant plus en évidence le détail selon la fig. 3.
  • La fig. 5 est une coupe-élévation partielle prise, à échelle différente, selon le plan V-V de la fig. 4.
  • La fig. 6 est une perspective partielle analogue à la fig. 4.
  • La fig. 7 est une perspective partielle encore plus dépouillée, selon la fig. 6.
  • La fig. 8 est une coupe transversale schématique, partielle, montrant à plus grande échelle, certains détails caractéristiques.
  • La fig. 9 est une perspective montrant, à échelle différente, un détail constructif.
  • La fig. 10 est une élévation schématique, à plus petite échelle, illustrant une position fonctionnelle.
  • La fig. 11 est une coupe-élévation correspondant à la fig. 5 mais montrant une autre position caractéristique.
  • La fig. 12 est une coupe-élévation prise sensiblement selon le plan XII-XII de la fig. 4.
  • La fig. 13 est une perspective partielle d'un organe d'une variante constructive.
  • Les fig. 14 et 15 sont des coupes-élévations schématiques analogues à la fig. 2 mais illustrant deux variantes de réalisation.
  • La fig. 16 est une coupe-élévation partielle montrant, à différente échelle, une variante de réalisation de l'un des éléments constitutifs du dispositif de l'invention.
  • Various other characteristics appear from the description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings which show, by way of non-limiting examples, embodiments and implementation of the subject of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example of an arrow concerned by the means according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic elevation of a telescopic boom according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial perspective, on a larger scale, illustrating a constructive detail.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective more highlighting the detail according to FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 5 is a partial sectional elevation taken, on a different scale, according to the plane VV of FIG. 4 .
  • Fig. 6 is a partial perspective similar to FIG. 4 .
  • Fig. 7 is a partial perspective even more stripped, according to FIG. 6 .
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic, partial cross section showing on a larger scale, some characteristic details.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective showing, on a different scale, a constructive detail.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic elevation, on a smaller scale, illustrating a functional position.
  • Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation corresponding to FIG. 5 but showing another characteristic position.
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional elevation taken substantially along the plane XII-XII of FIG. 4 .
  • Fig. 13 is a partial perspective of an organ of a constructive variant.
  • Figs. 14 and 15 are schematic elevational sections similar to FIG. 2 but illustrating two variants.
  • Fig. 16 is a partial sectional elevation showing, on different scales, an alternative embodiment of one of the constituent elements of the device of the invention.
  • La fig. 1 montre un exemple d'application de l'objet de l'invention à une grue du type mobile et automotrice. Un tel exemple n'est fourni qu'à titre illustratif, car l'objet de l'invention pourrait être mis en oeuvre tout aussi bien sur une grue installée à poste fixe, voire sur une installation analogue. Fig. 1 shows an example of application of the object of the invention to a crane of the mobile and self-propelled type. Such an example is provided for illustrative purposes, because the object of the invention could be implemented just as well on a crane installed at a fixed position, or even on a similar installation.

    La grue selon la fig. 1 comprend une plate-forme ou un châssis 1 porté par des organes de roulement 2 constitués, par exemple de façon connue, par plusieurs trains motodirecteurs. La plate-forme ou châssis 1 comporte une cabine de conduite 3 abritant un ou plusieurs groupes moteurs et/ou propulseurs. Des stabilisateurs latéraux 4 sont prévus sur le châssis 1, sensiblement au droit des parties avant et arrière, pour conférer une assiette stable lors de la mise en service de la grue.The crane according to fig. 1 comprises a platform or a chassis 1 carried by rolling members 2 constituted, for example in a known manner, by several motor-gear trains. The platform or chassis 1 comprises a driving cabin 3 housing one or more engines and / or thrusters. Side stabilizers 4 are provided on the chassis 1, substantially in front of the front and rear portions, to provide a stable attitude when commissioning the crane.

    La plate-forme 1 comporte également une tourelle 5 qui est orientable en azimut sur un axe vertical x-x'. Cette tourelle 5 porte, par un axe d'articulation horizontal 6, une flèche 7 qui est orientable en site par l'intermédiaire d'un vérin 8.The platform 1 also comprises a turret 5 which is orientable in azimuth on a vertical axis x-x ' . This turret 5 carries, by a horizontal axis of articulation 6, an arrow 7 which is orientable in site by means of a jack 8 .

    La flèche 7 est constituée par des éléments télescopiques, par exemple au nombre de quatre, dont le premier 9, dit de base, est directement porté par l'axe 6. Les éléments 10 et 11 sont dits intermédiaires, alors que l'élément 12 est dit extrême et porte au moins une poulie de tête de flèche 13.The arrow 7 is constituted by telescopic elements, for example four in number, the first 9, said base, is directly carried by the axis 6. The elements 10 and 11 are called intermediate, while the element 12 is said to be extreme and carries at least one arrow head pulley 13 .

    La flèche 7 est complétée par au moins un câble ou analogue 14 enroulé et/ou déroulé à partir d'un treuil 15 et passant sur la poulie 13 au-delà de laquelle un tel câble assure la suspension d'une charge 16. The arrow 7 is completed by at least one cable or the like 14 wound and / or unwound from a winch 15 and passing over the pulley 13 beyond which such a cable ensures the suspension of a load 16 .

    La tourelle 5 est, par ailleurs, équipée d'une cabine 18 dite de flèche qui permet la manoeuvre des moyens d'actionnement de cette dernière tel que le vérin 8, le treuil 15, ainsi qu'un moyen de télescopage 19 inclus à la flèche 7 et représenté en traits mixtes à la fig 1. The turret 5 is, moreover, equipped with a cabin 18 called boom which allows the operation of the actuating means of the latter such as the cylinder 8, the winch 15, and a telescoping means 19 included in the arrow 7 and shown in phantom in FIG.

    Un moyen de télescopage tel que 19 doit être considéré dans l'absolu comme relevant de la technique connue, alors que les moyens selon l'invention sont prévus pour rendre possible, à partir d'un tel moyen de télescopage 19, la rentrée et la sortie individuelle de chacun des éléments télescopiques mobiles, savoir 10, 11, 12 et l'immobilisation de chacun d'eux dans une position sortie et dans la position rentrée.A telescoping means such as 19 must be considered in absolute terms as falling within the known art, whereas the means according to the invention are provided to make possible, from such telescoping means 19, the re-entry and the individual output of each of the mobile telescopic elements, namely 10, 11, 12 and the immobilization of each of them in an extended position and in the retracted position.

    Les moyens selon l'invention font intervenir un dispositif qui est à même de permettre la mise en oeuvre du procédé de télescopage selon l'invention tel qu'il est décrit ci-après en référence notamment à la fig. 2.The means according to the invention involve a device which is able to allow the implementation of the telescoping method according to the invention as described below with reference in particular to FIG. 2 .

    Un tel dispositif comprend, tout d'abord, l'actionneur 19 qui est constitué de façon à posséder, d'une part, un point d'appui 20 en relation avec l'élément de base 9 et, d'autre part, un élément mobile 21 capable d'être animé d'un déplacement en course rectiligne alternative parallèlement à l'axe Y-Y' de la flèche. De préférence, l'actionneur 19 est aligné sur un tel axe.Such a device comprises, first of all, the actuator 19 which is constituted so as to have, on the one hand, a fulcrum 20 in relation to the base element 9 and, on the other hand, a movable member 21 capable of being animated by a movement in rectilinear reciprocating stroke parallel to the axis YY 'of the arrow. Preferably, the actuator 19 is aligned on such an axis.

    Dans un exemple de réalisation, l'actionneur 19 est constitué par un vérin hydraulique du type à double effet, à un seul étage ou à une seule course, dont la tige 22 est solidaire du point d'appui 20, tandis que le corps 23 est lié à l'élément mobile 21 et se trouve adapté pour être porté, avec possibilité de déplacement relatif guidé, par l'élément extrême 12. Une telle possibilité peut, par exemple, être assurée par l'intermédiaire d'un pied 24 pourvu de rouleaux ou analogues 25 susceptibles de coopérer avec une voie de guidage non représentée.In an exemplary embodiment, the actuator 19 is constituted by a hydraulic jack of the double-acting type, single-stage or single-stroke, the rod 22 is integral with the fulcrum 20, while the body 23 is connected to the movable element 21 and is adapted to be worn, with possibility of relative guided displacement, by the end element 12. Such a possibility can, for example, be provided by means of a foot 24 provided rollers or the like 25 capable of cooperating with a guideway not shown.

    La mise en oeuvre d'un actionneur 19 du type ci-dessus peut être considérée, bien que sa position soit inversée, comme ne posant aucun problème d'alimentation hydraulique pour l'homme du métier et c'est la raison pour laquelle les canalisations d'alimentation des deux chambres d'un tel vérin ne sont pas illustrées aux dessins.The implementation of an actuator 19 of the above type can be considered, although its position is reversed, as not posing any hydraulic supply problem for the skilled person and this is the reason for which the pipes supply of the two chambers of such a jack are not illustrated in the drawings.

    De même, il n'est pas pris en compte la représentation des coussinets ou autres cales ou patins de support et de guidage en coulissement relatif, interposés entre les différents éléments mobiles relativement tels que 12, 11 et 10 par rapport notamment à l'élément de base 9. Similarly, it does not take into account the representation of bearings or other shims or support pads and guide relative sliding, interposed between the various relatively movable elements such as 12, 11 and 10 with respect in particular to the element basic 9 .

    Dans l'exemple illustré, l'élément mobile 21 est constitué par une tête de télescopage qui est avantageusement intégrée au palier du corps de vérin 23 à l'opposé du fond de ce dernier.In the illustrated example, the movable member 21 is constituted by a telescoping head which is advantageously integrated with the bearing of the cylinder body 23 opposite the bottom of the latter.

    Le dispositif de télescopage selon l'invention comprend, par ailleurs, d'une part, des organes de verrouillage entre les éléments télescopiques pour les immobiliser relativement en positions rentrée et sortie et, d'autre part, des moyens portés par l'actionneur pour commander ces organes.The telescoping device according to the invention comprises, moreover, a on the other hand, locking elements between the telescopic elements to immobilize them relatively in in and out positions and, on the other hand, means carried by the actuator to control these organs.

    Sur la base des fig. 2 à 7, il apparaít que les organes de verrouillage font intervenir un bloc de verrouillage 30 porté par la partie terminale intérieure de chaque élément télescopique 10, 11, 12. Chaque bloc de verrouillage 30 définit, comme cela ressort des fig. 3 et 4, un puits 31 s'ouvrant à partir de la face supérieure 32 du bloc 30 et débouchant dans une cage 33 contenant un organe de serrage 34 à position de repos serrée constitué par deux mâchoires 35 qui sont sollicitées toujours en direction l'une de l'autre par des organes élastiques 36 (Fig. 5). Les mâchoires 35 sont disposées en vis-à-vis par des faces actives en regard qui sont situées de part et d'autre d'un plan médian longitudinal P-P' passant par l'axe Y-Y'.On the basis of figs. 2 to 7 , it appears that the locking members involve a locking block 30 carried by the inner end portion of each telescopic member 10, 11 , 12. Each locking block 30 defines, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a well 31 opening from the upper face 32 of the block 30 and opening into a cage 33 containing a clamping member 34 with a tight rest position consisting of two jaws 35 which are always biased towards the one of the other by elastic members 36 (Figure 5). The jaws 35 are arranged vis-a-vis by facing active faces which are situated on either side of a longitudinal median plane PP 'passing through the axis Y-Y'.

    Chaque bloc 30 comprend également un poussoir 37 destiné à coopérer avec les mâchoires 35. Le poussoir 37 comprend à cette fin une queue 37 1 guidée dans le puits 31 et dont la face d'actionnement 37 2 est orientée en direction de la face 32. La queue 37 1 est prolongée par une tête 37 3 disposée dans la cage 33 pour coopérer par des faces inclinées 38 avec des rampes 39 que présentent en vis-à-vis les mâchoires 35.Each block 30 also comprises a pusher 37 intended to cooperate with the jaws 35. The pusher 37 comprises for this purpose a shank 37 1 guided in the well 31 and whose actuating face 37 2 is oriented towards the face 32. The shank 37 1 is extended by a head 37 3 disposed in the cage 33 to cooperate by inclined faces 38 with ramps 39 that have the jaws 35 facing each other.

    Selon une caractéristique constructive, mise en évidence par la fig. 8, tous les organes de verrouillage 30, tels que décrits ci-dessus, des éléments télescopiques, sont organisés de manière que les faces d'actionnement 37 2 des poussoirs 37 soient alignées selon une ligne ou un plan tel que L qui est parallèle à l'axe y-y'.According to a constructive characteristic, highlighted by FIG. 8, all the locking members 30, as described above, telescopic elements, are organized so that the actuating faces 37 2 of the pushers 37 are aligned along a line or a plane such that L which is parallel to the y-y 'axis.

    A cette fin et en raison du décalage existant entre la position de chacun des blocs de verrouillage 30 et dû à la différence de section des éléments 10, 11,12 les portant, les poussoirs 37 pourvus d'une queue 37 1 de longueur telle que la face 37 2 de chacune s'établisse dans le plan ou sur la ligne L dans la position de serrage de la pince 34 tel que cela ressort de ce qui suit. For this purpose and because of the difference existing between the position of each of the locking blocks 30 and due to the difference in section of the elements 10, 11,12 carrying them, the pushers 37 provided with a shank 37 1 of length such that the face 37 2 of each is established in the plane or on the line L in the clamping position of the clamp 34 as is apparent from the following.

    Chaque organe de verrouillage comprend, par ailleurs, au moins une pièce d'immobilisation 40 à position fixe qui appartient à l'élément télescopique entourant extérieurement celui portant le bloc de verrouillage 30 avec lequel il doit coopérer.Each locking member further comprises at least one immobilization piece 40 with a fixed position which belongs to the telescopic element externally surrounding the one carrying the locking block 30 with which it must cooperate.

    Une telle pièce d'immobilisation 40 est, par exemple, avantageusement constituée par un segment de profilé destiné à être emprisonné et serré par les faces en vis-à-vis des mâchoires 35. Pour améliorer cette fonction, les faces en vis-à-vis des mâchoires 35 sont avantageusement conformées d'une manière conjuguée aux flancs de la pièce 40 sur lesquels les mâchoires 35 sont pressées par les ressorts 36. Avantageusement, tel que cela ressort de la fig. 9, la pièce 40 est constituée sous la forme d'une double crémaillère à dents asymétriques 41 formées en opposition sur les deux bords longitudinaux de la pièce. Les dents asymétriques possèdent chacune une face 42 sensiblement orthogonale à l'axe longitudinal de la pièce 40 et une face 43 inclinée La pièce 40 est portée par l'élément télescopique de manière que les faces 42 soient orientées en direction de la tête de flèche. En raison de cette forme en double crémaillère, les faces en regard des mâchoires 35 sont pourvues de conformations complémentaires 44 conjuguées aux dents 41 (fig. 7). Pour assurer le passage de la pièce 40, chaque bloc 30 possède dans sa partie basse une saignée 45 (fig. 4). Such an immobilizing piece 40 is, for example, advantageously constituted by a profile segment intended to be imprisoned and clamped by the faces facing the jaws 35 . To improve this function, the faces facing the jaws 35 are advantageously shaped in a manner conjugated to the flanks of the part 40 on which the jaws 35 are pressed by the springs 36. Advantageously, as is apparent from FIG. fig. 9, the piece 40 is formed in the form of a double rack with asymmetric teeth 41 formed in opposition on the two longitudinal edges of the piece. The asymmetrical teeth each have a face 42 substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece 40 and an inclined face 43 The workpiece 40 is carried by the telescopic element so that the faces 42 are oriented in the direction of the boom head. Because of this double rack form, the opposite faces of the jaws 35 are provided with complementary conformations 44 conjugated to the teeth 41 (FIG 7). To ensure the passage of the piece 40, each block 30 has in its lower part a groove 45 (Figure 4).

    Chaque pièce 40 est fixée à l'élément télescopique qui lui correspond pour déterminer, lors de la coopération avec le bloc 30 correspondant de l'élément télescopique qui lui est interne, une position fixe. Ainsi, comme cela est illustré par la fig. 2, chaque élément 9, 10 et 11 possède intérieurement deux pièces d'immobilisation 40 définissant deux positions de coopération pour le bloc d'immobilisation 30 correspondant de l'élément immédiatement interne soit respectivement 10, 11 et 12. Ces deux positions correspondent respectivement à la position rentrée déterminée par la pièce d'immobilisation 40 1 et à une position de sortie déterminée par la pièce d'immobilisation 40 2 .Each piece 40 is fixed to the corresponding telescopic element to determine, when cooperating with the corresponding block 30 of the telescopic element which is internal to it, a fixed position. Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 2, each element 9, 10 and 11 internally has two immobilization pieces 40 defining two cooperation positions for the corresponding immobilization block 30 of the immediately internal element, respectively 10 , 11 and 12. These two positions respectively correspond to the retracted position determined by the immobilizing part 40 1 and at an output position determined by the immobilizing part 40 2 .

    Il doit être considéré, au sens de l'invention, que chaque élément 9, 10 ou 11 peut aussi comporter d'autres pièces d'immobilisation telles que 40 3 destinées à déterminer chacune une position intermédiaire.It should be considered, within the meaning of the invention, that each element 9, 10 or 11 may also comprise other immobilization parts such as 40 3 intended to determine each an intermediate position.

    La fig. 8 montre que selon une variante de réalisation, telle qu'illustrée en traits mixtes, la pièce d'immobilisation 40 peut, en réalité, être constituée par un profilé 40 4 ininterrompu courant sur toute la longueur utile de chaque élément 9, 10 ou 11 ou de certains d'entre eux, de manière à définir, comme cela sera mis en évidence ultérieurement, les positions extrêmes de rentrée et de sortie, ainsi que n positions intermédiaires. Dans un tel cas, le profilé 40 4 répond aux dispositions constructives décrites ci-dessus pour la pièce 40. Fig. 8 shows that according to an alternative embodiment, as shown in phantom, the immobilizing piece 40 may, in fact, be constituted by an uninterrupted profile 40 4 running over the entire useful length of each element 9, 10 or 11 or some of them, so as to define, as will be demonstrated later, the extreme positions of re-entry and exit, as well as n intermediate positions. In such a case, the section 40 4 meets the constructive arrangements described above for the piece 40 .

    Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend également des moyens portés par l'actionneur 19 pour commander les organes décrits ci-dessus. De tels moyens, désignés dans leur ensemble par la référence 50 (fig. 2, 5 et 8), sont qualifiés de mobiles et sont prévus en relation avec la tête de télescopage 21 portée par le corps de vérin 23 dans l'exemple illustré. Dans un exemple de réalisation, ces moyens 50 comportent un organe 51 à même d'occuper deux positions relatives sous l'action d'un organe de motorisation 52. La première de ces positions est celle dite d'effacement ou d'escamotage et la seconde est dite de prise en charge ou d'accouplement lorsque l'organe 51 est à même de coopérer avec le bloc de verrouillage 30 de l'un des éléments télescopiques mobiles 10, 11 ou 12. The device according to the invention also comprises means carried by the actuator 19 for controlling the organs described above. Such means, generally designated 50 (Figures 2, 5 and 8), are qualified as mobile and are provided in connection with the telescoping head 21 carried by the cylinder body 23 in the illustrated example. In an exemplary embodiment, these means 50 comprise a member 51 able to occupy two relative positions under the action of a drive member 52. The first of these positions is the so-called erasure or retraction position and the second is said to support or coupling when the member 51 is able to cooperate with the locking block 30 of one of the mobile telescopic elements 10, 11 or 12.

    Selon l'invention, l'organe 51 est aussi destiné à agir sur l'organe de serrage 34 de chaque bloc 30 de manière à neutraliser, par action positive, sa fonction de serrage pour libérer le bloc de verrouillage 30 par rapport à la pièce d'immobilisation 40 avec laquelle il coopère. Ainsi, l'organe 51 est conçu pour assumer deux fonctions qui se déroulent comme décrit dans ce qui suit.According to the invention, the member 51 is also intended to act on the clamping member 34 of each block 30 so as to neutralize, by positive action, its clamping function to release the locking block 30 with respect to the workpiece immobilization 40 with which it cooperates. Thus, the member 51 is designed to perform two functions that take place as described in the following.

    Dans un exemple de réalisation avantageux, l'organe 51 est constitué par une broche formée par exemple par la tige de piston d'un vérin constituant l'organe moteur 52. Dans une telle forme d'exécution, l'organe moteur comporte un corps de vérin 53 qui est fixé sur la tête de télescopage 21 de manière que la broche 51 puisse être engagée dans le puits 31 de l'un des blocs de verrouillage 30 dans sa position de sortie pour exercer une pression sur le poussoir 37 correspondant.In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, the member 51 is constituted by a pin formed for example by the piston rod of a jack constituting the motor member 52 . In such an embodiment, the motor member comprises a cylinder body 53 which is fixed on the telescoping head 21 so that the pin 51 can be engaged in the well 31 of one of the locking blocks 30 in its output position to exert pressure on the pusher 37 corresponding.

    Le dispositif selon l'invention peut également avantageusement faire intervenir une cellule de lecture 60 (fig. 2 et 8) portée par la tête de télescopage 21 et à même d'apprécier la présence de capteurs de position 61 adaptés sur les parois internes des éléments 9, 10 et 11, tel que cela est illustré par la fig. 2. The device according to the invention can also advantageously involve a reading cell 60 ( FIGS 2 and 8) carried by the telescoping head 21 and able to appreciate the presence of position sensors 61 fitted on the internal walls of the elements. 9, 10 and 11, as illustrated in FIG. 2.

    La position des capteurs 61 est déterminée pour correspondre à la position des pièces d'immobilisation 40 1 ainsi qu'à une position p de rétractation maximale et de mise hors service de l'actionneur 19. La cellule 60 est, par ailleurs, également destinée à déterminer la présence de capteurs de position 62 qui sont prévus pour correspondre aux pièces d'immobilisation 40 2. Il pourrait bien évidemment être prévu des capteurs de positions intermédiaires en relation avec les pièces 40 3 ou avec certaines positions pouvant être définies à partir de la pièce 40 4 .The position of the sensors 61 is determined to correspond to the position of the immobilizing parts 40 1 as well as to a position p of maximum retraction and of disablement of the actuator 19. The cell 60 is, moreover, also intended determining the presence of position sensors 62 which are provided to correspond to the immobilizing parts 40 2 . It could obviously be provided intermediate position sensors in relation to the parts 40 3 or with certain positions that can be defined from the part 40 4 .

    Le dispositif décrit ci-dessus permet de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de télescopage qui se déroule selon l'invention de la façon suivante.The device described above makes it possible to implement the method of telescoping which proceeds according to the invention as follows.

    Dans une position de télescopage rentrée, le bloc de verrouillage 30 de chaque élément télescopique mobile, savoir 10, 11, 12 coopère avec la pièce d'immobilisation 40 1 correspondante portée par l'élément immédiatement extérieur, savoir respectivement 9 pour l'élément 10, 10 pour l'élément 11 et 11 pour l'élément 12, dans une situation relationnelle illustrée par la fig. 5. Dans cette position, les ressorts 36 de chaque bloc 30 pressent les mâchoires 35 de part et d'autre de la pièce d'immobilisation 40 correspondante qui est emprisonnée fermement. De la sorte chaque élément est immobilisé axialement par rapport à l'élément immédiatement extérieur l'entourant et ne peut être soumis à un .quelconque glissement en arrière, même si la flèche est inclinée en site, en raison de la forme des dents 41 de la double crémaillère 40.In a retracted telescoping position, the locking block 30 of each mobile telescopic element, namely 10, 11, 12 cooperates with the corresponding immobilization piece 40 1 carried by the immediately external element, namely 9 for the element 10 respectively. 10 for the element 11 and 11 for the element 12, in a relational situation illustrated in FIG. 5 . In this position, the springs 36 of each block 30 press the jaws 35 on either side of the corresponding immobilizing piece 40 which is trapped firmly. In this way each element is immobilized axially with respect to the immediately external element surrounding it and can not be subjected to any sliding backwards, even if the arrow is inclined in elevation, because of the shape of the teeth 41 of the double rack 40 .

    Dans cette situation, les éléments télescopiques sont tous immobilisés relativement en position rentrée et restent immobilisés dans un tel état de sécurité passive étant donné que les organes de serrage 34 sont du type à position de repos serrée.In this situation, the telescopic elements are all relatively immobilized in the retracted position and remain immobilized in such a passive safety state since the clamping members 34 are of the tight rest position type.

    L'actionneur 19 occupe par exemple la position hors service représentée en traits mixtes et correspondant au capteur de position p dans un état de rétractation maximale.The actuator 19 occupies for example the off position shown in phantom and corresponding to the position sensor p in a state of maximum retraction.

    Lorsqu'il convient de procéder au télescopage de sortie, par exemple de l'élément extrême 12, l'actionneur 19 est commandé de manière à déplacer la tête de télescopage 21 jusqu'au niveau du bloc de verrouillage 30 correspondant qui est détecté par la lecture du capteur de position 61 porté par l'élément télescopique 12. When it is necessary to carry out the output telescoping, for example of the end element 12, the actuator 19 is controlled so as to move the telescoping head 21 to the level of the corresponding locking block 30 which is detected by the reading of the position sensor 61 carried by the telescopic element 12.

    Lorsque la tête de télescopage 21 place la broche 51 à l'aplomb du bloc de verrouillage 30, le vérin 52 est alimenté de manière à provoquer la course d'extension de la broche 51 qui est ainsi amenée à pénétrer dans le puits 31. Cette action a pour résultat d'accoupler temporairement la tête 21 avec le bloc 30 et, par suite, de lier l'actionneur 19 avec l'élément télescopique extrême 12. When the telescoping head 21 places the pin 51 in line with the locking block 30, the jack 52 is energized so as to cause the extension stroke of the pin 51 which is thus caused to penetrate into the well 31. action results in temporarily coupling the head 21 with the block 30 and, consequently, to link the actuator 19 with the extreme telescopic element 12.

    L'alimentation du vérin 52 est assurée pour que l'extension de la broche 51 intervienne sur une longueur telle que cette dernière appuie sur la face d'actionnement 37 2 du poussoir 37 qui commande, contre l'action antagoniste des ressorts 36, l'écartement des mâchoires 35 libérant la pièce d'immobilisation 40.The supply of the jack 52 is ensured so that the extension of the spindle 51 occurs over a length such that the latter presses on the actuating face 37 2 of the pusher 37 which controls, against the counteracting action of the springs 36, separating the jaws 35 releasing the immobilizing piece 40 .

    Ainsi, dans un premier temps, la broche 51 solidarise temporairement l'actionneur 19 et l'élément mobile à déplacer, et dans un deuxième temps, libère ce dernier par rapport à l'élément immédiatement extérieur par rapport auquel il était immobilisé.Thus, in a first step, the pin 51 temporarily secures the actuator 19 and the movable member to move, and in a second step, releases the latter relative to the immediately outside element with respect to which it was immobilized.

    L'actionneur 19 est alors commandé pour être déplacé, par exemple, dans le sens de la flèche f 1 (fig. 2) selon la séquence prise en compte, de sorte que son extension entraíne le déplacement dans le même sens de l'élément mobile 12 qui est télescopé en position de sortie. L'alimentation ou la commande de l'actionneur 19 intervient jusqu'au moment où la cellule 60 détecte la position du capteur 62 porté par l'élément 11. Dans cet état, le vérin 52 est alimenté pour provoquer la rétraction de la broche 51. A cet égard, le vérin 52 peut être du type à simple effet, comme illustré au dessin ou encore du type à double effet. Il peut bien entendu être mis en oeuvre tout type de moteur à même d'assurer la même fonction.The actuator 19 is then controlled to be moved, for example, in the direction of the arrow f 1 (FIG 2) according to the sequence taken into account, so that its extension causes the displacement in the same direction of the element. mobile 12 which is telescoped in the output position. The supply or control of the actuator 19 occurs until the cell 60 detects the position of the sensor 62 carried by the element 11. In this state, the cylinder 52 is energized to cause the retraction of the pin 51 . in this regard, the actuator 52 may be of the single direction, as illustrated in the drawing or of the double effect. It can of course be implemented any type of engine capable of performing the same function.

    La rétraction de la broche 51 provoque, dans un premier temps, un retrait suffisant pour libérer la contrainte appliquée au poussoir 37 qui peut ainsi s'effacer pour rendre prépondérantes les actions des ressorts 36 provoquant la fermeture et le serrage des mâchoires 35 sur la pièce d'immobilisation 40 2 présentée en regard par l'élément 11 dans le cas présent (fig. 10).The retraction of the spindle 51 causes, at first, a shrinkage sufficient to release the stress applied to the pusher 37 which can thus be erased to make predominant the actions of the springs 36 causing the closure and clamping of the jaws 35 on the workpiece 40 2 immobilization presented facing the element 11 in this case ( Figure 10 ).

    La course de rétraction de la broche 51 produit, dans un second temps et après escamotage complet, un désaccouplement par rapport au bloc de verrouillage 30, de sorte que la liaison temporaire entre la tête de télescopage 21 et ledit bloc est rompue. The retraction stroke of the spindle 51 produces, in a second time and after complete retraction, uncoupling relative to the locking block 30, so that the temporary connection between the telescoping head 21 and said block is broken.

    L'élément télescopé en sortie, en l'occurrence l'élément 12, se trouve de nouveau immobilisé par rapport à l'élément l'entourant, en l'occurrence 11, alors que l'actionneur 19 en est désaccouplé et qu'il peut être commandé de façon inverse pour regagner la position p. The telescoped element output, in this case the element 12, is again immobilized relative to the element surrounding it, in this case 11, while the actuator 19 is uncoupled and it can be controlled in reverse order to regain the position p.

    Il doit être noté qu'au cours de ce télescopage en sortie, le déplacement relatif guidé entre l'actionneur 19 et l'élément 12 intervient grâce au pied d'appui 24 et aux rouleaux 25. It should be noted that during this telescoping output, the relative displacement guided between the actuator 19 and the element 12 occurs through the support foot 24 and the rollers 25.

    Ainsi que cela ressort de ce qui précède, par l'intermédiaire d'un même organe de prise en charge porté par l'actionneur et d'un même bloc de verrouillage porté par chaque élément, il devient possible de réaliser, pour chaque course devant être imposée à un élément mobile, que cette course soit de sortie ou de rentrée, dans un premier temps, un accouplement temporaire entre l'actionneur et l'élément à déplacer, dans un deuxième temps, la libération ou le déverrouillage ou le déblocage de l'élément à déplacer par rapport à celui qui l'entoure, dans un troisième temps le déplacement dudit élément, dans un quatrième temps, l'immobilisation de cet élément déplacé dans la nouvelle position recherchée et dans un cinquième temps, le désaccouplement entre cet élément et l'actionneur 19 qui peut être ramené dans sa position d'origine, soit dans une position d'activité pour établir le déroulement d'une même séquence en relation avec un autre élément mobile tel que 11, voire 10. As is apparent from the foregoing, through the same support member carried by the actuator and the same locking block carried by each element, it becomes possible to achieve, for each race in front of to be imposed on a movable element, that this stroke is output or retraction, in a first step, a temporary coupling between the actuator and the element to be moved, in a second step, the release or unlocking or unlocking of the element to be displaced relative to that which surrounds it, in a third time the displacement of said element, in a fourth time, the immobilization of this displaced element in the new sought position and in a fifth time, the uncoupling between this element and the actuator 19 which can be returned to its original position or a position of activity to establish the sequence in a sequence in relation to another el Mobile ment as 11 or even 10.

    La proposition selon l'invention permet clairement de simplifier les moyens de verrouillage, de prise en charge et d'actionnement en faisant assumer une double fonction à chacun d'eux et en particulier à la broche 51, tout en respectant dans toutes les séquences susceptibles de se dérouler, une sécurité positive intervenant automatiquementThe proposal according to the invention clearly makes it possible to simplify the locking, loading and actuating means by making a dual function assume each of them and in particular to the pin 51, while respecting in all the sequences that to unfold, a positive security automatically intervening

    La double fonction assumée permet de réduire l'importance des moyens techniques mis en oeuvre et la masse que ces derniers représentent. Un tel gain peut être ainsi reporté pour, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, renforcer la structure des éléments télescopiques en vue d'accroítre leur capacité de résistance et d'améliorer ainsi les caractéristiques fonctionnelles en charge.The dual function assumed makes it possible to reduce the importance of techniques used and the mass that they represent. Such a gain can to be so postponed for, all other things being equal, to strengthen the structure of telescopic elements in order to increase their resistance and improve their thus the functional characteristics in charge.

    Il va de soi que le procédé de l'invention décrit en relation avec une course de sortie de l'élément 12 s'établit de semblable manière pour la course de rentrée du même élément, sauf en ce qui concerne la séquence fonctionnelle propre au déplacement de l'actionneur 19.It goes without saying that the method of the invention described in relation to an output stroke of the element 12 is similarly established for the retraction stroke of the same element, except as regards the functional sequence specific to the displacement. of the actuator 19.

    Il va de soi également que des séquences similaires s'établissent lorsqu'il est souhaité provoquer la course de rentrée ou de sortie des autres éléments mobiles, tels que les éléments intermédiaires 10 et 11 en l'occurrence.It goes without saying that similar sequences are established when it is desired to cause the retraction or exit stroke of the other moving elements, such as the intermediate elements 10 and 11 in this case.

    Il doit être noté à cet égard que le déroulement séquentiel ci-dessus peut intervenir exactement dans les mêmes conditions, étant donné que les poussoirs 37 sont structurellement organisés pour être situés dans le plan ou sur la ligne L qui correspond à la trajectoire possible de la broche 51 et à ses capacités d'intervention en course d'extension pour assumer la double fonction d'accouplement entre la tête de télescopage 21 et le bloc 30 et de neutralisation de l'effet de serrage établi par la pince 34.It should be noted in this respect that the sequential sequence above can take place exactly under the same conditions, since the pushers 37 are structurally organized to be located in the plane or on the line L which corresponds to the possible trajectory of the pin 51 and its capabilities of intervention in extension stroke to assume the double function of coupling between the telescoping head 21 and the block 30 and neutralization of the clamping effect established by the clamp 34 .

    Selon une disposition avantageuse de l'invention, le bloc 30 est monté flottant dans ou sur l'élément télescopique qui le porte. Un tel montage flottant peut par exemple être établi comme le montre les fig. 3 et 5 en dotant le bloc de rainures 63 destinées à coopérer avec un logement 64 ménagé dans l'élément télescopique correspondant de façon à laisser subsister un jeu J transversal à l'axe longitudinal y-y'. Un tel montage flottant présente l'intérêt d'admettre une adaptation de coopération entre les organes 30 et 40 et 30 et 50 malgré les possibles débattements latéraux des éléments télescopiques. A cette fin, il est avantageux de prévoir l'existence d'une portée tronconique 31a constituant une entrée pour le puits 31.According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention, the block 30 is mounted floating in or on the telescopic element which carries it. Such a floating assembly can for example be established as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 by providing the block with grooves 63 intended to cooperate with a housing 64 formed in the corresponding telescopic element so as to leave a clearance J transverse to the longitudinal axis y-y '. Such a floating assembly has the advantage of allowing a cooperative adaptation between the members 30 and 40 and 30 and 50 despite the possible lateral deflections of the telescopic elements. For this purpose, it is advantageous to provide for the existence of a frustoconical bearing surface 31a constituting an inlet for the well 31 .

    Pour assurer néanmoins un indexage en position de coopération, il est avantageusement prévu de faire comporter à la tête 37 3 un doigt 37 4 ou analogue amené à coopérer, en position de déverrouillage des mâchoires 38 avec une gorge complémentaire 65 creusée longitudinalement dans la face supérieure de la pièce 40 (fig. 11).Nevertheless, to ensure indexing in the cooperation position, it is advantageously provided to make the head 37 3 include a finger 37 4 or the like which is adapted to cooperate, in the unlocked position of the jaws 38 with a complementary groove 65 hollowed out longitudinally in the upper face. from room 40 ( Fig. 11 ).

    Les fig. 4, 6, 7, 12 et 13 montrent que selon une autre disposition avantageuse, il peut être prévu de doter chaque bloc 30 de moyens immobilisant les mâchoires contre tout déplacement en ouverture autre que celui commandé par les poussoirs 37. A cet effet, il est prévu d'entourer les deux mâchoires 35 par deux demi-frettes 66, disposées dans le bloc 30 avec interposition de ressorts 67 les poussant à engager les mâchoires par des épaulements 68 qu'elles forment en vis-à-vis. Chaque demi-frette comporte au moins un éperon 69 offrant une rampe inclinée 70 placée en relation de coopération verticale avec au moins une saillie complémentaire 71 que présente la tête 37 3 . Ainsi, lorsque la tête 37 3 est déplacée vers le bas par l'organe 50, la saillie 71 agit sur la rampe 70 qui repousse la demi-frette afin de libérer le déplacement subséquent en ouverture des mâchoires 35 sous l'action de la tête 37 3 . Figs. 4, 6, 7, 12 and 13 show that according to another advantageous arrangement, it may be provided to provide each block 30 with means immobilizing the jaws against any opening movement other than that controlled by the pushers 37. For this purpose, it is provided to surround the two jaws 35 by two half-rings 66, disposed in the block 30 with the interposition of springs 67 urging them to engage the jaws by shoulders 68 they form vis-à-vis. Each half-band comprises at least one spur 69 having an inclined ramp 70 placed in vertical cooperation relation with at least one complementary projection 71 that has the head 37 3 . Thus, when the head 37 3 is moved downwards by the member 50, the projection 71 acts on the ramp 70 which pushes the half-band to release the subsequent displacement in opening of the jaws 35 under the action of the head 37 3 .

    La fig. 14 montre une variante de réalisation dans laquelle l'actionneur 19 est constitué par une vis sans fin 80 qui est liée par l'intermédiaire d'un groupe moto-réducteur 81 à la partie fixe 20 qui peut alors avantageusement constituer un palier pour l'une des extrémités de la vis dont l'autre est montée dans un boítier 82 porté par le pied 24. La tête de télescopage 21 constitue alors un corps taraudé 83 coopérant avec la vis sans fin 80 et qui est immobilisé en rotation par exemple entre des guides 84 liant le palier fixe 20 au boítier 82. De cette manière, la rotation de la vis 80 dans un sens ou dans l'autre permet de provoquer le déplacement de la tête de télescopage 21 dans l'un ou l'autre sens de la flèche f2, de la même manière que cela est produit dans l'exemple de réalisation précédent par l'intermédiaire du fonctionnement du vérin 22-23. Fig. 14 shows an alternative embodiment in which the actuator 19 is constituted by a worm 80 which is connected by means of a geared motor unit 81 to the fixed part 20 which can then advantageously constitute a bearing for the one end of the screw, the other of which is mounted in a housing 82 carried by the foot 24 . The telescoping head 21 then constitutes a threaded body 83 cooperating with the worm 80 and which is immobilized in rotation for example between guides 84 linking the fixed bearing 20 to the housing 82. In this way, the rotation of the screw 80 in one way or the other makes it possible to cause the telescoping head 21 to move in one or the other direction of the arrow f 2 , in the same way as is produced in the previous embodiment by the intermediate of the operation of the cylinder 22-23 .

    La fig. 15 montre une autre variante de réalisation dans laquelle l'actionneur 19 est constitué par une chaíne sans fin 90 portée par des pignons 91 et 92 dont l'un est dit de renvoi et dont l'autre est dit d'entraínement en raison de sa liaison avec un organe moteur 93 tel qu'un moto-réducteur hydraulique ou électrique. Fig. 15 shows another variant embodiment in which the actuator 19 is constituted by an endless chain 90 carried by sprockets 91 and 92 , one of which is said to be a reference and the other of which is said to be driven because of its connection with a motor member 93 such as a hydraulic or electric geared motor.

    Les pignons 91 et 92 sont, de préférence, portés par un bâti-poutre 94 répondant aux exigences précédentes de solidarisation avec le point fixe 20 et de guidage en déplacement relatif par rapport à l'élément 12 au moyen du pied 24, voire du ou des rouleaux 25. The pinions 91 and 92 are preferably carried by a beam-frame 94 meeting the above requirements of securing with the fixed point 20 and guiding relative displacement with respect to the element 12 by means of the foot 24, or from the rollers 25.

    Dans une telle variante, la tête de télescopage 21 peut alors être avantageusement constituée seulement par le corps 53 de l'organe moteur actionnant la broche 51. In such a variant, the telescoping head 21 can then be advantageously constituted only by the body 53 of the motor unit actuating the pin 51.

    Il doit être considéré que les pièces 40 et le bloc 30 de même que les moyens 50 pourraient être disposés de façon différente de celle représentée en étant, par exemple, placés en relation avec la génératrice interne haute des éléments 9 à 11. It should be considered that the parts 40 and the block 30 as well as the means 50 could be arranged differently than that shown being, for example, placed in relation to the high internal generatrix of the elements 9 to 11.

    Selon l'invention, il pourrait être prévu de constituer chaque organe 51 sous la forme d'un vérin télescopique à deux tiges, l'une assumant la fonction d'accouplement et l'autre la fonction de commande des poussoirs 37. Un exemple de réalisation est montré par la Fig. 16 selon laquelle le corps 53 délimite un cylindre 95 contenant un piston 96 prolongé par une tige 97 chargée de pénétrer dans le puits 31 pour assumer la fonction d'accouplement avec le bloc 30. La tige 97 délimite un cylindre 98 contenant un piston secondaire 99 prolongée par une tige 100 chargée d'agir sur la face 37 2 du poussoir 37. La fig. 16 montre par des lignes en traits pointillés épais que les cylindres 95 et 98 peuvent constituer des vérins à double effet.According to the invention, it could be provided to form each member 51 in the form of a telescopic ram with two rods, one assuming the coupling function and the other the control function of the pushers 37. An example of embodiment is shown in FIG. 16 that the body 53 defines a cylinder 95 containing a piston 96 extended by a rod 97 to enter the well 31 to assume the function of coupling with the block 30. The rod 97 defines a cylinder 98 containing a secondary piston 99 extended by a rod 100 charged to act on the face 37 2 of the pusher 37. FIG. 16 shows in thick dashed lines that the cylinders 95 and 98 can be double-acting cylinders.

    L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits et représentés car diverses modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir de son cadre.The invention is not limited to the examples described and shown because various changes can be made without departing from its scope.

    Claims (21)

    1. A method for telescoping a crane boom or the like composed with several telescopic members (9-12) placed in a mutual support relationship by centering blocks, consisting of applying an actuator (19) with an alternating rectilinear displacement, positioned interiorly to the boom while being attached to the base member (9) of said boom, providing between the members, locking units in the retracted position and locking means in the egress position of said members and applying actuation units for actuating said units and locking means to achieve either locking or unlocking of said members placed in a telescoped position by the actuator, the method consisting of:
      applying on each member, except for the base member, a locking block (30) including a clamping unit (34) with a clamped rest position,
      having the clamping unit of each block cooperate with at least one of the immobilization parts (40), in a fixed position, belonging to the concentric member external to the one bearing the block,
         characterized in that it consists of:
      having the actuator bear a single temporary engagement or loading and positive loosening unit (51) capable of selectively acting on each of the locking blocks,
      by a positive action in order to attach said actuator to said block on the one hand and neutralize the action of the clamping unit on the immobilization part on the other hand,
      by withdrawal-retraction so as to immobilize said block relatively to the clamping part on the one hand and to release the actuator relatively to said block on the other hand.
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of providing each member, except for the end member, with at least two immobilization parts (401) and (402) which are placed for defining at least two reference positions for the directly internal member, i.e., the retracted position and an egress position of said internal member.
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of providing each member, except for the end member, with an immobilization part (404) extending over the whole useful length of each member in order to define, for the directly internal telescopic member, n intermediate positions between the retracted and egress positions.
    4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for telescoping a member of the boom:
      the actuator is controlled in order to bring the positive loosening and loading unit to the vertical of the locking block of said member
      the actuator is immobilized in the vertical position
      the loading and positive loosening unit is controlled for:
      first temporarily engaging said unit with the block
      secondly achieving the loosening of said block and releasing it from the immobilization part on which it was clamped,
      the actuator is controlled in a rectilinear stroke so as to carry along with it the member to be telescoped relatively to the member of the boom surrounding it externally
      the new sought-after position is determined
      control of the actuator is interrupted
      the loading and positive loosening unit is reversely controlled for:
      first releasing the block which is brought back to its clamped rest position in which it confines the immobilization part corresponding to the new position, so as to immobilize the member relatively to the one which surrounds it,
      secondly disengaging the loading unit and the block in order to release the actuator
      the actuator is finally controlled to bring it back into a position of maximum retraction.
    5. A telescopic crane boom comprising:
      at least three telescopic and concentric distinct members, including a base member (9) at least one intermediate member (10) and an end member (12),
      an actuator (19) with an alternating rectilinear displacement, internal to the boom and bound to the base member (9),
      locking units between said members in order to immobilize the latter relatively in the retracted and egress positions and actuating means borne by the actuator for controlling said units, such that
      the locking units are formed with:
      a locking block (30) borne by each member, except the base member, and including a clamping unit (34) with a clamped rest position.
      at least one immobilization part (40), with a fixed position, belonging to the concentric member external to the one bearing the block and intended for cooperating with the clamping unit of said block,
         characterized in that,
      the actuating means of the actuator comprise a single unit (51) adapted for selectively loading any of the blocks in order to temporarily engage the actuator with the member bearing said block,
      neutralizing by positive action, the clamping unit of said block in order to release it relatively to the immobilization part.
    6. The boom according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking units are adapted to the internal end of the boom members and have clamping units (34), the actuation means of which (37) are directed along a direction perpendicular to that of the displacement of the actuator.
    7. The boom according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that each locking unit comprises a block (30) permanently attached to the internal end of the member to which it belongs and which delimits:
      a well (31) for engaging the loading unit (51),
      a cage (33) communicating with the well and containing two jaws (35) associated with a pusher (37) facing the well and forming a means for simultaneous actuation of said jaws which are always urged by elastic units (36) in the clamping stroke on an immobilization part (40) which they confine and which is borne by the boom member in which said member is housed.
    8. The boom according to claim 7, characterized in that the jaws include clamping faces conformed to cooperate with conjugate edges exhibited by each immobilization part.
    9. The boom according to claim 7, characterized in that the block includes opposite the well, a groove (45) for the passage of the immobilization part.
    10. The boom according to any of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the locking units involve on each telescopic member, except for the end member, at least two immobilization parts (401) and (402) aligned parallel to the direction of the telescoping and defining for the immediately internal member, two predetermined retracted and egress positions.
    11. The boom according to any of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the locking units involve on each telescopic member, except for the end member, an immobilization part formed by a profile (404) running over the whole length of said member in order to define, for the immediately external member, in addition to the two retracted and egress positions, n intermediate immobilization positions.
    12. The boom according to claim 5, 7, 8, 10 or 11, characterized in that the immobilization part (40) has the shape of a dual rack, each tooth (41) of which is defined by a face (42) orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the part and directed towards the boom head and an inclined face (43).
    13. The boom according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the pushers (37) of the locking units have tails (371), the actuation faces of which (372) are located on a same plane L parallel to the longitudinal axis y-y'.
    14. The boom according to claim 5, characterized in that the control means of the actuator comprise at least one pin (51) set into alternating rectilinear displacement by a motor unit (52) in order to be able to occupy a first retracted position relatively to the locking block and a second position in which, after stopping in coincidence with any of the blocks, it protrudes in order to be engaged into the well so as to temporarily engage the actuator with the member and for acting on the pusher (37) and controlling the opening of the clamping unit (34) of said block.
    15. The boom according to claim 14, characterized in that the pin (51) is formed by the piston rod of a cylinder (53) forming a motor unit.
    16. The boom according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the pin or the motor unit are borne by a telescoping head (21) belonging to the actuator (19).
    17. The boom according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuator is formed with a hydraulic cylinder, the rod (22) of which is permanently attached to the base member (9) and the body of which (23), provided with the telescoping head (21), is borne with the possibility of relative displacement, guided by the end member (12).
    18. The boom according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuator (19) is formed with a worm (80), connected to a motor unit (81) adapted onto the base member (9) and borne with the possibility of relative displacement guided by the end member (12), said worm cooperating with a tapped body (83) immobilized in rotation and forming the telescoping head. (21).
    19. The boom according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuator (19) is formed by an endless chain (90) loaded by a nose sprocket wheel (91) and by a driving sprocket wheel (92) mounted on a drawbar (94) attached to the base member (9) and borne by the end member with the possibility of guided relative displacement, the endless chain bearing the telescoping head (21).
    20. The boom according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the block (30) is transversely float-mounted and has a pusher (37) provided with a head (373) extended with an indexing finger (374) able to cooperate with a groove (65) possessed by the immobilization parts (40).
    21. The boom according to claim 5, 7 or 20, characterized in that the block (30) interiorly includes two half-ferrules (66) pushed by springs (67) into engagement around clamping jaws and each bearing at least one separation ramp (70) stressed by a protrusion (71) of the head of the pusher.
    EP00420221A 1999-09-01 2000-10-26 Telescoping system for a crane boom Expired - Lifetime EP1201594B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9911102A FR2797862B1 (en) 1999-09-01 1999-09-01 METHOD OF TELESCOPING A CRANE BOOM, DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION AND CRANE BOOM BY APPLYING
    DE60023506T DE60023506T2 (en) 2000-10-26 2000-10-26 Telescoping system of a crane jib
    EP00420221A EP1201594B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-10-26 Telescoping system for a crane boom
    US09/709,736 US6474486B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-11-13 Method of telescoping a crane jib, apparatus for implementing the method, and a crane jib constituting an application thereof

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9911102A FR2797862B1 (en) 1999-09-01 1999-09-01 METHOD OF TELESCOPING A CRANE BOOM, DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION AND CRANE BOOM BY APPLYING
    EP00420221A EP1201594B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-10-26 Telescoping system for a crane boom
    US09/709,736 US6474486B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-11-13 Method of telescoping a crane jib, apparatus for implementing the method, and a crane jib constituting an application thereof

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1201594A1 EP1201594A1 (en) 2002-05-02
    EP1201594B1 true EP1201594B1 (en) 2005-10-26

    Family

    ID=27223626

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP00420221A Expired - Lifetime EP1201594B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-10-26 Telescoping system for a crane boom

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6474486B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP1201594B1 (en)
    FR (1) FR2797862B1 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    FR2797862A1 (en) 2001-03-02
    EP1201594A1 (en) 2002-05-02
    FR2797862B1 (en) 2001-11-16
    US6474486B1 (en) 2002-11-05

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