EP1198667A1 - Liquid-cooled piston - Google Patents

Liquid-cooled piston

Info

Publication number
EP1198667A1
EP1198667A1 EP00949192A EP00949192A EP1198667A1 EP 1198667 A1 EP1198667 A1 EP 1198667A1 EP 00949192 A EP00949192 A EP 00949192A EP 00949192 A EP00949192 A EP 00949192A EP 1198667 A1 EP1198667 A1 EP 1198667A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cooling channel
cooling
area
wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00949192A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1198667B1 (en
Inventor
Edgar Martin
Stephan Thieme
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Original Assignee
Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH filed Critical Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
Publication of EP1198667A1 publication Critical patent/EP1198667A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1198667B1 publication Critical patent/EP1198667B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pistons of internal combustion engines are subject to high thermal loads due to the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber.
  • it is expedient to ensure the cooling of the pistons by supplying coolant to cavities in the piston.
  • a piston according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-OS 30 19 953.
  • This piston has an annular channel, adjoining which is a bore which is open towards the crank chamber and through which the cooling oil can flow.
  • the oil flows out through an outlet bore, which is provided approximately in the center of the piston (seen in plan view). It is also conceivable to provide the coolant outflow at a point diametrically opposite the inflow.
  • the annular channel is completely at a certain height of the piston. This will create a usable cooling of the top land area, i.e. the area behind the piston rings and the area below the combustion chamber trough.
  • the bolt eyes which are particularly heavily loaded, particularly in the case of snow-running diesel engines, and the area surrounding them are, however, insufficiently cooled.
  • the cooling channels arranged in a star shape are designed such that they cool, in particular, the area behind the rings and the area of the combustion chamber trough.
  • a satisfactory cooling of the pin hub area can only be guaranteed by the provision of complicated casting cores, which can only be removed from the finished piston with great effort.
  • the cooling channels of the piston according to DE 196 18 625 Cl are designed to be comparatively simple, but they are so far away from the area of the pin hub that there is no sufficient cooling in this zone.
  • a piston is known from the unpublished DE 198 10 937 Cl, which has an annular cooling channel, the upper side of which has asymmetrical ramps and the lower side of which has recesses which are offset in the circumferential direction. This is intended to achieve good oil delivery through the cooling channel.
  • DE-PS 17 51 342 a piston for internal combustion engines with an oblique or horizontal cylinder is known, in which offset stages are provided on the inner walls of the cooling channel in order to achieve a reliable delivery and flow through the cooling channel even with an oblique piston. In this case, too, the cooling duct is too far away from the pin hub area to ensure reliable cooling in this zone in modern, high-speed diesel engines and supercharged engines.
  • this complex internal design of the cooling channel also requires complex casting cores.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an easy-to-manufacture liquid-cooled piston, which has good cooling of both the ring area and the pin boss area, the strength requirements placed on the piston should continue to be met.
  • the cooling channel of the piston according to the invention which as a whole is largely ring-shaped when viewed from above or consists of several ring segments, is designed to be wave-shaped in the direction of the piston axis.
  • the cross section of the cooling channel remains essentially the same over the entire course of the cooling channel, so that, for example, in contrast to the piston according to DE-PS 17 51 342, none unnecessary complication of the shape of the cooling channel is required.
  • the cooling channel runs with a largely constant cross section in a side view of the piston, so that it extends in sections from the area behind the piston rings closer to the pin hub area than is the case with the known pistons.
  • the wavy shape also has the advantage that the cooling channel becomes longer overall, so that it has a cooling surface that is larger than that of conventional cooling channels, and the cooling capacity is increased.
  • the wave-shaped course of the cooling channel allows a smaller distance between the cooling channel and the ring carrier, since sufficient material remains in each case behind the ring carrier in the wave troughs, and thus overall the strength requirements are satisfied.
  • the wave-shaped course of the cooling channel also means that, unlike known cooling channels that remain at one level, the cooling oil does not flow directly through them, but remains in the cooling channel for a longer period of time and can therefore absorb more heat.
  • the areas surrounding the cooling channel are not cooled from just one side. To a certain extent, the cooling channel not only cools the adjacent areas starting from the cooling channel, but when looking at a wave valley, the cooling takes place both from the wave valley and from the two adjacent wave crests in the direction of the Corrugation. This mode of operation can also improve the cooling performance.
  • a shape of the cooling channel has proven to be particularly advantageous in which the distance between the trough and the crest is more than 1.5 times the cross section of the cooling channel.
  • the distance measured in the direction of the piston axis from the lowest point of a wave trough to the highest point of a wave crest is at least 1.5 times the distance between the lowest point of a wave trough and the highest point of the cooling channel in the wave trough, which corresponds to the cooling channel cross section
  • the measures according to the invention make it possible for the wall thickness between the cooling duct and ring carriers to be reduced to 0-10 mm, preferably 0-5 mm, in particular 0-2 mm.
  • the cooling channel can be brought particularly close to the ring carrier and even touch it, so that the inside surface of the ring carrier delimits the cooling channel in places.
  • the wave-like course in the area of the wave troughs leaves a sufficient wall thickness to ensure sufficient strength overall.
  • the shape of the wave-shaped cooling channel it has an odd number of complete waves in one half of its annular course.
  • an odd number of Detect wave crests so that there is a wave crest in the area above the bolt eye.
  • Such an undesired weakening of the piston can be reliably avoided if the number of waves is odd, so that there is a wave crest above the pin bore, the shape of which adjusts particularly favorably to the shape of the upper half of the pin eye.
  • an oval shape has proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to the cross-sectional shape of the cooling duct, it being preferred for it that it is oriented inclined outwards.
  • the upper area of the oval-shaped cooling channel is closer to the outer wall of the piston than the lower area.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the piston according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the piston according to the invention with partial section; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the interior of the cooling channel of the piston according to the invention.
  • the piston 10 according to the invention is shown in a side view in the direction of the pin boss 12.
  • the piston 10 shown schematically has a ring carrier 14.
  • the area of the ring carrier 14, like the area in the vicinity of the pin hub 12, can be cooled particularly reliably.
  • a cooling channel 16 (seen in plan view) is provided that is largely ring-shaped and runs parallel to the circumference of the piston.
  • the cooling channel 16 In order to combine reliable cooling of the area of the ring carrier 14 and the zones in the vicinity of the pin hub 12, the cooling channel 16 according to the invention runs in a wave-shaped manner in the direction of the piston axis 18 such that it extends between these areas.
  • a shaft crest 20 is provided in a particularly advantageous manner above the pin hub 12, which together with the further shaft crests ensures reliable cooling of the area with the ring carrier 14.
  • a comparatively small wall thickness remains between the wave crests 20 and the ring carrier 14, the overall strength is ensured since the wall thickness behind the ring carrier 14 is not reduced so much in the region of the wave troughs 22.
  • the cooling channel 16 extends particularly close to the pin hub 12 in these sections, so that the surroundings thereof can also be cooled well. 1, according to which the number of complete wave crests in one half of the cooling channel is odd, there is a wave crest above the pin boss 12 in the example shown in FIG. 1, so that there is also a wave crest in this area sufficient wall thickness remains.
  • This area is designed differently in the embodiment shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • a suitable design of the corrugated cooling channel 16 By means of a suitable design of the corrugated cooling channel 16, however, a sufficient material thickness can also be achieved in this embodiment in the area above the bolt eye 12.
  • a ring carrier 14 can be seen in detail, to which the cooling channel 16 reaches comparatively close in the area of the wave crests.
  • the cooling channel 16 in the example shown is designed with an oval extending in the direction of the piston axis 18, this being slightly inclined outwards.
  • the distance from the lowest point of a wave trough 22 to the highest point of a wave crest 20 is approximately twice the cooling channel cross section, as can be seen in the side view of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows the interior of the cooling channel 16 in a perspective view.
  • a casting core that is introduced during the casting of the piston 10 according to the invention would have approximately the shape shown in FIG. 3.
  • the cooling channel 16 in the example shown has two diametrically opposite inflow or discharge areas 26, the cross section of which is approximately twice as large as the cross-sectional area of the cooling duct 16.
  • the cooling duct 16 is formed overall by two ring segment-shaped sections seen in plan view, each of which is almost the same Have the shape of a semicircle. This together with the entry or Discharge areas 26 have an overall largely annular shape of the cooling channel 16.
  • the cooling channel Starting from the respective entry or discharge area 26, the cooling channel initially runs up to a first wave crest 20a in the direction of the piston crown. This first wave crest 20a is followed by a wave trough 22a and three complete wave crests 20b, 20c, 20d before the cooling channel opens into the opposite entry or discharge area 26 via a last wave crest 20e.
  • the other half of the overall annular cooling channel 16 is designed in a similar manner.
  • the odd number of five complete waves in the case shown in the above-mentioned half of the cooling channel 16 causes a wave crest, designated 20c in the case shown, to be located above the pin eye.
  • a wave crest designated 20c in the case shown, to be located above the pin eye.
  • the cooling channel with the interior shown in FIG. 3 extends particularly close to the ring carrier of the piston, so that this area is also reliably cooled. Furthermore, there is a larger inner surface of the Cooling channel, compared to a course of the cooling channel that remains at a certain level, and a longer residence time of the cooling oil, so that the cooling capacity can be increased overall. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the shape of the interior of the cooling channel 16 results overall in a "crown-like" shape.

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston (10) for internal combustion engines having a cooling duct (16) that has an annular shape or consists of several annular segments, said duct having a substantially constant cross section along its extension and extending in an undulated manner at least in certain areas in the direction of the axis of the piston (18).

Description

Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben Liquid cooled piston
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung betrifft einen flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kolben gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die Kolben von Verbrennungsmotoren sind aufgrund der in dem Brennraum stattfindenden Verbrennungen hohen thermischen Belastungen unterworfen. Hierbei ist es insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren und aufgeladenen Motoren zweckmäßig, die Kühlung der Kolben durch die Zuführung von Kühlmittel zu Hohlräumen in dem Kolben zu gewährleisten.The pistons of internal combustion engines are subject to high thermal loads due to the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber. In this case, in particular in the case of diesel engines and supercharged engines, it is expedient to ensure the cooling of the pistons by supplying coolant to cavities in the piston.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Ein Kolben gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der DE-OS 30 19 953 bekannt. Dieser Kolben weist einen ringförmigen Kanal auf, an den eine zum Kurbelraum hin offene Bohrung angrenzt, durch die das Kühlöl einströmen kann. Das Öl fließt bei diesen bekannten Kolben durch eine Auslassbohrung aus, die in etwa im Zentrum des Kolbens (in der Draufsicht gesehen) vorgesehen ist. Ebenso ist es denkbar, den Kühlmittelabfluss an einer dem Zufluss diametral gegenüberliegenden Stelle vorzusehen. Bei dem bekannten Kolben befindet sich der ringförmige Kanal vollständig auf einer bestimmten Höhe des Kolbens. Hierdurch wird eine brauchbare Kühlung des Feuerstegbereichs , also des Bereichs, der sich hinter den Kolbenringen befindet, sowie des Bereichs unterhalb der Brennraummulde erreicht. Die insbesondere bei schneilaufenden Dieselmotoren besonders hoch belasteten Bolzenaugen und der diese umgebende Bereich werden jedoch nur unzureichend gekühlt.A piston according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-OS 30 19 953. This piston has an annular channel, adjoining which is a bore which is open towards the crank chamber and through which the cooling oil can flow. In these known pistons, the oil flows out through an outlet bore, which is provided approximately in the center of the piston (seen in plan view). It is also conceivable to provide the coolant outflow at a point diametrically opposite the inflow. In the known piston, the annular channel is completely at a certain height of the piston. This will create a usable cooling of the top land area, i.e. the area behind the piston rings and the area below the combustion chamber trough. The bolt eyes, which are particularly heavily loaded, particularly in the case of snow-running diesel engines, and the area surrounding them are, however, insufficiently cooled.
Dieser Nachteil gilt auch für den Kolben gemäß der DE 195 22 756 AI, bei dem durch Bohrungen, die weitgehend in Richtung der Kolbenachse verlaufen, eine Kühlung des Bereichs hinter den Kolbenringen erreicht wird.This disadvantage also applies to the piston according to DE 195 22 756 AI, in which cooling of the area behind the piston rings is achieved through bores which run largely in the direction of the piston axis.
Auch beim Kolben gemäß der DE 34 44 661 AI sind die sternförmig angeordneten Kühlkanäle so ausgebildet, dass sie insbesondere den Bereich hinter den Ringen sowie den Bereich der Brennraummulde kühlen. Eine zufriedenstellende Kühlung des Bolzennabenbereichs kann nur durch das Vorsehen komplizierter Gießkerne gewährleistet werden, die von dem fertigen Kolben nur mit großem Aufwand zu entfernen sind.Also in the case of the piston according to DE 34 44 661 AI, the cooling channels arranged in a star shape are designed such that they cool, in particular, the area behind the rings and the area of the combustion chamber trough. A satisfactory cooling of the pin hub area can only be guaranteed by the provision of complicated casting cores, which can only be removed from the finished piston with great effort.
Die Kühlkanäle des Kolbens gemäß der DE 196 18 625 Cl sind zwar vergleichsweise einfach gestaltet, sie liegen jedoch von dem Bereich der Bolzennabe so weit entfernt, dass in dieser Zone keine hinreichende Kühlung erfolgt.The cooling channels of the piston according to DE 196 18 625 Cl are designed to be comparatively simple, but they are so far away from the area of the pin hub that there is no sufficient cooling in this zone.
Aus der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE 198 10 937 Cl ist ein Kolben bekannt, der einen ringförmigen Kühlkanal aufweist, dessen Oberseite asymmetrische Rampen, und dessen Unterseite dazu in Umfangsrichtung versetzte Mulden aufweist. Hierdurch soll eine gute Förderung des Öls durch den Kühlkanal erreicht werden. Schließlich ist aus der DE-PS 17 51 342 ein Kolben für Brennkraftmaschinen mit schräg- oder horizontalliegendem Zylinder bekannt, bei dem an den Innenwänden des Kühlkanals gegeneinander versetzte Stufen vorgesehen sind, um eine zuverlässige Förderung und Durchströmung des Kühlkanals auch bei schrägliegendem Kolben zu erreichen. Auch in diesem Fall ist der Kühlkanal jedoch zu weit von dem Bolzennabenbereich entfernt, um in dieser Zone bei modernen, Schnellaufenden Dieselmotoren und aufgeladenen Motoren eine zuverlässige Kühlung sicherzustellen. Ferner erfordert auch diese aufwendige innere Gestaltung des Kühlkanals aufwendige Gießkerne .A piston is known from the unpublished DE 198 10 937 Cl, which has an annular cooling channel, the upper side of which has asymmetrical ramps and the lower side of which has recesses which are offset in the circumferential direction. This is intended to achieve good oil delivery through the cooling channel. Finally, from DE-PS 17 51 342 a piston for internal combustion engines with an oblique or horizontal cylinder is known, in which offset stages are provided on the inner walls of the cooling channel in order to achieve a reliable delivery and flow through the cooling channel even with an oblique piston. In this case, too, the cooling duct is too far away from the pin hub area to ensure reliable cooling in this zone in modern, high-speed diesel engines and supercharged engines. Furthermore, this complex internal design of the cooling channel also requires complex casting cores.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen leicht zu fertigenden flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kolben zu schaffen, der eine gute Kühlung sowohl des Ringbereichs als auch des Bolzennabenbereichs aufweist, wobei die an den Kolben gestellten Festigkeitsanforderungen weiterhin erfüllt bleiben sollen.The invention has for its object to provide an easy-to-manufacture liquid-cooled piston, which has good cooling of both the ring area and the pin boss area, the strength requirements placed on the piston should continue to be met.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.
Demzufolge ist der Kühlkanal des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens, der insgesamt in der Draufsicht gesehen weitgehend ringförmig ist oder aus mehreren Ringsegmenten besteht, in Richtung der Kolbenachse wellenförmig ausgebildet. Hierbei bleibt der Querschnitt des Kühlkanals im wesentlichen über den gesamten Verlauf des Kühlkanals gleich, so dass beispielsweise im Gegensatz zu dem Kolben gemäß der DE-PS 17 51 342 keine unnötige Verkomplizierung der Gestalt des Kühlkanals erforderlich ist.Accordingly, the cooling channel of the piston according to the invention, which as a whole is largely ring-shaped when viewed from above or consists of several ring segments, is designed to be wave-shaped in the direction of the piston axis. The cross section of the cooling channel remains essentially the same over the entire course of the cooling channel, so that, for example, in contrast to the piston according to DE-PS 17 51 342, none unnecessary complication of the shape of the cooling channel is required.
Vielmehr verläuft der Kühlkanal mit weitgehend gleichbleibendem Querschnitt in einer Seitenansicht des Kolbens gesehen wellenförmig, so dass er von dem Bereich hinter den Kolbenringen jeweils abschnittsweise näher an den Bolzennabenbereich heranreicht, als dies bei den bekannten Kolben der Fall ist. Hierdurch kann eine zuverlässige Kühlung beider dieser Bereiche erreicht werden. Durch die wellenförmige Gestalt ergibt sich darüber hinaus der Vorteil, dass der Kühlkanal insgesamt länger wird, so dass er eine gegenüber herkömmlichen Kühlkanälen vergrößerte Kühloberfläche aufweist, und die Kühlleistung erhöht wird. Außerdem ermöglicht der wellenförmige Verlauf des Kühlkanals einen geringeren Abstand zwischen dem Kühlkanal und dem Ringträger, da in den Wellentälern jeweils genügend Material hinter dem Ringträger verbleibt, und somit insgesamt den Festigkeitsanforderungen genügt wird.Rather, the cooling channel runs with a largely constant cross section in a side view of the piston, so that it extends in sections from the area behind the piston rings closer to the pin hub area than is the case with the known pistons. As a result, reliable cooling of both of these areas can be achieved. The wavy shape also has the advantage that the cooling channel becomes longer overall, so that it has a cooling surface that is larger than that of conventional cooling channels, and the cooling capacity is increased. In addition, the wave-shaped course of the cooling channel allows a smaller distance between the cooling channel and the ring carrier, since sufficient material remains in each case behind the ring carrier in the wave troughs, and thus overall the strength requirements are satisfied.
Der wellenförmige Verlauf des Kühlkanals bewirkt außerdem, dass das Kühlöl, anders als bei bekannten, auf einem Niveau verbleibenden Kühlkanälen, nicht direkt durch diese hindurchströmt , sondern mit längerer Verweildauer in dem Kühlkanal verbleibt, und somit mehr Wärme aufnehmen kann. Schließlich erfolgt die Kühlung der den Kühlkanal umgebenden Bereiche anders als bei herkömmlichen Kühlkanälen nicht nur von einer einzigen Seite aus. Gewissermaßen kühlt der Kühlkanal die anliegenden Bereiche nicht nur von dem Kühlkanal ausgehend, sondern bei Betrachtung eines Wellentals erfolgt die Kühlung sowohl von dem Wellental ausgehend, als auch von den beiden benachbarten Wellenbergen in Richtung des Wellentals. Auch durch diese Wirkungsweise kann die Kühlleistung verbessert werden.The wave-shaped course of the cooling channel also means that, unlike known cooling channels that remain at one level, the cooling oil does not flow directly through them, but remains in the cooling channel for a longer period of time and can therefore absorb more heat. Finally, unlike conventional cooling channels, the areas surrounding the cooling channel are not cooled from just one side. To a certain extent, the cooling channel not only cools the adjacent areas starting from the cooling channel, but when looking at a wave valley, the cooling takes place both from the wave valley and from the two adjacent wave crests in the direction of the Corrugation. This mode of operation can also improve the cooling performance.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.Preferred developments of the invention are described in the further claims.
Bei Versuchen hat sich eine Gestalt des Kühlkanals als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, bei welcher der Abstand zwischen Wellental und Wellenberg mehr als das 1,5-fache des Kühlkanalquerschnitts beträgt. Mit anderen Worten beträgt der in Richtung der Kolbenachse gemessene Abstand vom tiefsten Punkt eines Wellentales zum höchsten Punkt eines Wellenberges mindestens das 1,5-fache des Abstands zwischen dem tiefsten Punkt eines Wellentales und dem höchsten Punkt des Kühlkanals in dem Wellental, was dem Kühlkanalquerschnitt entspricht.In experiments, a shape of the cooling channel has proven to be particularly advantageous in which the distance between the trough and the crest is more than 1.5 times the cross section of the cooling channel. In other words, the distance measured in the direction of the piston axis from the lowest point of a wave trough to the highest point of a wave crest is at least 1.5 times the distance between the lowest point of a wave trough and the highest point of the cooling channel in the wave trough, which corresponds to the cooling channel cross section ,
In besonders vorteilhaf er Weise ermöglichen es die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen, dass die Wanddicke zwischen Kühlkanal und Ringträgern auf 0-10 mm, vorzugsweise 0-5 mm, insbesondere 0-2 mm verringert ist. Hierdurch kann zur Verbesserung der Kühlung der Kühlkanal besonders nah an den Ringträger herangeführt werden und diesen sogar berühren, so dass stellenweise die innenseitige Oberfläche des Ringträgers den Kühlkanal begrenzt. Hierbei verbleibt durch den wellenartigen Verlauf im Bereich der Wellentäler eine ausreichende Wanddicke, um insgesamt für eine ausreichende Festigkeit zu sorgen.In a particularly advantageous manner, the measures according to the invention make it possible for the wall thickness between the cooling duct and ring carriers to be reduced to 0-10 mm, preferably 0-5 mm, in particular 0-2 mm. In this way, in order to improve the cooling, the cooling channel can be brought particularly close to the ring carrier and even touch it, so that the inside surface of the ring carrier delimits the cooling channel in places. The wave-like course in the area of the wave troughs leaves a sufficient wall thickness to ensure sufficient strength overall.
Für die Gestalt des wellenförmigen Kühlkanals wird bevorzugt, dass dieser in einer Hälfte seines ringförmigen Verlaufs eine ungerade Anzahl von vollständigen Wellen aufweist. Mit anderen Worten sind bei einer gedachten, durch den Kühlkanal geführten seitlichen Schnittansicht eine ungerade Anzahl von Wellenbergen zu erkennen, so dass sich im Bereich oberhalb des Bolzenauges ein Wellenberg befindet. Im Fall einer geraden Anzahl würde sich hier ein Wellental befinden, so dass in bestimmten Situationen eine nicht ausreichende Materialstärke zwischen dem Wellental und dem Bolzenauge verbleibt. Eine derartige, nicht erwünschte Schwächung des Kolbens kann zuverlässig vermieden werden, wenn die Anzahl der Wellen ungerade ist, so dass sich oberhalb der Bolzenbohrung ein Wellenberg befindet, der sich hinsichtlich seiner Form besonders günstig an den Verlauf der oberen Hälfte des Bolzenauges anpasst.It is preferred for the shape of the wave-shaped cooling channel that it has an odd number of complete waves in one half of its annular course. In other words, in an imaginary sectional view through the cooling duct, an odd number of Detect wave crests so that there is a wave crest in the area above the bolt eye. In the case of an even number, there would be a wave trough here, so that in certain situations an insufficient material thickness remains between the wave trough and the bolt eye. Such an undesired weakening of the piston can be reliably avoided if the number of waves is odd, so that there is a wave crest above the pin bore, the shape of which adjusts particularly favorably to the shape of the upper half of the pin eye.
Schließlich hat sich hinsichtlich der Querschnittsform des Kühlkanals eine ovale Gestalt als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wobei für diese bevorzugt wird, dass sie nach außen geneigt ausgerichtet ist. Mit anderen Worten befindet sich in einer Schnittansicht gesehen der obere Bereich des oval gestalteten Kühlkanals näher an der Außenwand des Kolbens als der untere Bereich.Finally, an oval shape has proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to the cross-sectional shape of the cooling duct, it being preferred for it that it is oriented inclined outwards. In other words, when viewed in a sectional view, the upper area of the oval-shaped cooling channel is closer to the outer wall of the piston than the lower area.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Nachfolgend wird eine beispielhaft in den Zeichnungen dargestellte Ausführungsform der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention illustrated by way of example in the drawings is explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens;Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the piston according to the invention.
Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens mit Teilschnitt; und Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Innenraums des Kühlkanals des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens.Fig. 2 is a side view of the piston according to the invention with partial section; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the interior of the cooling channel of the piston according to the invention.
Ausführliche Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der ErfindungDetailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
In Fig. 1 ist der erfindungsgemäße Kolben 10 in einer Seitenansicht in Richtung der Bolzennabe 12 gesehen dargestellt. In seinem oberen Bereich weist der schematisch gezeigte Kolben 10 einen Ringträger 14 auf. Der Bereich des Ringträgers 14 ist ebenso wie der Bereich in der Umgebung der Bolzennabe 12 besonders zuverlässig zu kühlen. Zu diesem Zweck ist ein (in der Draufsicht gesehen) weitgehend ringförmig, parallel zu dem Umfang des Kolbens verlaufender Kühlkanal 16 vorgesehen.In Fig. 1, the piston 10 according to the invention is shown in a side view in the direction of the pin boss 12. In its upper region, the piston 10 shown schematically has a ring carrier 14. The area of the ring carrier 14, like the area in the vicinity of the pin hub 12, can be cooled particularly reliably. For this purpose, a cooling channel 16 (seen in plan view) is provided that is largely ring-shaped and runs parallel to the circumference of the piston.
Um eine zuverlässige Kühlung des Bereichs des Ringträgers 14 und der Zonen in der Umgebung der Bolzennabe 12 miteinander zu kombinieren, verläuft der Kühlkanal 16 erfindungsgemäß derart in Richtung der Kolbenachse 18 wellenförmig, dass er sich zwischen diesen Bereichen erstreckt. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in besonders vorteilhafter Weise oberhalb der Bolzennabe 12 ein Wellenberg 20 vorgesehen, der zusammen mit den weiteren Wellenbergen eine zuverlässige Kühlung des Bereichs mit dem Ringträger 14 sicherstellt. Wenngleich zwischen den Wellenbergen 20 und dem Ringträger 14 eine vergleichsweise geringe Wanddicke verbleibt, ist die Festigkeit insgesamt sichergestellt, da im Bereich der Wellentäler 22 die Wanddicke hinter dem Ringträger 14 nicht so stark verringert ist. Durch die Wellentäler 22 reicht der Kühlkanal 16 in diesen Abschnitten besonders nah an die Bolzennabe 12 heran, so dass auch deren Umgebung gut gekühlt werden kann. Durch die in Fig. 1 zu erkennende, bevorzugte Maßnahme, wonach die Zahl der vollständigen Wellenberge in einer Hälfte des Kühlkanals ungerade ist, befindet sich bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Beispiel oberhalb der Bolzennabe 12 ein Wellenberg, so dass auch in diesem Bereich eine hinreichende Wanddicke verbleibt.In order to combine reliable cooling of the area of the ring carrier 14 and the zones in the vicinity of the pin hub 12, the cooling channel 16 according to the invention runs in a wave-shaped manner in the direction of the piston axis 18 such that it extends between these areas. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a shaft crest 20 is provided in a particularly advantageous manner above the pin hub 12, which together with the further shaft crests ensures reliable cooling of the area with the ring carrier 14. Although a comparatively small wall thickness remains between the wave crests 20 and the ring carrier 14, the overall strength is ensured since the wall thickness behind the ring carrier 14 is not reduced so much in the region of the wave troughs 22. Through these troughs 22, the cooling channel 16 extends particularly close to the pin hub 12 in these sections, so that the surroundings thereof can also be cooled well. 1, according to which the number of complete wave crests in one half of the cooling channel is odd, there is a wave crest above the pin boss 12 in the example shown in FIG. 1, so that there is also a wave crest in this area sufficient wall thickness remains.
Dieser Bereich ist bei dem in Fig. 2 in detaillierterer Art und Weise dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel anders gestaltet. Durch eine geeignete Gestaltung des wellenförmigen Kühlkanals 16 kann jedoch auch bei dieser Ausführungsform in dem Bereich oberhalb des Bolzenauges 12 eine hinreichende Materialstärke erreicht werden. In der Schnittdarstellung im linken Bereich von Fig. 2 ist im einzelnen ein Ringträger 14 zu erkennen, an den der Kühlkanal 16 im Bereich der Wellenberge vergleichsweise nah heranreicht. Wie sich aus der Schnittdarstellung von Fig. 2 ergänzend ergibt, ist der Kühlkanal 16 bei dem gezeigten Beispiel mit einem in Richtung der Kolbenachse 18 verlaufenden Oval gestaltet, wobei dieses ein wenig nach außen geneigt ist. Wie in Fig. 2 ebenfalls zu erkennen ist, beträgt der Abstand vom tiefsten Punkt eines Wellentales 22 zum höchsten Punkt eines Wellenberges 20 in etwa das Doppelte des Kühlkanalquerschnitts, wie er in der Seitenansicht von Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist.This area is designed differently in the embodiment shown in more detail in FIG. 2. By means of a suitable design of the corrugated cooling channel 16, however, a sufficient material thickness can also be achieved in this embodiment in the area above the bolt eye 12. In the sectional view in the left-hand area of FIG. 2, a ring carrier 14 can be seen in detail, to which the cooling channel 16 reaches comparatively close in the area of the wave crests. As can additionally be seen from the sectional view in FIG. 2, the cooling channel 16 in the example shown is designed with an oval extending in the direction of the piston axis 18, this being slightly inclined outwards. As can also be seen in FIG. 2, the distance from the lowest point of a wave trough 22 to the highest point of a wave crest 20 is approximately twice the cooling channel cross section, as can be seen in the side view of FIG. 2.
In Fig. 3 ist in einer perspektivischen Ansicht der Innenraum des Kühlkanals 16 dargestellt. Gewissermaßen hätte ein Gießkern, der beim Gießen des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens 10 eingebracht wird, in etwa die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Gestalt. Aus der Darstellung ergibt sich, dass der Kühlkanal 16 bei dem gezeigten Beispiel zwei diametral gegenüberliegende Einström- bzw. Ablassbereiche 26 aufweist, deren Querschnitt in etwa doppelt so groß ist wie die Querschnittsfläche des Kühlkanals 16. Ausgehend von dem jeweiligen Eintritts- bzw. Ablassbereich 26 wird der Kühlkanal 16 insgesamt durch zwei in der Draufsicht gesehen ringsegmentförmige Abschnitte gebildet, die jeweils nahezu die Form eines Halbkreises aufweisen. Hierdurch ergibt sich zusammen mit den Eintrittsbzw. Ablassbereichen 26 eine insgesamt weitgehend ringförmige Gestalt des Kühlkanals 16. Ausgehend von dem jeweiligen Eintritts- bzw. Ablassbereich 26 verläuft der Kühlkanal zunächst bis zu einem ersten Wellenberg 20a in Richtung des Kolbenbodens. An diesen ersten Wellenberg 20a schließt sich ein Wellental 22a sowie drei vollständige Wellenberge 20b, 20c, 20d an, bevor der Kühlkanal über einen letzten Wellenberg 20e in den gegenüberliegenden Eintritts- bzw. Ablassbereich 26 mündet. Die andere Hälfte des insgesamt ringförmigen Kühlkanals 16 ist in ähnlicher Weise gestaltet.3 shows the interior of the cooling channel 16 in a perspective view. To a certain extent, a casting core that is introduced during the casting of the piston 10 according to the invention would have approximately the shape shown in FIG. 3. It can be seen from the illustration that the cooling channel 16 in the example shown has two diametrically opposite inflow or discharge areas 26, the cross section of which is approximately twice as large as the cross-sectional area of the cooling duct 16. Starting from the respective entry or discharge region 26, the cooling duct 16 is formed overall by two ring segment-shaped sections seen in plan view, each of which is almost the same Have the shape of a semicircle. This together with the entry or Discharge areas 26 have an overall largely annular shape of the cooling channel 16. Starting from the respective entry or discharge area 26, the cooling channel initially runs up to a first wave crest 20a in the direction of the piston crown. This first wave crest 20a is followed by a wave trough 22a and three complete wave crests 20b, 20c, 20d before the cooling channel opens into the opposite entry or discharge area 26 via a last wave crest 20e. The other half of the overall annular cooling channel 16 is designed in a similar manner.
Wie bereits unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 1 angedeutet, bewirkt die ungerade Anzahl von in dem gezeigten Fall fünf vollständigen Wellen in der oben erläuterten Hälfte des Kühlkanals 16, dass sich oberhalb des Bolzenauges ein Wellenberg, in dem gezeigten Fall mit 20c bezeichnet, befindet. Hierdurch kann, wie erwähnt, in sämtlichen Bereichen die erforderliche Wanddicke sichergestellt werden, wobei insbesondere durch die benachbarten Wellentäler 22b und 22c eine zuverlässige Kühlung des Bereichs in der Umgebung des Bolzenauges erreicht wird.As already indicated with reference to FIG. 1, the odd number of five complete waves in the case shown in the above-mentioned half of the cooling channel 16 causes a wave crest, designated 20c in the case shown, to be located above the pin eye. As mentioned, this enables the required wall thickness to be ensured in all areas, with reliable cooling of the area in the vicinity of the bolt eye being achieved in particular by the adjacent wave troughs 22b and 22c.
Mit den Wellenbergen 20 reicht der Kühlkanal mit dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Innenraum besonders nah an den Ringträger des Kolbens heran, so dass auch dieser Bereich zuverlässig gekühlt wird. Ferner ergibt sich eine größere Innenfläche des Kühlkanals, verglichen mit einem Verlauf des Kühlkanals, der auf einem bestimmten Niveau verbleibt, sowie eine längere Verweildauer des Kühlöls, so dass die Kühlleistung insgesamt erhöht werden kann. Wie aus Fig. 3 zu erkennen ist, ergibt sich für die Gestalt des Innenraums des Kühlkanals 16 insgesamt eine "kronenartige" Form. With the wave crests 20, the cooling channel with the interior shown in FIG. 3 extends particularly close to the ring carrier of the piston, so that this area is also reliably cooled. Furthermore, there is a larger inner surface of the Cooling channel, compared to a course of the cooling channel that remains at a certain level, and a longer residence time of the cooling oil, so that the cooling capacity can be increased overall. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the shape of the interior of the cooling channel 16 results overall in a "crown-like" shape.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben (10) für Verbrennungsmotoren mit einem ringförmigen oder aus mehreren Ringsegmenten bestehenden Kühlkanal (16), der einen in seinem Verlauf weitgehend gleichbleibenden Querschnitt aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kanal (16) zumindest abschnittsweise in Richtung der Kolbenachse (18) wellenförmig verläuft.1. Liquid-cooled piston (10) for internal combustion engines with an annular cooling channel (16) consisting of several ring segments, which has a largely constant cross section, characterized in that the channel (16) at least in sections in the direction of the piston axis (18) undulating.
2. Kolben nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand von Wellental (22) zu Wellenberg mehr als das 1,5-fache der Abmessung des Kühlkanals in Richtung der Kolbenachse (18) beträgt.2. Piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance from trough (22) to crest is more than 1.5 times the dimension of the cooling channel in the direction of the piston axis (18).
3. Kolben nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wanddicke zwischen Kühlkanal (16) und Ringträgern (14) auf 0-10 mm, vorzugsweise 0-5 mm, insbesondere 0-2 mm verringert ist.3. Piston according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall thickness between the cooling channel (16) and ring carriers (14) is reduced to 0-10 mm, preferably 0-5 mm, in particular 0-2 mm.
4. Kolben nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der vollständigen Wellen in einer Hälfte des Kühlkanals (16) ungerade ist, so dass sich oberhalb des Bolzenauges (12) ein Wellenberg (20c) befindet.4. Piston according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of complete waves in one half of the cooling channel (16) is odd, so that there is a wave crest (20c) above the pin eye (12).
5. Kolben nach zumindest einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt des Kühlkanals (16) im wesentlichen oval ist und vorzugsweise nach außen geneigt ausgerichtet ist. 5. Piston according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the cooling channel (16) is substantially oval and is preferably inclined outwards.
EP00949192A 1999-07-02 2000-06-19 Liquid-cooled piston Expired - Lifetime EP1198667B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19930630 1999-07-02
DE19930630A DE19930630C1 (en) 1999-07-02 1999-07-02 Liquid-cooled piston for I.C. engines has an annular cooling channel that runs in an undulating fashion in the direction of the piston axis
PCT/EP2000/005633 WO2001002713A1 (en) 1999-07-02 2000-06-19 Liquid-cooled piston

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EP1198667A1 true EP1198667A1 (en) 2002-04-24
EP1198667B1 EP1198667B1 (en) 2006-02-08

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US (1) US6499386B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1198667B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003526755A (en)
AT (1) ATE317497T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0011981B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19930630C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2256023T3 (en)
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ES2256023T3 (en) 2006-07-16
JP2003526755A (en) 2003-09-09
BR0011981A (en) 2002-03-19
EP1198667B1 (en) 2006-02-08
DE19930630C1 (en) 2000-10-26
PL198900B1 (en) 2008-07-31
DE50012199D1 (en) 2006-04-20
US6499386B2 (en) 2002-12-31
US20020162448A1 (en) 2002-11-07
ATE317497T1 (en) 2006-02-15
WO2001002713A1 (en) 2001-01-11
BR0011981B1 (en) 2010-07-27

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