EP0855499B1 - Liquid cooling piston - Google Patents

Liquid cooling piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0855499B1
EP0855499B1 EP98100989A EP98100989A EP0855499B1 EP 0855499 B1 EP0855499 B1 EP 0855499B1 EP 98100989 A EP98100989 A EP 98100989A EP 98100989 A EP98100989 A EP 98100989A EP 0855499 B1 EP0855499 B1 EP 0855499B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
coolant
openings
channel
liquid
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98100989A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0855499A1 (en
Inventor
Stephan Thieme
Edgar Martin
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Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
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Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
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Publication of EP0855499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0855499A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00Pistons 
    • F02F3/16Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston for Internal combustion engines.
  • the pistons of internal combustion engines are due to the in the Combustion chamber takes place high thermal burns Subjected to loads. Here it is particularly at Diesel engines and supercharged engines conveniently Cooling of the pistons by the supply of coolant To ensure voids in the piston.
  • DE 34 44 661 A1 describes a liquid-cooled piston known that several in addition to an annular coolant channel Has blind holes that are from the annular Branch off the coolant duct in the direction of the piston crown. Furthermore, several are arranged radially in a star shape extending coolant channels formed, and in The intersection of these coolant channels is a drain opening intended. There is thus also for this known piston the disadvantage that the coolant in that area after drains below, which is the highest thermal load is subjected, so that the cooling is insufficient. Further has the described arrangement of coolant channels very complicated shape, so that this piston only with an undesirable amount of effort and extremely complicated, multi-armed casting cores can be produced. This disadvantage remains in particular also for an embodiment of the DE 34 44 661 A1 known piston, in which Crossing point of the radially extending coolant channels none Drain opening is formed.
  • the prior art known liquid-cooled pistons is the present Invention, the object of a liquid-cooled To create pistons for an internal combustion engine, in which a sufficient cooling of the piston in all areas is guaranteed, and in addition at a low Manufacturing effort to manufacture and with a low Installation effort is to be installed.
  • two ring segment-shaped formed in an upper piston part Coolant channels are provided, each with respect to a Piston pin axis symmetrical point for coolant supply and openings to the coolant drain to a crankcase have.
  • Piston pin axis the advantage that when installing the Do not pay attention to the orientation of the piston got to.
  • are in the segment of a ring Coolant channels at locations related to the Piston pin axis are arranged symmetrically, openings provided, and the areas of the openings are through the radially extending connecting channel connected to each other.
  • the piston is consequently symmetrical to the piston pin axis trained, and each of the ring segment-shaped Coolant channels formed openings can be used as a or used as a drain hole.
  • each of the ring segment-shaped Coolant channels formed openings can be used as a or used as a drain hole.
  • the coolant is drained from the Piston according to the invention in no way in a medium Area of the piston, the particularly high thermal Is subject to loads.
  • Through the flow of the Coolant through the connection channel below the The combustion chamber trough is appropriately discharged to the Pistons transfer heat, and the coolant is in one Marginal area drained, which to a lesser extent anyway is subject to thermal stress. This allows in expediently always sufficient heat dissipation respectively.
  • connecting channel it is preferred that this at least is inclined in some areas.
  • Design of the connecting channel can be advantageous an adaptation of the course of the connecting channel to the shape the combustion chamber trough or the piston crown as a whole.
  • connection channel can its course to the bottom one in the piston crown trained combustion bowl can be adjusted.
  • This Measure can be a particularly reliable cooling of the piston in the particularly heated area of the combustion chamber trough respectively.
  • the connecting channel can be special be brought close to the piston crown for cooling to accomplish this area, at the same time the Coolant supply to the bottom of the Connection channel, in the area of the ring segment Cooling channels arranged openings in a simple manner can be guaranteed.
  • each provided deflection devices are a coolant jet directed at the opening depending on the stroke height of the piston in the cylinder the ring segment-shaped coolant channels or Connection channel distracts.
  • the described Deflection device is, for example, a rib-like projection that in the area of the opening bottom, that is, the zone closest to the piston crown, is trained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic Top view of the piston 10 according to the invention the course of the Coolant channels shown.
  • outer half of the upper piston part of the Piston 10 each have a ring segment-shaped coolant channel 12a and 12b trained.
  • Coolant channels 12a and 12b are diametrically opposite one another on two opposite, symmetrical to the piston pin axis 14
  • In the 1 are the mouths of the openings 16a, 16b and 18 drawn in dashed lines.
  • this connecting channel 20 is in its Course not open to the crankcase. Rather, the Connection channel 20 only in the area of the openings 16a, 16b and 18 with the ring segment-shaped channels 12a and 12b in Connection. As a result, the coolant is supplied via a of the two openings 16a and 16b each in the ring segment-shaped coolant channels 12a, 12b or over the Opening 18 in the connecting channel 20.
  • the coolant that enters the connection channel 20 cools due to the heat transfer from the surrounding areas of the Piston upper part, which is below the piston crown and in particular in the area of the combustion chamber trough Zones of the piston.
  • the coolant is drained through the other opening 18.
  • the Pistons through the corresponding arrangement of the openings 16a, 16b and the connecting channel 20 to the piston pin axis 14 completely symmetrical, so that the installation of the piston is simplified can not be by the orientation of the piston 10 must be observed.
  • connection channel 20 in the area of the openings 16a, 16b, 18, of which only the Openings 16a and 18 are shown, with (not in Fig. 2 shown) is connected to ring segment-shaped channel 12a, extends upwards from the area of the opening 18, inclined in the direction of the piston crown 24 and is thereby on adapted the shape of the combustion chamber trough 22.
  • the piston crown 24 is in a central section is comparatively minor except while the recess towards the edge areas becomes larger to form an annular combustion chamber trough.
  • the connecting channel 20 is from the edge region rising towards the middle of the piston educated. Due to the symmetrical shape of the The combustion chamber trough 22 also runs to the connecting channel 20 Piston pin axis symmetrical, so that there is largely roof-like course of the connecting channel 20 sets.
  • connection channel 20 from the combustion chamber trough 22 Due to the comparatively small distance of the Connection channel 20 from the combustion chamber trough 22 can thereby good heat dissipation can be ensured.
  • connection channel 20 Due to the comparatively small distance of the Connection channel 20 from the combustion chamber trough 22 can thereby good heat dissipation can be ensured.
  • Deflection devices 26 in the form of a rounded projection or a rib. Due to the lifting height of the piston 10 in the Cylinder bushing provide these deflectors 26 on the the coolant jet (not shown) strikes for one Deflection of the coolant jet as shown in FIG Fig. 3 in the left or right ring segment-shaped Coolant channel 12a, 12b or in the connecting channel 20 (where, as already mentioned, the right ring segment Coolant channel 12b is not shown).
  • the Deflection devices 26 are each at the bottom of the opening 16a, 16b, 18, that is to say on the opposite of the coolant inlet Side of the opening 16a, 16b, 18 formed and have the dashed lines in Fig. 1 in Fig. 1 drawn shape.
  • opening 16a, 16b, 18, which ensures that the oil is drained obstructs the corresponding rib 26 the outflow of the cooling oil so that the Piston 10 according to the invention can be designed symmetrically and can be installed in any orientation in order for the opening 16a, 16b, 18 used as the inlet opening to use advantageous effect of the ribs 26.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft einen flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kolben für Verbrennungsmotoren.The invention relates to a liquid-cooled piston for Internal combustion engines.

Die Kolben von Verbrennungsmotoren sind aufgrund der in dem Brennraum stattfindenden Verbrennungen hohen thermischen Belastungen unterworfen. Hierbei ist es insbesondere bei Dieselmotoren und aufgeladenen Motoren zweckmäßig, die Kühlung der Kolben durch die Zuführung von Kühlmittel zu Hohlräumen in dem Kolben zu gewährleisten.The pistons of internal combustion engines are due to the in the Combustion chamber takes place high thermal burns Subjected to loads. Here it is particularly at Diesel engines and supercharged engines conveniently Cooling of the pistons by the supply of coolant To ensure voids in the piston.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der DE 30 19 953 A1 ist es bekannt, in einem Kolbenoberteil einen ringförmigen Kühlmittelkanal vorzusehen, der über geeignete Einlaßbohrungen von der Seite des Kurbelraumes her mit Kühlmittel, beispielsweise Öl, beaufschlagt wird. Über einen kurzen radial verlaufenden Kühlmittelkanal, der von dem ringförmigen Kühlmittelkanal abgezweigt ist, wird das Kühlmittel etwa im Zentrum des Kolbens zum Kurbelraum hin abgelassen. Eine derartige Anordnung der Kühlmittelkanäle ist deshalb von Nachteil, weil das Kühlmittel im mittleren Bereich des Kolbens, der einer besonders hohen Wärmebelastung unterliegt, den Kontakt zu dem Kolben verliert, wenn es aus der Ablaßöffnung ausfließt. Eine hinreichende Kühlung des Kolbens kann somit durch die aus der genannten Druckschrift bekannte Anordnung von Kühlmittelkanälen nicht immer gewährleistet werden. Da bei diesem bekannten Kolben der Ölablauf über dem Bolzenlager liegen muß, sind die gezeigten Kühlmittelkanäle ferner nur für flache Mulden oder nur halbseitig zu verwenden.From DE 30 19 953 A1 it is known in one To provide an upper coolant channel for the piston upper part, which has suitable inlet bores from the side of the Crankcase forth with coolant, such as oil, is applied. Over a short radial Coolant channel from the annular coolant channel is branched off, the coolant is approximately in the center of the Lower the piston towards the crankcase. Such Arrangement of the coolant channels is disadvantageous because the coolant in the middle of the piston, the one subject to particularly high heat loads, contact with the The piston loses if it flows out of the drain opening. A Adequate cooling of the piston can thus be ensured by the known arrangement known arrangement of Coolant channels are not always guaranteed. There with this known piston the oil drain over the pin bearing must lie, the coolant channels shown are also only to be used for flat troughs or only on one side.

Aus der DE 34 44 661 A1 ist ein flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben bekannt, der neben einem ringförmigen Kühlmittelkanal mehrere Sacklochbohrungen aufweist, die von dem ringförmigen Kühlmittelkanal in Richtung des Kolbenbodens abzweigen. Ferner sind mehrere sternförmig angeordnete, radial verlaufende Kühlmittelkanäle ausgebildet, und im Kreuzungspunkt dieser Kühlmittelkanäle ist eine Ablaßöffnung vorgesehen. Somit besteht auch für diesen bekannten Kolben der Nachteil, daß das Kühlmittel in demjenigen Bereich nach unten abfließt, welcher der höchsten thermischen Belastung unterworfen ist, so daß die Kühlung unzureichend ist. Ferner weist die beschriebene Anordnung von Kühlmittelkanälen eine sehr komplizierte Gestalt auf, so daß dieser Kolben nur mit einem unerwünscht hohen Aufwand und äußerst komplizierten, mehrarmigen Gießkernen herstellbar ist. Dieser Nachteil verbleibt insbesondere auch für eine Ausführungsform des aus der DE 34 44 661 A1 bekannten Kolbens, bei der im Kreuzungspunkt der radial verlaufenden Kühlmittelkanäle keine Ablaßöffnung ausgebildet ist.DE 34 44 661 A1 describes a liquid-cooled piston known that several in addition to an annular coolant channel Has blind holes that are from the annular Branch off the coolant duct in the direction of the piston crown. Furthermore, several are arranged radially in a star shape extending coolant channels formed, and in The intersection of these coolant channels is a drain opening intended. There is thus also for this known piston the disadvantage that the coolant in that area after drains below, which is the highest thermal load is subjected, so that the cooling is insufficient. Further has the described arrangement of coolant channels very complicated shape, so that this piston only with an undesirable amount of effort and extremely complicated, multi-armed casting cores can be produced. This disadvantage remains in particular also for an embodiment of the DE 34 44 661 A1 known piston, in which Crossing point of the radially extending coolant channels none Drain opening is formed.

Schließlich ist aus der DE 38 19 663 ein flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben mit zwei ringförmigen Hohlräumen im Kolbenoberteil und im Kolbenunterteil, sowie einem mittleren Hohlraum bekannt. Auch dieser Kolben ist jedoch aufgrund der komplizierten Gestalt der vorhandenen Kühlmittelkanäle nur mit einem hohen Herstellungsaufwand zu fertigen. Finally, from DE 38 19 663 liquid-cooled piston with two annular cavities in the upper piston part and in the lower piston part, as well as one middle cavity known. However, this piston is also due to the complicated shape of the existing one Coolant channels only with a high manufacturing cost finished.

Angesichts dieser Nachteile der im Stand der Technik bekannten flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kolben liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen flüssigkeitsgekühlten Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor zu schaffen, bei dem eine ausreichende Kühlung des Kolbens in sämtlichen Bereichen gewährleistet ist, und der darüber hinaus bei einem geringen Herstellungsaufwand zu fertigen und mit einem geringen Montageaufwand einzubauen ist.Given these disadvantages, the prior art known liquid-cooled pistons is the present Invention, the object of a liquid-cooled To create pistons for an internal combustion engine, in which a sufficient cooling of the piston in all areas is guaranteed, and in addition at a low Manufacturing effort to manufacture and with a low Installation effort is to be installed.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch einen Kolben mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This problem is solved by a piston with the Features of claim 1.

Demzufolge sind bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kolben zum einen zwei in einem Kolbenoberteil ausgebildete, ringsegmentförmige Kühlmittelkanäle vorgesehen, die jeweils an bezüglich einer Kolbenbolzenachse symmetrischen Stelle zur Kühlmittelzufuhr und zum Kühlmittelablaß zu einem Kurbelraum hin Öffnungen besitzen. Zum anderen ist ein radial verlaufender, in seinem Verlauf zum Kurbelraum hin geschlossener Verbindungskanal vorgesehen, der mit den ringsegmentförmigen Kanälen im Bereich der Öffnungen in den Kurbelraum mündet.Accordingly, on the one hand, in the piston according to the invention two ring segment-shaped formed in an upper piston part Coolant channels are provided, each with respect to a Piston pin axis symmetrical point for coolant supply and openings to the coolant drain to a crankcase have. On the other hand, there is a radial one in its Connection channel closed towards the crankcase provided with the ring segment-shaped channels in Area of the openings in the crankcase opens.

Durch die einfache Gestalt der in dem erfindungsgemäßen Kolben vorgesehenen Hohlräume zur Kühlmittelzufuhr, nämlich zwei ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanälen und einem Verbindungs- oder Brückenkanal, ist der erfindungsgemäße Kolben mit Hilfe eines einfachen Gießkernes mit geringem Aufwand herstellbar. Ferner ergibt sich aufgrund der Symmetrie des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens zu der Kolbenbolzenachse der Vorteil, daß bei der Montage des Kolbens nicht auf die Ausrichtung des Kolbens geachtet werden muß. Wie erwähnt, sind in den ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanälen an Stellen, die bezüglich der Kolbenbolzenachse symmetrisch angeordnet sind, Öffnungen vorgesehen, und die Bereiche der Öffnungen sind durch den radial verlaufenden Verbindungskanal miteinander verbunden. Der Kolben ist folglich zur Kolbenbolzenachse symmetrisch ausgebildet, und jede der in den ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanälen ausgebildeten Öffnungen kann als Zuführ- oder als Ablaßöffnung verwendet werden. Bei der Montage des Kolbens macht es somit keinen Unterschied, welche der beiden Öffnungen im Bereich derjenigen Vorrichtung in dem Kurbelraum angeordnet wird, die für eine Zuführung des Kühlmittels, beispielsweise Kühlöl, zu den Hohlräumen des Kolbens sorgt.The simple shape of the in the invention Pistons provided cavities for the supply of coolant, namely two ring-shaped coolant channels and one Connection or bridge channel, is the invention Piston using a simple casting core with little Effort can be made. Furthermore, due to the Symmetry of the piston according to the invention Piston pin axis the advantage that when installing the Do not pay attention to the orientation of the piston got to. As mentioned, are in the segment of a ring Coolant channels at locations related to the Piston pin axis are arranged symmetrically, openings provided, and the areas of the openings are through the radially extending connecting channel connected to each other. The piston is consequently symmetrical to the piston pin axis trained, and each of the ring segment-shaped Coolant channels formed openings can be used as a or used as a drain hole. When assembling the So Kolbens makes no difference which of the two Openings in the area of that device in the crankcase is arranged for a supply of the coolant, for example cooling oil, to the cavities of the piston.

Ferner ist der unterhalb der Brennraummulde in dem Kolbenboden verlaufende Verbindungskanal zum Kurbelraum hin geschlossen. Somit erfolgt der Ablaß des Kühlmittels bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kolben keinesfalls in einem mittleren Bereich des Kolbens, der besonders hohen thermischen Belastungen unterworfen ist. Durch den Durchfluß des Kühlmittels durch den Verbindungskanal unterhalb der Brennraummulde erfolgt eine zweckmäßige Abführung der auf den Kolben übertragenen Wärme, und das Kühlmittel wird in einem Randbereich abgelassen, der ohnehin in geringerem Ausmaß einer Wärmebelastung unterliegt. Hierdurch kann in zweckmäßiger Weise eine stets ausreichende Wärmeabfuhr erfolgen.Furthermore, the is below the combustion chamber trough in the Piston bottom connecting channel to the crankcase closed. Thus, the coolant is drained from the Piston according to the invention in no way in a medium Area of the piston, the particularly high thermal Is subject to loads. Through the flow of the Coolant through the connection channel below the The combustion chamber trough is appropriately discharged to the Pistons transfer heat, and the coolant is in one Marginal area drained, which to a lesser extent anyway is subject to thermal stress. This allows in expediently always sufficient heat dissipation respectively.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.Preferred embodiments of the invention are in the further claims described.

Für den Verbindungskanal wird bevorzugt, daß dieser zumindest bereichsweise geneigt ausgebildet ist. Durch eine derartige Gestaltung des Verbindungskanals kann in vorteilhafter Weise eine Anpassung des Verlaufs des Verbindungskanals an die Form der Brennraummulde bzw. des Kolbenbodens insgesamt erfolgen.For the connecting channel it is preferred that this at least is inclined in some areas. By such Design of the connecting channel can be advantageous an adaptation of the course of the connecting channel to the shape the combustion chamber trough or the piston crown as a whole.

Ferner wird hierdurch für einen zuverlässigen Durchfluß des Kühlmittels, ohne die Gefahr eines Staus, gesorgt. Furthermore, this ensures a reliable flow of the Coolant without the risk of a jam.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann der Verbindungskanal hinsichtlich seines Verlaufs an den Boden einer in dem Kolbenboden ausgebildeten Brennraummulde angepaßt werden. Durch diese Maßnahme kann eine besonders zuverlässige Kühlung des Kolbens in dem besonders stark erwärmten Bereich der Brennraummulde erfolgen.In an advantageous manner, the connection channel can its course to the bottom one in the piston crown trained combustion bowl can be adjusted. Through this Measure can be a particularly reliable cooling of the piston in the particularly heated area of the combustion chamber trough respectively.

In besonderen Versuchen hat es sich darüber hinaus als vorteilhaft erwiesen, den Verbindungskanal überwiegend oberhalb des Niveaus der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle auszubilden. Hierdurch kann der Verbindungskanal besonders nahe an den Kolbenboden herangeführt werden, um die Kühlung dieses Bereichs zu bewerkstelligen, wobei gleichzeitig die Zuführung von Kühlmittel zu den unterhalb des Verbindungskanals, im Bereich der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlkanäle angeordneten Öffnungen in einfacher Weise gewährleistet werden kann.In special experiments it has also proven to be proven to be predominant in the connecting channel above the level of the ring segment-shaped coolant channels train. As a result, the connecting channel can be special be brought close to the piston crown for cooling to accomplish this area, at the same time the Coolant supply to the bottom of the Connection channel, in the area of the ring segment Cooling channels arranged openings in a simple manner can be guaranteed.

Für die Verteilung des Kühlmittels in die als Einlaßöffnung fungierende Öffnung der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle bietet es besondere Vorteile, wenn im Bereich der Öffnungen der Kühlmittelkanäle jeweils Ablenkeinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, die einen auf die Öffnung gerichteten Kühlmittelstrahl in Abhängigkeit der Hubhöhe des Kolbens im Zylinder in einen der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle oder den Verbindungskanal ablenkt. Bei der beschriebenen Ablenkeinrichtung handelt es sich beispielsweise um einen rippenartigen Vorsprung, der im Bereich des Öffnungsbodens, also der Zone, die dem Kolbenboden am nächsten ist, ausgebildet ist. Durch geeignete Gestaltung dieser Ablenkeinrichtungen wird hierdurch im Verlauf des Arbeitszyklus eine Zuführung des Kühlmittels zu sämtlichen Kühlmittelkanälen des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens sichergestellt.For the distribution of the coolant in the inlet opening Acting opening of the ring segment-shaped coolant channels it offers special advantages when in the area of the openings of the coolant channels each provided deflection devices are a coolant jet directed at the opening depending on the stroke height of the piston in the cylinder the ring segment-shaped coolant channels or Connection channel distracts. With the described Deflection device is, for example, a rib-like projection that in the area of the opening bottom, that is, the zone closest to the piston crown, is trained. By appropriate design of this Deflection devices is thereby in the course of Work cycle a supply of coolant to all Coolant channels of the piston according to the invention ensured.

Für die Querschnitte der Kühlmittelkanäle haben Versuche ergeben, daß es vorteilhaft ist, diese derart auszubilden, daß sie in einer Entfernung von den Öffnungen größer werden. In Verbindung mit geeignet gestalteten, vergleichsweise großen Öffnungen, durch die das Kühlmittel abfließt, kann hierdurch eine kurze Verweildauer des Kühlöls erreicht werden, was für eine äußerst geringe Erwärmung des Kolbenbodens und des Brennraummuldenbodens sorgt.We have tests for the cross sections of the coolant channels show that it is advantageous to design them in such a way that they get bigger at a distance from the openings. In connection with suitably designed, comparatively large openings through which the coolant can drain this results in a short residence time of the cooling oil what an extremely low heating of the Piston bottom and the combustion chamber trough bottom ensures.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert.
Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Draufsicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens mit dem Verlauf der Kühlmittelkanäle;
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht des Kolbens senkrecht zur Kolbenbolzenachse; und
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens mit Teilschnitt parallel zur Kolbenbolzenachse.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic plan view of the piston according to the invention with the course of the coolant channels;
Fig. 2
a sectional view of the piston perpendicular to the piston pin axis; and
Fig. 3
a side view of the piston according to the invention with partial section parallel to the piston pin axis.

Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der ErfindungDescription of an embodiment of the invention

Bei der Darstellung von Fig. 1 ist in einer schematischen Draufsicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens 10 der Verlauf der Kühlmittelkanäle dargestellt. Im einzelnen ist in der in radialer Richtung äußeren Hälfte des Kolbenoberteils des Kolbens 10 je ein ringsegmentförmiger Kühlmittelkanal 12a und 12b ausgebildet. Im Verlauf der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle 12a und 12b sind an zwei diametral einander gegenüberliegenden, zur Kolbenbolzenachse 14 symmetrischen Stellen Öffnungen 16a, 16b und 18 ausgebildet. In der Darstellung von Fig. 1 sind die Mündungen der Öffnungen 16a, 16b und 18 gestrichelt gezeichnet. 1 is a schematic Top view of the piston 10 according to the invention the course of the Coolant channels shown. In particular, in the radial direction outer half of the upper piston part of the Piston 10 each have a ring segment-shaped coolant channel 12a and 12b trained. In the course of the ring segment Coolant channels 12a and 12b are diametrically opposite one another on two opposite, symmetrical to the piston pin axis 14 Make openings 16a, 16b and 18 formed. In the 1 are the mouths of the openings 16a, 16b and 18 drawn in dashed lines.

Im Bereich der Öffnungen 16a und 16b ist ein Verbindungskanal 20, der auch als Brückenkanal bezeichnet wird, mit den ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanälen 12a, 12b verbunden. Erfindungsgemäß ist dieser Verbindungskanal 20 in seinem Verlauf nicht zum Kurbelraum hin geöffnet. Vielmehr steht der Verbindungskanal 20 lediglich im Bereich der Öffnungen 16a, 16b und 18 mit den ringsegmentförmigen Kanälen 12a und 12b in Verbindung. Hierdurch erfolgt die Kühlmittelzufuhr über eine der beiden Öffnungen 16a und 16b jeweils in die ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle 12a, 12b oder über die Öffnung 18 in den Verbindungskanal 20.In the area of the openings 16a and 16b there is a connecting channel 20, which is also referred to as a bridge channel, with the ring segment-shaped coolant channels 12a, 12b connected. According to the invention, this connecting channel 20 is in its Course not open to the crankcase. Rather, the Connection channel 20 only in the area of the openings 16a, 16b and 18 with the ring segment-shaped channels 12a and 12b in Connection. As a result, the coolant is supplied via a of the two openings 16a and 16b each in the ring segment-shaped coolant channels 12a, 12b or over the Opening 18 in the connecting channel 20.

Das Kühlmittel, das in den Verbindungskanal 20 gelangt, kühlt durch den Wärmeübergang von den umgebenden Bereichen des Kolbenoberteils, die unterhalb des Kolbenbodens und insbesondere im Bereich der Brennraummulde liegen, diese Zonen des Kolbens. Der Abfluß des Kühlmittels erfolgt durch die jeweils andere Öffnung 18. Wie beschrieben, ist der Kolben durch die entsprechende Anordnung der Öffnungen 16a, 16b und den Verbindungskanal 20 zur Kolbenbolzenachse 14 völlig symmetrisch, so daß der Einbau des Kolbens vereinfacht werden kann, indem die Ausrichtung des Kolbens 10 nicht beachtet werden muß.The coolant that enters the connection channel 20 cools due to the heat transfer from the surrounding areas of the Piston upper part, which is below the piston crown and in particular in the area of the combustion chamber trough Zones of the piston. The coolant is drained through the other opening 18. As described, the Pistons through the corresponding arrangement of the openings 16a, 16b and the connecting channel 20 to the piston pin axis 14 completely symmetrical, so that the installation of the piston is simplified can not be by the orientation of the piston 10 must be observed.

Je nachdem welche der Öffnungen 16a, 16b, 18 oberhalb derjenigen Einrichtung in dem Kurbelraum angeordnet wird, die für die Zuführung des Kühlmittelstrahls zu dem Kolben 10 sorgt, gelangt das Kühlmittel durch die entsprechende Öffnung in einen der Kühlmittelkanäle 12a, 12b und 20 und verläßt diese Kanäle durch die andere der Öffnungen 16a, 16b, 18. In der Draufsicht von Fig. 1 ist ebenfalls zu erkennen, daß die Kanäle 12a, 12b und 20 in dem von den Öffnungen 16a, 16b und 18 entfernten Bereich größer werdend ausgebildet sind, was sich für die Kühlwirkung durch das hindurchfließende Kühlmittel als vorteilhaft erwiesen hat. Depending on which of the openings 16a, 16b, 18 above is arranged in the crankcase of the device that for supplying the coolant jet to the piston 10 the coolant passes through the corresponding opening into one of the coolant channels 12a, 12b and 20 and leaves these channels through the other of the openings 16a, 16b, 18. In the top view of Fig. 1 can also be seen that the Channels 12a, 12b and 20 in that of the openings 16a, 16b and 18 distant areas are becoming larger, which yourself for the cooling effect through the flowing Coolant has proven advantageous.

In der Schnittdarstellung von Fig. 2, die einen Schnitt senkrecht zur Kolbenbolzenachse darstellt, ist insbesondere der an eine Brennraummulde 22 angepaßte Verlauf des Verbindungskanals 20 zu erkennen. Der Verbindungskanal 20, der im Bereich der Öffnungen 16a, 16b, 18, von denen nur die Öffnungen 16a und 18 gezeigt sind, mit dem (in Fig. 2 nicht gezeigten) ringsegmentförmigen Kanal 12a verbunden ist, verläuft ausgehend von dem Bereich der Öffnung 18 nach oben, in Richtung des Kolbenbodens 24 geneigt und ist dadurch an die Gestalt der Brennraummulde 22 angepaßt.In the sectional view of Fig. 2, the section perpendicular to the piston pin axis is, in particular the course of the adapted to a combustion chamber trough 22 Recognize connecting channel 20. The connection channel 20, in the area of the openings 16a, 16b, 18, of which only the Openings 16a and 18 are shown, with (not in Fig. 2 shown) is connected to ring segment-shaped channel 12a, extends upwards from the area of the opening 18, inclined in the direction of the piston crown 24 and is thereby on adapted the shape of the combustion chamber trough 22.

Wie in Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, ist der Kolbenboden 24 in einem zentralen Abschnitt vergleichsweise geringfügig ausgenommen, während die Ausnehmung zu den Randbereichen hin zur Ausbildung einer ringförmigen Brennraummulde größer wird. Für eine optimale Kühlung des Bereichs unterhalb der Brennraummulde 22, der in hohem Ausmaß einer Wärmebelastung unterworfen ist, ist der Verbindungskanal 20 vom Randbereich in Richtung des mittleren Bereichs des Kolbens ansteigend ausgebildet. Aufgrund der symmetrischen Gestalt der Brennraummulde 22 verläuft auch der Verbindungskanal 20 zur Kolbenbolzenachse symmetrisch, so daß sich ein weitgehend dachartiger Verlauf des Verbindungskanals 20 einstellt.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the piston crown 24 is in a central section is comparatively minor except while the recess towards the edge areas becomes larger to form an annular combustion chamber trough. For optimal cooling of the area below the Combustion chamber trough 22, which is a high degree of thermal stress is subjected, the connecting channel 20 is from the edge region rising towards the middle of the piston educated. Due to the symmetrical shape of the The combustion chamber trough 22 also runs to the connecting channel 20 Piston pin axis symmetrical, so that there is largely roof-like course of the connecting channel 20 sets.

Durch den vergleichsweise geringen Abstand des Verbindungskanals 20 von der Brennraummulde 22 kann hierdurch eine gute Wärmeabfuhr sichergestellt werden. Insbesondere kann von einem an die Gestalt der Brennraummulde 22 angepaßten Verlauf des Verbindungskanals 20 gesprochen werden, der in vorteilhafter Weise für eine optimierte Kühlung dieser Zonen sorgt.Due to the comparatively small distance of the Connection channel 20 from the combustion chamber trough 22 can thereby good heat dissipation can be ensured. In particular can vary from one to the shape of the combustion chamber trough 22 adapted course of the connecting channel 20 spoken be optimized in an advantageous manner for Cooling these zones ensures.

Aus Fig. 2, in welcher der vollständige Verlauf des Verbindungskanals 20 angedeutet ist, geht ferner hervor, daß dieser erfindungsgemäß zum Kurbelraum hin verschlossen ist, so daß der Abfluß des Kühlmittels in einem Randbereich, über eine der Öffnungen 18 erfolgt, so daß insbesondere eine ausreichende Kühlung des einer besonderen Wärmebelastung unterliegenden mittleren Bereichs gewährleistet ist.From Fig. 2, in which the complete course of the Connection channel 20 is indicated, it also appears that this is closed towards the crank chamber according to the invention, so that the outflow of the coolant in an edge area, over one of the openings 18 takes place, so that in particular one adequate cooling of a special heat load underlying central area is guaranteed.

Aus dem parallel zur Kolbenbolzenachse 14 genommenen Teilschnitt der Fig. 3 ist ein fakultatives Merkmal der gezeigten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens 10, nämlich eine der Ablenkeinrichtungen 26 zu erkennen. Aus der Schnittdarstellung von Fig. 3 ergibt sich zum einen die Anordnung der ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanäle 12a, 12b in einem Randbereich und in einem unteren Bereich des Kolbenoberteils. Der in der Fig. 3 nicht dargestellte Kühlmittelkanal 12b liegt in bezug auf die senkrecht zur Achse des Kolenbolzens stehende Kolbenmittelachse symmetrisch zu dem dargestellten Kühlmittelkanal 12a. Ferner ist im mittleren, oberen Bereich des Kolbens 10 zu sehen, daß der Verbindungskanal 20 an die Brennraummulde 22 zur Kühlung dieser Zonen des Kolbens 10 herangeführt ist.From the one taken parallel to the piston pin axis 14 3 is an optional feature of shown embodiment of the piston 10 according to the invention, namely to recognize one of the deflection devices 26. From the 3 shows on the one hand the Arrangement of the ring segment-shaped coolant channels 12a, 12b in an edge area and in a lower area of the Piston upper part. The one not shown in FIG. 3 Coolant channel 12b is perpendicular to the Axis of the piston pin standing piston center axis symmetrical to the coolant channel 12a shown. Furthermore, in middle, upper region of the piston 10 to see that the Connection channel 20 to the combustion chamber trough 22 for cooling of these zones of the piston 10 is brought up.

Bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform befinden sich im Bereich der Öffnungen 16a und 18 (symmetrisch ebenso im Bereich der nicht dargestellten Öffnung 16b) zu den Kühlmittelkanälen 12a und 20 (symmetrisch ebenso zu dem nicht dargestellten Kühlmittelkanal 12b) in Fig. 3 teils gestrichelt gezeichnete Ablenkeinrichtungen 26, in Form eines gerundeten Vorsprungs oder einer Rippe. Aufgrund der Hubhöhe des Kolbens 10 in der Zylinderbuchse sorgen diese Ablenkeinrichtungen 26, auf die der (nicht gezeigte) Kühlmittelstrahl auftrifft, für eine Ablenkung des Kühlmittelstrahls gemäß der Darstellung von Fig. 3 in den linken oder den rechten ringsegmentförmigen Kühlmittelkanal 12a, 12b oder in den Verbindungskanal 20 (wobei, wie bereits erwähnt, der rechte ringsegmentförmige Kühlmittelkanal 12b nicht dargestellt ist). Die Ablenkeinrichtungen 26 sind jeweils am Grund der Öffnung 16a, 16b, 18, also an der dem Kühlmitteleintritt gegenüberliegenden Seite der Öffnung 16a, 16b, 18 ausgebildet und weisen in der Draufsicht die in Fig. 1 gestrichelt gezeichnete Gestalt auf. In derjenigen Öffnung 16a, 16b, 18, die für den Ölablaß sorgt, behindert die entsprechende Rippe 26 das Ausfließen des Kühlöls nicht, so daß der erfindungsgemäße Kolben 10 symmetrisch gestaltet werden kann und in beliebiger Orientierung eingebaut werden kann, um für die als Eintrittsöffnung benutzte Öffnung 16a, 16b, 18 die vorteilhafte Wirkung der Rippen 26 zu nutzen.In the embodiment shown are in the area of the openings 16a and 18 (symmetrically also in the area of Opening 16b (not shown) to the coolant channels 12a and 20 (symmetrical also to the coolant channel, not shown 12b) partially drawn in dashed lines in FIG. 3 Deflection devices 26, in the form of a rounded projection or a rib. Due to the lifting height of the piston 10 in the Cylinder bushing provide these deflectors 26 on the the coolant jet (not shown) strikes for one Deflection of the coolant jet as shown in FIG Fig. 3 in the left or right ring segment-shaped Coolant channel 12a, 12b or in the connecting channel 20 (where, as already mentioned, the right ring segment Coolant channel 12b is not shown). The Deflection devices 26 are each at the bottom of the opening 16a, 16b, 18, that is to say on the opposite of the coolant inlet Side of the opening 16a, 16b, 18 formed and have the dashed lines in Fig. 1 in Fig. 1 drawn shape. In that opening 16a, 16b, 18, which ensures that the oil is drained obstructs the corresponding rib 26 the outflow of the cooling oil, so that the Piston 10 according to the invention can be designed symmetrically and can be installed in any orientation in order for the opening 16a, 16b, 18 used as the inlet opening to use advantageous effect of the ribs 26.

Claims (6)

  1. Liquid-cooled piston (10) for internal combustion engines having:
    at least one coolant channel (12a, 12b) constructed in the shape of an annular segment in an upper part of the piston which at symmetrical points relative to a gudgeon pin axis (14) possesses openings (16a, 16b) for the supply of coolant and for the drainage of coolant to a crank space and
    a connecting channel (20) running approximately radially and closed in its path towards the crank space, which channel is connected to the channels in the form of an annular segment (12a, 12b) in the region of the openings (16a, 16b, 18).
  2. Liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines according to Claim 1, characterised in that the connecting channel (20) is constructed at least in areas with an inclination.
  3. Liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that with regard to its course at the base, the connecting channel (20) is constructed adapted to a combustion chamber depression (22) constructed in a piston base (24).
  4. Liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines according to at least one of the preceding claims characterised in that the connecting channel (20) runs predominantly above the level of the coolant channels (12a, 12b) of annular segment shape.
  5. Liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the region of the openings (16a, 16b, 18) in the coolant channels (12a, 12b, 20) a diverting device (26) is provided in each case which depending on a stroke height of the piston (10) in a cylinder diverts a jet of coolant directed at the openings (16a, 16b, 18) into one of the two coolant channels (12a, 12b) of annular segment shape or into the connecting channel (20).
  6. Liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cross-sections of the coolant channels (12a, 12b, 20) are constructed in such a way that they become larger at a distance from the openings.
EP98100989A 1997-01-28 1998-01-21 Liquid cooling piston Expired - Lifetime EP0855499B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19703001A DE19703001C2 (en) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Liquid cooled piston
DE19703001 1997-01-28

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EP0855499A1 EP0855499A1 (en) 1998-07-29
EP0855499B1 true EP0855499B1 (en) 2002-04-03

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DE (2) DE19703001C2 (en)

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CN1283900C (en) * 2000-03-23 2006-11-08 发动机有限公司 Piston for an internal combustion engine
US6494170B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2002-12-17 Caterpillar Inc Two-piece piston assembly with skirt having pin bore oil ducts
DE102004043720A1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-30 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston for an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
DE102004056769A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2006-06-01 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston for an internal combustion engine and combination of a piston with an oil injection assembly
DE202006020280U1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-02-21 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Cooling channel piston
DE102008002571A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-31 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102008038324A1 (en) * 2008-08-19 2010-02-25 Mahle International Gmbh Cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102009001888C5 (en) 2009-03-26 2019-12-24 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Pistons for an internal combustion engine
US9970384B2 (en) * 2009-11-06 2018-05-15 Federal-Mogul Llc Steel piston with cooling gallery and method of construction thereof
DE102009056922B4 (en) * 2009-12-03 2019-03-14 Mahle International Gmbh Inlet funnel for the cooling channel of a piston
DE102013013962A1 (en) 2013-08-23 2015-02-26 Mahle International Gmbh Assembly of a piston and a Anspritzdüse for an internal combustion engine
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Publication number Publication date
EP0855499A1 (en) 1998-07-29
US5890416A (en) 1999-04-06
DE19703001A1 (en) 1998-08-27
DE19703001C2 (en) 1998-12-03
DE59803581D1 (en) 2002-05-08

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