EP1195650A2 - Double sleeved electrostatographic drum and method for its use - Google Patents

Abstract

Double sleeve roller has rigid, cylindrical core (61), easily removed inner sleeve (15') and removable, yielding, outer sleeve (20') which lies close to inner sleeve (15). Inner sleeve has strengthening band in form of tubular endless band formed on strengthening band, protective layer is applied on inner sleeve layer. Intermediate transfer roller has two sleeves. A cylindrical, rigid core (61) and yielding inner sleeve (15') which lies close to core, surrounding it. Yielding outer sleeve (20') lies close to inner sleeve and surrounds it. Primary image forming roller, has double sleeve with cylindrical, rigid core, yielding inner sleeve surrounding core. Conductive or electrographic, yielding outer sleeve, is close to inner sleeve and surrounds it. Image forming double sleeve roller is also useable as intermediate transfer element. Independent claims for electrostatographic imaging procedure.

Description

The present invention relates to an electrostatographic device and electrostatographic method for using a roller provided with two sleeves and in particular an electrostatographic device and electrostatographic device Method of using a resilient roller provided with two sleeves, and either as a primary imaging element or as Intermediate transfer element for the electrostatic transfer of toner images Receiving elements.

The use of an intermediate transfer element in an electrostatographic Device for transferring toner from an imaging element to a Receiving element (e.g. paper) is known from the prior art and is found in commercial, electrophotographic copiers and printers use. One on one primary, imaging element (PIFM) formed image is in a first Transfer operation to an intermediate transfer element (ITM) and then in a second transfer operation from the intermediate transfer element on a receiving element. During the second transfer of a toner image from one Intermediate transfer roller on a receiving element, is usually a Back-up roller used behind a paper receiving element, wherein a gap is formed to press the receiving element against the intermediate transfer element.

The use is as described in US 5,084,735 and US 5,370,961 a compliant intermediate transfer roller on which a thick compliant layer and a relatively thin, hard top layer is applied, the quality improvement of the electrostatic toner transfer from one imaging element to one Receiving element, in comparison with a non-compliant Intermediate transfer roller. US 5,187,526 also describes that the electrostatic transfer can be improved by using the intermediate transfer roller and another specific electrical one for the transfer backup roller Resistance is specified. US 5,701,567 describes one Intermediate transfer roller, which is a flexible cloth with electrodes embedded in it comprises to spatially control the application of an electrical transmission field to be able to. In the prior art, the use of a compliant Intermediate transfer roller in connection with a paper conveyor belt in one multi-color electrophotographic machine.

A replaceable endless belt or has long been used in offset printing tubular cloth on an idler roller use, like recently in the US 5,894,796, the tubular cloth made of different materials, such as Rubber and plastic, and with an inner layer of aluminum or another metal can be reinforced. As previously in US 4,144,812 described, an offset intermediate transfer roller includes a portion that a has a slightly smaller diameter than the main body, so that a cloth element over the narrower section can be pushed until it reaches a position where openings made in the roller allow a pressurized fluid, e.g. Compressed air through the openings and thereby stretch the cloth element to the to be able to slide the entire cloth element onto the main body of the roller. As soon as the cloth is in a suitable position, the compressed air source or the Fluid source switched off, whereby the cloth element can relax, the remaining tension is still sufficient so that the cloth element fits the roller well encloses.

US 5,335,054 and US 5,745,829 describe one Intermediate transfer roller, which has a rigid core and a removable, replaceable Intermediate transfer cloth includes, the intermediate transfer cloth fixed and is interchangeably attached and supported on the core. That for use in conjunction using a liquid developer to toner a primary image Intermediate transfer fabric consists of a substantially rectangular arch that adheres to the core is mechanically supported with the help of grippers. The core (or drum) has recesses in which the grippers are arranged. From US 5,335,054 and the US 5,745,829 it can be seen that not all of the cutouts Surface of the intermediate transfer drum is usable for the transfer what is a disadvantage, which in turn requires expensive means to the keep usable area of the drum in proper alignment when a Toner image from a primary imaging element to the Intermediate transfer roller is transferred, or when a toner image from a Intermediate transfer roller is transferred to a receiving element. The fact that the cloth doesn't cover the entire core surface consistently because of two of its edges being held by grippers is also a disadvantage. Another disadvantage follows from this that a gap inevitably arises between these edges, so that Impurities can accumulate there, which may lead to Cause transmission artifacts.

US 5,415,961 describes an electrostatographic imaging element in the form a removable, interchangeable endless imaging belt on a rigid roller. The electrostatographic imaging element is arranged on the rigid roller and leaves detach itself from the rigid roller by means of the stretching of the endless imaging belt by means of a pressurized fluid.

US 5,298,956 and US 5,409,557 describe a reinforced, seamless intermediate transfer member, which may be in the form of a tape, sleeve, tube, or roller, and includes a reinforcing member in an endless configuration that is filled with filler material and material for regulating electrical properties includes, which is arranged on, around or in the reinforcing element. The reinforcement element can be made of metal, synthetic material or fiber material and has a modulus of elasticity of approximately 400,000 to more than 1,000,000 psi (2.8 to more than 6.9 GPa). The intermediate transmission element has a thickness of 50 µm to approximately 180 µm and a volume resistance of less than approximately 10 ¹² ohm-cm.

US 5,715,505 and US 5,828,931 describe a primary imaging Roller with a thick, compliant layer of cloth, which is applied to a core element is, the thick, resilient cloth of a relatively thin, concentric layer is surrounded by photoconductive material. The compliant primary imaging roller sees an improved electrostatic transfer of a toner image directly onto one Receiving element in front. According to the description is the compliant imaging roller bifunctional, i.e. it can also act as an intermediate element for electrostatic Transfer a toner image to a recording element. US 5,732,311 describes a compliant, electrographic, primary, imaging roller.

In the prior art, a compliant, primary, image-forming roller, the is provided with a sleeve, and a method for producing this roller is described. The sleeve is a photoconductive element, the sleeve being on a resilient layer, which is applied to a core element. Opposite the US 5,715,505 and US 5,828,931 is an improvement in that the Coatings including the roller are more reliable and less expensive, and than that the photoconductive sleeve can easily be removed towards the end of its service life and can be replaced, which contributes to lower costs and downtimes. Across from the US 5,415,961 an improvement is also achieved by providing a core element is that has a thick, resilient layer over which the sleeve member arrange and from which it can be removed.

A disadvantage of a central element of a sleeve Intermediate transfer roller comprising a thick, compliant layer on top of a rigid core element is applied, as described in US 5,614,342, consists in that this central element is subject to damage to the compliant layer if a sleeve element is removed or replaced. In some embodiments, this is rigid core member electrically biased to effect toner transfer; that I the electrical properties of the compliant applied on the core element Change layer over time, with electrical resistance normally changing enlarged, the compliant layer has a finite life, the one regular replacement of the central element is necessary. A resilient layer on a rigid core of a sleeved primary imaging member can also damage when removing or replacing a photoconductive Subject to sleeve element.

US 5,669,045 describes an electrostatographic imaging member which is a Includes photoconductive drum in which a compressible sleeve is used, wherein then the composite element is stretchable to on a rigid, cylindrical core support to fit. The preferred sleeve is a foam element that matches the photoconductive Drum essentially does not form a press fit to insert the sleeve into the To enable drum. However, there is one between the rigid core and the sleeve relatively large press fit to compress the sleeve while it is being stretchable core is stretched. The compression of the sleeve is sufficient to to impart substantial strength to electrostatic imaging element and to avoid a substantial delay. A problem with one according to US 5,669,045 described imaging element is that the photoconductive drum is not can be removed separately from the sleeve without also removing the sleeve from the core, the sleeve being subject to possible damage.

There is therefore a need for improvements to electrostatographic, with sleeves provided rolls, hereinafter referred to as sleeve rolls. Especially with regard to Intermediate transfer sleeve rolls and primary imaging sleeve rolls exist Need to reduce costs by reducing potential damage to the Roller elements over which the sleeve elements for removing or replacing the Sleeves need to be pushed. If a central element includes a core element, with a flexible layer (over which a sleeve element can be pushed) the central element must be replaced when the resilient layer no longer due to aging or accidental damage is usable. The core element is usually an expensive, highly accurate drum, and although the central element by removing the compliant layer and then Regenerative coating is regenerable, this is often complex and expensive, which is why There is room for improvement, especially in terms of cost reduction.

The invention relates to the provision of improved intermediate transmission elements and improved primary imaging elements used in electrostatographic Devices and methods can be used. An improved one Intermediate transfer element comprises a roller provided with two sleeves, the hereinafter referred to as a double-sleeve roller, with a cylindrical, rigid Core member, a compliant inner sleeve member that is tight to the core member and is non-adherent and surrounds it, as well as a resilient exterior Sleeve element which is tight and non-adherent to the inner sleeve element and this surrounds. An improved primary imaging element is one Double sleeve roller with a cylindrical, rigid core element, one compliant, inner sleeve member that is tight and non-adherent to the core member is present and surrounds it, as well as a conductive or electrographic, compliant outer sleeve member which is tight and non-adherent to the inner sleeve member and surrounds it. An inventive primary, imaging Double sleeve element can also be used bifunctionally as an intermediate transmission element. A single, inner or outer sleeve element is simple and independent due to wear or damage or at the end of a predetermined life replaceable. An expensive, high-precision core element can therefore be stored for a long time Many generations of sleeve elements remain in use. The invention enables the exchange or arrangement of an inner or outer sleeve element on a core element such that the core element with the electrostatographic Device remains firmly connected in which it is held.

According to the invention, a reproduction method is provided which involves the formation of a Provides toner image on a moving, primary, imaging element which is a first double-sleeve roller that has a rigid cylindrical Core includes a replaceable, removable, resilient, inner sleeve member that is tight and non-adherent to the core element and surrounds it, and a exchangeable, removable, photoconductive, outer sleeve element, which on the inner Sleeve element is tight and non-adherent and surrounds it; the electrostatic Transfer the toner image from the primary imaging element to one opposite intermediate transfer element, which is a second Double-sleeve roller trades in a first transmission gap width Pressure contact between the primary imaging element and the Intermediate transmission element is formed, the application of the electrical field a transfer of the toner image from the primary, imaging Forces element on the intermediate transfer element, characterized in that the Intermediate transmission element comprises a rigid, cylindrical core element compliant inner sleeve member that is tight and non-adherent to the core member rests and surrounds, and a compliant, a specific electrical Resistant outer sleeve member that is tight to the inner sleeve member and is not liable and surrounds it; Provide a second Transmission gap width in a transmission gap, which is determined by applying a between the intermediate transfer member and a transfer roller generated pressure is trained; Establish an electrical field between the Intermediate transfer element and the transfer roller and pre-transporting one Receiving element in the second transfer nip to the toner image from the Intermediate transfer element to electrostatically transfer to the receiving element.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to the drawings Embodiments explained in more detail, it should be noted that the arrangement the device may be subject to modifications. To better understand the Drawings correspond to the relations of the various components that make up the described elements exist, not the actual relations, some Dimensions can optionally be shown enlarged.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Innenhülse auf einem Kernelement,

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Außenhülse eines erfindungsgemäßen Zwischenübertragungselements,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht einer Außenhülse eines erfindungsgemäßen, primären, bilderzeugenden Elements,

Fig. 4 (a)

eine Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Außenhülse eines erfindungsgemäßen, primären, bilderzeugenden Elements mit einer fotoleitfähigen Verbundschichtstruktur,

Fig. 4 (b)

eine Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Außenhülse eines erfindungsgemäßen, primären, bilderzeugenden Elements mit einer nachgiebigen Schicht, die unterhalb einer fotoleitfähigen Verbundschichtstruktur angeordnet ist,

Fig. 5

eine Teilschnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenwalze, wobei schematisch dargestellt ist, wie ein äußeres Hülsenelement mit Druckluftunterstützung auf ein inneres, nachgiebiges Hülsenelement aufschiebbar und von diesem entfernbar ist, wobei das innere, nachgiebige Hülsenelement bereits auf einem starren, zylinderförmigen Kernelement angeordnet ist,

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer zusammengesetzten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenwalze mit einem starren, zylinderförmigen Kernelement, ersten und zweiten entfernbaren kegelförmigen Elementen, die an jedem Ende des Kernelements befestigt sind, einem nachgiebigen inneren Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng anliegt und einen zylinderförmigen Abschnitt des ersten, entfernbaren kegelförmigen Elements überlagert, welches Öffnungen für den Durchtritt von Druckluft aufweist, einem äußeren, nachgiebigen Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng anliegt und einen zylinderförmigen Abschnitt des zweiten, entfembaren kegelförmigen Elements überlagert, welches Öffnungen für den Durchtritt von Druckluft aufweist.

Fig. 7

eine Schnittansicht eines Endes eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels einer montierten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenwalze mit einem starren, zylinderförmigen Kernelement, einem entfernbaren zylinderförmigen Element, das Öffnungen für den Durchtritt von Druckluft aufweist und an einem Ende des Kernelements befestigt ist, einem nachgiebigen inneren Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng anliegt und die Öffnungen des entfernbaren, zylinderförmigen Elements überlagert, einem ersten, entfernbaren kegelförmigen Element, das an dem entfernbaren zylinderförmigen Element befestigt ist, und einem äußeren, nachgiebigen Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng anliegt und einen zylinderförmigen Abschnitt des ersten, entfernbaren kegelförmigen Elements überlagert, welches Öffnungen für den Durchtritt von Druckluft aufweist. Die Strichlinien stellen ein zweites, kleineres kegelförmiges Element dar, das in dem montierten Zwischenübertragungselement nicht vorhanden ist, und das an dem entfernbaren, zylinderförmigen Element gehaltert ist, um den Einbau oder den Ausbau der Innenhülse zu unterstützen, wenn das erste kegelförmige Element und die Außenhülse nicht vorhanden sind,

Fig. 8 (a) - (d)

in schematischer Darstellung Schritte zum Zerlegen der Doppelhülsenwalze aus Fig. 6 unter Verwendung der gleichen Bezugszeichen für gleiche Teile wie in den vorausgehenden Figuren: (a) Entkoppeln einer Tragachse von einem Ende der Walze, wobei die Walze durch das andere, an einem Rahmenteil befestigte Ende weiterhin gehaltert bleibt; (b) Entfernen des äußeren Hülsenelements unter Verwendung von Druckluft zur Unterstützung des nicht gehalterten Walzenendes; (c) erneutes Verbinden der entfernten Tragachse und Entkoppeln der Tragachse von dem anderen Ende der Walze, wobei die Walze an dem anderen Ende durch die erneut verbundene Tragachse gehaltert bleibt, die an dem anderen Rahmenteil befestigt ist; (d) Entfernen des inneren Hülsenelements unter Verwendung von Druckluft zur Unterstützung des nicht gehalterten Walzenendes.

Fig. 9 (a) - (d)

in schematischer Darstellung Schritte zum Zerlegen der Doppelhülsenwalze aus Fig. 7 unter Verwendung der gleichen Bezugszeichen für gleiche Teile wie in den vorausgehenden Figuren: (a) Entkoppeln einer Tragachse von einem Ende der Walze, wobei die Walze durch das andere, an einem Rahmenteil befestigte Ende weiterhin gehaltert bleibt; (b) Entfernen des äußeren Hülsenelements unter Verwendung von Druckluft zur Unterstützung des nicht gehaltenen Walzenendes; (c) nach Entkoppeln und Entfernen eines größeren kegelförmigen Elements von dem nicht gehalterten Ende der Walze (dieser Schritt ist nicht dargestellt), statt dessen Befestigen eines kegelförmigen Elements mit kleinerem Durchmesser, wobei die Walze an ihrem anderen Ende gehaltert bleibt; (d) Entfernen des inneren Hülsenelements unter Verwendung von Druckluft zur Unterstützung des nicht gehalterten Walzenendes,

Fig. 10

eine allgemeine, schematische Seitenansicht einer vier Module verwendenden Abbildungsvorrichtung, wobei jedes Modul ein fotoleitfähiges, primäres, bilderzeugendes Doppelhülsenelement umfasst, von dem ein einfarbiges Tonerbild elektrostatisch auf eine nachgiebige Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenwalze, die mit einer Versteifungsschicht versehen ist, übertragbar ist, und zwar mit Hilfe einer Endlosbahn und einer Bahnantriebsvorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Übertragung eines einfarbigen Tonerbildes von der Zwischenübertragungswalze auf ein Aufnahmeelement, das an der Endlosbahn anliegt und von dieser durch jedes dieser vier Module getragen wird, wobei zur besseren Übersicht nur die Grundkomponenten gezeigt werden,

Fig. 11

eine allgemeine, schematische Seitenansicht einer vier Module verwendenden Abbildungsvorrichtung, wobei jedes Modul ein nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, primäres, bilderzeugendes Doppelhülsenelement mit einer Endlosbahn und einer Bahnantriebsvorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Übertragung eines einfarbigen Tonerbildes von der primären, bilderzeugenden Walze auf ein Aufnahmeelement umfasst, das an der Endlosbahn anliegt und von dieser durch jedes dieser vier Module getragen wird, wobei zur besseren Übersicht nur die Grundkomponenten gezeigt werden,

Fig. 12

ist eine allgemeine schematische Seitenansicht einer zwei Module verwendenden Abbildungsvorrichtung, wobei jedes Modul ein fotoleitfähiges, primäres, bilderzeugendes Doppelhülsenelement umfasst, von dem ein erstes Farbtonerbild elektrostatisch in Ausrichtung mit einem zweiten Farbtonerbild übertragbar ist, das auf einer bifunktionalen Doppelhülsenwalze angeordnet ist, die eine Versteifungsschicht und eine fotoleitfähige Schicht oder mehrere Schichten umfasst, wobei das zweite Farbtonerbild vorher elektrofotografisch auf der bifunktionalen Doppelhülsenwalze erzeugt wurde, mit einer Endlosbahn und einer Bahnantriebsvorrichtung zur elektrostatischen Übertragung der übereinander liegenden ersten und zweiten Farbtonerbilder von der Zwischenübertragungswalze auf ein Aufnahmeelement, das an der Endlosbahn anliegt und von dieser durch jedes dieser zwei Module getragen wird, wobei zur besseren Übersicht nur die Grundkomponenten gezeigt werden, und

Fig. 13

eine Skizze einer Baugruppe mit Schnittansichten beider Hülsen einer erfindungsgemäßen Doppelhülsenwalze (das Kernelement ist nicht zu sehen), wobei das innere Hülsenelement an der Außenfläche in einem kleinen Abschnitt, der nahe dem Ende des inneren Hülsenelements gelegen ist, mit Erkennungszeichen versehen ist, und wobei das äußere Hülsenelement an der Außenfläche in einem kleinen Abschnitt, der nahe dem Ende des äußeren Hülsenelements gelegen ist, mit Erkennungszeichen versehen ist, und wobei zur besseren Übersicht das äußere Hülsenelement etwas versetzt in Bezug zu dem inneren Hülsenelement angeordnet ist, um eine Lage für ein Erkennungszeichen auf einem äußeren Abschnitt des inneren Hülsenelements sichtbar zu machen.

Show it

Fig. 1

2 shows a sectional view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of an inner sleeve according to the invention on a core element,

Fig. 2

2 shows a sectional view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of an outer sleeve of an intermediate transmission element according to the invention,

Fig. 3

2 shows a sectional view of an outer sleeve of a primary, imaging element according to the invention,

Fig. 4 (a)

1 shows a sectional view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of an outer sleeve of a primary, image-forming element according to the invention with a photoconductive composite layer structure,

Fig. 4 (b)

1 shows a sectional view of a preferred exemplary embodiment of an outer sleeve of a primary, image-forming element according to the invention with a flexible layer which is arranged below a photoconductive composite layer structure,

Fig. 5

a partial sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a primary, image-forming double-sleeve roller, it being shown schematically how an outer sleeve element with compressed air support can be pushed onto and removed from an inner, flexible sleeve element, the inner, flexible sleeve element already being arranged on a rigid, cylindrical core element .

Fig. 6

a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a composite intermediate transfer double-sleeve roller with a rigid, cylindrical core member, first and second removable conical members attached to each end of the core member, a resilient inner sleeve member which is tight against the core member and a cylindrical portion of the first superimposed, removable conical element, which has openings for the passage of compressed air, an outer, flexible sleeve element, which lies closely against the inner sleeve element and overlies a cylindrical portion of the second, removable conical element, which has openings for the passage of compressed air.

Fig. 7

a sectional view of one end of a preferred embodiment of an assembled intermediate transfer double sleeve roll with a rigid, cylindrical core member, a removable cylindrical member having openings for the passage of compressed air and attached to one end of the core member, a resilient inner sleeve member which is attached to the core member closely fitting and overlying the openings of the removable cylindrical member, a first removable conical member attached to the removable cylindrical member and an outer resilient sleeve member closely fitting the inner sleeve member and a cylindrical portion of the first removable conical element superimposed, which has openings for the passage of compressed air. The dotted lines represent a second, smaller, conical element which is not present in the assembled intermediate transfer element and which is supported on the removable, cylindrical element to assist in the installation or removal of the inner sleeve when the first conical element and the outer sleeve are not present

Fig. 8 (a) - (d)

6 shows a schematic representation of steps for dismantling the double-sleeve roller using the same reference numerals for the same parts as in the previous figures: (a) decoupling a support shaft from one end of the roller, the roller through the other end attached to a frame part remains on hold; (b) removing the outer sleeve member using compressed air to support the unsupported roll end; (c) reconnecting the removed support shaft and decoupling the support shaft from the other end of the roller, the roller remaining supported at the other end by the re-connected support shaft attached to the other frame member; (d) removing the inner sleeve member using compressed air to support the unsupported roll end.

Fig. 9 (a) - (d)

7 is a schematic representation of steps for disassembling the double-sleeve roller from FIG. 7 using the same reference numerals for the same parts as in the previous figures: (a) decoupling a support shaft from one end of the roller, the roller through the other end attached to a frame part remains on hold; (b) removing the outer sleeve member using compressed air to support the unsupported roll end; (c) after decoupling and removing a larger cone from the unsupported end of the roller (this step is not shown), instead attaching a smaller diameter cone with the roller retained at its other end; (d) removing the inner sleeve member using compressed air to support the unsupported roll end,

Fig. 10

a general schematic side view of an imaging device using four modules, each module comprising a photoconductive primary double-sleeve imaging member from which a single color toner image is electrostatically transferable to a compliant intermediate transfer double-sleeve roller provided with a stiffening layer an endless web and a web drive device for the electrostatic transfer of a monochromatic toner image from the intermediate transfer roller to a receiving element which lies against the endless web and is carried by each of these four modules, only the basic components being shown for a better overview,

Fig. 11

a general, schematic side view of an imaging device using four modules, each module comprising a compliant, photoconductive, primary, double-sleeve imaging member having an endless web and a web drive device for electrostatically transferring a monochrome toner image from the primary, imaging roller to a receiving member on the continuous web and is carried by each of these four modules, whereby only the basic components are shown for a better overview,

Fig. 12

Figure 12 is a general schematic side view of an imaging device using two modules, each module comprising a photoconductive, primary, image forming double-sleeve element, a first color toner image of which is electrostatically transferable in alignment with a second color toner image placed on a bifunctional double-sleeve roller having a stiffening layer and comprises a photoconductive layer or a plurality of layers, the second color toner image having previously been generated electrophotographically on the bifunctional double-sleeve roller, with an endless web and a web drive device for electrostatically transferring the superimposed first and second color toner images from the intermediate transfer roller to a receiving element which is in contact with the endless web and supported by each of these two modules, only the basic components being shown for a better overview, and

Fig. 13

a sketch of an assembly with sectional views of both sleeves of a double-sleeve roller according to the invention (the core element cannot be seen), the inner sleeve element being identified on the outer surface in a small section which is located near the end of the inner sleeve element, and wherein outer sleeve member is provided with identifying marks on the outer surface in a small portion located near the end of the outer sleeve member, and wherein for better clarity, the outer sleeve member is slightly offset from the inner sleeve member to provide a location for an identifier visible on an outer portion of the inner sleeve member.

Since the type of device described here is well known, the present description in particular on the subject matter of the invention or parts of those that work directly with it.

The invention relates generally to electrostatographic imaging, including the electrographic recording using a pen or other electrographic Recording elements, and the electrophotographic recording using modulated Light, either by an optical recording device or by electro-optical Recording using laser diodes, lasers and other known ones Light modulation devices, for example modulatable mirrors or displays. In Form of a preferred embodiment, the invention is particularly for full color electrophotographic imaging using one or more, transferable, monochrome toner images are suitable, each monochrome toner image a compliant, primary, imaging element which has a double sleeve roll includes, can be trained, and in a first transfer step to a Transmission element in the form of a resilient intermediate transmission element is transferable, which comprises a double-sleeve roller, and subsequently in one second transfer step to a transfer element in the form of a Receiving element, e.g. Paper or plastic, is transferable. On Intermediate transfer double sleeve member can perform two functions, and as a transmission element and as an imaging element, i.e. it can be photoconductive be a first, formed on a primary imaging element, transfer a single color toner image in alignment with a second single color toner image, which is formed independently on the photoconductive intermediate transfer element, which creates a transferable two-color image on the intermediate transfer element, which in turn follows a transmission element in the form of a receiving element is transferable. A resilient primary, imaging double sleeve element is also to transfer any single color, transferable toner image directly from the primary, imaging element on the transmission element or on the receiving element usable. This is an alternative to electrophotographic recording electrographic recording of each primary color image with the help of a pen or other known recording methods for recording a toner image on a primary imaging element usable, which is a dielectric sleeve member may include, wherein the transferable toner image must be electrostatically transferable, as described in this document. Generally speaking, the primary picture trained electrostatographically. A tape can be a primary imaging element include, as far as an intermediate transfer double sleeve member in the form of a drum is used. When using a primary, imaging double sleeve element the intermediate transfer element can be designed as a belt or as a drum.

The use of a primary, imaging, compliant single or Double sleeve element in connection with a compliant Intermediate transmission element with one or two sleeves has some advantages in that that larger gap widths can be achieved for a given pressure than one cannot compliant primary, imaging element. This in turn enables the Use a lower transfer voltage to transfer a toner image to an intermediate transfer element. Because the gap pressure between the compliant primary imaging element and the compliant Splits intermediate transmission element, the resulting band tensions in each element (which increase with increasing intervention), which significantly the risks related to delamination of a sleeve or premature aging, or Wear can be greatly reduced by bending the flexible layers.

US 6,075,965 describes sequential, aligned transmission monochrome toner images on an arranged on a movable transport track Recording sheet through a series of corresponding single-color modules. Drives in every module the moving transport path frictionally to an intermediate transfer roller, the in turn, frictionally drives an opposing primary, imaging roller. Alternatively, a single color toner image is directly from one through each module primary, imaging roller on a receiving sheet on the conveyor transferable. As for using prior art embodiments described by intermediate transfer elements is a compliant Intermediate transfer roller can be used with a sleeve, which is a central element as well an interchangeable, removable sleeve member comprises what is opposite the US 5,335,054 and US 5,745,829 is an improvement in that the Sleeve element has the shape of an endless belt. The costly central element remains on a frame part of the machine when the sleeve member is removed and is replaced. The present invention thus contrasts with US 6,075,965 an improvement rather than a more versatile use of a Intermediate transfer element provides as well as less complexity Use of a double-sleeve roller compared to a roller with a sleeve, the Functionality related to macro and micro adjustment, respectively and separately is provided by an inner and an outer sleeve. Generally lets evaluate a layer according to its macro and micro adaptation. In the Macro-matching enables the layer to form a gap. In the For example, micro-adjustment comes to the size of individual toner particles Paper roughness and the edges of large, fully toned areas. A Double-sleeve roller according to the invention has the additional advantage that a Stiffening layer can be included as an outer outer surface of an inner sleeve can, or preferably as an outer inner surface of an outer sleeve, whereby certain coating complications can be avoided. It also reduces the Total cost of ownership in that the inner and outer sleeves in different Intervals are interchangeable.

It is well known that for high quality electrostatographic color imaging small toner particles are necessary. In the color design examples described here is the use of dry, insulating toner particles with a medium, on the specific weight-related diameter of about 2 microns to about 9 microns preferred. The average diameter, based on the specific weight, as it is with the help conventional diameter measuring devices, such as the Coulter Multisizer from Coulter, Inc., measured, is the sum of the mass of each particle times the diameter of one spherical particles of equal mass and density, divided by the total Particle mass. Preferably, in the present invention, a Toner particle diameter between 6 and 8 microns used. A common procedure for Improving toner transfer is the use of toner particles include submicron particles of silicon, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, etc. and attach to the surfaces of the toner particles (so-called surface additives). To utilize the present invention, the use of a Preferred surface additives, including submicron, hydrophobic, highly disperse silicon dioxide particles, but also other designs that Use submicron-sized surface additives are suitable.

10 shows an electrostatographic imaging device according to a preferred one Embodiment of the invention. The generally referenced 500 called imaging device is as an electrophotographic imaging device formed and in particular as a color imaging device, wherein color separation images in each of four color modules can be formed and aligned in the alignment of the toner image Elements are transferable to a receiving element, while that on a Paper transport path 516 overlying receiving element is moved by the device becomes. The paper transport path can be, for example, polyethylene terephthalate or a other plastic. A toner image bearing member can be a primary, imaging element or an intermediate transfer element, and a Toner image can be formed thereon or transferred from there to another element become. US 6,016,415 describes an example of a paper transport path. The The device comprises four color modules, although the present invention also applies to two or more such modules is applicable.

Each module (591B, 591C, 591M, 591Y) is constructed similarly, with the exception of the The fact that the paper transport path 516, which can also be designed as an endless belt, cooperates with all modules and that the receiving element through the Paper transport path 516 is transported from module to module. The elements in Fig. 10 which are the same from module to module have the same reference symbols, the suffix B, C, M and Y denote the color module to which the module is assigned, i.e. black, Cyan, magenta and yellow. Four recording elements or individual sheets 512a, b, c and d are shown such that they take pictures of different modules, it should be noted that each recording element is a color image of each module can record, and that in this example up to four color images of each Recording element can be included. The movement of the receiving element with the paper transport path 516 is such that each color image attached to the Transmission gap of each module is transferred to the receiving element, a Is transfer that is aligned with the previous color transfer, so the colors in a four-color image formed on the receiving element, one on top of the other are aligned on the receiving element. The receiving elements are then successively removed from the paper transport path and to a (not shown) Pass the fusing station to fix the dry toner images on the receiving element. The paper transport path is prepared for reuse by both surfaces with the help of corona loaders 522, 523 arranged opposite one another Charge can be applied, causing the charge on both surfaces of the Paper transport path is neutralized.

Each color module from FIG. 10 comprises a primary, image-forming double-sleeve element, for example a rotating drum 503 B, C, M and Y. The drum rotates their respective axes in the directions indicated by the arrows. Each rotating Drum 503 B, C, M and Y comes with a removable, replaceable, compliant, inner sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt 507, e.g. 507 B by a removable, replaceable, outer, photoconductive Sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt, e.g. 509 B, narrow and not is adhered, whereupon a pigmented marking particle image or a row different colored marking particle images are formed. The inner Sleeve element 507 B comprises a (not shown in FIG. 10 but for example in FIG. 1) Core element tight and non-stick. A preferred core element is rigid and in Generally not solid, but preferably comprises a hollow metal tube for example aluminum and can have internal structures, the chambers, Reinforcing struts, etc. may include. The core element preferably has one Out-of-roundness of less than 80 µm and ideally less than 20 µm. To take pictures the outer surface of the outer sleeve member 509 B of the primary, imaging element evenly charged with a primary loading agent, for example a corona charger 505 B, C, M and Y, or a suitable one Loaders such as a shearer loader, brush loader, etc. The evenly charged surface is exposed by a suitable exposure means, for example with a laser 506 B, C, M and Y, or preferably an LED or other electro-optical Exposure device or even an optical exposure device to the charge on the surface of the primary imaging element to change and select one generate an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image to be reproduced.

The electrostatic latent image is created by applying pigmented marking particles by means of a development station 581 B, C, M and Y onto the latent image bearing Developed photoconductive drum. The development station includes one assigned, specific color of pigmented toner marking particles. Every module thus creates a series of different colored marking particle images on the corresponding photoconductor drum. Instead of the preferred photoconductor drum there is also a Photo conductor tape can be used.

Each on a primary, imaging double-sleeve element or on one Marking particle image formed element carrying the toner image is electrostatically applied an outer surface of a corresponding secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member transfer, for example an intermediate transfer double-sleeve drum 508 B, C, M and Y. After transferring the toner image, the Residual toner from the surface of the photoconductor drum by a suitable one Cleaning device 504 B, C, M and Y removed to re-surface Prepare the use and training of the following toner images. The Cleaning device may preferably include a cleaning brush, but may also be designed as a lamella or fabric web.

Each intermediate transfer double-sleeve drum 508 has B, C, M and Y removable, replaceable, resilient inner sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt, which is designated, for example, with 541 B, and that closely and preferably not adhering to a removable, replaceable, compliant outer sleeve member is included, which is also in the form of a has tubular endless belt and e.g. is designated with 542 B. Preferably the outer sleeve member is stretched under tension to tight around the inner sleeve member to include. Inner sleeve member 541 is tight and preferably non-adherent a highly precise and essentially cylindrical core element (not in FIG. 10 shown). Preferably, the inner sleeve member is stretched under tension to the To encompass core element closely. A preferred core element is rigid and generally not solid, but preferably comprises a hollow metal tube made of, for example Aluminum and can have internal structures, the chambers, reinforcing struts, etc. can include. The core element preferably has a runout of less than 80 µm and ideally less than 20 µm.

The inner one arranged on the intermediate transfer double sleeve drum 508 B. Sleeve element 541 B and the inner arranged on the photoconductor drum 503 B Sleeve element 507 B generally have the same structures (see e.g. FIG. 1), however, can vary in composition, dimensions and electrical properties differentiate from each other. Each inner sleeve member includes a reinforcement tape a resilient layer applied to the reinforcement tape and a protective layer, which is applied to the resilient layer or is close to it. A compliant inner sleeve layer is formed from an elastomer, such as one Polyurethane or other materials known in the published literature. The The primary function of an inner sleeve element is macro adjustment.

A reinforcement band of an inner sleeve member can be rigid or flexible and has preferably an elastic modulus of less than 300 GPa. The reinforcement tape has preferably a thickness in the range of 1-500 microns and preferably in the range of 5 - 150 µm. A reinforcement tape can be made of any suitable material exist, including metal, elastomer, copolymer, plastic or others Materials, a fabric or a reinforced material such as a filler or Fibers, for example a reinforced silicone tape. A reinforcement tape can be on his Be provided with a high surface energy before the compliant Inner sleeve layer is formed thereon, and it can also have an inner surface with be provided with a low surface energy which is in contact with the core element located. Preferably, a reinforcing band is a tubular endless band that for example, woven, extruded, electroformed, or from sheet metal using can be formed by, for example, ultrasonic welding or an adhesive. A reinforcement tape is preferably seamless. If a core element is electrical is biased to an electric field for the transfer of a toner image It may be necessary to provide the inner surface of the reinforcement tape (near the Core element) with a conductive material to coat the electrical contact with the central element to improve and at the same time a uniform, electrical Ensure potential at all points on the underside of the inner sleeve element.

The compliant inner sleeve layer can be applied to the reinforcement tape by first stretching the reinforcement band on a mandrel. Preferably the compliant inner sleeve layer has a thickness in the range of 0.5-20 mm and best of 2 - 10 mm and a modulus of elasticity of preferably less than 10 MPa and am best in the range of 1 - 5 MPa. The compliant inner sleeve layer is on one Polymeric material, e.g. an elastomer, such as polyurethane or others in the published literature known materials. The compliant inner sleeve layer can comprise a material with one or more phases, e.g. a foam or one Dispersion of a solid phase in another. Preferably the compliant Inner sleeve layer a transverse elongation in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 and better in the range of 0.45 - 0.5, a preferred material being a polyurethane with a transverse expansion factor of approx. Is 0.495.

The protective layer on the outside of an inner sleeve element is preferably made Made of a suitable material that is flexible and hard. Preferably, the Protective layer a coating made of a synthetic material, preferably one Ceramer or a sol gel that is applied to the surface using a suitable coating process thick, compliant layer is applied. Alternatively, the protective layer can be a comprise thin metal tape, e.g. Nickel, with the compliant inner sleeve layer is glued, or has the shape of an endless belt that is under tension on the External surface of the resilient inner sleeve layer is applied, for example with Compressed air support or by cooling the reinforcement band and the compliant Inner sleeve layer to shrink it so that the endless metal band is pushed on can be. A protective layer of an inner sleeve member has a thickness of preferably 1 - 50 µm and best of 4 - 15 µm and a modulus of elasticity of preferably greater than 100 MPa and most preferably in the range of 0.5-20 GPa. It can be desirable that a stiffening layer serves as a protective layer, the Protective layer preferably has a modulus of elasticity greater than 0.1 GPa and am best of 50 - 300 GPa and a thickness of 10 - 200 µm.

The outer located on the intermediate transfer double-sleeve drum 508 B. Sleeve member 542 B includes a stiffening layer, one on the stiffening layer applied, outer, flexible sleeve layer and one on the outer, flexible Separating layer applied to the sleeve layer (see e.g. Fig. 2). The outer sleeve element imparts the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member Micro adjustment. The stiffening layer of the outer sleeve member preferably has the shape of a tubular endless belt, better the shape of a seamless belt. The main function of the stiffening layer is to maintain the hoop stress in the one below to minimize lying inner sleeve member 541 B, thereby the To reduce running deviations or to reduce them to a negligible level caused by the roller imbalance or by running deviations caused by Alignment tolerances in the engagement of the roller pairs of the primary, imaging Double sleeve element and the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve element caused. The stiffening layer also reduces Alignment errors by reducing or decreasing run deviations between the modules a negligible amount can be reduced. Preferably, the Stiffening layer any suitable metal, e.g. Steel, nickel or another, highly wear-resistant metal. The stiffening layer can also be used without this being preferred will comprise an elastomer, for example a polyurethane, a polyimide, a polyamide or a fluoropolymer, wherein the elastomer has a yield strength that is during the Operation of the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member is not is exceeded. The stiffening layer can also be a woven or reinforced one Material include or a sol-gel or a ceramer with a proof stress that during operation of the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member is not is exceeded. Preferably the stiffening layer is made of nickel, e.g. in shape a suitable, thin, electroplated, seamless nickel band, that e.g. from Stork Screens America, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina, USA can. Has a stiffening layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B, C, Y, M. preferably a thickness of less than about 500 microns and better in the range of 10-200 µm. The stiffening layer preferably has a modulus of elasticity of more 0.1 GPa and best of 50 - 300 GPa.

The outer resilient sleeve layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B, C, Y, M has volume resistivity and mechanical properties that are in the same range of use as those previously described for the resilient layers in the inner sleeve members of rollers 503 B and 508 B. The preferred thickness of the outer, resilient sleeve layer is in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm. In order to achieve a suitable, ie low, specific electrical resistance, the elastomer with the outer, flexible sleeve layer can be doped with a sufficiently conductive material (for example antistatic particles, ionically conductive materials or electrically conductive dopants). The outer, resilient sleeve layer should have a volume resistivity of preferably 10 ^{7-10 11} ohm-cm, preferably about 10 ⁹ ohm-cm. The outer, resilient sleeve layer can be applied to the stiffening layer by first pulling the stiffening layer onto a mandrel. The separating layer can then be applied to the outer, flexible sleeve layer.

The separation layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B, C, Y, M preferably comprises a synthetic material such as a sol-gel, a ceramer, a polyurethane or a fluoropolymer, although other materials with good separation properties can also be used, including materials with low surface energy , The separating layer has a modulus of elasticity of greater than 100 MPa, preferably 0.5-20 GPa and a thickness of preferably between 1-50 µm, more preferably 4-15 µm. The separating layer has a volume resistivity of preferably 10 ^{7-10 13} Ohm-cm, most preferably about 10 ¹⁰ Ohm-cm.

Electrical bias is typically applied to the intermediate transfer double-sleeve drum 508 B to effect electrostatic transfer of a toner image from the primary double-sleeve imaging drum 503 B. Preferably, the electrical bias is applied to the stiffening layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B by connection to an electrical voltage or current source, the stiffening layer preferably having a volume resistivity of less than about 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm and being most conductive , However, in some applications it is desirable to use a non-conductive stiffening layer. In this case, the stiffening layer can be coated with a thin, conductive material, for example a metal film, which is connected to an electrical voltage or current source. In other applications, it may be desirable to apply the electrical bias to the core member of the intermediate transfer double sleeve drum 508 B rather than to the stiffening layer of the inner sleeve member 541 B, that is, preferably to a metallic or conductive core or other conductive material with which the core is coated, for example a thin metal film, which is applied to the surface of a non-conductive core. When the electrical bias is applied to the core member, which is generally less preferred, the resilient inner sleeve layer and protective layer of inner sleeve member 541B should have suitable resistances, the resilient inner sleeve layer preferably having a volume resistance of 10 ^{7-10 11} ohm-cm and best of about 10 ⁹ ohm-cm and the protective layer has a volume resistance of less than about 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm.

An outer sleeve element 509 B arranged on the primary imaging double sleeve drum 503 B comprises a stiffening layer and a photoconductive structure which is applied to the stiffening layer (see, for example, FIG. 3). The stiffening layer is preferably conductive. The photoconductive structure can comprise one or more layers, which can consist of any known, photoconductive material, for example an inorganic material or a dispersion, a homogeneous, organic, photoconductive layer, an aggregated, organic, photoconductive layer, a composite structure with a charge generating layer plus a charge transport layer, etc. In order to effect the electrostatic transfer of a toner image from the primary imaging double sleeve drum 503 B to the intermediate transfer double sleeve drum 508 B, the stiffening layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B is preferably grounded, in which case the stiffening layer preferably has a volume resistance of less than about 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm. However, in some applications it is desirable to use a non-conductive stiffening layer. In this case, the stiffening layer can be coated with a thin, conductive material, for example a metal film, which is connected to ground.

A preferred outer sleeve member 509 B on the primary imaging double sleeve drum 503 B includes a stiffening layer, one on top of the Stiffening layer applied barrier layer, one applied on the barrier layer charge generating layer and one applied to the charge generating layer Charge transport layer (see e.g. Fig. 4 (a)). The stiffening layer of the outer Sleeve element 509 B preferably has the shape of a tubular endless belt. In addition to minimizing the peripheral tension in the underlying inner Sleeve element 507 B (similar to that through the stiffening layer of the outer Sleeve element 542 B of the intermediate transfer double sleeve drum 508 B produced Effect), the stiffening layer of the outer sleeve element 509 B is a suitable one Substrate ready on which the charge generating layer and the Charge transport layer can be applied. Preferably, the Stiffening layer thin and flexible and includes any suitable, conductive Material such as a metal e.g. Steel, nickel or another highly wear-resistant metal. Although less preferred, the stiffening layer may comprise an elastomer, e.g. on Polyurethane doped with a conductive material, such as an antistatic, or a synthetic polymer or plastic material with a dispersion of conductive Particles that are a fraction of the volume above the filtration threshold, the Stiffening layer has a proof stress, which during the operation of the secondary Intermediate image transmission double sleeve element is not exceeded. Preferably the stiffening layer is made of nickel. A stiffening layer of the outer Sleeve element 509 B, C, Y, M preferably has a thickness of less than approximately 500 μm, preferably in the range of 10-200 µm. The stiffening layer has a Modulus of elasticity of more than approx. 0.1 GPa and best of 50 - 300 GPa.

A preferred outer sleeve member 509 B includes a stiffening layer in the form a seamless nickel band made by electroforming, e.g. from Stork Screens America, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. The one on the Stiffening layer applied photoconductive structure includes: one on the Stiffening layer applied polyamide resin barrier layer with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.0 µm; a charge-generating layer of the type described in US Pat. No. 5,614,342 described type with a co-crystal dispersion, wherein the charge-generating layer has a thickness of 0.5-1.0 μm and preferably of approximately 0.5 μm; and one on the charge-generating layer applied charge transport layer with a thickness of 12 - 35 µm and preferably 25 µm, the charge transport layer 2 Parts by weight of tri-tolylamine and 2 parts by weight of 1,1-bis {4- (di-4-tolylamine) phenyl} methane in a binder of 1 part by weight of poly [4,4 '- (2-norbomylidene) bisphenol terephthalate-co-azelate- (60/40)] and 5 parts by weight of Makrolon ™ polycarbonate, available from General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, USA.

In a further preferred embodiment, the outer sleeve element 509 B micro-adjustment can be given by placing a thin, compliant layer on the Stiffening layer below the charge generating layer and the Charge transport layer is provided, the compliant layer having a thickness of preferably 0.5 - 2.0 mm. The preferred electrical and physical Properties are similar to those of the compliant layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B. Preferably, there is a thin, conductive layer over the thin, compliant layer Layer, e.g. made of nickel, on which a barrier layer, a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer is applied as before (see e.g. Fig. 4 (b)). The thin conductive layer can be in use be grounded.

In some applications, an optional thin, hard layer can be used as an outer Coating outside the charge transport layer can be provided to a higher To achieve wear resistance, for example from sol-gel, silicon carbide, diamond-like carbon, etc.

Using a secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve roller according to the invention with a relatively conductive structure, the transmission of a monochrome marker particle image from the primary imaging double-sleeve roller achieve with a relatively small gap width (preferably from 2 - 15 mm and best of 3 - 8 mm) and a relatively moderate potential of e.g. 600 V or less of suitable polarity by connecting a (not shown) Voltage source preferably to the stiffening element of the outer sleeve element each secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member. A monochrome marker particle image that is on the outer sleeve member 542 B (others are not identified) each secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve drum is formed on a toner image receiving surface Transferring element transferred into a gap between the Intermediate transfer roller and a transfer backup roller 521 B, C, M and Y is transported, which is provided with an outer barrier cloth and in a suitable manner is electrically biased by a power source 552 around the charged toner particle image electrostatically transferred to a receiving element. The admission student is out a suitable receiving element supply (not shown) and in a suitable manner Mounted on the paper transport path 516 and moves in succession in the Columns 510 B, C, M and Y where it matches the respective marker particle image in suitable, aligned relationship is applied to a compound Generate multicolor image. As is known, the colored pigments overlay to form areas of color different from the pigments. The Pick-up element emerges from the last gap and is by a (not shown) suitable transport mechanism transported to a fixer, where that Marking particle image on the receiving element by exposure to heat and / or pressure and is preferably fixed with both. A separator loader 524 can be provided to the receiving element with a neutralizing charge act to make it easier to separate from the paper transport path 516. The respective secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve elements are by a corresponding cleaning device 511 B, C, M and Y for reuse cleaned. A preferred cleaning device is a brush cleaner, though too Slats or fabric cleaners can be used.

Corresponding, common (not shown) sensors, for example mechanical, electrical or optical sensors, are used in imaging device 500 to detect the To control the device with control signals. Such sensors are along the Travel of the receiving element between the receiving element magazine through the various nips arranged up to the fuser. Other sensors can be the Photoconductor drum of the primary imaging element, the Intermediate transfer member drum, the transfer support member and various Image processing stations can be assigned. The sensors determine the position of a Recording element on its path and the position of the photoconductor drum primary imaging element in relation to the imaging processing stations and generate corresponding control signals. These signals are fed as input information to a switching and control unit which is equipped with a microprocessor, for example. Based on these signals and The switching and control unit generates a suitable program for the microprocessor LCU signals for timing the various electrographic Process stations to carry out the mapping process and to control the Drive of the various drums and belts via the motor M. The creation of a Program for a number of commercially available microprocessors that are used for Suitable for use with the invention is known in the art. The respective details of such a program depend on the architecture of the respective microprocessor.

13 shows a sketch of an end region of an assembly 90 in a sectional view Representation of the inner and outer sleeve in a concentric arrangement on a double-sleeve roller according to the invention (without illustration of the core element). An inner one Sleeve member 91 is on the outer surface in a small section that is near the end of the inner sleeve member is identified, and an outer Sleeve member 92 is on the outer surface in a small section that is near the end of the outer sleeve element is provided with identifying marks. For better The outer sleeve element is slightly offset from its operative position in relation to The inner sleeve member is shown to have a location for an identification mark to make an outer portion of the inner sleeve member visible. The Identification marks are provided on the inner sleeve member to provide a parameter to be labeled in relation to the inner sleeve and they are also on the outer one Sleeve member provided to set a parameter related to the outer sleeve mark. Similar elements shown in Fig. 13 are of one or more Use quotation marks after the reference number. The identification marks on the inner sleeve element, i.e. a set of descriptive tags that can be used in one small area 93 "on a cylindrical portion of the inner sleeve member one end of the inner sleeve member. Preferably, the Identification marks on the inner sleeve element in a small area 93 ' one end of the sleeve 91 (the individual layers with the sleeve 91 are Not shown). The identifying marks on the outer sleeve member, i.e. a set of descriptive marks are preferably in a small area 93 "" on one cylindrical portion of the outer sleeve member near one end of the outer Sleeve element arranged. Due to the relatively small thickness of the outer Sleeve element can have the identifying marks on the outer sleeve element in one small area 93 "'may be arranged on one end of the sleeve 92 (the individual Layers, including sleeve 92, are not shown). An enlarged view 93 one of the small areas 92 ', 92 ", 93'" or 92 "" shows that the descriptive Identification marks can be formed as bar codes, as by the reference symbol 94, which can be read, for example, by a scanner. The scanner can be in one electrophotographic machine can be arranged to a double-sleeve roller monitor, e.g. during machine operation or during idle time, or the scanner can be used externally during the installation or maintenance of an inventive device Roll are provided. In general, the identifying marks can be identified by a Read, detect, or recognize identifier detector 95. As shown in Fig. 13 by the Dashed arrow B shown, the analog or digital output of the Identification mark detector passed to a switching and control unit in a electrostatographic machine using an inventive Intermediate transfer element roller is installed, or it can be processed externally, e.g. in a portable computer during installation or maintenance of a intermediate transfer element roller according to the invention, or it can be in another, suitable data processor can be processed. The identifying marks are optical, readable magnetically or by high frequency. In addition to bar code 94, the Identification marks include suitable markings, including Symbols or simple words, and they can be color coded. The identifying marks are also visually readable or interpretable. Suitable materials for the identification marks are, for example Inks, paints, magnetic materials, reflective materials, etc. that are directly on the Surface of the sleeve member can be applied. Alternatively, the Identification marks can be arranged on a label affixed to the outer surface of the Sleeve element is attached. The identifying marks are also in sublime training or by punching with a stamp or by deforming a small, local area can be produced on the outer surface of the sleeve element. The Deformations can be detected mechanically or in another way or under Use of an identifier detector 95 in the form of a contact probe or by read other mechanical means. It may also be desirable for some applications be identification marks on the inner surface of a sleeve element or on the To arrange the outer surface of the central element. It may also be desirable to have one Provide recess or an opening in the outer sleeve member 92 so that a Identification mark in an area 93 "on the sleeve 91 is recognizable when the outer sleeve member is in the operative position and not, as shown in Fig. 13, offset is.

Various information can be encoded in the identification marks or record. For example, the outside diameter of a roll, i.e. the Record the outer diameter of the outer sleeve member, so that the gap width or the alignment parameters can be adjusted accordingly. The resistance in radial Direction of an inner or outer sleeve element can be seen in the identifying marks record the optimal electrical bias on the roller To be able to coordinate performance. The effective hardness and the effective modulus of elasticity a sleeve of a roller according to the invention can be seen in the identifying marks record so that gap widths can be set in a suitable manner. The The date of manufacture of both roller sleeves can be found in the identification marks for Diagnostic purposes record the end of life of a given sleeve estimate and be able to replace them in time. In addition, in the Identification marks specific information for each given roller in relation to the Record runout, e.g. as measured after manufacture, taking this Information can be used to optimize the alignment, e.g. between Modules. The alignment of a roller according to the invention, for example an offset between a roller according to the invention and a primary imaging roller also describe by the identification marks.

If the outer diameter of the outer sleeve member of an inventive Intermediate transfer double-sleeve roller is recorded in the identifier this information can be used to calibrate an alignment system accelerate as explained below. The alignment system can, for example use a software algorithm that measures the speed of the Controls line start clock signal that is applied to the LED write head. For each Color module, a separate line start clock signal is used, each of the length of the color toner image of the corresponding color separation image controls that of each module is generated, thereby ensuring that the color toner image is uniform and of is the correct length. It is well known that there is a change in the engagement between a primary imaging roller and an intermediate transfer roller Speed ratio changes, which changes the image length, e.g. by stretching or compression when the intervention is increased or decreased. Intermediate transfer sleeve elements cannot be used in practice with identical outside diameters produce; the typical deviation is ± 50 µm. A slight difference in diameter a newly installed intermediate transmission element of an inventive Double sleeve roller thus changes the engagement between the primary imaging roller and the intermediate transfer roller. A small difference in diameter of a new installed primary, imaging element of a photoconductive according to the invention Double sleeve roller alike changes the engagement between the primary Imaging roller and the intermediate transfer roller. By using the The alignment unit can measure the diameter of a newly installed outer sleeve Correct the line start clock signal immediately so that the correct image length and uniformity to be kept. The setting of the parameters in the algorithm that Control line start clock signal is one of several parameters that are controlled must have an accurate alignment of each digitally written by the printhead Ensure image. Early knowledge of the outside diameter of one double-sleeve roller according to the invention, as indicated in the identification marks, accelerates the calibration time of the alignment system.

The receiving elements used with the imaging device 500 can be different differ significantly from each other. For example, it can be thin or trade thick paper, textured or embossed paper, or others textured or embossed materials as well as transparent materials, e.g. Plastic films. The different thickness and / or the different Volume resistance of the materials and the associated change in impedance has an effect on the electric field in columns 510 B, C, M and Y that serves to transfer the marking particles to the receiving elements. Also affects a change in relative humidity changes the conductivity of a Paper receiving element, which in turn affects the impedance and therefore also on the transmission field. In order to overcome these problems, the Paper transport path preferably has certain properties.

The paper transport path 516 is preferably made of a material with a volume resistance greater than 10 ⁵ ohm-cm; where the receiving element is not held electrostatically, a volume resistance between 10 ⁸ ohm-cm and 10 ¹¹ ohm-cm is preferred. Where the receiving element is held electrostatically, a volume resistance of more than 1 x 10 ¹² ohm-cm is preferred for the paper transport path. This volume resistance is the resistance of at least one layer if the web is a multi-layer web. The sheet material can be made of any flexible material, such as fluorocopolymer (such as polyvinylidene fluoride), polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide (such as Kapton ™), polyethylene naphthoate or silicone rubber. Whatever material is used, it can contain additives such as an antistatic (e.g. metal salts) or small conductive particles (e.g. carbon) to give the web the desired volume resistance. If materials with high volume resistance are used (ie larger than approx. 10 ¹¹ ohm-cm), additional corona chargers may be required to remove any residual charge remaining on the paper transport path after the receiving element has been removed. The paper transport path may have an additional conductive layer beneath the resistance layer that is electrically biased to cause the marking particles to transfer. However, an arrangement without a conductive layer is preferred in order to instead apply the pretension either through one or more support rollers or with a corona charger. The endless web is relatively thin (20 µm to 1000 µm, preferably 50 µm to 200 µm) and flexible. The invention also relates to an electrostatographic color machine in which a generally endless paper web receiver is used and a separate paper transport path is not required. Such continuous webs are typically unwound from a roll of paper which is supported to enable the paper to be unwound from the roll as the paper passes through the device as a continuous sheet.

When feeding a receiving element to the paper transport path 516, this can be done Receiving element can be charged by the loader 526 to the Pull the receiving element against the paper transport path 516 and "fix" it. A Doctor blade 527 assigned to the loader 526 can be provided around the receiving element to press on the paper transport path and, if necessary, between the receiving element and the Eliminate trapped air.

A receiving element can be located in more than one image transmission gap at the same time, but preferably not simultaneously in the fuser gap and in the image transmission gap. The path of the recording element for the successive recording of the different color images is generally straight and enables the use of recording elements of different thicknesses. The endless paper transport path 516 is guided around a multiplicity of support elements. As shown in Fig. 10, the plurality of support members are, for example, the rollers 513, 514, with the roller 513 preferably being driven by the motor M (of course, other support members, such as rails or bars, would also be used with the present invention). The paper transport path can be driven by the friction drive of the secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve rollers, whereby the primary, image-forming double-sleeve rollers are driven, or additional drives can be provided. The process speed is determined by the speed of the paper transport path, which can take any suitable speed, typically approx. 300 mm s ^-1 .

The support structures 575 a, b, c, d and e are located directly upstream and downstream of each transfer nip in order to engage the web on the rear side and to change the straight course of the web such that the web is guided around each intermediate transfer element roller that on each side of the gap there is a contact area of more than 1 mm (gap pre-winding and gap post-winding) or at least on one side of the gap, the total contact area preferably being less than 20 mm. The gap is located where the pressure roller touches the back of the web or, if no pressure roller is used, where there is a substantial exposure to the electric field. The image transfer area of the gap forms a smaller area than the entire contact area. The contact area of the web around the secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve roller also provides a path in which the leading edge of the receiving element follows the curvature of the secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve roller, but separate from engagement with this roller while being along a substantially tangent to the surface of the cylindrical, secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve roller extending line. Pressurization by transfer support rollers 521B, C, M and Y occurs on the back of paper transport path 516 and brings the resilient secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member surface into close contact with the takeup member during transfer. Preferably, the pressure of each transfer support roller 521 B, C, M and Y on the paper transport path 516 is 7 pounds per square inch (0.04823 N / mm ² ) or more. The transfer support rollers can be replaced by corona loaders, preloaded lamellae or preloaded brushes. Significant pressure is built up in the transfer nip to take advantage of the resilient intermediate transfer element which lies in the adaptation of the toned image to the receiving element and the image content from both a microscopic and macroscopic point of view. The pressure can be built up solely by the transfer pretensioner, or by additional pressure built up by another element, such as a roller, shoe, squeegee or brush.

With reference to FIG. 10, it should be pointed out that the contact area in front of the gap and the contact area behind the gap to any suitable value in any of the Module is adjustable, and can be different between modules by one Setting of the individual surveys of individual support structures is carried out, or by Arrange the support structures in places that are not halfway between the Modules, or by both of these measures. To the contact area in front of the gap and the contact area after the gap within each module independently to control, a larger number of support structures can be used, e.g. two support structures per module, one on each side of each transmission gap. Support structures can include rails, bars, rollers, etc.

The elements shown in Fig. 11, which are similar to those shown in Fig. 10, are with a quotation mark (') after the reference symbol. In the embodiment 11 is a toner color separation image in each of the four colors from each module 591 B ', 591 C ', 591 M' and 591 Y 'on the respective primary imaging Double sleeve elements formed, such as the photoconductive drums 503 B ', 503 C', 503 M 'and 503 Y', with each drum having a removable, replaceable interior Sleeve element and a removable, replaceable outer sleeve element comprises. The respective toner color separation images are aligned on one Transfer receiving element while the receiving element is moving or from Moves module to module and at each transmission gap (510 B 'is the only one designated gap) receives a corresponding toner color separation image. By doing The exemplary embodiment from FIG. 11 are the secondary intermediate image transmission double-sleeve elements does not exist and each is transferred directly Image from the corresponding photoconductor double-sleeve drum on the Recording element, while the receiving element is successively through the Transfer stations moved while being held by the paper transport path 516 '. In the preferred embodiment for the direct transfer of toner images from primary, imaging double-sleeve elements on recording sheets sees the outer Sleeve element 509 B 'pre-micro-adapts by taking charge generating Layer and the charge transport layer and on the stiffening layer a compliant Layer is applied, the resilient layer preferably having a thickness 0.5 - 2.0 mm. The preferred electrical and physical properties are similar to those of the compliant layer of the outer sleeve member 542 B. About the compliant layer may be a thin, conductive layer, e.g. made of nickel on which a barrier layer, a charge generating layer and a Charge transport layer is applied as previously described. The thin conductive Layer can be grounded during operation.

In another preferred embodiment, the number is for the Full color imaging required modules by providing a photoconductive, outer sleeve member and a resilient secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member reduced. The elements shown in Fig. 12, which are similar to those in 10 and 11 are shown with a double quotation mark (") after the Provide reference numerals. In the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 12, one with the Reference number 600 designates two modules 691 BC and 691 MY, and also a different number of modules can be used. Each module is structured similarly, with Except for the fact that the paper conveyor 516 ", which is also called an endless belt can be trained to work with all modules, and that the Receiving elements 512a ", 512b", 512c "and 512d" from the paper transport path 516 "from Can be transported module to module. For example, module 691 BC includes one rotating, photoconductive, primary, imaging double sleeve drum 603 B, which in one counter-rotating, photoconductive, secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve drum 608 BC engages in a pressure gap designated 610 B, whereby the drum 608 BC in a pressure nip 610 BC engaged by the transfer backup roller 621 BC is located behind the paper transport path 516 ", and wherein the paper transport path is the Drum 608 BC drives by friction, which in turn drives drum 603 B. In addition to the friction drive, a motor drive can alternatively be used to the Drum to complement a drum. The movement of the paper transport path 516 "is complete indicated by an arrow and is done by driving the roller 513 ". The primary, double sleeve imaging roller 603 B includes a rigid one (not shown in Fig. 12) Core element, a removable, replaceable, resilient, inner sleeve element 607 B, which preferably grips and surrounds the core element in a non-adhesive manner, and a removable, replaceable, photoconductive, outer sleeve element 609 B, which the inner sleeve member preferably grips and surrounds non-stick. The photoconductive, primary double-sleeve imaging drum 603 BC includes (not shown in FIG. 12 shown) rigid core element, a removable, replaceable, macro-compliant, inner sleeve element 641 C, which preferably does not adhere to the core element grips and surrounds, as well as a removable, replaceable, micro-compliant, Photoconductive outer sleeve member 642 C, which preferably the inner sleeve member does not grip and surrounds. The material properties of the drums 603 B and 608 BC are the same as those of the previously described 503 B, C, M and Y drums each drum 603 B, 608 BC, 603 M and 608 MY becomes a different, single color Toner image formed, for example from black, cyan, magenta and yellow toners as indicated by the letters B, C, M and Y, or from other colors or from a different number of colors. They are also toner free Color attributes can be used. In the 601 BC module, a black toner image is printed on the Drum 603 B formed using the primary loader 605 B, the Lasers 606 B and the development station 681 B. Furthermore, a cyan Toner image on drum 608 BC using primary charger 605 C, the Lasers 606 C and the development station 681 C. The black toner image becomes electrostatic in the gap 610 B from drum 603 B to drum 608 BC transferred so that the black toner image is applied to the cyan image, creating a first, aligned, composite image. The rotary motion the drum 608 BC brings the first composite image into the gap 610 BC, where the first composite image is electrostatically transferred to a recording sheet, for example on paper sheet 512b ". In module 691 MY, a magenta-colored toner image on the primary, image-forming double-sleeve element 603 B, and a yellow-colored toner image, which is on the photoconductive, secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 608 MY is formed in combined in the same way in gap 610 M to form a second, composite image that is transmitted in column 610 MY over the first composite image to align an aligned four-color composite image on the recording sheet produce.

Before forming single color toner images on drums 603 B, 608 BC, 603 M and 608 MY, the outer surfaces of the corresponding outer sleeve elements are covered by the corresponding cleaning stations 604 B, C, M and Y cleaned.

In the three exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 10, 11 and 12, the Transfer backup rollers 521, 521 'and 621 BC have a preferred diameter of 20-80 mm and preferably run in continuous current mode. The diameters of the primary, imaging double sleeve elements and the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve elements are preferably in the range of 80-240 mm. In the three Embodiments of FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 can have different recording sheets located in different columns at the same time; so it is possible that one Recording sheet is located in two adjacent columns at the same time, the time of Image generation and the corresponding transfer to the recording sheet selected in this way is that the images are transferred correctly, so that the corresponding Images are aligned and expected to be transferred.

Each of the three exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 has one Paper transport path provided to transport a sheet through gaps, in which toner images have been transferred to the recording sheet, as previously described has been. In certain applications, it may be useful to have a toner image of one To transfer intermediate transfer double sleeve element to a receiving element, by an electrically biased one located directly behind the receiving sheet Transfer roller is used, i.e. in one between the intermediate transfer double sleeve member and the nip formed nip without use a paper transport path. In certain applications, it may make sense to use a Toner image directly from a primary, imaging, double-sleeve element Transfer receiving element by one arranged directly behind the receiving sheet electrically biased transfer roller is used, i.e. in one between the primary, imaging double-sleeve element and the transfer roller trained gap without using a paper transport path.

Although a drum is preferred, an intermediate transfer member can be in the form a web can be used, with a primary imaging double sleeve member is used in the color reproduction device described here. Similarly is a primary, imaging element in the form of a web with a secondary Intermediate image transmission double sleeve element can be used. In some applications it may make sense to use a primary, imaging double sleeve element with a To use intermediate transfer roller, which is not designed with double sleeves. Likewise, in some applications it may be useful to have a secondary one Intermediate image transfer double sleeve element with a primary, image-forming To use roller that is not designed with double sleeves.

In the color reproduction device described here, the device is also can be used to color images in different color combinations instead of to use the four-color image described. It is possible to have fewer color modules in the To provide device or additional color modules in the device. Although it affects present description the formation of a composite image on a Recording sheet, which is composed of a plurality of color images, but the Invention takes into account images from different physical toners can be combined on a recording sheet to form a resultant composite Train picture. So with the help of the transmission device described here and the described method, a black toner image can be transferred to a recording sheet, wherein the toner image is formed from non-magnetic toner, and wherein a second, black image on the same recording sheet with a magnetic toner is trained.

In the exemplary embodiments described, the contact area of the web which supports the receiving element in contact with the element carrying the toner image is determined by the tension of the conveyor belt. The actual transfer gap in which the main part of the electric field is present between the element carrying the toner image and the transfer support roller or another counterelectrode for transferring the toner image to the receiving element is smaller than this contact area. Providing a contact area that is longer than the actual transfer gap reduces the risk of pre-gap transfer and pre-portioning, especially if the conveyor belt is insulating. As already mentioned, the contact area, at least in the pre-nip area, should preferably be larger than the roll nip by more than 1 mm. If a transfer backup roller is used to pressurize the underside of the belt and to bring the receiving element at the nip into close contact with the element carrying the toner image, the pressure roller should preferably have a medium conductivity, ie a volume resistance of 10 ^{7-10 11} ohm-cm; however, transfer support rollers with high conductivity can also be used, ie with the conductivity of a metal. Other structures, as previously mentioned, can also be used in place of the transfer support rollers to pressurize the web at the nip, including elements with conductive fibers that are electrically biased and provided with a stiffening structure on either side of the brush to apply pressure to exercise the web, or rollers with conductive fibers.

In the exemplary embodiments described above, the transmission of the Toner image on the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member and of the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member on the Pickup element, and generally all toner image transfers occur electrostatically and preferably without exposure to heat, resulting in a Melt the toner. Preferably there is no fixation Transfer of the toner images to the recording element in the columns, through which the Pass the paper conveyor belt and the receiving element through. When training one The multitude of color images in alignment on a recording sheet takes into account the Invention that multiple color toner images on the same image field of the photoconductive Image elements can be formed using known techniques, such as in US 4,078,929 described. The primary imaging element can use images Form photoconductive elements, as already described, or using dielectric elements and with electrographic recording. The one for development The toners used are preferably dry toners, which are preferably non-magnetic are; the development stations are as two-component development stations known. One-component developers can also be used, but not too prefer is. Liquid toners can also be used, but are also not preferred.

Other loading devices, such as rollers, can be used instead of corona wire loaders in order to do this Holding element or the print medium electrostatically on the web and to electrostatically discharge the receiving element.

The cleaning of the front and back of the paper transport path is with wiper blades 560 and 562 (Fig. 10), 560 ', 562' (Fig. 11) or 560 ", 562" (Fig. 12). Wiper blades are preferred for cleaning the front and back used.

Additional thin layers (not shown in any of the figures) to support adhesion between the layers are in the manufacture of inner and outer sleeve elements usable, such as the well-known top or substrate layers.

To install or remove an inner or outer invention To facilitate sleeve element, submicron particles of silicon dioxide, Titanium dioxide, etc. on the outer surface of a core element, on the inner or Outer surface of an inner sleeve member or on the inner surface of an outer Sleeve element are applied. Alternatively, a surface area can be created with a thickness in the range of a few molecular dimensions in a chemical manner be selected or modified that the area with chemical molecular groups low surface energy on these surfaces (not shown in any of the figures) having.

The invention describes a double sleeve roll for use in a electrostatographic machine, the double-sleeve roller one essentially includes a cylindrical and rigid core element, an exchangeable, removable, multilayer, inner sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt with at least one resilient layer such that the inner sleeve member Core element surrounds and is tight and non-adherent, and a interchangeable, removable, multilayer, outer sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt with at least one synthetic layer such that the outer sleeve member surrounds the inner sleeve member and tight on this and not adheres to. The synthetic layer can be, for example, a plastic, a polymer Copolymer, an elastomer, a foam, a photoconductive material, a material with Filling particles, a material with two or more phases or a fiber-reinforced one Material. The inner sleeve member is using a sleeve installation process can be applied to the core element, and the outer sleeve element is by means of a Sleeve installation method applicable to the inner sleeve member, the outer Sleeve member from the inner sleeve member by a sleeve removal process is removable, and wherein the inner sleeve member from the core member through a Sleeve removal process is removable, and wherein all sleeve elements are in the form of a Continuous web not only maintained during operation of the double-sleeve roller, but also also during the installation of a sleeve element or during the removal of one The sleeve member. In the preferred embodiments, the double-sleeve roller can a primary, imaging double sleeve element, a secondary Intermediate image transfer double sleeve element or a bifunctional, photoconductive secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve element.

A preferred sleeve installation method involves providing a source compressed fluids on the underside of a sleeve member, the preferred compressed fluid is compressed air; turning on the source of compressed fluids elastic expansion of the sleeve element, so that the sleeve element along the Surface of a substrate, which comprises a further element, is displaceable by the to surround another element, the other element being a core element or one on top of the Core element arranged inner sleeve member can be; further exposure to the source of compressed fluid while the sleeve member to be displaced continues is postponed until it has reached a predetermined position around the other element; the Turning off the source of the compressed fluid, causing the sleeve member can relax and grasp the other element under tension. There are more Sleeve installation procedure can be used, e.g. Heating the on the substrate installing sleeve member or cooling the substrate to by heating or To be able to use cooling changes caused temporarily.

A preferred sleeve end installation method involves providing a source compressed fluids on the underside of a sleeve member, the preferred compressed fluid is compressed air; turning on the source of compressed fluids elastic expansion of the sleeve element, so that the sleeve element along the Surface of a substrate comprising another element can be moved to the to surround another element, the other element being a core element or one on top of the Core element is arranged inner sleeve element; further exposure to the Source of compressed fluid while the sleeve member is moved further from and other item is removed; Turn off the source of the compressed fluid. There are Other sleeve installation methods can be used, including Heating the on the substrate sleeve element to be uninstalled or the substrate cooled by heating or cooling can cause temporary changes in dimensions.

With reference to preferred embodiments with inclusion 1 shows a sectional view of a preferred Embodiment 10 of an inner sleeve member 15 which on a cylindrical, rigid core element 11 is arranged. The inner sleeve member 15 has preferably in the form of a tubular endless belt and can be in one Double-sleeve rollers are used which have a resilient or photoconductive outer Includes sleeve element. The preferred core element 11 is essentially rigid and Generally not solid throughout, as shown in FIG. 1, and preferably includes a hollow, cylindrical metal tube or a sleeve made of, for example, aluminum. The core element 11 has a smooth surface and preferably a non-roundness of less than 80 µm and ideally less than 20 µm. The core element 11 can be a Have internal structure which may include chambers e.g. for compressed air and related Pipes, reinforcing struts, etc., and can be provided with holes for compressed air from an inner chamber through the cylindrical tube during installation and the Uninstall the inner sleeve member 15 to guide.

The inner sleeve member 15 includes a reinforcing band 12, an inner, resilient one Layer 13, which is arranged on the reinforcing tape 12 and one on the inner, flexible layer arranged protective layer 14. The reinforcing tape 12 can be rigid or be flexible has a modulus of elasticity of preferably less than 300 GPa and a thickness of preferably 1-500 µm and most preferably 5-150 µm. On Reinforcement tape can be made of any suitable material, including Metal, elastomer, copolymer, plastic or other materials, a fabric or a reinforced material, such as a filler or fibers, for example a reinforced one Silicone band. A reinforcement tape can have a high surface energy on its outer surface have before the compliant inner sleeve layer is formed thereon, and it can also on its inner surface which is in contact with the core element have low surface energy. A reinforcing tape is preferably a Endless belt or a tubular belt that, for example, is woven, extruded, electroformed or from sheet metal using, for example Ultrasonic welding or an adhesive can be generated. Preferably that is Reinforcement tape seamless.

The resilient inner sleeve layer 13 preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.5 - 20 mm and best of 2 - 10 mm and a modulus of elasticity of preferably less than 10 MPa and best in the range of 1 - 5 MPa. The compliant Inner sleeve layer 13 is formed from a polymer material, e.g. an elastomer, such as polyurethane or other materials known in the published literature. The compliant inner sleeve layer 13 may be a material with one or more phases include, e.g. a foam or a solid phase dispersion in another. The resilient inner sleeve layer preferably has a transverse expansion factor in the range of 0.2-0.5 and better in the range of 0.45-0.5, being a preferred material Polyurethane with a transverse expansion factor of approximately 0.495.

The protective layer 14 is preferably made of a suitable material is flexible and hard, e.g. a synthetic material, preferably a Ceramer or a sol gel that is applied to the thick layer using a suitable coating process compliant inner sleeve layer 13 is applied. Alternatively, the Protective layer 14 comprise a thin metal tape, e.g. Nickel that with the compliant Inner sleeve layer 13 is glued, or which has the shape of an endless belt, the applied under tension to the outer surface of the resilient inner sleeve layer 13 is, for example with compressed air support or by cooling the Reinforcement tape and the resilient inner sleeve layer to shrink it so that the endless metal band can be pushed on. The protective layer 14 has one Thickness of preferably 1-50 µm and most preferably 4-15 µm as well as a Young's modulus, preferably greater than 100 MPa and best in the range of 0.5-20 GPa.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a resilient outer sleeve member 20 which can be used in a secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member. The resilient outer sleeve member 20 is preferably a tubular endless belt and comprises a stiffening layer 21, an outer, resilient sleeve layer 22 applied to the stiffening layer, and a separating layer 23 applied to the thin outer, resilient sleeve layer 23. The stiffening layer 21 is preferably in the form of a seamless continuous web and preferably comprises a suitable metal, for example steel, nickel or another highly wear-resistant metal. The stiffening layer 21 can comprise an elastomer, for example a polyurethane, a polyimide, a polyamide or a fluoropolymer, the elastomer having an elastic limit which is not exceeded during operation. The stiffening layer 21 can also comprise a fabric or a reinforced material or a sol-gel or a ceramer with a proof stress that is not exceeded during operation. The stiffening layer 21 preferably consists of nickel, for example in the form of a suitable, thin, electroformed, seamless nickel band, which can be obtained, for example, from Stork Screens America, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. A stiffening layer 21 is preferably less than 500 microns thick, and most preferably in the range of 10-200 microns. The stiffening layer 21 has a modulus of elasticity of preferably more than approximately 0.1 GPa and most preferably 50-300 GPa. The stiffening layer 21 preferably has a volume resistivity of less than approximately 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm and is preferably connectable to an electrical current or voltage source. In some applications, however, it is desirable to use a non-conductive material for the stiffening layer 21. In this case, the stiffening layer 21 can be coated with a thin, conductive material, for example a metal film, which is connected to an electrical voltage or current source.

Preferably, the outer resilient sleeve layer 22 has a thickness in the range of 0.5-2 mm and an elastic modulus of preferably less than 10 MPa and most preferably in the range 1-5 MPa. The outer compliant sleeve layer 22 is preferably formed from a polymeric material, such as an elastomer such as polyurethane or other materials known in the published literature, and may comprise a material with one or more phases, such as a foam or a solid phase dispersion in one others. Preferably, the outer, resilient sleeve layer 22 has a transverse elongation number in the range of 0.2-0.5 and better in the range of 0.45-0.5, a preferred material being a polyurethane with a transverse elongation number of approximately 0.495. In order to achieve a suitable, ie low, specific electrical resistance, the elastomer from which the outer, flexible sleeve layer 22 is made can be doped with a sufficiently conductive material (for example antistatic particles, ionically conductive materials or electrically conductive dopants). The outer, resilient sleeve layer 22 should preferably have a volume resistance of 10 ^{7-10 11} ohm-cm and most preferably about 10 ⁹ ohm-cm. The separating layer 23 preferably comprises a synthetic material, such as a sol-gel, a ceramer, a polyurethane or a fluoropolymer, although other materials with good separating properties can also be used, including materials with low surface energy. The separating layer 23 has a modulus of elasticity of greater than 100 MPa, preferably 0.5-20 GPa and a thickness of preferably 1-50 µm, more preferably 4-15 µm. The separating layer 23 has a volume resistivity of preferably 10 ^{7-10 13} Ohm-cm, most preferably about 10 ¹⁰ Ohm-cm.

Figure 3 shows a photoconductive outer sleeve member 30 suitable for a primary, double sleeve, imaging drum. The photoconductive outer sleeve member 30 is preferably an endless tubular belt and includes a stiffening layer 31 and a photoconductive structure 32 applied to the stiffening layer. The photoconductive structure 32 may include one or more layers made of any known and suitable photoconductive material may consist of, for example, an inorganic material or a dispersion, a homogeneous, organic, photoconductive layer, an aggregated, organic, photoconductive layer, a composite structure with a charge generating layer plus a charge transport layer, etc. The stiffening layer 31 is preferably conductive with a volume resistivity of less as approx. 10 ¹⁰ Ohm-cm and can be connected to ground. In some applications, however, it is desirable to use a non-conductive material for the stiffening layer. In this case, the stiffening layer 31 can be coated with a thin, conductive material, for example a metal film, which can be connected to ground. A stiffening layer 31 may comprise any suitable, strong, flexible material and is preferably less than 500 microns thick, and most preferably in the range 10-200 microns. The stiffening layer has a modulus of elasticity of preferably more than about 0.1 GPa and most preferably 50-300 GPa. The stiffening layer is preferably in the form of a seamless, tubular band.

Fig. 4 (a) shows a preferred embodiment of a photoconductive outer Sleeve member 40A, which is a stiffening layer 41, one on the stiffening layer applied barrier layer 42, a charge-generating layer applied to the barrier layer Layer 43 and one deposited on the charge generating layer Charge transport layer 44 includes. The outer sleeve member 40A is preferably a tubular endless belt. A stiffening layer 41 is preferably in the form a seamless, tubular band and can be any suitable, strong, pliable Include material. The stiffening layer 41 has a thickness of less than 500 μm and preferably from 10 to 200 μm and an elastic modulus of greater than 0.1 GPa, preferably from 50-300 GPa. The stiffening layer 41 preferably consists of a seamless nickel band of approx. 127 µm made by electroforming (0.005 inch) thickness, e.g. by Stork Screens America, Inc., Charlotte, North Carolina, USA, can be obtained. The barrier layer 42 comprises any suitable material for example, a nylon that charges injection from the stiffening layer 41 prevented, and the barrier layer preferably comprises a polyamide resin layer of 0.5 - 1.0 µm thickness, which is applied to the stiffening layer 41. The Charge generating layer 43 may comprise any suitable material, including in the literature well-known dispersions. Preferably, the charge generating layer 43 is one Layer of the type described in US Pat. No. 5,614,342 with one on the barrier layer applied Co-crystal dispersion, wherein the charge-generating layer has a thickness of 0.5 - 1.0 µm and preferably of about 0.5 µm. Those on the charge-generating Layer 43 applied charge transport layer 44 has a thickness of 12-35 microns and preferably of about 25 microns. The charge transport layer 44 can be any suitable Compositions and materials include those published in the literature are generally known, the charge transport layer preferably 2 parts by weight Tri-tolylamine and 2 parts by weight of 1,1-bis {4- (di-4-tolylamine) phenyl} methane in one Binder of 1 part by weight of poly [4,4 '- (2-norbomylidene) bisphenol terephthalate-Co-Azelate- (60/40)] and 5 parts by weight of Makrolon ™ polycarbonate, available from General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, USA, as in US 5,614,342 described.

Fig. 4 (b) shows a preferred embodiment of a photoconductive outer Sleeve member, as represented by a multi-layer composite structure 40B, which in the Compared to the outer sleeve member 40A of Figure 4 (a) includes additional layers. With the exception of the additional layers, some layers correspond to this more preferred embodiment directly the layers 41, 42, 43 and 44 of the outer Sleeve element 40A, the properties and dimensions of which correspond to the layers, which are labeled 41 ', 42', 43 'and 44' in Fig. 4 (B). The outer sleeve member 40B comprises a stiffening layer 41 ', which is preferably in the form of a seamless, has tubular endless belt, a formed on the stiffening layer, compliant layer 45, an optional electrode layer applied to layer 45 46, an optional barrier layer 42 ′ applied on the electrode layer 46, one on the Barrier layer applied, charge generating layer 43 'and one on the charge transport layer 44 'applied to the charge generating layer. For the optional Barrier layer 42 'may require unwanted charge injections suppress that either from the compliant layer 45 to the charge generating Act layer or from the optional electrode layer 46 on the charge generating Layer. The outer sleeve member 40B is preferably a seamless endless belt. Except for the specific one previously given for layer 41 Volume resistance, which is not required for the stiffening layer 41 ', each can have any volume resistance, the layers 41 ', 42', 43 'and 44' in full and function like layers 41, 42, 43 and 44 and are here not described in detail. The optional electrode layer 46 comprises any thin, conductive and flexible material, such as nickel, and is with mass connected. Aside from a certain volume resistance that is required the resilient layer 45 is equal to that in terms of properties and dimensions Layer 22 of the resilient outer sleeve member 20 of FIG. 2. An advantage of the outer sleeve member 40B opposite outer sleeve member 40A consists of micro-adjustment created by the compliant layer 45.

In a further, alternative modification to the exemplary embodiment 40B, the flexible layer 45 has a volume resistance of preferably less than approximately 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm and no electrode layer 46, as a result of which the stiffening layer 41 ′ can be connected to ground and has a volume resistance similar to the stiffening layer 41 must, or if the stiffening layer 41 'has an insulating effect, it must be coated with a thin, flexible and conductive layer which can be connected to ground.

5-9 show preferred devices and methods for installing Sleeve elements on a double sleeve roller and for removing sleeve elements from a double sleeve roller.

Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a Double sleeve roller, the associated outer sleeve element on an inner Sleeve element installed or removed. During the manufacturing process of printing, the double sleeve roller is axially supported at both ends. For removal a sleeve, the holder is moved at one end, and the double-sleeve roller is located at one end (not shown) that is opposite to that at which a sleeve element is installed or removed, held and remains with one Frame element of an electrostatographic machine during installation or Uninstall a sleeve connected. It should be noted that Fig. 5 in Generally any double sleeve roller according to the invention can represent. As For example, the double-sleeve roller is used as a primary, imaging Double sleeve roller 50 shown. Some of the numbered sleeve components Fig. 5 correspond to those described above and are by the corresponding Reference symbols denoted by single quotes. An inner sleeve member 15 'is in Installed position shown in part of the core member 59. The inner sleeve member 15 ' comprises a reinforcement tape 12 'in close, non-adhesive contact with the Core element 59, a resilient one arranged on the reinforcement band 12 ' Inner sleeve layer 13 'and one arranged on the resilient inner sleeve layer 13' hard protective layer 14 '. An outer sleeve member 30 'is during the process of Installation or uninstallation of the inner sleeve member 15 'shown. To the For purposes of the invention, the outer sleeve member 30 'includes a stiffening layer 31' and a photoconductive structure 32 'applied to the stiffening layer 31'. The Installation or uninstallation of an outer sleeve member 30 'is by the Flow of a pressurized fluid through the opening 57a of the core enables, for example, from a source of compressed fluid that is is preferably compressed air from a line 57b, then through a Connection channel 57, which leads through an end block 51 and connects to a line 58 within an end cap 52 which abuts the end block 51. The Line 58 is one of a plurality of identical lines that differ from a common one Extend distributor 53 from a beam. All of these lines (of which the others not shown) come to the surface of the end cap 52 to form compressed air corresponding variety of openings to guide the completion of the variety of Form lines on the periphery of the end cap 52. Those from the multitude of Compressed air emerging from openings below the outer sleeve element 30 'causes this elastic expansion, whereby the outer sleeve member 30 'on the surface of the inner sleeve member 15 'is slidable. The end cap 52 includes one annular, conical section 52a to push the outer Sleeve element 30 'to facilitate at the beginning. The end cap 52 also includes one annular chamfer 56, which the pushing and pulling of the outer sleeve member 30 'relieved. The following description assumes that the outer Sleeve element 30 'has been removed. Once the outer sleeve member 30 is removed has become, the source of the compressed air passing through the connecting duct 57 off. To remove the inner sleeve member 15 ', the End cap 52 removed. Then, as shown in Fig. 5, compressed air is passed through another Line 54a, which opens into a distributor 54 within the end block 51, which in turn leads to a multitude of lines running radially through the end of the Kemelements 59 occur and in a corresponding plurality of openings on the Periphery of the core member 59 end. Because of this multitude of openings Coming compressed air, the inner sleeve member 15 'is stretched, whereby it from the Core element 59 can be removed; after removal of the inner sleeve element 15 ' the compressed air source is switched off. Around an inner and an outer sleeve element To replace a bare core element 59, the steps of the previously described Reverse procedure. For the installation of the inner sleeve member 15 'has a annular chamfer 56 at the end of the core element has been found to be helpful.

6 shows a partial sectional view of a further preferred exemplary embodiment of a Double-sleeve roller, which is generally any double-sleeve roller according to the invention represents. As an example, the double sleeve roll is considered a secondary Intermediate image transmission double sleeve element 60 shown, but it can also be a primary, imaging double sleeve element. Some of the numbered 6 correspond to the previously described and are by the corresponding reference numerals with quotation marks. The secondary Intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 60 includes a core member 61 (of which no internal details are shown), an inner sleeve element 15 'in a narrow, not adhesive contact with the core member 61 and a resilient outer sleeve member 20 'in close, non-adhesive contact with the inner sleeve member 15'. The inner Sleeve member 15 'includes a reinforcement tape 12' in close, non-stick contact with the core element 61, a resilient arranged on the reinforcement band 12 ' Inner sleeve layer 13 'and one arranged on the resilient inner sleeve layer 13' hard protective layer 14 '. The resilient outer sleeve member 20 'includes one Stiffening layer 21 ', a compliant layer 22' and a release layer 23 ', wherein it should be noted that the resilient outer sleeve member 20 'also photoconductive outer sleeve element of a primary, imaging Can represent double sleeve element. In addition, two bevels, replaceable end pieces shown, namely an end piece 62 with a larger diameter at one end of the roller 60 and an end piece 63 with a smaller diameter at the other end of the roller. In the end pieces 62 and 63 there are two openings 66 and 67, respectively embedded, in which the axis elements 68 and 60 can be introduced.

The axis elements 68 and 69 are on the frame elements of an electrostatographic Machine supported, wherein during the operation of the roller 60 each axis element in stores its corresponding opening and thus holds the roller. As with the Shown with double arrows in each of the axis elements, each axis element is independent can be inserted into and removed from the corresponding opening as required, when a sleeve is installed or uninstalled. The secondary Intermediate image transfer double sleeve roller 60 is at one or the other end constantly held during removal or replacement of a sleeve. The Axle member 68 is removed from opening 66 when outer sleeve member 20 ' to be uninstalled or replaced, the axis element 69 in the Opening 67 remains as a holder. In the same way, the axis element 69 from the Opening 67 is removed when the inner sleeve member 15 'is uninstalled or replaced should be, the axis member 68 remains in the opening 67 as a holder. The Axle elements 68 and 69 and the openings 66 and 67 are only exemplary here shown; Suitable means can therefore be provided to attach the roller to each Hold end separately.

The outer sleeve member 20 'overlies a plurality of openings through one cylindrical portion of the end piece 62 are introduced, the cylindrical Section has an outer diameter which is substantially equal to the sum of the Outer diameter of the core member 61 plus the thickness of the inner sleeve member 15 ' is. The plurality of openings is connected to a source of compressed air which serves to compliant, outer sleeve member 20 'during installation or removal to stretch from the inner sleeve member 15 '. The inner layer is superimposed in the same way Sleeve member 15 'a plurality of openings through a cylindrical Section of the end piece 63 are introduced, the cylindrical portion one Has outer diameter which is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the Core element 61. The large number of openings is connected to a compressed air source, which serves the inner sleeve member 15 'during installation on or Uninstall from the core member 61 to stretch, the resilient, outer Sleeve member 20 'during installation or removal of the interior Sleeve element 15 'is not present.

7 shows a partial sectional view of a further preferred exemplary embodiment of a Double-sleeve roller, which is generally any double-sleeve roller according to the invention represents. As an example, the double sleeve roll is considered a secondary Intermediate image transmission double sleeve element 70 shown, but it can also be a primary, imaging double sleeve element. Some of the numbered 7 correspond to those described above and are by the corresponding reference numerals with double quotes. The secondary Intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 70 includes a core member 71 (of which no internal details are shown), an inner sleeve element 15 "in narrow, not adhesive contact with the core member 71 and a resilient outer Sleeve member 20 'in close non-adhesive contact with the inner sleeve member 15 ". Furthermore, a disk-shaped end element 72 is shown, which is permanently attached to one End of the core member 71 is fixed, wherein the disc-shaped end member 72 in Has essentially the same outer diameter as the core element 71. The inner sleeve member 15 "includes a reinforcement tape 12" in a tight, non-adherent manner Contact with the core element 71, a on the reinforcing tape 12 ", flexible inner sleeve layer 13 "and one on the flexible inner sleeve layer 13" arranged hard protective layer 14 ". The resilient outer sleeve member 20" comprises a stiffening layer 21 ", a compliant layer 22" and a separating layer 23 ", it should be noted that the resilient outer sleeve member 20 "also a photoconductive, outer sleeve element of a primary, imaging Can represent double sleeve element.

Furthermore, a removable, conical end piece 74 is shown, which with a Opening 79 is provided, into which an axis element 78 can be introduced. The axis element 78 is supported on a frame member of an electrostatographic machine, wherein it during operation of the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 70 in its corresponding opening 79 and thus the roller in connection with a permanently held at the other end of the roller (not shown). The secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 70 is permanent by this Axle constantly held during removal or replacement of a sleeve. How shown with the double arrow, the axis member 78 from the opening 79th removed when one of the sleeves is installed or uninstalled. It was on it pointed out that the axis element 78 and the opening 79 are only exemplary here are shown; Suitable means can therefore be provided to attach the roller their end, which lies opposite the end with the constantly mounted axle, separately holders. The outer sleeve member 20 "overlies a plurality of openings through a cylindrical portion of the tapered end piece 72 is inserted, wherein the cylindrical portion has an outer diameter that is substantially the same the sum of the outer diameter of the core member 71 plus the thickness of the inner one Sleeve member is 15 ". The plurality of openings are with a compressed air source connected, which serves the resilient outer sleeve member 20 "during the Installation on or deinstallation of the inner sleeve element 15 ". After removing the outer sleeve element 20 "and after removing the conical End piece 74 becomes a disc-shaped element 73 with a smaller diameter, such as represented by the chain lines in outline, on the disc-shaped end element 72 attached. The inner sleeve member 15 "overlies a plurality of openings that step through a disc-shaped end element. The variety of openings is one Connected compressed air source, which serves to the inner sleeve member 15 "during the Stretch installation on or deinstallation of the core element 71, which inner sleeve element 15 "is pushed over the temporary element 73.

FIG. 8 schematically shows how the outer and inner sleeve member of the one in FIG. 6 secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve roller 60 shown.

In (a) the axle member 68 is removed from the tapered end piece 62; in (b) the resilient outer sleeve member 20 'with compressed air support as before described, peeled and removed from the inner sleeve member 15 '; in (c) it becomes Axis element 68 inserted again and the axis element 69 removed; in (d) it becomes inner sleeve element 15 'with compressed air support is withdrawn from the core element 61 and removed.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of how the inner and outer sleeve member the secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve member 70 shown in FIG. 7 be removed. In (a), the axis member 78 becomes from the tapered end piece 74 away; in (b) the resilient outer sleeve member 20 "with Compressed air support, as previously described, from the inner sleeve member 15 " peeled and removed, whereupon the conical end piece 74 is removed; in (c) the conical element 73 with a smaller diameter on the disc-shaped End member 72 attached; in (d) the inner sleeve member 15 "with Compressed air support is removed from core member 71 and removed.

In the following steps (1), (2) and (3), processes for producing a secondary intermediate image transfer double-sleeve roller according to the invention described. These methods are also used to manufacture an internal one according to the invention Sleeve element suitable for a primary, image-forming double-sleeve roller.

Step 1) Selection and production of a reinforcement tape before coating a flexible, inner sleeve element :

The adhesion between a reinforcing tape and a flexible inner sleeve layer is indispensable for the production of an inner sleeve element, which one Hard grinding process includes. Good liability ensures that an inner Sleeve element can be finish-ground with tools according to the prior art, to achieve very little runout. Better liability of a compliant Inner sleeve layer, for example the adhesion of a polyurethane to one Reinforcement tape from e.g. Nickel, can be achieved by using the Nickel surface is cleaned well, e.g. by degreasing the nickel surface with a Ketone solvent or by etching with a dilute strong acid or alkali. Also roughening the surface can promote better adhesion. Another procedure To improve adhesion, there is a metal-coated for the reinforcement tape Tape, e.g. a copper-coated one made by electro-forming Nickel tape, e.g. by Stork Screens America, Inc., of Charlotte, NC, USA. In addition to copper metals such as aluminum or zinc can also be used to Coating the nickel surface to improve adhesion. Alternatively, you can significantly improve the adhesion by surface treatment of the nickel to a to induce chemical bonding between nickel and polyurethane, for example by Use of commercially available urethane coupling agents. Examples of such Adhesion promoters are CONAP® AD6, CONAP® AD1147 from Conap Inc. of Olean, NY, USA, and Chemlok® 210, Chemlok® 213, Chemlok® 218 or Chemlok® 219 from Lord Corporation, Cary, NC, USA to name a few. But such adhesion promoters are less desirable because an additional layer (the adhesion promoter layer) between the nickel and the conductive polyurethane contaminate the inner sleeve member and whose resistance could change. The preferred method is to Surface of a nickel sleeve, as explained in the example below.

example 1 Surface coating of a reinforcement tape before polyurethane casting

A made by electroforming from Stork Screens America, Inc. Charlotte, NC, USA, clean acquired nickel strip with 1N sodium hydroxide solution, rinse with water and air dry. Prepare compensation solution: 2% by weight (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane by Gelest Inc., from Tullytown, PA, USA) and 98% by weight (95% ethanol + 5% water). The shelf life of the remuneration solution is one Hour. Immerse the cleaned nickel strip in a tempering solution for 10 minutes. Nickel band with Rinse off ethanol. Cure the reinforcement tape at 150 ° C for 30 minutes.

Step 2) Forming and manufacturing the inner sleeve layer:

A polyurethane cloth is cast on a reinforcing tape in a mold commercially available prepolymers, polyols, chain extenders and antistatic agents educated. The reinforcement tape is on a cylindrical metal mandrel stretched to form the inner wall of the mold; the thorn is at the center of one arranged cylindrical outer wall, the gap between the thickness of the cloth. US 4,729,925 and 5,212,032 describe the manufacture of Resistance polyurethane elastomers based on Di [oxydiethylenebis (polycaprolactone) yl] 5-sulfo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylat. In the US 4,729,925 a controlled, specific resistance is generated by the antistatic Methyltnphenyl phosphonium sulfate is used, known by the acronym PIP. In US 5,212,032 creates a controlled, specific resistance by the Antistatic from a complex diethylene glycol and iron chloride is used for the abbreviation DGFC is used below. Preferred methods are described in Examples 2, 3 and 4 described below.

Example 2 Forming the polyurethane cloth for the inner sleeve with PIP antistatic agent.

55.385 g PIP antistatic, 597.58 g from PPG2000, one with dihydric alcohol terminated prepolymer from Dow Chemical Company of Midland, MI, USA, and 3 Drop of SAG 47 foam inhibitor from Witco Corporation of Greenwich, CT, USA, Mix. 2820.66 g of preheated L42, a prepolymer terminated with diisocyanate from Uniroyal Chemical Company of Middlebury, CT, USA and 126.38 g of EC300 diamine from Add Albemarle Corporation of Baton Rouge, LA, USA (without heating). So far required three drops of dibutyltin dilaurate (from Aldrich Chemical Company Milwaukee, WI, USA). Mix well and quickly and mix for five minutes degas for a long time. Put the mixture in a mold in which the pretreated Reinforcement tape is mounted on a mandrel, as previously described, and at 80 ° C for Allow to harden for 18 hours.

Example 3 Forming the polyurethane cloth for the inner sleeve with DGFC antistatic agent .

0.364 DGFC antistatic agent, 52.83 g of PPG2000, one with dihydric alcohol terminated prepolymer from Dow Chemical Company of Midland, MI, USA, and 3 Drop of SAG 47 foam inhibitor from Witco Corporation of Greenwich, CT, USA, Mix. 52.83 preheated L42, a prepolymer terminated with diisocyanate from Uniroyal Chemical Company of Middlebury, CT, USA and 11.19 EC300 diamine from Add Albemarle Corporation of Baton Rouge, LA, USA (without heating). So far required three drops of dibutyltin dilaurate (from Aldrich Chemical Company Milwaukee, WI, USA). Mix well and quickly and mix for five minutes degas for a long time. Put the mixture in a mold in which the pretreated Reinforcement tape is mounted on a mandrel, as previously described, and at 80 ° C for Allow to harden for 18 hours.

Example 4 Forming the polyurethane cloth for the inner sleeve with PIP antistatic agent .

VB635, a dibasic alcohol terminated prepolymer from Uniroyal Chemical Company from Middlebury, CT, USA, at 100 ° C for two hours before use heat. T-1000, a prepolymer terminated with dihydric alcohol from Chemcentral Corporation of Buffalo, NY, USA, at 100 ° C for two hours before Dry under vacuum. Weigh in the order mentioned and mix: 41.25 g PIP antistatic, 1330.44 g T-1000, 1865.12 g VB635, 63.185 g TP-30 Polyol from Perstorp Polyols Inc. of Toledo, OH, 17 drops from DABCO Polymerization catalyst from Aldrich Chemical Company of Milwaukee, WI, USA. Mix very well and degas for 5 - 8 minutes. The degassed mixture into one Pour sleeve shape in which the cloth is already, as previously described, on a mandrel is spanned. Place the mold in an oven preheated to 100 ° C and at 100 ° C allow to cure for 16 hours.

Step 3) Make a protective layer of an inner sleeve element :

A preferred material for a protective layer comprises a ceramer. US 5,968,656 describes the composition of a Ceramer protective layer and a Coating process. The preferred coating method for the intermediate transfer element according to the invention is ring coating. alternative Processes are spray coating, dip coating and transfer coating. Before the Coating can be heated or diluted with additional solvent become. With what concentration the thickness, uniformity, drying and that Curing can be controlled in a suitable manner depends on the chosen one Coating process. Additional solvents include alcohol, acetate, ketones etc.

The preferred methods of making an exterior of the invention Sleeve element of an intermediate transfer double sleeve element, as for that in FIG. 2 shown outer sleeve member correspond to those previously described A method of manufacturing an inner sleeve member, wherein instead of one Reinforcement tape a suitable stiffening layer is used. Preferably a stiffening layer comprises a metal tape or a metal coated tape, the e.g. from Stork Screens America, Inc., of Charlotte, NC, USA. A preferred release layer comprises a ceramer having a composition similar to has the protective layer of an inner sleeve member and as in step (3) above described is coatable.

In addition to the manufacturing processes described in steps (1), (2) and (3) an inner sleeve member is a method of manufacturing described in Example 5 an inner sleeve member can be used, which without the addition of an antistatic Use with an electrically grounded, photoconductive outer sleeve member gets along.

Example 5 Manufacture of an inner sleeve member for use with a photoconductive outer sleeve member .

A reinforcing tape, preferably in the form of a tubular metal tape, the e.g. Includes nickel or copper-coated nickel, is supported with compressed air applied a cylindrical aluminum mandrel or by cooling the mandrel before Sliding on the uncooled reinforcement tape and subsequent acclimatization of the Dorns to room temperature. The mandrel and the surrounding reinforcement tape are in the Arranged in the middle of a cylindrical aluminum mold, with a suitable gap remains between the outer core surface and the mold inner wall. The aluminum mandrel and the cylindrical shape preferably have the same height. A plastic jar With a capacity of 1l, the 50.79 g (50.79 meq) one trimethylol propane-based, polyfunctional polyol with the trade name PPG2000 from Dow Chemical Co. of Midland, MI, USA, and two drops of one Polydimethylsiloxane foam inhibitor with the trade name "SAG 47" from Witco Corporation of Greenwich, CT, USA contains 238.09 g (164.76 meq) of one polyether-based polyurethane prepolymer L42 from Uniroyal Chemical Company Middlebury, CT, USA, which is a toluene diisocyanate terminated Polyether prepolymer. The reaction mixture is at Room temperature and stirred under nitrogen for two minutes, under reduced pressure (0.1 mm Hg) degassed and in the existing between aluminum core and cylinder shape Cast gap. The polymer is cured at 80 ° C for 18 hours and with the mandrel removed from the mold. The mandrel and the polyurethane polymer surrounding the mandrel are then placed on one suitable outside diameter ground; then a protective layer preferably a Ceramer, as described in step (3), applied to the polyurethane. The machined inner sleeve member is removed from the mandrel, e.g. With Compressed air support or by cooling the mandrel in such a way that the sleeve element can be easily removed from the mandrel.

In the following example 6, a preferred method for is described with reference to FIG. 4 (a) Manufacture of a photoconductive outer sleeve member described.

Example 6 Production of a photoconductive outer sleeve element [Fig. 4 (a)]

A stiffening layer in the form of a thin metal band, e.g. a nickel band from For example, Stork Screens America, Inc., of Charlotte, NC, USA, is using Compressed air support clamped on a metal mandrel, e.g. on an aluminum mandrel, or by cooling the mandrel so that the uncooled band is pushed onto the mandrel leaves. A suitable thickness of the nickel band is 0.127 mm (0.005 inches). to The band spanned on the mandrel forms a barrier layer at 7.62 m / s (0.30 ips) for 30 minutes at 90 ° C in a 3 mass% methanol solution of amilan CM8000 dipped, a polyamide resin sold by Toray Chemical Inc. of Japan. The tape is used to form a charge-generating layer on the barrier layer also at 7.62 m / s (0.30 ips) with a 75:25 titanyl phthalocyanine / titanyl fluorophthalocyanine co-crystal dispersion coated as in US 5,614,342 described, and then dried at 90 ° C for 30 minutes. To one Forming the charge transport layer on the charge generating layer becomes the belt also at 7.62 m / s (0.30 ips) with a charge transport layer solution (14 mass% solid Substances coated in dichloromethane as solvent), which are the following solid Substances are: 2 parts by weight of tri-tolylamine, 2 parts by weight of 1,1-bis (4-di-p-tolylaminephenyl) methane, 1 part by weight of poly [4,4 '- (2-norbornylidene) bisphenol terephthalate-co-azelate (60/40 and 5 parts by weight of Makrolon polycarbonate from General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, USA as described in US 5,614,342. The fully coated tape with its outer charge transport layer is dried again at 100 ° C for 30 minutes. Upon cooling, a finished, photoconductive sleeve element in the form of a complete coated nickel strip releasable from the aluminum mandrel, e.g. by Compressed air support or by cooling the mandrel to remove the sleeve easily can. Alternatively, a thin, hard outer layer on the Charge transport layer are formed.

Example 7 Production of a photoconductive outer sleeve element [Fig. 4 (b)]

A resilient, photoconductive outer sleeve member that has a resilient layer below a photoconductive structure is as described below manufacturable, referring to the outer sleeve member 40B in Fig. 4 (b). A stiffening layer 41 'in the form of a thin metal band, e.g. by Stork Screens America, Inc., from Charlotte, NC, USA, for example, uses compressed air support clamped on a metal mandrel, e.g. on an aluminum mandrel, or by cooling the Dorns, so that the uncooled band can be pushed onto the mandrel. A suitable thickness the metal band is 0.127 mm (0.005 inches). The band is preferably made of nickel or copper-coated nickel, and a thin, compliant layer 45 of polyurethane is formed on the belt in a form, e.g. through the procedures after step (1) and (2) and Examples 1-4 inclusive. On the thin, compliant layer 45 a thin, conductive electrode layer 46 is formed. Layer 46 can do any suitable conductive material, including conductive polymers for example a metal, antistatic or dispersed conductive particles, conductive may include organic materials, etc. Preferably, the Electrode layer 46 chemically coated nickel. Be on the electrode layer 46 sequentially using, for example, Example 6 above described method a barrier layer 42 ', a charge generating layer 43' and a charge transport layer 44 'and an optional thin, hard outer layer applied. The finished, photoconductive, outer sleeve element can then be removed from the mandrel removed, e.g. with compressed air support or by cooling the mandrel in such a way that the sleeve element can be easily removed from the mandrel.

¶1. Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Übertragen von elektrostatografischen Tonerpartikeln, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Bereistellen einer elektrostatografischen Doppelhülsenwalze mit einem im Wesentlichen zylinderförmigen und starren Kernelement, einem auswechselbaren, entfernbaren, mehrschichtigen, inneren Hülsenelement mit mindestens einer nachgiebigen Schicht derart, dass das innere Hülsenelement das Kernelement umgibt und an diesem nicht haftend und eng anliegt, und einem auswechselbaren, entfernbaren, mehrschichtigen, äußeren Hülsenelement mit mindestens einer Synthetikschicht derart, dass das äußere Hülsenelement das innere Hülsenelement umgibt und an diesem nicht haftend und eng anliegt.Erzeugen eines auf einem Abschnitt der Außenfläche des äußeren Hülsenelements angeordneten, übertragbaren Tonerbildes;Erzeugen eines Druckübertragungsspalts zwischen dem äußeren Hülsenelement der Doppelhülsenwalze und einem Übertragungselement;Erzeugen eines elektrischen Feldes zum elektrostatischen Übertragen des übertragbaren Tonerbildes;Drehen der Doppelhülsenwalze, um das auf einem Abschnitt der Außenfläche des äußeren Hülsenelements angeordnete, übertragbare Tonerbild in den Übertragungsspalt zu bringen, so dass das übertragbare Tonerbild elektrostatisch von dem äußeren Hülsenelement auf das Übertragungselement übertragen wird.

¶2. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Doppelhülsenwalze ein primäres, bilderzeugendes Element ist.

¶3. Verfahren nach Paragraph 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement des primären, bilderzeugenden Elements fotoleitfähig ist.

¶4. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Doppelhülsenwalze ein Zwischenübertragungselement ist.

¶5. Verfahren nach Paragraph 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement des Zwischenübertragungselements fotoleitfähig ist.

¶6. Verfahren nach Paragraph 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement des Zwischenübertragungselements mindestens eine nachgiebige Schicht umfasst.

¶7. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Übertragungselement ein Aufnahmeblatt ist.

¶8. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Übertragungselement ein Zwischenübertragungselement ist.

¶9. Verfahren nach Paragraph 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das übertragbare Tonerbild auf der Außenfläche des äußeren Hülsenelements ein erstes, einfarbiges Tonerbild umfasst, das über einem zweiten, einfarbigen Tonerbild angeordnet ist.

¶10. Verfahren nach Paragraph 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Erzeugen des übertragbaren Tonerbildes das zweite, einfarbige Tonbild auf einem Abschnitt auf der Außenfläche des äußeren Hülsenelements ausgebildet wird.

¶11. Verfahren nach Paragraph 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das übertragbare Tonerbild durch elektrostatisches Übertragen von einem primären, bilderzeugenden Element des ersten, einfarbigen Tonerbilds über dem zweiten, einfarbigen Tonerbild erzeugt wird, so dass das erste und das zweite einfarbige Tonerbild auf dem äußeren Hülsenelement passgenau ausgerichtet angeordnet sind.

¶12. Verfahren nach Paragraph 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das primäre, bilderzeugende Element eine Walze ist, die ein fotoleitfähiges Hülsenelement umfasst, das ein im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges und im Wesentlichen starres Kernelement umgibt.

¶13. Verfahren nach Paragraph 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das fotoleitfähige Hülsenelement ein äußeres Hülsenelement einer Doppelhülsenwalze ist.

¶14. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innere Hülsenelement ein nahtloses Endlosband ist.

¶15. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement ein nahtloses Endlosband ist.

¶16. Elektrostatografisches Abbildungsverfahren, das folgende Schritte urnfasst: Ausbilden eines Tonerbildes auf einem sich bewegenden, primären, bilderzeugenden Element, das eine erste Doppelhülsenwalze umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen starren und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Kern aufweist, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;elektrostatisches Übertragen des Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element auf ein gegenläufiges Zwischenübertragungselement, das eine zweite Doppelhülsenwalze umfasst, in einer ersten Übertragungsspaltbreite, die durch Druckkontakt zwischen dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element und dem Zwischenübertragungselement ausgebildet ist, wobei die Beaufschlagung mit dem elektrischen Feld eine Übertragung des Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element auf das Zwischenübertragungselement bewirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zwischenübertragungselement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein nachgiebiges, einen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisendes, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;Erzeugen einer zweiten Übertragungsspaltbreite in einem Übertragungsspalt, der zwischen einem sich bewegenden Endlostransportband und dem Zwischenübertragungselement gebildet ist;Bereitstellen einer Übertragungsstützwalze hinter dem Endlostransportband und Aufbauen eines elektrischen Feldes zwischen dem Zwischenübertragungselement und der Übertragungsstützwalze;Vortransportieren eines auf dem Endlosband gehalterten Aufnahmeelements in den Spalt und dadurch Aufbauen eines elektrischen Übertragungsfeldes zum elektrostatischen Übertragen des Tonerbildes von dem Zwischenübertragungselement auf das Aufnahmeelement.

¶17. Elektrostatografisches Abbildungsverfahren, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Ausbilden eines ersten, einfarbigen Tonerbildes auf einem sich bewegenden, primären, bilderzeugenden Element, das eine erste Doppelhülsenwalze umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen starren und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Kern aufweist, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;Ausbilden eines zweiten, einfarbigen Tonerbildes auf einem gegenläufigen, fotoleitfähigen Zwischenübertragungselement, das eine zweite Doppelhülsenwalze umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das fotoleitfähige Zwischenübertragungselement einen im Wesentlichen starren und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Kern aufweist, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;in einer ersten Übertragungsspaltbreite, die durch einen Druckkontakt zwischen dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element und dem fotoleitfähigen Zwischenübertragungselement gebildet wird, elektrostatisches Übertragen des ersten, einfarbigen Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element in passgenauer Ausrichtung mit und auf das zweite, einfarbige Tonerbild auf dem Zwischenübertragungselement, wobei die Beaufschlagung mit dem elektrischen Feld eine Übertragung des Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element zur Ausbildung eines zusammengesetzten Tonerbildes auf dem Zwischenübertragungselement bewirkt;Erzeugen einer zweiten Übertragungsspaltbreite in einem Übertragungsspalt, der zwischen einem sich bewegenden Endlostransportband und dem Zwischenübertragungselement gebildet ist;Bereitstellen einer Stützwalze hinter dem Endlostransportband und Aufbauen eines elektrischen Feldes zwischen dem Zwischenübertragungselement und der Übertragungsstützwalze;Vortransportieren eines auf dem Endlosband gehalterten Aufnahmeelements in den Spalt und dadurch Aufbauen eines elektrischen Übertragungsfeldes zum elektrostatischen Mitübertragen des ersten und zweiten Tonerbildes von dem Zwischenübertragungselement auf das Aufnahmeelement.

¶18. Elektrostatografisches Abbildungsverfahren, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Ausbilden eines Tonerbildes auf einem sich bewegenden, primären, bilderzeugenden Element, das eine Doppelhülsenwalze umfasst, die einen im Wesentlichen starren und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Kern aufweist, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;Erzeugen einer Übertragungsspaltbreite in einem Übertragungsspalt, der zwischen einem sich bewegenden Endlostransportband und dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element gebildet ist;Bereitstellen einer Übertragungsstützwalze hinter dem Endlostransportband und Aufbauen eines elektrischen Feldes zwischen dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element und der Übertragungsstützwalze;Vortransportieren eines auf dem Endlosband gehalterten Aufnahmeelements in den Spalt und dadurch Aufbauen eines elektrischen Übertragungsfeldes zum elektrostatischen Übertragen des Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element auf das Aufnahmeelement, wobei die Beaufschlagung mit dem elektrischen Feld eine Übertragung des Tonerbildes von dem primären, bilderzeugenden Element auf das Aufnahmeelement bewirkt.

¶19. Reproduktionsverfahren, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Bereitstellen erster und zweiter, Tonerbild tragender Doppelhülsenelemente, wobei jedes Tonerbild tragende Doppelhülsenelement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;Bewegen des ersten und zweiten Tonerbild tragenden Elements, wobei auf jedem Tonerbild tragenden Element ein entsprechendes Tonerbild ausgebildet ist, durch einen entsprechenden Übertragungsspalt mit einer Bahn, die eine Tonerbild tragende Aufnahmefläche aufweist oder haltert;Bewegen der Bahn durch jeden Spalt mit jedem Tonerbild tragenden Element, wobei die Bahn auf einer ersten Fläche die TonerbildAufnahmefläche aufweist oder haltert, während die Aufnahmefläche durch den Übertragungsspalt mit dem ersten Tonerbild tragenden Element zu dem Übertragungsspalt mit dem zweiten Tonerbild tragenden Element bewegt wird;elektrostatisches Übertragen eines Tonerbildes an jedem Übertragungsspalt auf die Aufnahmefläche, so dass ein Tonerbild durch das zweite Tonerbild tragende Element auf der Aufnahmefläche abgelegt wird, um ein zusammengesetztes Bild mit dem Tonerbild zu bilden, das von dem ersten Tonerbild tragenden Element auf die Aufnahmefläche übertragen worden ist.

¶20. Verfahren nach Paragraph 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement fotoleitfähig ist.

¶21. Verfahren nach Paragraph 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement eine nachgiebige Schicht umfasst.

¶22. Reproduktionsverfahren, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Bereitstellen eines rotierenden, ersten und zweiten, primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements, wobei jedes primäre, bilderzeugende Doppelhülsenelement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, wobei auf jedem äußeren Hülsenelement ein entsprechendes einfarbiges Tonerbild ausgebildet ist; Bereitstellen eines gegenläufigen, ersten und zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements, wobei das erste Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement einen ersten Druckspalt mit dem ersten primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement bildet und wobei das zweite Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement einen ersten Druckspalt mit dem zweiten primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement bildet, wobei jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfembares, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt;elektrostatisches Übertragen der entsprechenden einfarbigen Tonerbilder vom jeweiligen primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement auf das jeweilige Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement in den jeweiligen ersten Übertragungsspalten;Bewegen jedes ersten und zweiten Tonerbild tragenden Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements durch einen entsprechenden zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit einer Bahn, die eine Tonerbild tragende Oberfläche aufweist oder haltert;Bewegen der Bahn durch jeden zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit jedem Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement, wobei die Bahn die TonerbildAufnahmefläche aufweist oder haltert, während die Aufnahmefläche durch den Übertragungsspalt mit dem ersten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement zu dem Übertragungsspalt mit dem zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement bewegt wird;elektrostatisches Übertragen eines einfarbigen Tonerbildes an jedem zweiten Übertragungsspalt auf die Aufnahmefläche, so dass ein von dem zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement übertragenes, einfarbiges Tonerbild auf der Aufnahmefläche abgelegt wird, um ein zusammengesetztes Bild mit dem einfarbigen Tonerbild zu bilden, das von dem ersten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement auf die Aufnahmefläche übertragen worden ist.

¶23. Verfahren nach Paragraph 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement jedes primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements fotoleitfähig ist.

¶24. Reproduktionsverfahren, das folgende Schritte umfasst: Bereitstellen eines rotierenden, ersten und zweiten, primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements, wobei jedes primäre, bilderzeugende Doppelhülsenelement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, wobei auf jedem äußeren Hülsenelement ein entsprechendes einfarbiges Tonerbild ausgebildet ist;Bereitstellen eines gegenläufigen, ersten und zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements, wobei das erste Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement ein im Wesentlichen starres und im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, nachgiebiges, inneres Hülsenelement, das an dem Kernelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement, das an dem inneren Hülsenelement eng und nicht haftend anliegt und dieses umgibt, wobei das erste Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement mit dem ersten primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement einen ersten Druckspalt bildet, und wobei das zweite Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement mit dem zweiten primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement einen ersten Druckspalt bildet; Ausbilden eines zweiten, einfarbigen Tonerbildes auf den fotoleitfähigen äußeren Hülsenelementen der ersten und zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelemente durch Laden, bildweises Belichten und Tonern von Stellen auf den Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelementen vor den ersten Druckspalten;in den entsprechenden ersten Druckspalten elektrostatisches Übertragen der ersten, einfarbigen Tonerbilder von jedem primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelement auf Stellen, die über jedem zweiten, einfarbigen Tonerbild auf dem jeweiligen äußeren Hülsenelement jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements liegen, und dadurch Ausbilden eines zusammengesetzten Tonerbildes auf der Oberfläche jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements;Bewegen jedes der ersten und zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelemente, die die zusammengesetzten Tonerbilder tragen, durch einen entsprechenden zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit einer Bahn, die eine Tonerbild tragende Oberfläche aufweist oder haltert;Bewegen der Bahn durch jeden zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit jedem Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement, wobei die Bahn die TonerbildAufnahmefläche aufweist oder haltert, während die Aufnahmefläche durch den zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit dem ersten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement zu dem zweiten Übertragungsspalt mit dem zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement bewegt wird;elektrostatisches Übertragen eines zweifarbigen, zusammengesetzten Tonerbildes an jedem zweiten Übertragungsspalt auf die Aufnahmefläche, so dass ein von dem zweiten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement übertragenes, zweifarbiges Tonerbild auf der Aufnahmefläche abgelegt wird, um mit dem zweifarbigen Tonerbild, das von dem ersten Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelement auf die Aufnahmefläche übertragen worden ist, ein vierfarbiges, zusammengesetztes Tonerbild zu bilden.

¶25. Verfahren nach Paragraph 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement jedes primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements fotoleitfähig ist.

¶26. Verfahren nach Paragraph 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements nachgiebig ist.

¶27. Verfahren nach Paragraph 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zusammengesetzte Vierfarbenbild einfarbige Cyan-, Magenta-, Gelb- und Schwarz-Tonerbilder umfasst.

¶28. Verfahren nach Paragraph 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das auswechselbare, entfernbare, nachgiebige, innere Hülsenelement jedes primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements und jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements folgendes umfasst:

ein Verstärkungsband mit einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von kleiner als 300 GPa und einer Dicke im Bereich von 1 - 500 µm;

eine auf dem Verstärkungsband angeordnete, nachgiebige Innenhülsenschicht mit einer Dicke von 0,5 - 20 mm, einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von kleiner als 10 MPa und einer Querdehnzahl von ca. 0,2 - 0,5;

eine auf der nachgiebigen Innenhülsenschicht angeordnete Schutzschicht mit einer Dicke von 1 - 50 µm und einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 0,1 GPa.

¶29. Verfahren nach Paragraph 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das auswechselbare, entfernbare, äußere Hülsenelement jedes primären, bilderzeugenden Doppelhülsenelements folgendes umfasst:

eine Versteifungsschicht mit einem spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von kleiner als ca. 10¹⁰ Ohm-cm, einer Dicke von weniger als 500 µm sowie einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 0,1 GPa;

eine fotoleitfähige Schichtstruktur mit einer oder mehreren, auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordneten Schichten.

¶30. Verfahren nach Paragraph 29, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die fotoleitfähige Schichtstruktur folgendes umfasst:

eine auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordnete Sperrschicht;

eine auf der Sperrschicht angeordnete ladungserzeugende Schicht;

eine auf der ladungserzeugenden Schicht angeordnete Ladungstransportschicht.

¶31. Verfahren nach Paragraph 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das nachgiebige, auswechselbare, entfernbare, äußere Hülsenelement jedes Zwischenübertragungs-Doppelhülsenelements folgendes umfasst:

eine Versteifungsschicht mit einem spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von kleiner als ca. 10¹⁰ Ohm-cm, einer Dicke von weniger als 500 µm sowie einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 10 - 300 GPa;

eine auf dem Verstärkungsband angeordnete, nachgiebige Außenhülsenschicht mit einer Dicke von 0,5 -2 mm, einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von kleiner als 10 MPa, einem spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von 10⁷ - 10¹¹ Ohm-cm und einer Querdehnzahl von ca. 0,2 - 0,5;

eine auf der nachgiebigen Außenhülsenschicht angeordnete Trennschicht mit einer Dicke von 1 - 50 µm, einem Youngschen Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 100 MPa und einem spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von 10⁷ - 10¹³ Ohm-cm;

¶32. Doppelhülsenwalze zur Verwendung in einer elektrostatografischen Maschine, wobei die Doppelhülsenwalze ein im Wesentlichen zylinderförmiges und im Wesentlichen starres Kernelement umfasst, ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, mehrschichtiges, inneres Hülsenelement in Form eines nahtlosen Endlosbandes mit mindestens einer nachgiebigen Schicht derart, dass das innere Hülsenelement das Kernelement umgibt und an diesem eng und nicht haftend anliegt, und ein auswechselbares, entfernbares, mehrschichtiges, äußeres Hülsenelement in Form eines schlauchförmigen Endlosbandes mit mindestens einer Synthetikschicht derart, dass das äußere Hülsenelement das innere Hülsenelement umgibt und an diesem eng und nicht haftend anliegt;
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das innere Hülsenelement mit Hilfe eines Hülseninstallationsverfahrens auf das Kernelement aufbringbar ist, und dass das äußere Hülsenelement mit Hilfe eines Hülseninstallationsverfahrens auf das innere Hülsenelement aufbringbar ist, dass das äußere Hülsenelement von dem inneren Hülsenelement durch ein Hülsendeinstallationsverfahren entfernbar ist, und dass das innere Hülsenelement von dem Kernelement durch ein Hülsendeinstallationsverfahren entfernbar ist, wobei alle Hülsenelemente die Form einer Endlosbahn nicht nur während des Betriebs der Doppelhülsenwalze beibehalten, sondern auch während der Installation eines Hülsenelements oder während der Deinstallation eines Hülsenelements.

¶33. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32 mit einem Zwischenübertragungselement.

¶34. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32 mit einem primären, bilderzeugenden Element.

¶35. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 34, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement fotoleitfähig ist.

¶36. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kernelement an einem Rahmenabschnitt der elektrostatografischen Maschine während der Installation oder Deinstallation eines äußeren Hülsenelements oder eines inneren Hülsenelements befestigt bleibt.

¶37. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 33, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zwischenübertragungselement ein primäres, bilderzeugendes Element umfasst.

¶38. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 33, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement des Zwischenübertragungselements fotoleitfähig ist.

¶39. Inneres Hülsenelement mit:

einem Verstärkungsband in Form eines nahtlosen Endlosbandes;

einer auf dem Verstärkungsband angeordneten nachgiebigen Innenhülsenschicht;

einer Schutzschicht, die eng an der nachgiebigen Innenhülsenschicht anliegt und diese umgibt.

¶40A. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Dicke von 0,5 - 20 mm besitzt.

¶40B. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 40A, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Dicke von 2 - 10 mm besitzt.

¶41. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht ein Elastizitätsmodul von weniger als ca. 10 MPa besitzt.

¶42. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 1 - 5 MPa besitzt.

¶43A. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Querdehnzahl im Bereich von 0,2 -0,5 besitzt.

¶43B. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Querdehnzahlim Bereich von 0,45 -0,5 besitzt.

¶44. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht eine Dicke von 1 - 50 µm besitzt.

¶45. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht eine Dicke von 4 -15 µm besitzt.

¶46. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 100 MPa besitzt.

¶47. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 0,5 -20 GPa besitzt.

¶48. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsband ein Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 300 GPa besitzt.

¶49. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsband eine Dicke von 1 - 500 µm besitzt.

¶50. Inneres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 39, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungsband eine Dicke von 5 - 150 µm besitzt.

¶51. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement mit:

einer Versteifungsschicht in Form eines nahtlosen Endlosbandes;

einer fotoleitfähigen Schichtstruktur mit einer oder mehreren, auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordneten Schichten.

¶52. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht leitend ist und mit einer elektrischen Spannungs- oder Stromquelle verbunden ist.

¶53. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht leitend und mit Masse verbunden ist.

¶54. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht aus Nickel ist.

¶55. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die fotoleitfähige Schichtstruktur folgendes umfasst:

eine auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordnete Sperrschicht;

eine auf der Sperrschicht angeordnete ladungserzeugende Schicht;

eine auf der ladungserzeugenden Schicht angeordnete Ladungstransportschicht.

¶56. Fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 55, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladungstransportschicht mit einer harten Schicht beschichtet ist.

¶57. Nachgiebiges, äußeres Hülsenelement mit:

einer Versteifungsschicht in Form eines nahtlosen Endlosbandes;

einer auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordneten, nachgiebigen Außenhülsenschicht;

einer auf der dünnen, nachgiebigen Schicht angeordneten Trennschicht.

¶58. Nachgiebiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht leitend ist und mit einer elektrischen Spannungs- oder Stromquelle verbunden ist.

¶59. Nachgiebiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht leitend und mit Masse verbunden ist.

¶60. Nachgiebiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht aus Nickel ist.

¶61. Nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement mit:

einer Versteifungsschicht in Form eines nahtlosen Endlosbandes;

einer auf der Versteifungsschicht angeordneten nachgiebigen Schicht;

einer auf der dünnen, nachgiebigen Schicht angeordneten dünnen, leitenden Schicht.

einer auf der dünnen, leitenden Schicht angeordneten Sperrschicht;

einer auf der Sperrschicht angeordneten ladungserzeugenden Schicht;

einer auf der ladungserzeugenden Schicht angeordneten Ladungstransportschicht.

¶62. Nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladungstransportschicht wahlweise mit einer harten Schicht beschichtet ist.

¶63. Nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dünne, leitfähige Schicht mit einer elektrischen Spannungs- oder Stromquelle verbunden ist.

¶64. Nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dünne, leitfähige Schicht aus Nickel ist.

¶65. Nachgiebiges, fotoleitfähiges, äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht aus Nickel ist.

¶66. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51 und 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht einen spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von weniger als ca. 10¹⁰ Ohm-cm besitzt.

¶67. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht eine Dicke von weniger als ca. 500 µm besitzt.

¶68. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht eine Dicke von 10 - 200 µm besitzt.

¶69. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51, 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul von größer als ca. 0,1 GPa besitzt.

¶70A. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 51 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 50 - 300 GPa besitzt.

¶70B. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Versteifungsschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 100 - 300 GPa besitzt.

¶71. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Dicke von 0,5 - 2 mm besitzt.

¶72. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht einen spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von 10⁷ - 10¹¹ Ohm-cm besitzt.

¶73. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht einen spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von ca. 10⁹ Ohm-cm besitzt.

¶74. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht ein Elastizitätsmodul von weniger als ca. 10 MPa besitzt.

¶75. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 1 - 5 MPa besitzt.

¶76A. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Querdehnzahlim Bereich von 0,2 - 0,5 besitzt.

¶76B. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 76A, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nachgiebige Schicht eine Querdehnzahlim Bereich von 0,45 - 0,5 besitzt.

¶77. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht eine Dicke von 1 - 50 µm besitzt.

¶78. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht eine Dicke von 4 -15 µm besitzt.

¶79A. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul von größer als 100 MPa besitzt.

¶79B. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul im Bereich von 0,5 - 20 GPa besitzt.

¶80. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht einen spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von 10⁷ -10¹³ Ohm-cm besitzt.

¶81. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 57, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht einen spezifischen Durchgangswiderstand von ca. 10¹⁰ Ohm-cm besitzt.

¶82. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 55 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennschicht ein Nylonmaterial mit einer Dicke von 0,5 - 1,0 µm besitzt.

¶83. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 55 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ladungserzeugende Schicht eine Dicke von 0,25 - 1,0 µm besitzt.

¶84. Äußeres Hülsenelement nach Paragraph 55 und 61, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladungstransportschicht eine Dicke von 12 - 35 µm besitzt.

¶85. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kernelement eine Unrundheit von weniger als 80 µm aufweist.

¶86. Verfahren nach Paragraph 1, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 und 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kernelement eine Unrundheit von weniger als 20 µm aufweist.

¶87. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kernelement eine Unrundheit von weniger als 80 µm aufweist.

¶88. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kernelement eine Unrundheit von weniger als 20 µm aufweist.

¶89. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hülsendeinstallationsverfahren folgendes umfasst:

Bereitstellen einer Quelle komprimierten Fluids an der Unterseite eines Hülsenelements;

Einschalten der Quelle komprimierten Fluids zur elastischen Dehnung des Hülsenelements, so dass das Hülsenelement entlang der Oberfläche eines anderen Elements, dass es umgibt, verschiebbar ist;

Verschieben des Hülsenelements und Entfernen von dem anderen Element, während die Quelle des komprimierten Fluids eingeschaltet bleibt;

Abschalten der Quelle des komprimierten Fluids;

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das andere Element ein Kernelement oder ein inneres Hülsenelement ist, das auf einem Kernelement angeordnet ist.

¶90. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hülseninstallationsverfahren folgendes umfasst:

Bereitstellen einer Quelle komprimierten Fluids an der Unterseite eines Hülsenelements;

Einschalten der Quelle komprimierten Fluids zur elastischen Dehnung des Hülsenelements, so dass das Hülsenelement entlang der Oberfläche eines anderen Elements verschiebbar ist, um das andere Element zu umgreifen;

Verschieben des Hülsenelements, bis dieses in Umgreifung des anderen Elements eine vorbestimmte Position erreicht, während die Quelle des komprimierten Fluids eingeschaltet bleibt;

Abschalten der Quelle des komprimierten Fluids, wodurch sich das Hülsenelement entspannen und das andere Element unter Spannung umgreifen kann;

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das andere Element ein Kernelement oder ein inneres Hülsenelement ist, das auf einem Kernelement angeordnet ist.

¶91. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 89 und 90, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem komprimierten Fluid um Druckluft handelt.

¶92. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement von einem ersten Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze auswechselbar oder entfernbar ist, und dass das innere Hülsenelement von einem zweiten Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze auswechselbar oder entfernbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze an einem Rahmenabschnitt der Maschine befestigt bleibt, wenn das äußere Hülsenelement ausgewechselt oder entfernt wird, und dass das erste Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze an einem anderen Rahmenabschnitt der Maschine befestigt bleibt, wenn das innere Hülsenelement ausgewechselt oder entfernt wird.

¶93. Doppelhülsenwalze nach Paragraph 32, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Hülsenelement und das innere Hülsenelement von demselben Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze auswechselbar oder entfernbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gegenüber liegende Ende der Doppelhülsenwalze an demselben Rahmenabschnitt der Maschine befestigt bleibt, wenn das äußere Hülsenelement ausgewechselt oder entfernt wird und wenn das innere Hülsenelement ausgewechselt oder entfernt wird.

Following the foregoing and in the numbered paragraphs below, the following is described:

¶1. A method for electrostatically transferring electrostatographic toner particles, comprising the following steps: providing an electrostatographic double-sleeve roller with an essentially cylindrical and rigid core element, an exchangeable, removable, multilayered inner sleeve element with at least one flexible layer such that the inner sleeve element surrounds the core element and non-adherent and tight-fitting, and a replaceable, removable, multi-layered outer sleeve member with at least one synthetic layer such that the outer sleeve member surrounds the inner sleeve member and is non-adherent and tight. Create one on a portion of the outer surface of the outer Transferable toner image arranged sleeve element; generating a pressure transmission gap between the outer sleeve element of the double-sleeve roller and a transmission element; generating an electric field the one for electrostatically transferring the transferable toner image; rotating the double sleeve roller to bring the transferable toner image disposed on a portion of the outer surface of the outer sleeve member into the transfer nip so that the transferable toner image is electrostatically transferred from the outer sleeve member to the transfer member.

¶2. Method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the double-sleeve roller is a primary, imaging element.

¶3. The method of paragraph 2, characterized in that the outer sleeve member of the primary imaging member is photoconductive.

¶4. Method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the double-sleeve roller is an intermediate transfer element.

¶5. Method according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the outer sleeve element of the intermediate transfer element is photoconductive.

¶6. A method according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the outer sleeve member of the intermediate transfer member comprises at least one compliant layer.

¶7. A method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the transmission element is a recording sheet.

¶8th. Method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the transmission element is an intermediate transmission element.

¶9. A method according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the transferable toner image on the outer surface of the outer sleeve member comprises a first, single-color toner image which is arranged over a second, single-color toner image.

¶10. A method according to paragraph 9, characterized in that, before generating the transferable toner image, the second, monochrome sound image is formed on a section on the outer surface of the outer sleeve element.

¶11. The method of paragraph 9, characterized in that the transferable toner image is formed by electrostatically transferring a primary imaging element of the first, single color toner image over the second, single color toner image so that the first and second single color toner images are aligned on the outer sleeve member are arranged.

¶12. The method of paragraph 11, characterized in that the primary imaging element is a roller that includes a photoconductive sleeve member that surrounds a substantially cylindrical and substantially rigid core member.

¶13. Method according to paragraph 12, characterized in that the photoconductive sleeve element is an outer sleeve element of a double sleeve roller.

¶14. Method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the inner sleeve element is a seamless endless belt.

¶15. Method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the outer sleeve element is a seamless endless belt.

¶16. An electrostatographic imaging process comprising the steps of: forming a toner image on a moving, primary, imaging member comprising a first double-sleeve roller having a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core, a replaceable, removable, compliant inner sleeve member which is tight and non-adherent to and surrounds the core member, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; electrostatically transferring the toner image from the primary imaging member to an opposing one Intermediate transfer element, which comprises a second double-sleeve roller, in a first transfer nip width, which is formed by pressure contact between the primary, imaging element and the intermediate transfer element, wherein the exposure to the electri field causes a transfer of the toner image from the primary, imaging element to the intermediate transfer element, characterized in that the intermediate transfer element comprises a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core element, a resilient, inner sleeve element which is tight and non-adherent to the core element and surrounding it and a resilient electrical resistivity outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; creating a second transfer nip width in a transfer nip formed between a moving endless conveyor belt and the intermediate transfer member; Providing a transfer support roller behind the endless conveyor belt and establishing an electric field between the intermediate transfer element and the transfer support roller; pre-transporting one on the endless belt g e received receiving element in the gap and thereby building up an electrical transfer field for electrostatic transfer of the toner image from the intermediate transfer element to the receiving element.

¶17. An electrostatographic imaging method, comprising the steps of: forming a first, single color toner image on a moving, primary, imaging member comprising a first double-sleeve roller having a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core, a replaceable, removable, compliant, inner Sleeve member that closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the core member, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive outer sleeve member that closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; forming a second, single color toner image on an opposing, Photoconductive intermediate transfer element, which comprises a second double-sleeve roller, characterized in that the photoconductive intermediate transfer element has a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core, an exchangeable, removable, compliant , inner sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the core member, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; in a first transmission gap width defined by one Pressure contact is formed between the primary imaging member and the photoconductive intermediate transfer member, electrostatically transferring the first, single color toner image from the primary, imaging member in registration with and onto the second, single color toner image on the intermediate transfer member, wherein the electric field exposure is one Transferring the toner image from the primary imaging member to form a composite toner image on the intermediate transfer member; producing a second transfer nip width in a transfer nip moving between them Endless conveyor belt and the intermediate transfer element is formed; providing a support roller behind the endless conveyor belt and establishing an electric field between the intermediate transfer element and the transfer support roller; pre-transporting a receiving element held on the endless belt into the gap and thereby establishing an electrical transfer field for the electrostatic co-transfer of the first and second toner image from the intermediate transfer element to the receiving element.

¶18. An electrostatographic imaging process, comprising the steps of: forming a toner image on a moving, primary, imaging member comprising a double sleeve roller having a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core, a replaceable, removable, compliant, inner sleeve member fits tightly and non-adherently to and surrounds the core member, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive, outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; creating a transfer nip width in a transfer nip that is between a moving endless conveyor belt and the primary imaging member; providing a transfer backup roller behind the endless conveyor belt and establishing an electric field between the primary imaging member and the transfer backup roller; receiving element held on the endless belt into the gap and thereby establishing an electrical transmission field for electrostatically transferring the toner image from the primary, imaging element to the receiving element, the exposure to the electric field causing the toner image to be transferred from the primary, imaging element to the receiving element ,

¶19. A reproduction method comprising the steps of: providing first and second double-sleeve elements bearing toner image, each double-sleeve element bearing toner image comprising a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core member, a replaceable, removable, resilient inner sleeve member which is tight and non-adherent to the core member and surrounds, and a replaceable, removable, outer sleeve member that closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member; moving the first and second toner image bearing members with a corresponding toner image formed on each toner image bearing member a corresponding transfer nip with a web having or holding a toner image bearing surface; moving the web through each nip with each toner image bearing member, the web on a first surface having the toner image surface or h ages as the receiving surface is moved through the transfer nip with the first toner image bearing member to the transfer nip with the second toner image bearing member; electrostatically transferring a toner image at each transfer nip to the receiving surface so that a toner image through the second toner image bearing member is on the receiving surface is deposited to form a composite image with the toner image that has been transferred from the first toner image bearing member to the receiving surface.

¶20. Method according to paragraph 19, characterized in that the outer sleeve element is photoconductive.

¶21. The method of paragraph 20, characterized in that the outer sleeve member comprises a compliant layer.

¶22. A reproduction method comprising the steps of: providing a rotating, first and second, primary, double-sleeve imaging member, each primary, double-sleeve imaging member comprising a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core member, a replaceable, removable, resilient, inner sleeve member attached to the Core member fits snugly and non-adherently and surrounds it, and a replaceable, removable outer sleeve member which snugly and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member, a corresponding single color toner image being formed on each outer sleeve member; Providing opposing, first and second intermediate transfer double-sleeve members, the first intermediate transfer double-sleeve member forming a first pressure nip with the first primary double-sleeve imaging member, and the second intermediate transfer double-sleeve member forming a first pressure nip with the second primary double-sleeve imaging member, each intermediate transfer -Double sleeve element comprises a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core element, an exchangeable, removable, resilient, inner sleeve element which fits tightly and non-adheringly to and surrounds the core element, and a replaceable, removable, outer sleeve element which is attached to the inner sleeve element is tight and non-adherent and surrounds it; electrostatic transfer of the corresponding monochrome toner images from the respective primary, image-forming double-sleeve element to the respective one Intermediate transfer double-sleeve member in the respective first transfer nips; moving each first and second intermediate transfer double-sleeve member carrying toner image through a corresponding second transfer nip with a web having or holding a toner image-bearing surface; moving the web through every second transfer nip with each intermediate transfer double-sleeve member, the web having or holding the toner image receiving surface as the receiving surface is moved through the transfer nip with the first intermediate transfer double sleeve member to the transfer nip with the second intermediate transfer double sleeve member; electrostatically transferring a single color toner image on every second transfer nip to the receiving surface so that one of single-color toner image transferred to the second intermediate transfer double-sleeve member is deposited on the receiving surface by a composite one Form an image with the monochrome toner image that has been transferred from the first intermediate transfer double-sleeve member to the receiving surface.

¶23. The method of paragraph 22, characterized in that the outer sleeve member of each primary double sleeve imaging member is photoconductive.

¶24. A reproduction method comprising the steps of: providing a rotating, first and second, primary, double-sleeve imaging member, each primary, double-sleeve imaging member comprising a substantially rigid and substantially cylindrical core member, a replaceable, removable, resilient, inner sleeve member attached to the Core member fits tightly and non-adherently and surrounds it, and a replaceable, removable outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member, a corresponding monochrome toner image being formed on each outer sleeve member; providing a counter-rotating first one and the second intermediate transfer double sleeve member, wherein the first intermediate transfer double sleeve member includes a substantially rigid and a substantially cylindrical core member, an interchangeable, removable, resilient inner sleeve a liner member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the core member, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive outer sleeve member which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the inner sleeve member, the first intermediate transfer double-sleeve member having the first primary , imaging double sleeve member forms a first printing nip, and wherein the second intermediate transfer double sleeve member forms a first printing nip with the second primary imaging double sleeve member; Forming a second, single color toner image on the photoconductive outer sleeve members of the first and second intermediate transfer double sleeve members by loading, imagewise exposing and toning locations on the intermediate transfer double sleeve members in front of the first printing columns; in the corresponding first printing columns, electrostatically transferring the first, single color toner images from each primary double-sleeve imaging member at locations overlying every second monochrome toner image on the respective outer sleeve member of each intermediate double-sleeve member, thereby forming a composite toner image on the surface of each intermediate double-sleeve member; moving each of the first and second intermediate double-sleeve members; which carry the composite toner images, through a corresponding second transfer nip with a web, the surface carrying a toner image moving the web through every second transfer nip with each intermediate transfer double-sleeve member, the web having or holding the toner image receiving surface while the receiving surface moves through the second transfer nip with the first intermediate transfer double-sleeve member to the second transfer nip with the second intermediate transfer double-sleeve member electrostatically transferring a two-tone composite toner image to the receiving surface at every second transfer nip so that a two-tone toner image transferred from the second intermediate transfer double-sleeve member is deposited on the receiving surface to match the two-tone toner image transferred from the first intermediate transfer double-sleeve member the receiving surface has been transferred to form a four-color composite toner image.

¶25. The method of paragraph 24, characterized in that the outer sleeve member of each primary double sleeve imaging member is photoconductive.

¶26. The method of paragraph 24, characterized in that the outer sleeve member of each intermediate transfer double sleeve member is compliant.

¶27. The method of paragraph 24, characterized in that the composite four-color image comprises monochrome cyan, magenta, yellow and black toner images.

¶28. The method of paragraph 22, characterized in that the interchangeable, removable, resilient inner sleeve member of each primary double sleeve imaging member and each intermediate sleeve double transfer member comprises:

a reinforcement tape with a Young's modulus of less than 300 GPa and a thickness in the range of 1-500 µm;

a resilient inner sleeve layer with a thickness of 0.5-20 mm, a Young's modulus of elasticity of less than 10 MPa and a transverse elongation factor of about 0.2-0.5 arranged on the reinforcement band;

a protective layer arranged on the flexible inner sleeve layer with a thickness of 1-50 µm and a Young's modulus of elasticity of greater than 0.1 GPa.

¶29. The method of paragraph 22, characterized in that the replaceable, removable, outer sleeve member of each primary, image-forming double sleeve member comprises:

a stiffening layer with a volume resistance of less than approx. 10 ¹⁰ Ohm-cm, a thickness of less than 500 µm and a Young's modulus of elasticity of more than 0.1 GPa;

a photoconductive layer structure with one or more layers arranged on the stiffening layer.

¶30. Method according to paragraph 29, characterized in that the photoconductive layer structure comprises the following:

a barrier layer disposed on the stiffening layer;

a charge generating layer disposed on the barrier layer;

a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generating layer.

¶31. The method of paragraph 22, characterized in that the resilient, replaceable, removable, outer sleeve member of each intermediate transfer double sleeve member comprises:

a stiffening layer with a volume resistance of less than approx. 10 ¹⁰ Ohm-cm, a thickness of less than 500 µm and a Young's modulus of elasticity in the range of 10 - 300 GPa;

a resilient outer sleeve layer with a thickness of 0.5-2 mm, a Young's modulus of elasticity of less than 10 MPa, a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ - 10 ¹¹ Ohm-cm and a transverse tensile strength of approx. 0.2 - arranged on the reinforcement tape 0.5;

a separating layer arranged on the flexible outer sleeve layer with a thickness of 1-50 µm, a Young's modulus of elasticity of greater than 100 MPa and a volume resistivity of 10 ^{7-10 13} Ohm-cm;

¶32. Double-sleeve roller for use in an electrostatographic machine, the double-sleeve roller comprising a substantially cylindrical and essentially rigid core element, an exchangeable, removable, multilayer, inner sleeve element in the form of a seamless endless belt with at least one flexible layer such that the inner sleeve element surrounds the core element and fits snugly and non-adherently thereon, and an exchangeable, removable, multilayer, outer sleeve element in the form of a tubular endless belt with at least one synthetic layer such that the outer sleeve element surrounds the inner sleeve element and fits snugly and non-adherently thereon;
characterized in that the inner sleeve member is attachable to the core member using a sleeve installation process, and that the outer sleeve member is attachable to the inner sleeve member using a sleeve installation process, the outer sleeve member is removable from the inner sleeve member by a sleeve end installation process, and that inner sleeve member is removable from the core member by a sleeve end installation process, all sleeve members maintaining the shape of an endless path not only during operation of the double sleeve roller, but also during installation of a sleeve member or during deinstallation of a sleeve member.

¶33. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32 with an intermediate transfer element.

¶34. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32 with a primary, imaging element.

¶35. Double sleeve roller according to paragraph 34, characterized in that the outer sleeve element is photoconductive.

¶36. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the core element remains attached to a frame section of the electrostatographic machine during the installation or removal of an outer sleeve element or an inner sleeve element.

¶37. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 33, characterized in that the intermediate transfer element comprises a primary, imaging element.

¶38. Double sleeve roller according to paragraph 33, characterized in that the outer sleeve element of the intermediate transfer element is photoconductive.

¶39. Inner sleeve element with:

a reinforcement tape in the form of a seamless endless tape;

a compliant inner sleeve layer disposed on the reinforcement tape;

a protective layer that fits snugly around and surrounds the resilient inner sleeve layer.

¶40A. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the resilient layer has a thickness of 0.5-20 mm.

¶40B. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 40A, characterized in that the resilient layer has a thickness of 2 - 10 mm.

¶41. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the resilient layer has a modulus of elasticity of less than about 10 MPa.

¶42. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the resilient layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 1-5 MPa.

¶43A. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the resilient layer has a transverse expansion factor in the range of 0.2 -0.5.

¶43B. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the resilient layer has a transverse expansion factor in the range of 0.45 -0.5.

¶44. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the protective layer has a thickness of 1 - 50 µm.

¶45. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the protective layer has a thickness of 4 -15 µm.

¶46. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the protective layer has a modulus of elasticity of greater than 100 MPa.

¶47. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the protective layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 0.5-20 GPa.

¶48. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the reinforcing tape has a modulus of elasticity greater than 300 GPa.

¶49. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the reinforcing tape has a thickness of 1 - 500 µm.

¶50. Inner sleeve element according to paragraph 39, characterized in that the reinforcing tape has a thickness of 5 - 150 µm.

¶51. Photoconductive outer sleeve element with:

a stiffening layer in the form of a seamless endless belt;

a photoconductive layer structure with one or more layers arranged on the stiffening layer.

¶52. Photoconductive outer sleeve element according to paragraph 51, characterized in that the stiffening layer is conductive and is connected to an electrical voltage or current source.

¶53. Photoconductive, outer sleeve element according to paragraph 51, characterized in that the stiffening layer is conductive and connected to ground.

¶54. Photoconductive outer sleeve member according to paragraph 51, characterized in that the stiffening layer is made of nickel.

¶55. Photoconductive, outer sleeve element according to paragraph 51, characterized in that the photoconductive layer structure comprises the following:

a barrier layer disposed on the stiffening layer;

a charge generating layer disposed on the barrier layer;

a charge transport layer disposed on the charge generating layer.

¶56. Photoconductive, outer sleeve element according to paragraph 55, characterized in that the charge transport layer is coated with a hard layer.

¶57. Compliant outer sleeve element with:

a stiffening layer in the form of a seamless endless belt;

a resilient outer sleeve layer disposed on the stiffening layer;

a separating layer arranged on the thin, flexible layer.

¶58. Compliant, outer sleeve member according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the stiffening layer is conductive and is connected to an electrical voltage or current source.

¶59. Compliant, outer sleeve member according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the stiffening layer is conductive and connected to ground.

¶60. Compliant outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the stiffening layer is made of nickel.

¶61. Compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve element with:

a stiffening layer in the form of a seamless endless belt;

a compliant layer disposed on the stiffening layer;

a thin conductive layer disposed on the thin, compliant layer.

a barrier layer disposed on the thin conductive layer;

a charge generating layer disposed on the barrier layer;

a charge transport layer arranged on the charge generating layer.

¶62. Compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve element according to paragraph 61, characterized in that the charge transport layer is optionally coated with a hard layer.

¶63. Compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve member according to paragraph 61, characterized in that the thin, conductive layer is connected to an electrical voltage or current source.

¶64. Compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve member according to paragraph 61, characterized in that the thin, conductive layer is made of nickel.

¶65. Compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve member according to paragraph 61, characterized in that the stiffening layer is made of nickel.

¶66. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 51 and 57, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a volume resistivity of less than about 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm.

¶67. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 51, 57 and 61, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a thickness of less than about 500 microns.

¶68. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 51, 57 and 61, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a thickness of 10-200 µm.

¶69. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 51, 57 and 61, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a modulus of elasticity of greater than approximately 0.1 GPa.

¶70A. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 51 and 61, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 50-300 GPa.

¶70B. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the stiffening layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 100-300 GPa.

¶71. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm.

¶72. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ - 10 ¹¹ ohm-cm.

¶73. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has a volume resistivity of about 10 ⁹ ohm-cm.

¶74. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has an elastic modulus of less than about 10 MPa.

¶75. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 1-5 MPa.

¶76A. Outer sleeve member according to paragraphs 57 and 61, characterized in that the resilient layer has a transverse expansion factor in the range of 0.2-0.5.

¶76B. Outer sleeve member according to paragraph 76A, characterized in that the resilient layer has a transverse expansion factor in the range of 0.45-0.5.

¶77. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a thickness of 1 - 50 µm.

¶78. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a thickness of 4 -15 µm.

¶79A. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a modulus of elasticity of greater than 100 MPa.

¶79B. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a modulus of elasticity in the range of 0.5-20 GPa.

¶80. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ -10 ¹³ ohm-cm.

¶81. Outer sleeve element according to paragraph 57, characterized in that the separating layer has a specific volume resistance of approximately 10 ¹⁰ ohm-cm.

¶82. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 55 and 61, characterized in that the separating layer has a nylon material with a thickness of 0.5-1.0 µm.

¶83. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 55 and 61, characterized in that the charge-generating layer has a thickness of 0.25-1.0 µm.

¶84. Outer sleeve element according to paragraphs 55 and 61, characterized in that the charge transport layer has a thickness of 12-35 µm.

¶85. Method according to paragraphs 1, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 and 24, characterized in that the core element has an out-of-roundness of less than 80 µm.

¶86. Method according to paragraphs 1, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 and 24, characterized in that the core element has an out-of-roundness of less than 20 µm.

¶87. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the core element has an out-of-roundness of less than 80 µm.

¶88. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the core element has an out-of-roundness of less than 20 µm.

¶89. Double sleeve roll according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the sleeve end installation method comprises the following:

Providing a source of compressed fluid at the bottom of a sleeve member;

Turning on the source of compressed fluid to elastically expand the sleeve member so that the sleeve member is slidable along the surface of another member that surrounds it;

Moving the sleeve member and removing it from the other member while the source of the compressed fluid remains on;

Turning off the source of the compressed fluid;

characterized in that the other element is a core element or an inner sleeve element which is arranged on a core element.

¶90. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the sleeve installation process comprises the following:

Providing a source of compressed fluid at the bottom of a sleeve member;

Turning on the source of compressed fluid to elastically expand the sleeve member so that the sleeve member is slidable along the surface of another member to encompass the other member;

Sliding the sleeve member until it reaches a predetermined position in the encirclement of the other member while the source of the compressed fluid remains on;

Turning off the source of the compressed fluid, allowing the sleeve member to relax and grasp the other member under tension;

characterized in that the other element is a core element or an inner sleeve element which is arranged on a core element.

¶91. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraphs 89 and 90, characterized in that the compressed fluid is compressed air.

¶92. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the outer sleeve element is replaceable or removable from a first end of the double-sleeve roller, and that the inner sleeve element is replaceable or removable from a second end of the double-sleeve roller, characterized in that the second end of the double-sleeve roller on one Frame portion of the machine remains attached when the outer sleeve member is replaced or removed, and that the first end of the double sleeve roller remains attached to another frame portion of the machine when the inner sleeve member is replaced or removed.

¶93. Double-sleeve roller according to paragraph 32, characterized in that the outer sleeve element and the inner sleeve element are replaceable or removable from the same end of the double-sleeve roller, characterized in that the opposite end of the double-sleeve roller remains attached to the same frame section of the machine when the outer sleeve element is replaced or is removed and when the inner sleeve member is replaced or removed.

Although the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to this, but can be within its scope Changes and modifications are subject.

reference numeral

11

core element

12

reinforcing tape

13

inner, flexible layer

14

protective layer

15

inner sleeve element

20

outer sleeve element

21

stiffening layer

22

outer, flexible sleeve layer

23

Interface

30

photoconductive outer sleeve element

31

stiffening layer

32

photoconductive structure

40A

outer sleeve element

40B

outer sleeve element

41

stiffening layer

42

junction

43

charge generating layer

44

Charge transport layer

45

compliant layer

46

electrode layer

51

end block

52

end cap

52a

conical section

53

distributor

56

chamfer

57b

management

57a

opening

57

connecting channel

58

management

59

core element

60

Intermediate image transfer double sleeve element

61

core element

63

tail

66

opening

67

opening

68

axis element

69

axis element

70

secondary intermediate image transfer double sleeve element

71

core element

72

disc-shaped end element

73

disc-shaped element

74

conical end piece

78

axis element

79

opening

90

module

91

inner sleeve element

92

outer sleeve element

94

barcode

95

Identification detector

500

imaging device

503

primary imaging double sleeve roller

504

cleaning device

505

Corona charger

506

laser

507

inner sleeve element

508

Intermediate transfer double sleeve roll

509

outer sleeve element

510

transfer nip

511

cleaning device

512

receiving sheet

513

roll

516

Paper transport path

520

wiper blade

521

Transmission support roll

522

Corona charger

523

Corona charger

524

separation charger

526

loaders

527

doctor

541

inner sleeve element

542

outer sleeve element

552

power source

560

wiper blade

562

wiper blade

575

supporting structure

581

development station

591

module

603

photoconductive, primary, image forming double sleeve roller

604

cleaning station

605

primary loader

606

laser

610

nip

621

Transmission support roll

641

Macro-compliant, inner sleeve element

642

Micro-compliant, photoconductive, outer sleeve element

681

development station

691

module

Claims (10)

Double-sleeve roller (503, 508) for use in an electrostatographic machine (500) with: a cylindrical, rigid core element (11); a removable inner sleeve member (15) comprising a resilient layer such that the inner sleeve member engages around the rigid core member (11) and closely fitting; a removable outer sleeve member (20) that includes a resilient layer (22) and that the outer sleeve member (20) engages around and closely abuts the inner sleeve member (15); Double-sleeve roller according to claim 1,
characterized in that it can be used as an intermediate transfer roller (508) or as a primary, image-forming roller (503), and in that, as the inner sleeve element (15), it comprises a reinforcing band (12) in the form of an endless tubular band, the resilient inner sleeve layer on the Reinforcement tape (12) is formed, and wherein a protective layer (14) is applied to the resilient inner sleeve layer (13). Double-sleeve roller according to claim 1,
characterized in that it comprises, as the intermediate transfer roller (508) as the outer sleeve element (20), a stiffening layer (21) in the form of a tubular endless belt, a resilient outer sleeve layer (22) which is formed on the stiffening layer (21), and one on the flexible outer sleeve layer (22) formed separating layer (23). Double-sleeve roller according to claim 1,
characterized in that it comprises, as the primary, image-forming roller (503) as the outer sleeve element (40A), a stiffening layer (41) in the form of a tubular endless belt, a barrier layer (42) applied to the stiffening layer (41), one on the barrier layer ( 42) applied charge generating layer (43) and a charge transport layer (44) applied on the charge generating layer (43). Double-sleeve roller according to claim 4,
characterized in that the double sleeve roll (503) also includes a compliant layer (45) formed on the stiffening layer (41). Double-sleeve roller according to claim 1,
characterized in that the double-sleeve roller (503, 508) also comprises identification marks (93, 93 ', 93 ", 93"', 94) arranged on the inner sleeve element (91) and identification marks (93, 93) arranged on the outer sleeve element (92) 93 ', 93 ", 93"', 94),
characterized in that each of the identifiers (93, 93 ', 93 ", 93"', 94) is provided on the inner sleeve member (91) to indicate an operating parameter related to the inner sleeve member (91) by an identifier detector (95) is detectable, and that the identifying marks (93, 93 ', 93 ", 93"', 94) are provided on the outer sleeve element (92) in order to indicate an operating parameter in relation to the outer sleeve element (92) which can be detected by an identification mark detector (95). Electrostatographic imaging process with the following steps: Providing a moving primary imaging member (503) with a first double sleeve roll (503, 508) comprising a rigid cylindrical core member (11), a replaceable, removable, resilient inner sleeve member (15) attached to the core member (11) fits snugly and non-adherently and surrounds it, and a replaceable, removable, photoconductive outer sleeve member (20) snugly and non-adherently to and surrounds the inner sleeve member (15); Forming a toner image on the primary imaging member (503); electrostatically transferring the toner image from the primary imaging member (503) to an opposing intermediate transfer member (508), which is a second double sleeve roller (508), in a first transfer nip (610), which is by pressure contact between the primary imaging member (503) and the intermediate transfer element (508), the application of an electric field causing the transfer of the toner image from the primary, image-forming element (503) to the intermediate transfer element (508), the intermediate transfer element (508) being a rigid, cylindrical core element (11 ) comprises a resilient, inner sleeve element (15) which fits tightly and non-adheringly to the core element (11) and surrounds it, and a resilient, having a specific electrical resistance, outer sleeve element (20) which is attached to the inner sleeve element ( 15) fits tightly and non-adherently and surrounds it; Creating a second transfer nip (510) by pressure applied between the intermediate transfer member (508) and a transfer backup roller (521); Establishing an electric field between the intermediate transfer member (508) and the transfer backup roller (521); and Advancing a pickup member (512) into the second transfer nip (510) to electrostatically transfer the toner image from the intermediate transfer member (508) to the pickup member (512). Method according to claim 7,
characterized in that the primary imaging element (503) or the intermediate transfer element (508) comprises an inner sleeve element (15) and a reinforcement band (12) in the form of a tubular endless band, and in that the resilient inner sleeve layer (13) on the reinforcement band (12 ) is formed, and wherein a protective layer (14) is applied to the flexible inner sleeve layer (13). Product for electrostatographic imaging
characterized in that the product is manufactured through the following steps: Providing at least a first and second double-sleeve element (503, 508) carrying a toner image, the first double-sleeve element (503) carrying toner image being produced from a first, rigid, cylindrical core element (11) and a first, replaceable, removable, resilient, inner sleeve element (15), which is tight and non-adherent to and surrounds the first core member (11), and a first, replaceable, removable outer sleeve member (20), which is tight and non-sticking to the first inner sleeve member (15) and surrounds, the second toner image bearing, double sleeve member (508) being made from a second rigid cylindrical core member (11) and comprising a second, replaceable, removable, compliant inner sleeve member (15) which is tight and non-adherent to the second core element (11) abuts and surrounds it, and a second, exchangeable, removable, outer sleeve element t (20) which closely and non-adheres to and surrounds the second inner sleeve member (15); Moving each of the at least first and second toner image-bearing double-sleeve elements (503, 508), a corresponding toner image being formed on each toner-image-bearing double sleeve element (503, 508), through a corresponding transfer nip (510) with a web (516) which contains a toner image has a supporting receiving surface (512); Moving the web (512) through each nip (510, 610) with each double sleeve member (503, 508) bearing toner image, the web (516) having the toner image receiving surface (512) on one surface while the receiving surface (512) through the transfer nip (510) with the first toner image bearing double sleeve member (503) is moved to the transfer nip (510) with the second toner image bearing double sleeve member (503, 508); and electrostatically transferring a toner image at each transfer nip (510) to the receiving surface (512) so that a toner image is deposited on the receiving surface (512) by the second toner image bearing member (508) to form a composite image with the toner image which has been transferred from the first toner image bearing element (503) to the receiving surface (512). A product made by electrostatographic imaging according to claim 9,
characterized in that either the first or second toner image bearing member (503, 508) comprises an inner sleeve member (15) and a reinforcing tape (12) in the form of a tubular endless belt, and wherein the resilient inner sleeve layer (13) on the reinforcing tape (12) is formed, and wherein a protective layer (14) is applied to the flexible inner sleeve layer (13).

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