EP1195214A1 - Metal-made seamless pipe and process for production thereof - Google Patents
Metal-made seamless pipe and process for production thereof Download PDFInfo
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- EP1195214A1 EP1195214A1 EP01308458A EP01308458A EP1195214A1 EP 1195214 A1 EP1195214 A1 EP 1195214A1 EP 01308458 A EP01308458 A EP 01308458A EP 01308458 A EP01308458 A EP 01308458A EP 1195214 A1 EP1195214 A1 EP 1195214A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- seamless pipe
- pipe
- made seamless
- melting point
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0031—Matrix based on refractory metals, W, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Zr, Ti, V or alloys thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal-made seamless pipe and a process for producing such a pipe. More particularly, the present invention relates to a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); as well as to a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe.
- a translucent vessel e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel
- a high-pressure discharge lamp e.g. a metal halide lamp
- a translucent ceramic pipe 20 (a translucent pipe) is used as a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp 10 (e.g. a metal halide lamp), because the translucent vessel contains a light emitting material (e.g. dysprosium iodide) of high corrosivity and accordingly requires corrosion resistance.
- a high-pressure discharge lamp 10 e.g. a metal halide lamp
- a metal-made pipe 30 e.g. a Mo pipe
- European Patent Publication EP 0982278A1 European Patent Publication EP 0982278A1
- the metal (e.g. Mo or W) used in such a metal-made pipe is generally low in processability and there has been a limit in producing the pipe in a small thickness and a small inner diameter.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe.
- a translucent vessel e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel
- a high-pressure discharge lamp e.g. a metal halide lamp
- the present invention provides a metal-made seamless pipe and a process for production thereof, both shown below.
- the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention contains, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more, and has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as an areal proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe.
- the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention has higher reliability to leak-free (breakage) than pipes having seams, because it has no seam.
- a metal-made pipe having a seam is used as a sealing member for translucent vessel of high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. metal halide lamp)
- leakage (breakage) tends to occur therefrom because the translucent vessel inside becomes several atm. during the operation of the tube, resulting in lower reliability than in the case of seamless pipe.
- the kind of the metal having a melting point of 1,600° C or more used in the present invention, there is no particular restriction.
- the metal there can be mentioned at least one kind of metal selected from Mo (melting point: 2,623°C), W (melting point: 3,422°C), Re (melting point: 3,186°C), Ti (melting point: 1,668°C), Hf (melting point: 2,233°C) and Zr (melting point: 1,855°C), all having corrosion resistance to the substance sealed into translucent vessel.
- Mo and W have a body-centered cubic crystal structure, have a high melting point as mentioned above, and have a very high Vickers hardness of 200 to 450.
- Re, Ti, Hf and Zr have a close-packed cubic crystal structure, have a high melting point, and are low in crystal slip. Therefore, these metals are very low in processability.
- open pores other than through-pores refer to pipe-surface pores not perforating (not causing leakage) in the thickness direction of pipe. Such open pores can be confirmed by conducting a He leakage test and making an image analysis for outer surface porosity.
- gastightness is measured by fitting a metal-made pipe of 1 mm in outer diameter, 0.7 mm in inner diameter (therefore, 0.3 mm in thickness) and 100 mm in length to a He detector. When the pipe sample number is 10 and all the samples are gastight, the gastightness of the pipe is taken as 100%. “Gastight” refers to that in the He leakage test, the leakage rate is 1.0x10 -10 atm.cc/sec or less.
- the lower limit of the outer surface porosity is determined by the wettability toward other substance, particularly, cement, ceramic, glass or the like. A lower limit smaller than 0.3% is not preferred as is clear from the results of the following peeling test.
- a thin W plate 3 was attached to an alumina plate 1 via an Al 2 O 3 -Y 2 O 3 -Dy 2 O 3 -La 2 O 3 type ceramic composition; the thin W plate 3 was peeled from the alumina plate 1; the sites of breakage and the evaluations are shown in Table 1.
- Site of breakage Evaluation Porosity of thin W plate (%) 0.1 Thin W plate surface No breakage of ceramic x 0.2 Thin W plate surface No breakage of ceramic x 0.3-0.5 Thin W plate surface Ceramic on W plate: small ⁇ 1.0 Ceramic on W plate: small to medium ⁇ - ⁇ 3.0 Ceramic on W plate: medium ⁇ 5.0 Ceramic on W plate: large ⁇
- the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention preferably has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- the inner diameter is 3 mm and the thickness is 0.05 mm
- the inner diameter is too large and no sufficient increase in density takes place during molding; thus, leakage occurs when the thickness is as small as 0.05 mm.
- the thickness is too large and non-uniformity in drying speed arises after molding; as a result, drying cracks (microcracks) appear and leakage is incurred.
- the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention further contains, in addition to the metal, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Dy 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Ho 2 O 3 and Tm 2 O 3 , in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume, preferably 0.05 to 2% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide, for improvement in strength.
- the amount of the oxide is less than 0.02% by volume, the effect of strength improvement is low.
- the amount of the oxide is more than 5% by volume, adverse effects such as reduction in gastightness, brittleness and the like may appear.
- Al 2 O 3 is preferred for the corrosion resistance.
- the process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe comprises preparing a mixture containing (1) 80 to 98% by weight of a powder of at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more and (2) a binder in a solvent; kneading the mixture for 0 to 3 hours, preferably 1 to 2 hours and then extruding the kneaded material to form a pipe-shaped material; drying the pipe-shaped material at -5 to 25°C (preferably -2 to 15°C) for 10 hours (shortest) to 48 hours (preferably 24 hours) (longest) from the completion of the extrusion and thereafter at 30 to 120°C, preferably 80 to 100°C for 0 to 8 hours, preferably 0.5 to 4 hours; then, firing the dried material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal.
- the preparation of the mixture there is no particular restriction.
- this step when the content of the metal powder is less than 80% by weight, drying cracks may appear; when the content of the metal powder is more than 98% by weight, the dispersion of the metal particles may be insufficient.
- the firing in the firing step is conducted in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum.
- a lower temperature selected from 1,000°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal insufficient sintering may take place; when the firing temperature is higher than a lower temperature selected from 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal, firing deformation may take place depending upon the kind of the metal used.
- the drying of the pipe-shaped material is preferably conducted in an atmosphere containing the vapor of the solvent used in the mixture.
- the mixture was molded by an extruder.
- the extrudate was dried in the air at 80°C for 2 hours.
- the dried material was fired in hydrogen at 1,900°C for 3 hours. To remove the binder while preventing the oxidation of Mo, moistening was made to obtain a dew point of 0°C.
- the present invention can provide a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe.
- the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention can preferably be used suitably particularly as a sealing member of translucent pipe of, for example, high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. ceramic-made metal halide lamp).
- the present metal-made seamless pipe can also be used suitably as a metal pipe produced from a metal of low processability and having a small thickness and a small inner diameter, high heat resistance, high mechanical strengths and superior gastightness, for example, a fine pipe of, for example, heat exchangers used in extreme situations such as space, aviation, military and the like.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
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- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a metal-made seamless pipe and a process for producing such a pipe. More particularly, the present invention relates to a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); as well as to a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe.
- As shown in Fig. 5, a translucent ceramic pipe 20 (a translucent pipe) is used as a translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp 10 (e.g. a metal halide lamp), because the translucent vessel contains a light emitting material (e.g. dysprosium iodide) of high corrosivity and accordingly requires corrosion resistance.
- In order to seal the translucent ceramic pipe 20 (a translucent pipe) used as a translucent vessel, a metal-made pipe 30 (e.g. a Mo pipe) was proposed as a sealing member (European Patent Publication EP 0982278A1).
- The metal (e.g. Mo or W) used in such a metal-made pipe, however, is generally low in processability and there has been a limit in producing the pipe in a small thickness and a small inner diameter.
- Since the metal is low in processability and its cutting is difficult, production of a metal-made pipe therefrom has been conducted ordinarily by sintering a metal ingot and subjecting the sintered metal ingot to rolling, drawing or the like to obtain a pipe-shaped material.
- In such a production process, it has been extremely difficult to obtain a metal-made pipe of small thickness and small diameter.
- In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe.
- The present invention provides a metal-made seamless pipe and a process for production thereof, both shown below.
- [1] A metal-made seamless pipe containing, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more, which pipe has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as an areal proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe.
- [2] A metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [1], wherein the metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more are Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr.
- [3] A metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [1], wherein the melting point of each metal is 2,600°C or more.
- [4] A metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [3], wherein the metals each having a melting point of 2,600°C or more are Mo, W and Re.
- [5] A metal-made seamless pipe according to any of the above [1] to [4], which has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- [6] A metal-made seamless pipe according to any of the above [1] to [5], which further contains, in addition to the metal, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Y2O3, Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3 and Tm2O3, in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide.
- [7] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe,
which comprises:
- preparing a mixture containing (1) 80 to 98% by weight of a powder of at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more and (2) a binder in a solvent,
- kneading the mixture for 0 to 3 hours and then extruding the kneaded material to form a pipe-shaped material, and
- drying the pipe-shaped material at -5 to 25°C for 10 hours (shortest) to 48 hours (longest) from the completion of the extrusion and thereafter at 30 to 120°C for 0.5 to 8 hours and then firing the dried material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal.
- [8] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [7], wherein the metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more are Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr.
- [9] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [7], wherein the melting point of each metal is 2,600°C or more.
- [10] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to the above [9], wherein the metals each having a melting point of 2,600°C or more are Mo, W and Re.
- [11] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of the above [7] to [10], wherein the metal-made seamless pipe obtained after firing of the pipe-shaped material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal, has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- [12] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of the above [7] to [11], wherein in preparation of the mixture, there is further added, in addition to the components used, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Y2O3, Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3 and Tm2O3, in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide.
- [13] A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of the above [7] to [12], wherein the drying of the pipe-shaped material is conducted in an atmosphere containing the vapor of the solvent.
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- Fig. 1 is a graph showing a relation of porosity and gastightness in metal-made seamless pipe.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing a peeling test which comprises peeling a thin W plate attached to an alumina plate via an Al2O3-Y2O3-Dy2O3-La2O3 type ceramic composition, from the alumina plate at a given force.
- Fig. 3 is a graph showing the gastightnesses when Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr were used and their porosities were all fixed at 5%..
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing a relation of thickness, inner diameter and gastightness in metal-made seamless pipe.
- Fig. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing a state in which a metal-made seamless pipe is used as a sealing member for the ceramic-made translucent vessel of a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp).
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- The preferred embodiments of the metal-made seamless pipe and the process for production thereof, both of the present invention are specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- The metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention contains, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more, and has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as an areal proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe.
- The metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention has higher reliability to leak-free (breakage) than pipes having seams, because it has no seam. When a metal-made pipe having a seam is used as a sealing member for translucent vessel of high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. metal halide lamp), leakage (breakage) tends to occur therefrom because the translucent vessel inside becomes several atm. during the operation of the tube, resulting in lower reliability than in the case of seamless pipe.
- As to the kind of the metal having a melting point of 1,600° C or more, used in the present invention, there is no particular restriction. As preferable examples of the metal, there can be mentioned at least one kind of metal selected from Mo (melting point: 2,623°C), W (melting point: 3,422°C), Re (melting point: 3,186°C), Ti (melting point: 1,668°C), Hf (melting point: 2,233°C) and Zr (melting point: 1,855°C), all having corrosion resistance to the substance sealed into translucent vessel.
- Incidentally, Mo and W have a body-centered cubic crystal structure, have a high melting point as mentioned above, and have a very high Vickers hardness of 200 to 450. Re, Ti, Hf and Zr have a close-packed cubic crystal structure, have a high melting point, and are low in crystal slip. Therefore, these metals are very low in processability.
- In the present invention, "open pores other than through-pores" refer to pipe-surface pores not perforating (not causing leakage) in the thickness direction of pipe. Such open pores can be confirmed by conducting a He leakage test and making an image analysis for outer surface porosity.
- As shown in Table 1, when the porosity of metal-made seamless pipe exceeds 25%, its gastightness is low.
- Herein, "gastightness" is measured by fitting a metal-made pipe of 1 mm in outer diameter, 0.7 mm in inner diameter (therefore, 0.3 mm in thickness) and 100 mm in length to a He detector. When the pipe sample number is 10 and all the samples are gastight, the gastightness of the pipe is taken as 100%. "Gastight" refers to that in the He leakage test, the leakage rate is 1.0x10-10 atm.cc/sec or less.
- The lower limit of the outer surface porosity is determined by the wettability toward other substance, particularly, cement, ceramic, glass or the like. A lower limit smaller than 0.3% is not preferred as is clear from the results of the following peeling test.
- As shown in Fig. 2, a thin W plate 3 was attached to an alumina plate 1 via an Al2O3-Y2O3-Dy2O3-La2O3 type ceramic composition; the thin W plate 3 was peeled from the alumina plate 1; the sites of breakage and the evaluations are shown in Table 1.
Site of breakage Evaluation Porosity of thin W plate (%) 0.1 Thin W plate surface No breakage of ceramic x 0.2 Thin W plate surface No breakage of ceramic x 0.3-0.5 Thin W plate surface Ceramic on W plate: small Δ 1.0 Ceramic on W plate: small to medium Δ - ○ 3.0 Ceramic on W plate: medium ○ 5.0 Ceramic on W plate: large ○ - As is clear from Table 1, the presence of ceramic on W plate (the remaining of ceramic composition on the surface side of thin W plate contacting with ceramic composition when the thin W plate was peeled) indicates high wettability, i.e. high adhesivity between thin W plate and ceramic composition. Therefore, a large amount of ceramic on W plate was rated as ○. No ceramic on W plate was rated as X, and the intermediate between them was rated as Δ. It is appreciated form Table 1 that a porosity of less than 0.3% gives low adhesivity.
- When a metal of relatively low melting point is used, sintering takes place at an early timing and proceeds before the binder gas is released; pores generate inside in a large amount and easily become through-pores; as a result, gastightness tends to be low before a porosity of 25% (the upper limit of specified range) is reached.
- Gastightnesses when Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr are used, are compared by fixing the porosity at 5% for all cases. As shown in Fig. 3, of these metals, preferred are metals having a melting point of 2,600°C or more, i.e. Mo (melting point = 2,623°C), W (melting point = 3,422°C) and Re (melting point = 3,186).
- The metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention preferably has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- As shown in Fig. 4, no leakage occurs (therefore, superior gastightness is obtained) in a certain region wherein the inner diameter and the thickness are in the above ranges.
- For example, when the inner diameter is 3 mm and the thickness is 0.05 mm, the inner diameter is too large and no sufficient increase in density takes place during molding; thus, leakage occurs when the thickness is as small as 0.05 mm.
- When the inner diameter is 0.4 mm and the thickness is 1.0 mm, the thickness is too large and non-uniformity in drying speed arises after molding; as a result, drying cracks (microcracks) appear and leakage is incurred.
- Preferably, the metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention further contains, in addition to the metal, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Y2O3, Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3 and Tm2O3, in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume, preferably 0.05 to 2% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide, for improvement in strength. When the amount of the oxide is less than 0.02% by volume, the effect of strength improvement is low. When the amount of the oxide is more than 5% by volume, adverse effects such as reduction in gastightness, brittleness and the like may appear. Of the above oxides, Al2O3 is preferred for the corrosion resistance.
- The process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to the present invention comprises preparing a mixture containing (1) 80 to 98% by weight of a powder of at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more and (2) a binder in a solvent; kneading the mixture for 0 to 3 hours, preferably 1 to 2 hours and then extruding the kneaded material to form a pipe-shaped material; drying the pipe-shaped material at -5 to 25°C (preferably -2 to 15°C) for 10 hours (shortest) to 48 hours (preferably 24 hours) (longest) from the completion of the extrusion and thereafter at 30 to 120°C, preferably 80 to 100°C for 0 to 8 hours, preferably 0.5 to 4 hours; then, firing the dried material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal.
- Thus, in the present process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe, mild drying is conducted for a given length of time from the completion of the extrusion. This mild drying is necessary to remove the extrusion strain, etc. remaining right after the extrusion (at the start of drying). In drying of, in particular, a pipe-shaped material, the drying speed is inevitably higher than that of a solid (non-hollow) material and, therefore, its drying right after extrusion need be mild. Residual extrusion stress becomes a main cause for firing deformation, etc.
- As to the preparation of the mixture, there is no particular restriction. In this step, when the content of the metal powder is less than 80% by weight, drying cracks may appear; when the content of the metal powder is more than 98% by weight, the dispersion of the metal particles may be insufficient.
- There is no particular restriction, either, as to the method of kneading and extrusion in the extrusion step.
- There is no particular restriction, either, as to the method of drying.
- The firing in the firing step is conducted in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or in vacuum. In the firing step, when the firing temperature is lower than a lower temperature selected from 1,000°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal, insufficient sintering may take place; when the firing temperature is higher than a lower temperature selected from 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal, firing deformation may take place depending upon the kind of the metal used.
- By employing such a production process, it is possible to easily obtain a thin, small-diameter seamless which has been difficult to obtain with conventional processes; therefore, productivity improvement and consequent cost reduction can be achieved.
- The drying of the pipe-shaped material is preferably conducted in an atmosphere containing the vapor of the solvent used in the mixture.
- By employing such a production process, mild drying becomes possible and extrusion strain can be reduced.
- The present invention is specifically described below by way of Examples. However, the present invention is in no way restricted by these Examples.
- To 1,000 g of a powder of W (melting point = 3,422°C were added 12 g of ethyl cellulose (a binder), 30 g of butylcarbitol acetate (a solvent) and 10 g of additives including Al2O3. The mixture was passed through a tri-roll mill ten times.
- The mixture was molded by an extruder. The extrudate was dried in the air at 80°C for 2 hours.
- The dried material was fired in hydrogen at 1,900°C for 3 hours. To remove the binder while preventing the oxidation of Mo, moistening was made to obtain a dew point of 0°C.
- By the above treatment, there was produced a Mo pipe having a porosity of 8% and a leakage rate of 1.0x10-10 atm. cc/sec or less in the He leakage test.
- As described above, the present invention can provide a metal-made seamless pipe which is low in processability but can be produced in a small thickness and a small inner diameter, which is superior in mechanical strengths and gastightness, and which can be suitably used, for example, as a sealing member of a translucent vessel (e.g. a ceramic-made translucent vessel) of, for example, a high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. a metal halide lamp); and a process for producing such a metal-made seamless pipe. The metal-made seamless pipe of the present invention can preferably be used suitably particularly as a sealing member of translucent pipe of, for example, high-pressure discharge lamp (e.g. ceramic-made metal halide lamp). The present metal-made seamless pipe can also be used suitably as a metal pipe produced from a metal of low processability and having a small thickness and a small inner diameter, high heat resistance, high mechanical strengths and superior gastightness, for example, a fine pipe of, for example, heat exchangers used in extreme situations such as space, aviation, military and the like.
Claims (13)
- A metal-made seamless pipe containing, as a main component, at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more, which pipe has a porosity of 0.3 to 25% when the porosity is defined as an areal proportion of the open pores not perforating in the thickness direction of the pipe, present at the outer surface of the pipe, to the total area (100%) of the outer surface of the pipe.
- A metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 1, wherein the metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more are Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr.
- A metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 1, wherein the melting point of each metal is 2,600°C or more.
- A metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 3, wherein the metals each having a melting point of 2,600°C or more are Mo, W and Re.
- A metal-made seamless pipe according to any of Claims 1 to 4, which has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- A metal-made seamless pipe according to any of Claims 1 to 5, which further contains, in addition to the metal, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Y2O3, Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3 and Tm2O3, in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe, which comprises:preparing a mixture containing (1) 80 to 98% by weight of a powder of at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more and (2) a binder in a solvent,kneading the mixture for 0 to 3 hours and then extruding the kneaded material to form a pipe-shaped material, anddrying the pipe-shaped material at -5 to 25°C for 10 hours (shortest) to 48 hours (longest) from the completion of the extrusion and thereafter at 30 to 120°C for 0.5 to 8 hours and then firing the dried material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 7, wherein the metals each having a melting point of 1,600°C or more are Mo, W, Re, Ti, Hf and Zr.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 7, wherein the melting point of each metal is 2,600° C or more.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to Claim 9, wherein the metals each having a melting point of 2,600°C or more are Mo, W and Re.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of Claims 7 to 10, wherein the metal-made seamless pipe obtained after firing of the pipe-shaped material at a lower temperature selected from a temperature between 1,000 to 2,100°C and a temperature lower by 300°C than the melting point of the metal, has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.0 mm and a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of Claims 7 to 11, wherein in preparation of the mixture, there is further added, in addition to the components used, at least one kind of oxide selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, Y2O3, Dy2O3, Gd2O3, Ho2O3 and Tm2O3, in an amount of 0.02 to 5% by volume relative to 100% of the total of the metal and the oxide.
- A process for producing a metal-made seamless pipe according to any of Claims 7 to 12, wherein the drying of the pipe-shaped material is conducted in an atmosphere containing the vapor of the solvent.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
WOPCT/JP00/06876 | 2000-10-03 | ||
PCT/JP2000/006876 WO2002028575A1 (en) | 2000-10-03 | 2000-10-03 | Metallic seamless pipe and method of manufacturing the seamless pipe |
JP2001217592 | 2001-07-18 | ||
JP2001217592A JP2002180106A (en) | 2000-10-03 | 2001-07-18 | Seamless metal tube and its manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1195214A1 true EP1195214A1 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
EP1195214B1 EP1195214B1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=26344945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01308458A Revoked EP1195214B1 (en) | 2000-10-03 | 2001-10-03 | Metal-made seamless pipe and process for production thereof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1195214B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1151539C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ296639B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60107914T2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1686614A2 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-02 | Osram-Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic discharge vessel having tungsten alloy feedthrough |
US7602115B2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2009-10-13 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | Electrode system with a current feedthrough through a ceramic component |
CN104736274A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-06-24 | 西门子公司 | Production of a refractory metal component |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107236888B (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-03-13 | 利胜强 | A kind of combustion-supporting alloy, vapor participate in the method and boiler combustion system of burning |
CN108746234A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-06 | 唐竹胜 | A kind of production method of tubing string shape component of machine |
Citations (4)
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US3626744A (en) * | 1969-08-28 | 1971-12-14 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Smooth high tolerance porous tube and process for making |
JPS57161003A (en) * | 1981-03-28 | 1982-10-04 | Micro Filter Kk | Manufacture of porous seamless pipe |
US5910007A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-06-08 | Injex Corporation | Buccal tube |
EP0982278A1 (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Joined bodies, high-pressure discharge lamps and a method for manufacturing the same |
-
2001
- 2001-09-30 CN CNB011353503A patent/CN1151539C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-02 CZ CZ20013545A patent/CZ296639B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-03 EP EP01308458A patent/EP1195214B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2001-10-03 DE DE60107914T patent/DE60107914T2/en not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3626744A (en) * | 1969-08-28 | 1971-12-14 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Smooth high tolerance porous tube and process for making |
JPS57161003A (en) * | 1981-03-28 | 1982-10-04 | Micro Filter Kk | Manufacture of porous seamless pipe |
US5910007A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-06-08 | Injex Corporation | Buccal tube |
EP0982278A1 (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-01 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Joined bodies, high-pressure discharge lamps and a method for manufacturing the same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 001 (M - 183) 6 January 1983 (1983-01-06) * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7602115B2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2009-10-13 | W.C. Heraeus Gmbh | Electrode system with a current feedthrough through a ceramic component |
EP1686614A2 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-02 | Osram-Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic discharge vessel having tungsten alloy feedthrough |
EP1686614A3 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2008-03-05 | Osram-Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic discharge vessel having tungsten alloy feedthrough |
US7453212B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2008-11-18 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic discharge vessel having tungsten alloy feedthrough |
CN104736274A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-06-24 | 西门子公司 | Production of a refractory metal component |
CN104736274B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2017-07-07 | 西门子公司 | Manufacture refractory metal part |
US9950368B2 (en) | 2012-09-24 | 2018-04-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Production of a refractory metal component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1151539C (en) | 2004-05-26 |
CZ20013545A3 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
DE60107914D1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
DE60107914T2 (en) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1195214B1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
CN1347135A (en) | 2002-05-01 |
CZ296639B6 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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