EP1192694A1 - Joints et raccordements de cables - Google Patents

Joints et raccordements de cables

Info

Publication number
EP1192694A1
EP1192694A1 EP00914326A EP00914326A EP1192694A1 EP 1192694 A1 EP1192694 A1 EP 1192694A1 EP 00914326 A EP00914326 A EP 00914326A EP 00914326 A EP00914326 A EP 00914326A EP 1192694 A1 EP1192694 A1 EP 1192694A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
elastomeric
heat
sleeves
conductors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00914326A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Stephen Roper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1192694A1 publication Critical patent/EP1192694A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/18—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable
    • H02G15/1806—Heat shrinkable sleeves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/18—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable
    • H02G15/184—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable with devices for relieving electrical stress
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/18—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable
    • H02G15/196—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable having lapped insulation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical cable joints and terminations.
  • Heat shrinkable polyolefins have also been available for many years. These materials find very widespread use wherever a quick and convenient method of achieving electrical and/or mechanical insulation is required.
  • an exposed electrical joint between a copper wire and terminal or connector has a short length of heat shrinkable polyolefin tubing slid over the exposed connection. Heat is then applied to the tubing to cause it to shrink radially inwardly to form a snug, electrically insulating cover over the exposed joint.
  • Tubing of this type for low voltage applications is in very common use and is typically made of PVC.
  • More complex shapes are also very commonly used. For example, where a multi-cored cable is to be terminated to make a connection to an electrical supply a moulded, heat shrinkable plastic boot is used.
  • Cold shrink rubber sleeves have also been available for many years.
  • the rubber sleeve is pre-vulcanized and is expanded radially outwardly and supported on an interlocking plastic tape spiral. When the tape is pulled from the inside of the sleeve, the sleeve collapses radially inwardly to form a snug fit over an exposed joint.
  • the weakness of the cold shrink joining and terminating system is that the rubber compound used must be soft enough so that it can be radially expanded. Furthermore, the compressive force it exerts on the plastic spiral must not be so great as to cause premature collapse during storage. Compounding rubber to give good extensibility, low modulus and good recoverability (low permanent set) severely restricts the range of hardnesses available to the rubber compounder. Specifically, the hardness of the element is usually much lower than the adjacent cable sheath or insulation. Furthermore, the extensibihty/recoverability requirement of cold shrink elements severely restricts the freedom of the compounder to impart other desirable properties to the element. Such restrictions can result in high material costs and cold shrink systems are usually expensive.
  • a kit for a cable joint for joining two cables having outer sheaths and conductors includes at least one radially expanded, heat shrinkable, electrically insulating, elastomeric, conductor sleeve which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over an electrical joint between individual conductors.
  • the conductor sleeve is preferably made of ethylene propylene rubber.
  • the kit may include at least one radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, semi-conductive sleeve which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over the conductor sleeve.
  • the semi-conductive sleeve is preferably made of ethylene propylene rubber.
  • the kit may include at least one radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, oil barrier sleeve which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over the conductor sleeve.
  • the oil barrier sleeve is preferably made of nitrile rubber.
  • the kit may include a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, consolidation sleeve which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over at least two individual conductors and their conductor sleeves to consolidate the individual conductors.
  • the consolidation sleeve is preferably made of polychloroprene rubber.
  • the kit may include a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, cover sleeve which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over the cable joint to provide a cover sleeve for the joint which cover sleeve overlaps the outer sheaths of the two cables.
  • the cover sleeve is preferably made of polychloroprene rubber.
  • the consolidation sleeve is preferably shorter than the cover sleeve so that in use the consolidation sleeve does not overlap the outer sheaths of the two cables.
  • a method of forming a joint between two cables having conductors and outer sheaths includes the steps of exposing the ends of electrical conductors within the cables, electrically joining respective electrical conductors, and shrinking radially expanded, heat shrinkable, electrically insulating, elastomeric, conductor sleeves over the joints between the respective electrical conductors by heating the conductor sleeves.
  • the method may include the step of shrinking radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, semi-conductive sleeves over the conductor sleeves by heating the semi-conductive sleeves.
  • the method may include the step of shrinking radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, oil barrier sleeves over the conductor sleeves by heating the oil barrier sleeves.
  • the method may include the step of shrinking a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, consolidation sleeve over the electrical conductors by heating the consolidation sleeve.
  • the method may include the step of shrinking a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, cover sleeve over the electrical conductors by heating the cover sleeve to form a cover sleeve for the joint which cover sleeve overlaps the outer sheaths of the two cables.
  • a joint between two electrical cables having electrical conductors and outer sheaths includes electrically insulating, elastomeric, conductor sleeves heat shrunk over joints between the respective electrical conductors.
  • the joint may include elastomeric semi-conductive sleeves heat shrunk over the conductor sleeves.
  • the joint may include elastomeric, oil barrier sleeves heat shrunk over the conductor sleeves.
  • the joint may include an elastomeric consolidation sleeve heat shrunk over the electrical conductors.
  • the joint may include an elastomeric, cover sleeve heat shrunk over the electrical conductors to form a cover sleeve for the joint which cover sleeve overlaps the outer sheaths of the two cables.
  • a kit for an electrical cable termination includes a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric boot which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over a crutch of the electrical cable termination.
  • the boot is preferably made of silicone rubber.
  • the kit may include radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, anti- tracking sleeves which can in use, upon the application of heat, be shrunk over individual conductors extending from the crutch of the termination.
  • the anti-tracking sleeves are preferably made of silicone rubber.
  • a method of forming an electrical cable termination includes the steps of forming a termination crutch with separated conductors extending therefrom, shrinking a radially expanded heat shrinkable, elastomeric boot over the crutch of the termination by heating the boot.
  • the method may include the step of shrinking radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric, anti-tracking sleeves over the separated conductors by heating the anti-tracking sleeves.
  • an electrical cable termination includes an elastomeric boot heat shrunk over a crutch of the electrical cable termination.
  • the electrical cable termination may include elastomeric, anti-tracking sleeves heat shrunk over individual separated conductors extending from the crutch.
  • Each anti-tracking sleeve preferably overlaps a turret of the boot.
  • a kit for a cable joint or cable termination includes at least one radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric element.
  • a method of forming a cable joint or a cable termination includes the step of shrinking a radially expanded, heat shrinkable elastomeric element over conductors of the cables being joined or over the conductors of the cable being terminated.
  • a cable joint or cable termination includes an elastomeric element heat shrunk over the conductors of the cables being joined or over the conductors of the cable being terminated.
  • a sleeve for use in a cable joint is made of ethylene propylene rubber and is radially expanded and heat shrinkable.
  • Figures 1 to 13 illustrate the steps involved in forming a joint between two cross-linked, polyethylene, 12 kV, 3 core cables;
  • Figures 14 to 20 illustrate the steps involved in forming a joint between two paper insulated, lead covered, 12 kV, 3 core cables;
  • Figures 21 to 23 illustrate the steps involved in forming a termination on a cross-linked, polyethylene, 12 kV, 3 core cable.
  • two cross-linked, polyethylene. 12 kV, 3 core cables 10 are each prepared in known fashion as shown in figure 1 for being joined together.
  • Each cable 10 has an outer sheath 12, armouring 14, inner bedding 16 and three copper conductors 18.
  • the copper conductors 18 are covered with copper screening tape 20 and cross-linked, polyethylene insulation 22.
  • a polychloroprene cover sleeve 24 Prior to joining the two cables 10 together, a polychloroprene cover sleeve 24, a polychloroprene consolidation sleeve 26 and three ethylene propylene conductor sleeves 28 are slid into position over one of the cables 10 as can be seen in figure 2. These sleeves are all elastomers and are all radially expanded and heat shrinkable.
  • the exposed ends of the copper conductors 18 are joined together by crimping ferrules 30 over the copper conductors 18 as can be seen in figure 3.
  • the conductor sleeves 28 are then slid over the butyl tape 34 and shrunk into position by the application of heat as can be seen in figure 5.
  • the heat is applied by a propane torch initially at the centre of each sleeve to drive air out of the sleeves 28. Care should be taken not to overheat the sleeves 28 since a temperature of about 80°C is sufficient to shrink the sleeves 28.
  • Semi-conductive tape 36 tinned copper mesh tape 38 and black filler profiles 40 are then applied as can be seen from figures 6 to 8.
  • the semi-conductive tape 36 may be replaced with a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric semi-conductive sleeves 42 (figure 6) which can be heat shrunk over the conductor sleeves 28.
  • the semi-conductive sleeves 42 would have substantially the same length and a slightly larger diameter than the conductor sleeves 28, so that they can fit over the conductor sleeves 28 in their preshrink configuration.
  • a supporting core (not shown) is removed from the consolidation sleeve 26 which is then centralised over the joint and heat shrunk into position as shown in figure 9.
  • a layer of sealant tape 43 is applied to either end of the cable sheath 12 as shown in figure 9.
  • An earth braid 44 is clamped with clamps 46 to the exposed armouring as can be seen from figure 10.
  • Galvanised steel mesh 48 and white sealant tape 50 are then applied as shown in figures 11 and 12.
  • the cover sleeve 26 is then slid into position after removal of its supporting core (not shown), and heat shrunk into position as shown in figure 13 to complete the cable joint 52.
  • the cover sleeve 26 may consist of two sleeves (not shown) which may be heat shrunk into position to effectively form a single cover sleeve.
  • the sealant tape 43 forms a seal between the cable sheath 12 and the ends of the cover sleeve 26.
  • two paper insulated, lead covered, 12 kV, 3 core cables 54 have their conductors joined in known fashion with ferrules 56 as can be seen from figure 14.
  • Each cable 54 has an outer sheath 60, steel tape armouring 62, a lead sheath 64, paper belting 66 and oil barrier paper insulation 68 as can be seen from figure 16.
  • conductor sleeves 58, a consolidation sleeve 70 and two cover sleeves 72 Prior to joining the conductors, conductor sleeves 58, a consolidation sleeve 70 and two cover sleeves 72 are slid into position on the cables 54. These sleeves are all elastomers which have been radially expanded and are heat shrinkable.
  • the conductor sleeves 58 are heat shrunk (see figures 15 and 16) into position over ⁇ e ferrules 56, after a stress relief void filler tape (not shown) has been wrapped around the ferrules 56.
  • the joint 74 is then further prepared in known fashion by the application of mastic, a core separator, filler profiles 76, black filler tape 78, stress relief tape 80 and sealant tape 82 to form the joint 74 shown in figure 17.
  • the inner or consolidation sleeve 70 is then slid into position as shown in figure 18 and heat slirunk into position.
  • the ends of the consolidation sleeve 70 overlap the sealant tape 82 so that a seal is formed at the ends of the consolidation sleeve 70.
  • the joint 74 is then prepared further in known fashion by the application of an earth braid, galvanised steel mesh and white sealant tape 84 and a red sealant tape 86.
  • the cover sleeves 72 are then slid into position and heat shrunk in partially overlapping configuration as shown in figures 19 and 20 to complete the joint 74.
  • the outer ends of the cover sleeves overlap the red sealant tape 86 to form a seal between the cover sleeves 72 and the outer sheath 60 of the cables 54.
  • a typical general purpose heat shrinkable rubber formulation suitable for a conductor sleeve is as follows:
  • the grade of elastomer, the levels of the reinforcing filler, plasticiser and curing agent all have an effect on the stiffness of the compound and its tendency to resist spontaneous recovery upon deformation.
  • the cable 88 has an outer sheath 90, red sealant 92, a clamp 94 clamping armouring 96 in position, a filler 98, earth braids 100 held by roll springs 102, copper tape screens 104, core screens 106, cross-linked polyethylene insulation 108 and lugs 110.
  • a radially expanded, heat shrinkable, silicone rubber boot 112 is slid over the crutch 114 of the cable 88.
  • the boot 112 has a skirt 116 and three turrets 118.
  • Heat is applied to the boot 112 to shrink it into position over the crutch 114.
  • the heat is first applied to the skirt 116 in the centre of the skirt 116 and then to the turrets 118.
  • the termination 89 is then further prepared by the application of stress relief tape and stress control sleeves 120.
  • the stress control sleeves 120 may be in the form of radially expanded, heat shrinkable, elastomeric sleeves.
  • Red sealant tape 122 is then wrapped around the barrels 124 of the lugs 110, and around each turret 118 of the boot 112.
  • Radially expanded, heat shrinkable, silicone rubber, anti-tracking sleeves are then heat shrunk into position as can be seen from figure 23.
  • the anti- tracking sleeves 124 overlap the sealant tape 122 to form seals at the ends of the anti-tracking sleeves 124.
  • Radially expanded heat shrinkable, elastomeric rain shields 126 are heat shrunk into position over the anti -tracking sleeves 124 as can be seen from figure 23.
  • Rubbers can be compounded to give a wider range of properties than plastics. Higher electrical resistivity, lower electrical conductivity and a broader range of dielectric constants are available in rubber compounds than in plastics.
  • Heat shrinkable silicone joints can withstand higher temperatures and have improved track resistance. Heat shrinkable rubbers can be compounded to give hardnesses the same as the cable material or as high as heat shrinkable polyolefins. The higher hardness leads to enhanced toughness and a corresponding ruggedness of the joint. Furthermore, low cost systems can be designed if the constraints of low hardness/good recoverability are removed.
  • the electrical properties of the elements of a high voltage electrical joint or termination vary in accordance with radial distance from the conductor. In the case of heat shrinkable polyolefins, this is achieved by either sequential application of elements with differing electrical properties or by nesting the elements one within the other. Care must be always be exercised with such systems, whether polyolefin or rubber, to ensure removal of air, especially between insulating and semi-conducting layers since the inclusion of air at this interface in high voltage cables leads to corona discharges and joint failures.
  • Heat shrinkable rubbers may be moulded to form a composite having differing electrical properties, ensuring the elimination of air and also speeding up and simplifying the joining process.
  • Such composites are available in cold shrink form, but at very high cost.

Landscapes

  • Cable Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble pour joint (52) de câble permettant de joindre deux câbles (10). Chaque câble (10) comprend un manchon extérieur (12) et des conducteurs (18). L'ensemble comprends des gaines (28) conductrices pouvant être thermorétractées par dessus des capsules (30) de contact qui rassemblent les conducteurs (18) entre eux. L'ensemble comprend également un manchon (26) de consolidation pouvant être thermorétracté par dessus tous les conducteurs (18) et un manchon (24) de couverture pouvant être thermorétracté par dessus le manchon (26) de consolidation et enveloppant les manchons extérieurs (12) des câbles (10). Les gaines (28) conductrices, le manchon (26) de consolidation et le manchon (24) de couverture sont tous fabriqués à partir d'un élastomère expansé de manière radiale et thermorétractable. L'invention concerne également un ensemble pour un raccordement (89) de câble, lequel ensemble comprend des éléments (90, 124) en élastomère expansés de manière radiale et thermorétractables.
EP00914326A 1999-06-04 2000-04-10 Joints et raccordements de cables Withdrawn EP1192694A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA9903780 1999-06-04
ZA993780 1999-06-04
PCT/IB2000/000440 WO2000076045A1 (fr) 1999-06-04 2000-04-10 Joints et raccordements de cables

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1192694A1 true EP1192694A1 (fr) 2002-04-03

Family

ID=25587762

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00914326A Withdrawn EP1192694A1 (fr) 1999-06-04 2000-04-10 Joints et raccordements de cables

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1192694A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3572000A (fr)
CA (1) CA2375468A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000076045A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2984030B1 (fr) * 2011-12-09 2014-10-10 Electricite De France Kit et procede de jonction de cables de reseau basse tension
EP3859921A1 (fr) * 2020-01-28 2021-08-04 Aptiv Technologies Limited Joint pour câble et procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA722148B (en) * 1971-03-31 1972-12-27 Raychem Corp Cable splice
GB2097203B (en) * 1981-04-16 1985-03-20 Raychem Gmbh Cable sealing
DE3812398C2 (de) * 1988-04-14 1997-04-10 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Umhüllung aus Kunststoffolienmaterial für einen Kabelendverschluß, eine Kabelverbindung oder einen anderen vom Kabelmantel befreiten Abschnitt eines elektrischen Kabels
DE9414300U1 (de) * 1994-09-06 1994-11-17 Cellpack Gmbh Kabelverbindung
FR2738085B1 (fr) * 1995-08-23 1997-11-14 Axon Cable Sa Dispositif et procede de realisation d'une epissure pour cables blindes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0076045A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000076045A1 (fr) 2000-12-14
AU3572000A (en) 2000-12-28
CA2375468A1 (fr) 2000-12-14

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