EP1190175A1 - Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede - Google Patents

Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP1190175A1
EP1190175A1 EP00934942A EP00934942A EP1190175A1 EP 1190175 A1 EP1190175 A1 EP 1190175A1 EP 00934942 A EP00934942 A EP 00934942A EP 00934942 A EP00934942 A EP 00934942A EP 1190175 A1 EP1190175 A1 EP 1190175A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spoiler
wing
hollow
shape
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00934942A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henrik Bonus Energy A/S STIESDAL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS
Original Assignee
Bonus Energy AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bonus Energy AS filed Critical Bonus Energy AS
Publication of EP1190175A1 publication Critical patent/EP1190175A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F03D7/0252—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking with aerodynamic drag devices on the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/305—Flaps, slats or spoilers
    • F05B2240/3052—Flaps, slats or spoilers adjustable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a method for controlling a wind mill and an apparatus for use in the method.
  • the wings are fixed on the mill hub and cannot be turned about their longitudinal axis.
  • the angular position of the wings on the hub is adjusted once for all at the erection and running in of the mill.
  • the wings are designed so that the air flow over them by itself gives larger air resistance in high wind and thereby limits the power. Due to this passive utilisation of the aerodynamic properties of the wings, the control becomes simple and sturdy under all circumstances with only small peak loads.
  • stall control has the drawback that the maximum power depends on the density of the air and the surface roughness of the wing. Hence there will be changes in maximum power from summer to winter and by dirty wings. To a large degree, the stall power also depends on the design of the leading edge of the wing. Small produc- tion tolerances in the shape of the leading edge may give significant differences in the power level at which a wind mill is stall controlled.
  • the wings are mounted on bearings on the mill hub so that they may be turned about their longitudinal axis. In high wind, the angular position is adjusted away from stall all the time so that the lift is limited to give just the power desired.
  • Pitch control has the drawback that a relatively complicated, active regulation is re- quired which in high wind may be somewhat sensitive to turbulence. Therefore in practice, pitch control depends on a special generator with fully or partly variable rotational speed so that the mill may increase speed slightly by wind gusts. Otherwise. the active regulation cannot follow the variations in the wind, and too great peak loads are obtained. Compared with stall control with fixed wings, pitch control also has the drawback that the wings are to be mounted turning on the mill hub and therefore have to be provided with bearings and actuation systems. These components have to transmit large loads and imply an increased demand for service.
  • a newer kind of control is active stall regulation.
  • the two normal methods of power limiting are combined.
  • pitch control there are bearings between wings and mill hub so that the angular position may be adjusted but the power limiting itself in high wind occurs by stalling.
  • active stalling has the advantage that the maximum power may be held at the desired valued with certainty irrespectively of air density, possible dirt on the wings and the influence from production tolerances.
  • active stall control has the advantage that the regulation itself still occurs by stalling, thus a passive utilisation of the aerodynamic properties of the wing so that sensitivity to turbulence is still small. Therefore, it is not necessary to use special generators, variable speed or the like for avoiding large peak loads.
  • Active stall control has. however, also its drawbacks compared with passive stall control with fixed wings. As with pitch control there is the disadvantage that the wings may be mounted turning on the mill hub and therefore has to be provided with bearings and actuating systems. These components have to transmit great loads and imply an increased demand for service. By active stall control, the regulating is slower than by pitch control, and the demands to the actuating systems are therefore lesser but the complexity is, however, substantially greater than by passive stall regulation.
  • spoilers on fixed wings are also known where the regulating occurs by a spoiler effect, usually sup- ported by complete or part stall of the wing.
  • the spoiler may typically be made as a rail disposed over the suction side of the wing, and which by extension gives increased air resistance and turbulence, and maybe also trips a real stall.
  • Such spoilers were used on the windmills erected in Denmark by F.L.Schmidt during Second World War.
  • Spoiler systems of this kind usually has the disadvantage that they imply mechanical parts far out on the wing.
  • spoilers disposed over the wing surface also when not actuated, normally have a certain continuous spoiler effect reducing the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing.
  • the external mounting may also give a considerable noise contribution.
  • Such spoilers are seen to be used, among others, on early wind mills of the Wind- Matic-type in Denmark. By being placed in a recess in the wing surface, this type of spoilers has the advantage that it does not to any significant degree reduce the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing when it is not extended.
  • Recessed spoilers usually have the disadvantage that they require special wing structures with recesses and hollows. Furthermore, normally they may be provided only with difficulty at the leading edge itself where the air forces are great but have to be disposed farther back at the suction side of the section. Here the operating conditions are better but in return the spoiler effect is more limited, and the spoiler therefore has to be of substantial size. Noise problems may exist at the partitioning faces between main wing and spoiler, and the effect may be uncertain under icing and by strong dirtying with dust etc. where extension and withdrawal may be impeded.
  • the purpose with the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for power regulation of wind mills with fixed wings reducing the disadvantages connected with the known methods. This purpose is achieved by using a method based on a flexible spoiler disposed at the leading edge of the wing, and which is actuated by filling with a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • This method has many advantages as compared with prior art systems.
  • the disadvantages usually connected with spoilers of prior art are avoided.
  • the spoiler By being mounted on the leading edge of the wing, the spoiler may achieve maximum effect when extended.
  • the spoiler By being mounted on the wing surface, the spoiler may dispense with the recesses and hollows normally connected with recessed spoilers. By not having parti- tioning faces between spoiler and main wing, the function of the spoiler is also ensured under icing and by strong dirtying by dust etc.
  • a special advantage by the method and the spoiler type comes from the mounting on the wing surface. This implies that the spoiler may be retrofitted so that the method of regulation may be applied to existing wind mills. Usually, this would not be possible by prior art type of spoilers, except maybe the original type which is mounted spaced above the wing surface.
  • a further advantage by the method is that the flexible spoiler, as a side gain, may be used for removing ice at the leading edge of the wing by inflating when the leading edge is covered by ice.
  • Figure 1 shows a wind mill wing with an external spoiler according to older prior art.
  • the wing section 1 is provided with a spoiler rail 2 carried by a row of fittings 3 with hinges 4.
  • the spoiler is shown in normal, deactivated position where no spoiler effect is desired.
  • Figure 2 shows the same spoiler in activated position where the spoiler is pivoted for maximum effect by mechanical means.
  • FIG. 3 shows a wind mill wing with a built-in spoiler according to newer prior art.
  • the wing section 5 is provided with a spoiler rail 6 disposed in a hollow 7 in the wing surface and which may be pivoted about a hinge 8.
  • the spoiler is shown in normal deactivated position where no spoiler effect is desired.
  • Figure 4 shows the same spoiler in activated position where the spoiler is pivoted for maximum effect by mechanical means.
  • FIG 5 shows a wind mill wing with a built-in flexible spoiler according to newer prior art.
  • the wing section 9 is provided with a hollow 10 covered by a flexible membrane 11.
  • the hollow 10 extends along a part of the length of the wing and is inwardly closed toward the wing root and outward toward the wing tip with valves not shown on the Figure.
  • the spoiler is shown in normal, deactivated position where no spoiler effect is desired.
  • Figure 6 shows the same spoiler in activated position where the spoiler membrane is inflated for maximum effect.
  • the activation normally occurs by opening the innermost valve and closing the outermost.
  • the inflation is then caused by the surpressure coming from the centrifugal force on the air column standing the hollow of the wing.
  • De- activation occurs by closing the innermost valve and opening the outermost.
  • Figure 7 shows the leading edge of a wind mill wing with a spoiler according to the invention.
  • the wing section 12 is provided with a flexible spoiler 13 extending along a part of the wing length.
  • the spoiler has a cross-section with a hollow 14.
  • the hollow 14 is partly closed outward toward the wing tip and is connected inward toward the wing root to a pressurised air system which may apply a greater or lesser pressure to the hollow of the spoiler.
  • the spoiler is shown in normal deactivated position where no spoiler effect is desired.
  • Figure 8 shows the same spoiler in activated position where the spoiler is inflated for maximum effect.
  • Activation usually takes place by applying pressure to the hollow of the spoiler.
  • the spoiler may be inflated steplessly, depending on the applied surpressure. Deactivation occurs by reducing the filling pressure.
  • the emptying is enhanced by the centrifugal effect on the air column standing in the hollow of the spoiler, pos- sibly supplemented by ejector effect from air flowing by at the outermost end of the spoiler.
  • Figure 9 shows the same kind of spoiler in activated position but where the hollow is moved farther back toward the suction side of the wing.
  • the stall effect is becom- ing more violent even by lesser angles of attack.
  • Figure 10 shows examples of cross-sections of spoiler according to the invention before the spoilers are mounted on the wing.
  • the spoilers may e.g. be extruded in EPDM Shore 45 whereby they may easily be mounted on leading edges with different curva- ture.
  • a normally preferred embodiment 15 may have uniform cross-section of the hollow.
  • Another preferred embodiment 16 may have a number of ribs 17 which maintains the shape of the hollow at possible underpressure from the suction effect under the centrifugal action but which gives good access for air for inflating anyway.
  • a third preferred embodiment 18 may have non-uniform cross-section of the hollow where one part 19 has great material thickness in the side expanding by inflation, while another part 20 has less material thickness.
  • the shape of the inflated spoiler may be adjusted for giving the most advantageous separation of the air flow.
  • the hollow may be divided into two or more parallel ducts which possibly may be inflated to different pressures.
  • the shape may be further differentiated as well as a larger part of the spoiler may be imparted a shape advantageous for separation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour réguler l'écoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'éolienne et un dispositif utilisé avec ce procédé. Le dispositif est constitué d'un spoiler comportant un creux. Le spoiler, que l'on fixe au bord d'attaque de la pale, peut prendre des formes différentes pour modifier l'écoulement de l'air autour de la pale. Lorsque le spoiler est désactivé, le flux d'air ne subit aucun changement sensible vu que le spoiler s'étend en continu et suit la forme de la pale. Lorsqu'il est activé, le flux d'air est modifié; le spoiler ne suit plus alors la forme de la pale et crée une solution de continuité ou, au moins, modifie la coupe transversale de la pale de manière à changer les conditions d'écoulement de l'air. Le changement de forme se fait au moyen d'un fluide tel que l'air comprimé ou l'huile hydraulique, alimentés dans le creux du spoiler. La modification de l'écoulement de l'air présente l'avantage de permettre de réguler la vitesse de rotation du rotor sur lequel sont montées les pales.
EP00934942A 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede Withdrawn EP1190175A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA199900802 1999-06-07
DK80299 1999-06-07
PCT/DK2000/000304 WO2000075508A1 (fr) 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1190175A1 true EP1190175A1 (fr) 2002-03-27

Family

ID=8097738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00934942A Withdrawn EP1190175A1 (fr) 1999-06-07 2000-06-06 Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1190175A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5061200A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000075508A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK174261B1 (da) 2000-09-29 2002-10-21 Bonus Energy As Anordning til brug ved regulering af luftstrømning omkring en vindmøllevinge
DE10109553B4 (de) 2001-02-28 2006-03-30 Wobben, Aloys, Dipl.-Ing. Luftdichteabhängige Leistungsregelung
NL1019315C2 (nl) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-07 Ngup Holding B V Overtrekstrip en windmolen voorzien daarvan.
AT503537A1 (de) * 2006-04-24 2007-11-15 Kummer Ursula Enteisungssystem für windkraftanlagen
WO2008131800A1 (fr) 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Pale d'éolienne
US9039372B2 (en) 2007-04-30 2015-05-26 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine blade
DK1995455T3 (en) * 2007-05-25 2017-02-20 Siemens Ag Activation system for a wind turbine wing flap
GB2459453B (en) * 2008-04-21 2011-06-08 Barry Robert Marshall Energy output limiter for wind turbine rotor(s)
EP2141357A1 (fr) 2008-07-03 2010-01-06 Dundalk Institute of Technology Pale d'éolienne
US8092172B2 (en) * 2009-11-05 2012-01-10 General Electric Company Method for operating a wind turbine with reduced blade fouling
GB2481416A (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-28 Vestas Wind Sys As Wind turbine blade de-icing system based on shell distortion
DE102013006166A1 (de) 2013-04-03 2014-10-09 Tembra Gmbh & Co. Kg Formvariable, fluidisch aktuierte Hinterkante an Rotorblättern
EP3667072A1 (fr) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-17 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Déflecteur adaptable pour une pale d'éolienne
EP3779185A1 (fr) * 2019-08-14 2021-02-17 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Procédé de détermination de paramètres de commande d'éoliennes mise en uvre par ordinateur

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918978A (en) * 1957-02-11 1959-12-29 United Aircraft Corp Variable contour propeller blades
DE3875640D1 (de) * 1987-03-14 1992-12-10 M T B Manoevriertechnisches Bu Von luft oder wasser umstroemter stroemungskoerper.
DE3913505A1 (de) * 1989-04-25 1989-11-16 Astrid Holzem Fluegel mit aerodynamischer bremse fuer windkraftmaschinen
US5673654A (en) * 1994-06-30 1997-10-07 Aalborg Marine Boilers A/S Marine boiler
DE19719221C1 (de) * 1997-05-07 1998-10-29 Roland Stelzer Rotorblatt, insbesondere für Windkraftanlagen
DE19815519A1 (de) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-07 Tacke Windenergie Gmbh Rotorblatt für eine Windkraftanlage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0075508A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5061200A (en) 2000-12-28
WO2000075508A1 (fr) 2000-12-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7419356B2 (en) Method for regulating a windmill, and an apparatus for the use of said method
EP1190175A1 (fr) Procede pour reguler l'ecoulement de l'air autour d'une pale d'eolienne et dispositif utilise avec ce procede
CA2634427C (fr) Systeme d'actionnement pour volet de pale d'eolienne
CN102459876B (zh) 风轮机转子叶片
EP2122164B1 (fr) Pale d'éolienne avec moyens de régulation de portance sous la forme de fentes ou de trous
JP4020783B2 (ja) 風力発電のための回転翼
US10968887B2 (en) Trailing edge assembly
US10677217B2 (en) Wind turbine and method of operating the same
US10018179B2 (en) Wind turbine blade
WO2011026495A2 (fr) Pale de rotor d'éolienne
WO2010000852A1 (fr) Aube d’éolienne
EP3673171B1 (fr) Pale de turbine éolienne et procédé de fabrication d'une telle pale
CN113167232B (zh) 抑制风力涡轮机中的振动
EP3667080A1 (fr) Régulation de flux de pale d'éolienne
WO2000017046A1 (fr) Procede destine a modifier l'angle d'attaque maximum d'un profil

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20011215

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Effective date: 20030218