EP1184839B1 - Conversion graphème-phonème - Google Patents

Conversion graphème-phonème Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1184839B1
EP1184839B1 EP01117869A EP01117869A EP1184839B1 EP 1184839 B1 EP1184839 B1 EP 1184839B1 EP 01117869 A EP01117869 A EP 01117869A EP 01117869 A EP01117869 A EP 01117869A EP 1184839 B1 EP1184839 B1 EP 1184839B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subwords
interface
word
grapheme
phonemes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01117869A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1184839A2 (fr
EP1184839A3 (fr
Inventor
Horst-Udo Hain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1184839A2 publication Critical patent/EP1184839A2/fr
Publication of EP1184839A3 publication Critical patent/EP1184839A3/fr
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Publication of EP1184839B1 publication Critical patent/EP1184839B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L13/00—Speech synthesis; Text to speech systems
    • G10L13/08—Text analysis or generation of parameters for speech synthesis out of text, e.g. grapheme to phoneme translation, prosody generation or stress or intonation determination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, a computer program product, a data carrier and a computer system for grapheme-phoneme conversion a word, not as a whole contained in a pronunciation dictionary.
  • Speech processing methods in general are, for example from US Pat. No. 6,029,135, US Pat. No. 5,732,388, DE 19636739 C1 and DE 19719381 C1 known.
  • a speech synthesis system is the Font-to-speech or grapheme-phoneme conversion to meaningful talking words. Error in Lutes, syllable boundaries and the word stress are directly audible, can lead to incomprehension and in the worst Fall even the sense of a statement twist.
  • Remedy can be a morphological decomposition in this case create.
  • a word that is not found in the dictionary becomes into its morphological components such as prefixes, strains and Suffixes decomposed, and these components are searched in the lexicon.
  • morphological decomposition is currently in progress long words problematic because the number of possible Decompositions with the word length increases. It also requires an excellent knowledge of the word formation grammar of a Language. Therefore, words that are not in a pronunciation dictionary be found with out-of-vocabulary procedures (OOV method), e.g. with neural networks, transcribed.
  • OOV method out-of-vocabulary procedures
  • results as the phonetic conversion of whole words with the help of a pronunciation dictionary.
  • the word can also be broken down into subwords.
  • the subwords can be created with the help of a pronunciation dictionary or an OOV procedure.
  • the found Partial transcriptions can be hung together. However, this leads to errors at the separation points between the Part transcriptions.
  • the object of the invention is the joining of To improve partial transcriptions. This task is done by a method, a computer program product, a data carrier and a computer system according to the independent claims.
  • the computer program understood as a tradable product, in what form always, e.g. on paper, on a computer-readable medium, distributed over a network, etc.
  • the transcriptions of the subwords are lined up one behind the other, where there is at least one interface between gives the transcriptions of the subwords.
  • the at least an interface bordering phonemes of the subwords be determined.
  • those graphemes of the subwords are determined, the ones bordering on the at least one interface Generate phonemes. This can be done by means of a lexicon this indicates by which grapheme these phonemes are generated were. How to create the lexicon is in Horst-Udo Hain: "Automation of the Training Procedures for Neural Networks Performing Multi-Lingual Grapheme to Phoneme Conversion ", Eurospeech 1999, pp. 2087-2090. Then the grapheme-phoneme conversion is determined Graphemes in context, that is, depending on the context, recalculated to the respective interface. This is only possible because it is clear which phoneme through which grapheme or which grapheme was generated.
  • a not insignificant advantage for a speech synthesis system The invention is the acceleration of the calculation. While Neural networks for the conversion of the 310000 words of a typical lexicon for the German language about 80 minutes this is done with the inventive approach in only 25 minutes.
  • the Grapheme-phoneme conversion of graphemes in the context of each Interface using a neural network new be calculated.
  • a pronunciation dictionary has the advantage that to deliver "correct" transcription. It fails, however, if unknown words occur.
  • Neural networks can provide a transcription for any given string, but may make significant mistakes.
  • the training The invention combines the security of the lexicon with the flexibility of neural networks.
  • the transcription of the subwords can be done in different ways take place, e.g. by means of an out-of-vocabulary treatment (OOV treatment).
  • OOV treatment out-of-vocabulary treatment
  • a fairly reliable way is to for the word in a database, the phonetic transcriptions contains words to search for subwords. When Transcription is then found for one found in the database Subword The phonetic recorded in the database Transcription selected. This leads to most words or Subtotals on useful results.
  • the word next to the found subword at least one has another ingredient that is not in the database
  • This can be done by means of an OOV treatment be phonetically transcribed.
  • the OOV treatment can be done by a statistical method, e.g. by means of a neural Network, or rule-based.
  • the word becomes part of a certain words Minimum length decomposed, so that the largest possible subwords found will be incurred and accordingly little rework.
  • Fig. 1 shows a grapheme-phoneme conversion of a word suitable computer system.
  • This includes a processor (processor, CPU) 20, a random access memory (RAM) 21, a program memory (program memory, ROM) 22, a hard disk controller (hard disc controller, HDC) 23, which is a hard disk (hard disk) 30 controls, and an interface controller (I / O controller) 24 on.
  • Processor 20, memory 21, program memory 22, hard disk controller 23 and interface controllers 24 are over a bus, the CPU bus 25, for exchanging data and commands with each other coupled.
  • the computer has an input / output bus (I / O bus) 26, the various input and output devices coupled with the interface controller 24.
  • To the Input and output devices include e.g. a general one Input and output interface (I / O interface) 27, a display device (display) 28, a keyboard 29 and a mouse 31.)
  • the ending ⁇ -ig> at the end of the syllable is pronounced like [IC], shown in the phonetic transcription SAMPA, ie as [I] (more relaxed short unrounded front vowel) followed by the first-person sound [C] (voiceless palatal fricative).
  • the prefix ⁇ -> is spoken like [Er], with an [E] (unstrained short unrounded half open front vowel, open "e”) and one [r] (central sonorant).
  • Remedy can be created here by using a neural Net computes the last sound of the left transcription. There But the question arises, which letters at the end of the Left transcription used to determine the last sound should be.
  • the result is correct phonetic transcription at this interface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Machine Translation (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de conversion graphème-phonème d'un mot qui n'est pas contenu en tant que tel dans un lexique de prononciation, lequel procédé comprend les étapes suivantes:
    a) le mot est décomposé en mots partiels,
    b) on exécute une conversion graphème-phonème des mots partiels,
    c) les transcriptions des mots partiels obtenues lors de la conversion sont rangées les unes derrière les autres et l'on obtient au moins une coupure entre les transcriptions des mots partiels,
    d) les phonèmes des mots partiels adjacents à l'au moins une coupure sont déterminés,
    e) à l'aide d'un lexique qui indique par quel graphème les phonèmes sont créés, on détermine les graphèmes des mots partiels qui créent les phonèmes adjacents à l'au moins une coupure,
    f) au moyen d'un réseau neural, la conversion graphème-phonème des graphèmes définis est recalculée en fonction du contexte de gauche et du contexte de droite de la coupure concernée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que pour un mot d'une banque de données qui contient les transcriptions phonétiques de mots, on cherche des mots partiels du mot et en ce que pour un mot partiel découvert dans la banque de données, on sélectionne la transcription phonétique référencée dans la banque de données.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que lorsque le mot partiel a été trouvé, le mot présente au moins un autre composant qui n'est pas référencé dans la banque de données et en ce que cet autre composant est transcrit phonétiquement au moyen d'un traitement par OOV.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le mot est décomposé en mots partiels d'une certaine longueur minimale.
  5. Produit de programme informatique qui peut être exécuté sur un ordinateur et qui exécute les étapes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  6. Produit de programme informatique qui est conservé en mémoire sur un support informatique et qui comprend des moyens de programme lisibles par ordinateur qui permettent à un ordinateur d'exécuter le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  7. Support de données sur lequel un programme informatique est conservé en mémoire et qui permet à un ordinateur d'exécuter après une opération de chargement le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  8. Système informatique doté de moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  9. Système informatique pour la conversion graphème-phonème d'un mot qui n'est pas contenu en tant que tel dans un lexique de prononciation, qui comprend:
    un dispositif de mémoire (22, 30) pour conserver en mémoire un programme informatique sur un support de mémoire,
    une unité de traitement (20) qui charge le programme informatique stocké sur le dispositif de mémoire et qui exécute le programme informatique,
    des moyens de décomposer le mot en mots partiels,
    des moyens pour ranger les uns derrière les autres les transcriptions des mots partiels, avec au moins une coupure entre les transcriptions des mots partiels,
    des moyens de détermination des phonèmes des mots partiels qui sont adjacents à l'au moins une coupure,
    des moyens qui, à l'aide d'un lexique qui indique par quels graphèmes les phonèmes sont créés, déterminent quels graphèmes des mots partiels créent les phonèmes adjacents à l'au moins une coupure,
    des moyens pour recalculer au moyen d'un réseau neural la conversion graphème-phonème des graphèmes définis, en fonction du contexte de gauche et du contexte de droite de chaque coupure, et
    des moyens pour ensuite écrire dans un deuxième dispositif de mémoire les phonèmes adjacents à la coupure et qui ont été recalculés.
EP01117869A 2000-08-31 2001-07-23 Conversion graphème-phonème Expired - Lifetime EP1184839B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10042944A DE10042944C2 (de) 2000-08-31 2000-08-31 Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung
DE10042944 2000-08-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1184839A2 EP1184839A2 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP1184839A3 EP1184839A3 (fr) 2003-02-05
EP1184839B1 true EP1184839B1 (fr) 2005-09-28

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US (1) US7107216B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1184839B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10042944C2 (fr)

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US7107216B2 (en) 2006-09-12
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US20020046025A1 (en) 2002-04-18
DE10042944C2 (de) 2003-03-13
DE10042944A1 (de) 2002-03-21

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