EP1183397A1 - Method and device for tapping molten metal from metallurgical vessels - Google Patents

Method and device for tapping molten metal from metallurgical vessels

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Publication number
EP1183397A1
EP1183397A1 EP00926821A EP00926821A EP1183397A1 EP 1183397 A1 EP1183397 A1 EP 1183397A1 EP 00926821 A EP00926821 A EP 00926821A EP 00926821 A EP00926821 A EP 00926821A EP 1183397 A1 EP1183397 A1 EP 1183397A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
gas
metallurgical
metallurgical melting
tapping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00926821A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1183397B1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Deppner
Wei-Ping Wu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
Original Assignee
SMS Demag AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Demag AG filed Critical SMS Demag AG
Publication of EP1183397A1 publication Critical patent/EP1183397A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1183397B1 publication Critical patent/EP1183397B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4693—Skull removal; Cleaning of the converter mouth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for tapping metal melts, preferably steel melts, from metallurgical melting vessels, such as electric arc furnaces, through a tap opening arranged in the bottom of the vessel, the metal melt being covered with slag melt at the time of tapping.
  • a vortex forms from the tap opening and runs obliquely to the vessel wall.
  • a hollow vortex ultimately develops, which also captures and swirls parts of the slag melt floating on the molten metal, so that the originally existing separation between molten metal and molten slag is no longer present and slag melt is discharged downwards together with the molten metal through the tap opening.
  • the oxidic slag conveyed into the melting pan with the molten metal in this way brings oxygen with it and leads, for example, to Increased consumption of aluminum for the required deoxidation, synthetic slag for the absorption of the oxides and calcium for the modification of the oxide inclusions.
  • the oxidation product alumina (Al 2 0 3 ) deteriorates the casting properties and the oxygen from the FeO in the slag furthermore makes desulphurization and degassing more difficult.
  • the slag melt can also come into direct contact with the tap opening. This slag run-on occurs when, when tilting back in the case of tiltable metallurgical vessels, for example in the case of electric arc furnaces, despite high Tilting speed, the slag melt flows back quickly beyond the metal melt.
  • the measure according to the invention of arranging at least one nozzle in the immediate vicinity of the tap opening, through which a neutral gas or a corresponding gas mixture is blown into the metallurgical melting vessel in a jet with high pulse energy removes the slag melt from the metal melt surface in the area of the tap opening (blown away) ). This ensures that, despite the formation of a vortex in the molten metal, slag tracking can no longer take place and slag tracking is also successfully prevented by this process by means of the correspondingly powerful gas jet.
  • the strength and the rate of injection of the gas jet is regulated by a valve station which is connected to a compressed gas container or a compressed gas generation system.
  • a gas or gas mixture is used which is neutral with respect to the further use and processing of the molten metal, such as a noble gas.
  • the valve station is connected to a measuring and control system by means of which the start time, the duration and the intensity of the gas injection are automatically monitored and regulated.
  • a measuring and control system by means of which the start time, the duration and the intensity of the gas injection are automatically monitored and regulated.
  • one or more nozzles are arranged in the area of the tap opening in such a way that complete removal of the slag layer from the metal surface is certainly achieved.
  • the size, shape, number and arrangement (in the side vessel wall and / or in the vessel lid, angle to the vessel bottom) of the nozzles are adapted to the size and design of the metallurgical vessel and the size of the bath surface, the nozzle outlet openings being above and / or below the Bath mirror can be.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial section of a metallurgical vessel in vertical section
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the device according to the invention.
  • a metallurgical vessel 5 is shown at the time of tapping.
  • This exemplary embodiment is a conventional electric arc furnace, the electrodes not being shown.
  • the left-hand oriel there is a tap opening 10 in the vessel bottom 13 through which the molten metal 2 flows into a melting pan 11 with a pouring jet 6 arranged below the metallurgical vessel 5.
  • the melting pan 11 is located on a pan carriage 8 or the weighing cells 7 arranged there, by means of which the amount of metal flowing into the melting pan 11 can be detected continuously.
  • the slag melt 1 floats above the molten metal 2, into which the vortex 4 generated by the tapping process extends almost to the bath level 15.
  • two nozzles 3 are arranged in the lateral vessel wall 12, the nozzle outlet openings 14 of which are directed here against the slag layer 1 from above and from below.
  • the gas supply lines 25 (FIG. 3), through which the nozzles 3 are acted upon by the gas to be injected, and also the valve station 16 (FIG. 3) and the measuring and control system 20 (FIG. 3) are not shown in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged section of the tapping part of the melting vessel 5, which is in a tilted position.
  • a nozzle 3 is arranged in the lateral vessel wall 12 almost parallel to the vessel bottom 13 and inclined slightly upwards.
  • the gas jet 9 pushes the slag melt 1 above the metal melt 2 back from the tap opening 10 to such an extent that the slag melt no longer comes into contact with the vortex 4 and slag entrainment or slag follow-up through the tap hole 10 cannot be done.
  • FIG 3 is shown in a block diagram, in which way Melting vessel 5 is functionally connected to the valve station 16 and the measuring and control system 20.
  • the measuring pulses obtained on the weighing cells 7 due to the pouring jet 6 flowing into the melting pan 11 and the measuring pulses (tilting position, melting bath height) recorded on the melting vessel 5 are fed into the measuring and control system 20 via the measuring lines 19, 22. From this measuring and control system 20, the control pulses required for controlling the compressed gas are then sent to the valve station 16 via the control line 21.
  • the pressurized gas from a pressurized gas container 18 and / or from a pressurized gas generation system 17 via the supply lines 23, 24 at the valve station 16 is then blown into the metallurgical melting vessel 5 via the gas supply 25 and controlled by the measuring and control system 20.
  • the invention is not limited to the metallurgical vessels (electric arc furnaces / EAF) shown in the drawing figures, but can also be used in other metallurgical vessels in which the tap opening is in the bottom of the vessel and in which there is a risk of slag running or running through the tap opening during of the racking.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

In order to impede entrainment or trailing of molten slag (1) while tapping molten metal (2) from a metallurgical vessel (5) having a tap hole (1) in the bottom (13) of said vessel, the molten slag (1) is blown away from the surface of the molten metal in the area of the tap hole (10) (2) by a gas jet (9) with high impulsive energy.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abstechen von Metallschmelzen aus metallurgischen SchmelzqefäßenMethod and device for tapping metal melts from metallurgical melting vessels
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Abstechen von Metallschmelzen, vorzugsweise Stahlschmelzen, aus metallurgischen Schmelzgefäßen, wie beispielsweise Elektrolichtbogenöfen, durch eine im Gefäßboden angeordnete Abstichöffnung, wobei zum Zeitpunkt des Abstichs die Metallschmelze mit Schlackenschmelze überschichtet ist.The invention relates to a method and a device for tapping metal melts, preferably steel melts, from metallurgical melting vessels, such as electric arc furnaces, through a tap opening arranged in the bottom of the vessel, the metal melt being covered with slag melt at the time of tapping.
Bei der Durchführung von thermischen metallurgischen Prozessen an Metallen oder deren Legierungen in einem metallurgischen Schmelzgefäß liegen nach Abschluss dieser Prozesse die Metalle in schmelzflüssiger Form vor, überschichtet mit schmelzflüssiger Schlacke. Um die Metallschmelze von der Schlackenschmelze abzutrennen, ist bei bekannten metallurgischen Schmelzgefäßen möglichst in einem Erkerteil im Gefäßboden eine Abstichöffnung angeordnet, durch die die Metallschmelze nach unten in eine Schmelzpfanne abgezogen werden kann.When thermal metallurgical processes are carried out on metals or their alloys in a metallurgical melting vessel, after the completion of these processes, the metals are in molten form, covered with molten slag. In order to separate the molten metal from the slag melt, a tap opening is arranged in known orbital metallurgical melting vessels in a bay part in the bottom of the vessel, through which the molten metal can be drawn down into a melting pan.
Mit fallendem Schmelzbadspiegel bildet sich von der Abstichöffnung ausgehend ein Wirbel (Vortex) aus, der schräg bis zur Gefäßwand verläuft. Bei weiter sinkendem Schmelzbadspiegel entsteht letztlich ein Hohlwirbel, der auch Teile der auf der Metallschmelze schwimmenden Schlackenschmelze erfasst und verwirbelt, so dass die ursprünglich vorhandene Trennung zwischen Metallschmelze und Schlackenschmelze nicht mehr gegeben ist und Schlackenschmelze gemeinsam mit der Metallschmelze durch die Abstichöffnung nach unten ausgetragen wird.As the molten pool level falls, a vortex forms from the tap opening and runs obliquely to the vessel wall. When the molten bath level continues to drop, a hollow vortex ultimately develops, which also captures and swirls parts of the slag melt floating on the molten metal, so that the originally existing separation between molten metal and molten slag is no longer present and slag melt is discharged downwards together with the molten metal through the tap opening.
Die mit der Metallschmelze auf diese Weise in die Schmelzpfanne geförderte oxidische Schlacke bringt Sauerstoff mit und führt beispielsweise zum Mehrverbrauch von Aluminium für die erforderliche Desoxidation, von synthetischer Schlacke für die Aufnahme der Oxide und Kalzium für die Modifikation der oxidischen Einschlüsse. Das Oxidationsprodukt Tonerde (Al203) verschlechtert die Gießeigenschaften und der Sauerstoff aus dem FeO in der Schlacke erschwert weiterhin die Entschwefelung und Entgasung.The oxidic slag conveyed into the melting pan with the molten metal in this way brings oxygen with it and leads, for example, to Increased consumption of aluminum for the required deoxidation, synthetic slag for the absorption of the oxides and calcium for the modification of the oxide inclusions. The oxidation product alumina (Al 2 0 3 ) deteriorates the casting properties and the oxygen from the FeO in the slag furthermore makes desulphurization and degassing more difficult.
Demgegenüber wird bei einem reduzierten Schlackengehalt in der Metallschmelze beispielsweise die "Clean Steel"-Behandlung einer Stahlschmelze in der Sekundär- Metallurgie deutlich begünstigt, was insbesondere für die Erzeugung von "Ultra-Low- Carbon"-Stählen für Flachprodukte eine wichtige Rolle spielt.In contrast, with a reduced slag content in the molten metal, for example, the "clean steel" treatment of a molten steel in secondary metallurgy is significantly favored, which plays an important role in particular for the production of "ultra-low carbon" steels for flat products.
Um den geschilderten Schlackenmitlauf beim Abstich der Metallschmelze zu reduzieren, sind verschiedene Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt geworden.Various methods and devices have become known in order to reduce the slag run described when tapping the molten metal.
Aus der DE 3327671 C2 ist bekannt, einen kegelförmig geformten Strömungsköφer (mit der Kegelspitze nach unten) von oben über eine Hubvorrichtung nach unten bis dicht oberhalb der Abstichöffnung abzusenken. Durch diese Maßnahme umströmt der Wirbel nun den Formköφer und ist dadurch so gebunden, dass eine Verwirbelung der Schlacke nicht mehr stattfindet. Auch dieses bekannte Verfahren stellt eine relativ teure und aufwendige Methode dar, da der Formkörper im Schmelzbad einem Verschleiß unterliegt und deshalb öfters ausgetauscht werden muss.From DE 3327671 C2 it is known to lower a cone-shaped flow body (with the cone tip down) from above via a lifting device down to just above the tap opening. As a result of this measure, the vortex now flows around the shaped body and is bound in such a way that the slag no longer swirls. This known method also represents a relatively expensive and complex method, since the molded body is subject to wear in the weld pool and therefore has to be replaced frequently.
In der DE 298 08 318 U1 wird schließlich vorgeschlagen, im Gefäßboden um die Abstichöffnung herum gasdurchlässige kegelstumpfförmige Spülsteine anzuordnen, durch die von unten ein Gas - entgegen der Fließrichtung der Metallschmelze - in die Metallschmelze eingeblasen wird. Durch diese Maßnahme soll der Ausbildung eines Wirbels oberhalb der Abstichöffnung begegnet werden.In DE 298 08 318 U1 it is finally proposed to arrange gas-permeable frustoconical flushing blocks in the bottom of the vessel around the tap opening, through which a gas is blown into the molten metal from below, contrary to the direction of flow of the molten metal. This measure is intended to counteract the formation of a vortex above the tap opening.
Neben dem beschriebenen Mitlauf der Schlackenschmelze infolge ihrer Verwirbelung mit der Metallschmelze kann es auch zu einem direkten Kontakt der Schlackenschmelze mit der Abstichöffnung kommen. Dieser Schlackennachlauf kommt dann zustande, wenn beim Zurückkippen bei kippbaren metallurgischen Gefäßen, beispielsweise beim Elektrolichtbogenöfen, trotz hoher Kippgeschwindigkeit die Schlackenschmelze über die Metallschmelze hinaus schnell zurückfließt.In addition to the described running of the slag melt as a result of its swirling with the metal melt, the slag melt can also come into direct contact with the tap opening. This slag run-on occurs when, when tilting back in the case of tiltable metallurgical vessels, for example in the case of electric arc furnaces, despite high Tilting speed, the slag melt flows back quickly beyond the metal melt.
Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Abstichsystem anzugeben, das den Schlackenmitlauf und auch den Schlackennachlauf mit einfachen Mitteln, ohne größeren apparativen Aufwand und ohne große Betriebskosten betriebssicher reduziert.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a tapping system which reliably reduces the slag idling and also the slag lag using simple means, without major expenditure on equipment and without great operating costs.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird bei metallurgischen Gefäßen mit im Gefäßboden angeordneter Abstichöffnung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The stated object is achieved in metallurgical vessels with a tap opening arranged in the vessel bottom with the characterizing features of claim 1.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme, in unmittelbarer Nähe der Abstichöffnung mindestens eine Düse anzuordnen, durch die ein neutrales Gas oder eine entsprechende Gasmischung in einem Strahl mit hoher Impulsenergie in das metallurgische Schmelzgefäß eingeblasen wird, wird im Bereich der Abstichöffnung die Schlackenschmelze von der Metallschmelzoberfläche entfernt (weggeblasen). Damit ist gewährleistet, dass trotz Ausbildung eines Wirbels in der Metallschmelze ein Schlackenmitlauf nicht mehr erfolgen kann und auch der Schlackennachlauf durch dieses Verfahren durch den entsprechend energiestarken Gasstrahl mit Erfolg verhindert wird.The measure according to the invention of arranging at least one nozzle in the immediate vicinity of the tap opening, through which a neutral gas or a corresponding gas mixture is blown into the metallurgical melting vessel in a jet with high pulse energy, removes the slag melt from the metal melt surface in the area of the tap opening (blown away) ). This ensures that, despite the formation of a vortex in the molten metal, slag tracking can no longer take place and slag tracking is also successfully prevented by this process by means of the correspondingly powerful gas jet.
Geregelt wird die Stärke und die Einblasrate des Gasstrahls durch eine Ventilstation, die mit einem Druckgasbehälter oder einer Druckgaserzeugungsanlage in Verbindung steht.The strength and the rate of injection of the gas jet is regulated by a valve station which is connected to a compressed gas container or a compressed gas generation system.
Damit durch das Gaseinblasen mit dem Gas keine unerwünschten Bestandteile, wie beispielsweise Sauerstoff in die Metallschmelze gelangen, wird ein solches Gas oder Gasgemisch verwendet, das sich in Bezug auf die weitere Verwendung und Bearbeitung der Metallschmelze neutral verhält, wie beispielsweise ein Edelgas.So that no undesired constituents, such as oxygen, for example, get into the molten metal due to the gas blowing in with the gas, a gas or gas mixture is used which is neutral with respect to the further use and processing of the molten metal, such as a noble gas.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Ventilstation mit einem Mess- und Regelsystem verbunden, durch das der Startzeitpunkt, die Dauer und die Intensität des Gaseinblasens automatisch überwacht und geregelt wird. Als Messgrößen für diese automatische Regelung können durch entsprechende MessgeräteAccording to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the valve station is connected to a measuring and control system by means of which the start time, the duration and the intensity of the gas injection are automatically monitored and regulated. As Measured variables for this automatic control can be made using appropriate measuring devices
- die Höhe des Schmelzbadspiegels im metallurgischen Schmelzgefäß,- the level of the molten bath level in the metallurgical melting vessel,
- der Kippwinkel und die Kippgeschwindigkeit des metallurgischen Schmelzgefäßes,- the tilt angle and the tilt speed of the metallurgical melting vessel,
- das Abstichgewicht der Metallschmelze in der Schmelzpfanne- the tapping weight of the molten metal in the melting pan
verwendet werden. Auf diese Weise kann mit hoher Betriebssicherheit ein optimales Gaseinblasen an die jeweilige Prozesssituation während des Abstichvorgangs angepasst werden.be used. In this way, optimal gas injection can be adapted to the respective process situation during the tapping process with high operational reliability.
Je nach dem Ort der Abstichöffnung sind eine oder mehrere Düsen im Bereich der Abstichöffnung so angeordnet, dass mit Sicherheit ein vollständiges Abblasen der Schlackenschicht von der Metalloberfläche erreicht wird.Depending on the location of the tap opening, one or more nozzles are arranged in the area of the tap opening in such a way that complete removal of the slag layer from the metal surface is certainly achieved.
Die Größe, Form, Anzahl und Anordnung (in der seitlichen Gefäßwand und/oder im Gefäßdeckel, Winkel zum Gefäßboden) der Düsen sind der Größe und Bauart des metallurgischen Gefäßes sowie der Größe der Badoberfläche angepasst, wobei sich die Düsenaustrittsöffnungen oberhalb und/oder unterhalb des Badspiegels befinden können.The size, shape, number and arrangement (in the side vessel wall and / or in the vessel lid, angle to the vessel bottom) of the nozzles are adapted to the size and design of the metallurgical vessel and the size of the bath surface, the nozzle outlet openings being above and / or below the Bath mirror can be.
Weitere Vorteile, Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von in schematischen Zeichnungsfiguren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.Further advantages, details and features of the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in schematic drawing figures.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein metallurgisches Gefäß,1 is a vertical section through a metallurgical vessel,
Fig. 2 ein Teilausschnitt eines metallurgischen Gefäßes im Vertikalschnitt,Fig. 2 is a partial section of a metallurgical vessel in vertical section,
Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild zur erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the device according to the invention.
In Figur 1 ist ein metallurgisches Gefäß 5 zum Zeitpunkt des Abstichs dargestellt. Es handelt sich bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel um einen konventionellen Elektrolichtbogenöfen, wobei die Elektroden nicht eingezeichnet sind. Im linken Erker befindet sich im Gefäßboden 13 eine Abstichöffnung 10, durch die Metallschmelze 2 in eine unterhalb des metallurgischen Gefäßes 5 angeordnete Schmelzpfanne 11 mit Gießstrahl 6 einfließt. Die Schmelzpfanne 11 befindet sich auf einem Pfannenwagen 8 bzw. den dort angeordneten Wiegezellen 7, durch die kontinuierlich die in die Schmelzpfanne 11 einfließende Metallmenge erfasst werden kann. Oberhalb der Metallschmelze 2 schwimmt die Schlackenschmelze 1 , in die der durch den Abstichvorgang erzeugte Wirbel 4 bis fast zum Badspiegel 15 hineinreicht.In Figure 1, a metallurgical vessel 5 is shown at the time of tapping. This exemplary embodiment is a conventional electric arc furnace, the electrodes not being shown. In the left-hand oriel, there is a tap opening 10 in the vessel bottom 13 through which the molten metal 2 flows into a melting pan 11 with a pouring jet 6 arranged below the metallurgical vessel 5. The melting pan 11 is located on a pan carriage 8 or the weighing cells 7 arranged there, by means of which the amount of metal flowing into the melting pan 11 can be detected continuously. The slag melt 1 floats above the molten metal 2, into which the vortex 4 generated by the tapping process extends almost to the bath level 15.
In unmittelbarer Nähe der Abstichöffnung 10 sind in der seitlichen Gefäßwand 12 zwei Düsen 3 angeordnet, deren Düsenaustrittsöffnungen 14 hier von oben und von unten gegen die Schlackenschicht 1 gerichtet sind. Nicht eingezeichnet sind in Fig. 1 die Gaszuführungsleitungen 25 (Fig. 3), durch die die Düsen 3 mit dem einzublasenden Gas beaufschlagt werden und auch die Ventilstation 16 (Fig. 3) sowie das Mess- und Regelsystem 20 (Fig. 3).In the immediate vicinity of the tap opening 10, two nozzles 3 are arranged in the lateral vessel wall 12, the nozzle outlet openings 14 of which are directed here against the slag layer 1 from above and from below. The gas supply lines 25 (FIG. 3), through which the nozzles 3 are acted upon by the gas to be injected, and also the valve station 16 (FIG. 3) and the measuring and control system 20 (FIG. 3) are not shown in FIG. 1.
Figur 2 zeigt in einem vergrößerten Ausschnitt den Abstichteil des Schmelzgefäßes 5, das sich in einer gekippten Stellung befindet. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Düse 3 in der seitlichen Gefäßwand 12 fast parallel zum Gefäßboden 13 und leicht nach oben geneigt angeordnet. Wie in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellt, wird durch den Gasstrahl 9 die Schlackenschmelze 1 oberhalb der Metallschmelze 2 so weit von der Abstichöffnung 10 zurückgedrängt, dass die Schlackenschmelze mit dem Wirbel 4 nicht mehr in Kontakt geraten und ein Schlackenmitlauf bzw. Schlackennachlauf durch die Abstichöffnung 10 nicht erfolgen kann.Figure 2 shows an enlarged section of the tapping part of the melting vessel 5, which is in a tilted position. In this exemplary embodiment, a nozzle 3 is arranged in the lateral vessel wall 12 almost parallel to the vessel bottom 13 and inclined slightly upwards. As shown schematically in FIG. 2, the gas jet 9 pushes the slag melt 1 above the metal melt 2 back from the tap opening 10 to such an extent that the slag melt no longer comes into contact with the vortex 4 and slag entrainment or slag follow-up through the tap hole 10 cannot be done.
In Figur 3 ist in einem Blockschaltbild dargestellt, in welcher Weise das Schmelzgefäß 5 mit der Ventilstation 16 und dem Mess- und Regelsystem 20 funktional verbunden ist. Die an den Wiegezellen 7 auf Grund des in die Schmelzpfanne 11 einfließenden Gießstrahls 6 erhaltenen Messimpulse und die am Schmelzgefäß 5 erfassten Messimpulse (Kippstellung, Schmelzbadhöhe) werden über die Messleitungen 19, 22 in das Mess- und Regelsystem 20 eingespeist. Aus diesem Mess- und Regelsystem 20 werden dann über die Steuerleitung 21 die für die Steuerung des Druckgases erforderlichen Steuerimpulse an die Ventilstation 16 gegeben. Das aus einem Druckgasbehälter 18 und/oder aus einer Druckgaserzeugungsanlage 17 über die Versorgungsleitungen 23, 24 an der Ventilstation 16 anstehende Druckgas wird dann - von der Ventilstation 16 gesteuert mittels Mess- und Regelsystem 20 - über die Gaszuführung 25 in das metallurgische Schmelzgefäß 5 eingeblasen.In Figure 3 is shown in a block diagram, in which way Melting vessel 5 is functionally connected to the valve station 16 and the measuring and control system 20. The measuring pulses obtained on the weighing cells 7 due to the pouring jet 6 flowing into the melting pan 11 and the measuring pulses (tilting position, melting bath height) recorded on the melting vessel 5 are fed into the measuring and control system 20 via the measuring lines 19, 22. From this measuring and control system 20, the control pulses required for controlling the compressed gas are then sent to the valve station 16 via the control line 21. The pressurized gas from a pressurized gas container 18 and / or from a pressurized gas generation system 17 via the supply lines 23, 24 at the valve station 16 is then blown into the metallurgical melting vessel 5 via the gas supply 25 and controlled by the measuring and control system 20.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die in den Zeichnungsfiguren dargestellten metallurgischen Gefäße (Elektrolichtbogenöfen /EAF) beschränkt, sondern auch bei anderen metallurgischen Gefäßen anwendbar, bei denen die Abstichöffnung sich im Gefäßboden befindet und bei denen die Gefahr eines Schlackenmitlaufs bzw. - nachlaufs durch die Abstichöffnung während des Abstichs besteht. The invention is not limited to the metallurgical vessels (electric arc furnaces / EAF) shown in the drawing figures, but can also be used in other metallurgical vessels in which the tap opening is in the bottom of the vessel and in which there is a risk of slag running or running through the tap opening during of the racking.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zum Abstechen von Metallschmelzen, vorzugsweise von Stahlschmelzen, aus metallurgischen Schmelzgefäßen wie beispielsweise Elektrolichtbogenöfen, durch eine im Gefäßboden angeordnete Abstichöffnung, wobei zum Zeitpunkt des Abstichs die Metallschmelze mit Schlackenschmelze überschichtet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Abstichs im Bereich der Abstichöffnung (10) durch mindestens einen Gasstrahl (9), der durch mindestens eine Düse (3) mit hoher Impulsenergie in das metallurgische Schmelzgefäß (5) eingeblasen wird, die Schlackenschmelze (1) von der Oberfläche der Metallschmelze (2) entfernt (weggeblasen) wird.1.Procedure for tapping metal melts, preferably steel melts, from metallurgical melting vessels such as electric arc furnaces, through a tap opening arranged in the bottom of the vessel, the metal melt being covered with slag melt at the time of tapping, characterized in that during tapping in the area of the tap opening ( 10) by means of at least one gas jet (9) which is blown into the metallurgical melting vessel (5) with at least one nozzle (3) with high pulse energy, the slag melt (1) is removed (blown away) from the surface of the metal melt (2).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stärke und die Einblasrate des Gasstrahls (9) durch eine Ventilstation (16) geregelt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the strength and the blow-in rate of the gas jet (9) is regulated by a valve station (16).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch ein Mess- und Regelsystem (20) der Startzeitpunkt, die Dauer und die Intensität des Gaseinblasens automatisch überwacht und geregelt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the starting time, the duration and the intensity of the gas injection is automatically monitored and controlled by a measuring and control system (20).
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur automatischen Regelung des Gaseinblasens durch das Mess- und Regelsystem (20) mindestens einer der Parameter, nämlich die Höhe des Schmelzbadspiegels (15) im metallurgischen Schmelzgefäß (5), Kippwinkel und Kippgeschwindigkeit des Schmelzgefäßes (5) und/oder Abstichgewicht der Metallschmelze (2) in der Schmelzpfanne (11) verwendet wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that for the automatic control of the gas injection by the measuring and control system (20) at least one of the parameters, namely the height of the molten bath level (15) in the metallurgical melting vessel (5), tilt angle and tilting speed of the melting vessel (5) and / or tapping weight of the molten metal (2) is used in the melting pan (11).
5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Einblasen ein neutrales Gas oder ein Gasgemisch, beispielsweise ein Edelgas, verwendet wird, das die weitere Bearbeitung und Verwendung der Metallschmelze (2) nicht negativ beeinflusst.5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a neutral gas or a gas mixture, for example a noble gas, is used for blowing, which does not adversely affect the further processing and use of the molten metal (2).
6. Metallurgisches Schmelzgefäß (5) mit einer im Gefäßboden (13) angeordneten Abstichöffnung (10), zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens eine im Bereich der Abstichöffnung (10) durch die seitliche Gefäßwand (12) und/oder durch den Gefäßdeckel geführte Düse (3).6. Metallurgical melting vessel (5) with a tap opening (10) arranged in the vessel bottom (13) for carrying out the method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one nozzle (3) guided in the region of the tap opening (10) through the lateral vessel wall (12) and / or through the vessel lid.
7. Metallurgisches Schmelzgefäß (5) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenaustrittsöffnung (14) oberhalb und/oder unterhalb des Badspiegels (15) angeordnet ist.7. Metallurgical melting vessel (5) according to claim 6, characterized in that the nozzle outlet opening (14) above and / or below the bath level (15) is arranged.
8. Metallurgisches Schmelzgefäß (5) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Größe, Form, Anzahl und Anordnung der Düsen (3) entsprechend der Größe der Badoberfläche ausgelegt sind.8. Metallurgical melting vessel (5) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the size, shape, number and arrangement of the nozzles (3) are designed according to the size of the bath surface.
9. Metallurgisches Schmelzgefäß (5) nach Anspruch 6, 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsen (3) über eine Ventilstation (16) mit einer Druckgaserzeugungsvorrichtung (17) und/oder einem Druckgasbehälter (18) verbunden sind.9. Metallurgical melting vessel (5) according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the nozzles (3) via a valve station (16) with a compressed gas generating device (17) and / or a compressed gas container (18) are connected.
10. Metallurgisches Schmelzgefäß (5) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventilstation (16) mit einem Mess- und Regelsystem (20) verbunden ist. 10. Metallurgical melting vessel (5) according to claim 9, characterized in that the valve station (16) is connected to a measuring and control system (20).
EP00926821A 1999-04-10 2000-04-06 Method and device for tapping molten metal from metallurgical vessels Expired - Lifetime EP1183397B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19916232 1999-04-10
DE19916232A DE19916232A1 (en) 1999-04-10 1999-04-10 Method and device for tapping metal melts from metallurgical melting vessels
PCT/EP2000/003064 WO2000061823A1 (en) 1999-04-10 2000-04-06 Method and device for tapping molten metal from metallurgical vessels

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AT (1) ATE230802T1 (en)
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DE10014712A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-09-27 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for slag-free pouring of metal melts from metallurgical melting vessels
DE10117181C1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-31 Georgsmarienhuette Gmbh Method and device for preventing slag from flowing along when tapping a molten steel
EP2803927A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Metallurgical furnace vessel and method for operating the same
KR101918360B1 (en) 2016-11-25 2018-11-13 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Mold support device for uniform vitrified form and forming method uniform vitrified form using in the same
CN112091206B (en) * 2019-05-31 2021-07-16 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Safe and reliable molten iron pretreatment automatic slag skimming method and system

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DE3743575A1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1989-07-13 Krupp Gmbh METHOD FOR TAKING A METAL MELT AND METALLURGICAL TUBE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
US5203909A (en) * 1991-10-15 1993-04-20 Ltv Steel Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for slag free casting
JPH0857599A (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-03-05 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Method and device for removing slag in tundish and continuous casting apparatus
JPH10176212A (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-30 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for preventing flow-out of slag at the time of discharging molten steel

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MXPA01010238A (en) 2002-05-06
ATE230802T1 (en) 2003-01-15
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CA2366193A1 (en) 2000-10-19
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TR200102932T2 (en) 2002-05-21
JP2002541329A (en) 2002-12-03

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