EP0407535B1 - Metallurgical vessel and arrangement of the same - Google Patents

Metallurgical vessel and arrangement of the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0407535B1
EP0407535B1 EP90901721A EP90901721A EP0407535B1 EP 0407535 B1 EP0407535 B1 EP 0407535B1 EP 90901721 A EP90901721 A EP 90901721A EP 90901721 A EP90901721 A EP 90901721A EP 0407535 B1 EP0407535 B1 EP 0407535B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
vessel
purging
bath surface
vessel according
metallurgical
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EP90901721A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0407535A1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Hödl
Josef Horak
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Veitsch Radex GmbH and Co OG
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Veitsch Radex GmbH and Co OG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metallurgical vessel, which can assume several working positions by rotating about a horizontal axis, with at least two flushing elements for gases or gas / solid mixtures arranged in the vessel wall and an arrangement of the vessel.
  • Such metallurgical vessels are known from LU-A-66 600 and DE 25 05 725 A1. Blow-in openings are arranged either exclusively below or exclusively above the molten metal in order to inject treatment gases into the vessel.
  • flushing injection elements which are also referred to as flushing injection elements or nozzles
  • flushing injection elements which are also referred to as flushing injection elements or nozzles
  • a flushing gas that acts as a blowing agent
  • each additional vessel means heat losses in the production of the steel and an extension of the production time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a metallurgical vessel for treating steel, in which the steel can be subjected to as many treatment steps as possible.
  • a metallurgical vessel with the features of claim 1 is provided for carrying out different secondary metallurgical process steps.
  • the rinsing element which is attached in an area of the vessel wall that lies above the bath surface in a working position of the vessel, can be made inactive. In operation, the procedure is such that these sensitive rinsing elements only come under the bath surface during their operation. The injected medium then simultaneously serves to cool these components. In the working position in which these rinsing elements lie above the bathroom surface, these elements can be deactivated.
  • the rinsing elements are attached in areas of the vessel wall that enclose an angle of approximately 90 °. Optimal efficiency of gas flushing is achieved when the gas is blown into the melt from the lowest point of the vessel becomes. In order to achieve this for different positions of the vessel, it has turned out to be most favorable to attach the various (groups of) flushing elements (s) to vessel walls which enclose approximately a right angle.
  • Vessel wall is always understood here to mean the entire boundary of the metallurgical vessel, including the bottom and side walls.
  • the vessel is essentially cylindrical and if it has a working position with a horizontal axis and a working position with a vertical axis. This enables a very simple construction of the vessel to be achieved. In this way, the processes taking place in the interior of the vessel can also be best determined by mathematical models. The mechanical loads on the vessel can also be best managed in this way.
  • This flushing element can be designed as a concentric annular gap nozzle.
  • Concentric annular gap nozzles in particular are sensitive components that will be destroyed by the weld pool if no special measures are taken. In principle, it is possible to cool such nozzles with water, but this has the disadvantage that it removes heat from the weld pool, which has a negative effect on the quality of the steel produced.
  • these annular gap nozzles are brought under the bath surface only if solids are to be injected into the bath by means of a carrier gas, they are sufficiently cooled by the carrier gas. All other process steps are carried out in a position of the vessel in which these annular gap nozzles are located above the bath surface.
  • the ratio of diameter to height of the vessel is between 0.5 and 3, preferably between 1 and 2. In experiments, these values have proven to be advantageous for the slenderness of the vessel.
  • the vessel is designed as an essentially cylindrical vessel which is arranged pivotably about an axis parallel to the cylinder axis. In this way, several flushing elements can be distributed over the length of the vessel, thereby reliably avoiding dead corners.
  • the vessel can be designed as a pan for secondary metallurgical process steps for the production of steel and then has a spout with a slide closure.
  • an additional heater with electrodes for generating arcs is provided.
  • the electrodes are inserted through the opening of the vessel from above.
  • three three-phase electrodes are used, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle.
  • the electrodes can also be arranged in a row. It is also possible to use several groups of three electrodes. These measures make it easy to set an optimal temperature profile even during longer treatment steps.
  • the invention also relates to an arrangement of the vessel described above in a vacuum bell.
  • This arrangement is characterized in that the walls of the vacuum bell are arranged outside the pivoting range of the vessel. It is sometimes beneficial to have process steps in steel making under reduced pressure. If the vessel according to the invention is arranged in a vacuum bell so that all working positions are possible, a particularly large area of use is covered.
  • the essentially cylindrical vessel 1 is equipped on its outer surface with an annular gap nozzle 2 for injecting solids by means of a carrier gas.
  • a sink 3 is provided, through which a gas 8 can be blown.
  • a spout 4 provided with a slide closure is arranged in the bottom 7.
  • the vessel 1 is rotatably supported about a horizontal axis 5.
  • the vessel 1 has a steel jacket 10 in the usual way and is equipped on the inside with a plurality of lining layers 11, 12. In the standing position of the vessel 1 shown in FIG. 1, the bath surface 6a is located below the annular gap nozzle 2.
  • the bath surface 6b is below the axis 5.
  • a gas-solid suspension 9 can be blown into the bath through the annular gap nozzle 2. If necessary, it can also be rinsed through the sink 3.
  • the sink 3 and the spout 4 can, in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, be arranged reversed in terms of their position.
  • a substantially spherical vacuum bell 13 is provided, the diameter of which is larger than the greatest longitudinal extent of the vessel 1.
  • the vessel 1 is suspended in such a way that the axis 5 is approximately through the center of the ball runs.
  • a loading opening 14, a discharge opening 15 and a suction nozzle 16 are provided in the bell.
  • the secondary metallurgical process can, for example, proceed as follows when using the vessel according to the invention:
  • the vessel 1 In the standing position (FIG. 1), the vessel 1 is filled with the liquid charge and already subjected to, for example, a flushing process, for which purpose a flushing gas is introduced through a flushing element 3.
  • the vessel is then brought into a lying position (FIG. 2).
  • the annular gap nozzle 2 previously located above the bath surface 6a dips below the bath surface 6b and fine adjustments can be made to the metal bath, e.g. Injecting granules or flushing in other solids while adding detergent for homogenization.
  • the vessel 1 is raised again for emptying via the spout 4.
  • this vessel lies in the arrangement of the annular gap nozzle 2 in such a way that it lies outside the metal bath when not in use and can be used again and again. If necessary, it can be cooled by a gaseous medium in a manner which is practically easy to carry out, without having a significant influence on the metal bath.
  • a cylindrical vessel is shown in three working positions.
  • the vessel is rotatably supported about an axis 18 parallel to the vessel axis 17.
  • the loading opening 19 is directed upwards.
  • the spout 4 is then at the lowest point of the vessel; a group of nozzles 20 is arranged so that they are also in this position at about the lowest point of the vessel.
  • This group of nozzles 20 is located in all working positions of the vessel below the bath surface 22a, 22b and 22c.
  • this nozzle group 20 has an optimal position for carrying out flushing processes, since the gas can flow in centrally at the lowest point.
  • operations can also be carried out by means of the nozzles 20.
  • Another group of nozzles 21 is arranged laterally in the vessel wall, so that it is located above the bath surface 22a and 22b in the positions shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b. Only in the position shown in FIG. 4c are these nozzles below the bath surface 22c, so that rinsing processes can then be carried out or solids can be injected.
  • the vessel shown in FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c essentially corresponds to the vessel of FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c with the exception of the arrangement of the nozzle groups 23 and 24.
  • the two nozzle groups 23 and 24 are symmetrical in the lower lateral areas of the vessel wall appropriate.
  • both nozzle groups 23 and 24 lie below the bath surface 22a.
  • the nozzle group 24 lies above the bath surface 22b and in the working position shown in FIG. 5c, the nozzle group 23 lies above the bath surface 22c.
  • FIG. 5a the vessel of FIG. 5a is shown, electrodes 25 being inserted through the feed opening 19. As is known, these electrodes are suspended in a holder 26 and connected to a power supply device 27. The three three-phase electrodes 25 are arranged in a row in the elongated vessel.
  • the electrode groups 28, 29 are each arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

A metallurgical vessel (1) with several groups of flushing fluid injection elements (2, 3) arranged in the walls of the vessel can be rotated about a horizontal axis (5) into several operating positions. Different, preferably secondary metallurgical processing steps such as flushing or injection of solids can be carried out by means of two different groups of different flushing fluid injection elements (2, 3) at least one of which is located below the bath surface (6) in each operating position of the vessel (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein metallurgisches Gefäß, das durch Drehung um eine waagerechte Achse mehrere Arbeitsstellungen einnehmen kann, mit mindestens zwei, in der Gefäßwandung angeordneten Spülelementen für Gase oder Gas-/Feststoffgemische sowie eine Anordnung des Gefäßes.The invention relates to a metallurgical vessel, which can assume several working positions by rotating about a horizontal axis, with at least two flushing elements for gases or gas / solid mixtures arranged in the vessel wall and an arrangement of the vessel.

Aus der LU-A-66 600 sowie der DE 25 05 725 A1 sind derartige metallurgische Gefäße bekannt. Einblasöffnungen sind entweder ausschließlich unterhalb oder ausschließlich oberhalb der Metallschmelze angeordnet, um Behandlungsgase in das Gefäß einzudüsen.Such metallurgical vessels are known from LU-A-66 600 and DE 25 05 725 A1. Blow-in openings are arranged either exclusively below or exclusively above the molten metal in order to inject treatment gases into the vessel.

Die Anforderungen an die Spülelemente, die auch als Spül-Injektionselemente oder Düsen bezeichnet werden, sind sehr unterschiedlich. So sind für manche Behandlungsschritte, wie z.B. das Eindüsen von Feststoffen mit einem als Treibmittel wirkenden Spülgas, eigene Gefäße erforderlich, da die dazu verwendeten Düsen nur kurz und während ihres Betriebes unter der Badoberfläche liegen dürfen. Gerade im Bereich der Sekundärmetallurgie ist es jedoch wünschenswert, die verschiedenen Arbeitsschritte in einer möglichst geringen Zahl von Reaktionsgefäßen ausführen zu können. Jedes zusätzliche Gefäß bedeutet neben dem erforderlichen Investitions- und Betriebsaufwand Wärmeverluste bei der Erzeugung des Stahls und eine Verlängerung der Produktionszeit.The requirements for the flushing elements, which are also referred to as flushing injection elements or nozzles, are very different. For some treatment steps, such as the injection of solids with a flushing gas that acts as a blowing agent, separate vessels are required, since the nozzles used for this purpose may only be below the bath surface for a short period of time. Especially in the field of secondary metallurgy, however, it is desirable that to be able to carry out various work steps in the smallest possible number of reaction vessels. In addition to the necessary investment and operating costs, each additional vessel means heat losses in the production of the steel and an extension of the production time.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein metallurgisches Gefäß zur Behandlung von Stahl zu schaffen, in dem der Stahl möglichst vielen Behandlungsschritten unterzogen werden kann.The object of the present invention is to provide a metallurgical vessel for treating steel, in which the steel can be subjected to as many treatment steps as possible.

Erfindungsgemäß ist zur Durchführung unterschiedlicher sekundärmetallurgischer Verfahrensschritte ein metallurgisches Gefäß mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 vorgesehen.According to the invention, a metallurgical vessel with the features of claim 1 is provided for carrying out different secondary metallurgical process steps.

Es liegt also in allen Arbeitsstellungen und bei normaler Füllung des Gefäßes stets ein Spülelement unterhalb der Badoberfläche. Dadurch können jederzeit die verschiedenen zur Herstellung des Stahles erforderlichen Spülvorgänge durchgeführt werden. Solche Spülvorgänge sind beispielsweise zur Homogenisierung des Gefäßinhalts vorgesehen. Auch während der Zugabe von Schlackenbildnern oder Desoxidationsmitteln zur Feinentschwefelung sowie zur Desoxidation wird durch gleichzeitige Spülmittelzugabe eine Turbulenz im Bad erzeugt, wodurch der Reaktionsumsatz wesentlich verbessert wird. Weiters kann auch ein Entgasungsspülen vorgesehen sein. Neben diesem Spülelement ist mindestens ein weiteres Spülelementen von unterschiedlichem Aufbau vorgesehen, das beispielsweise zum Eindüsen von Feststoffen ausgelegt sind.So there is always a rinsing element below the bath surface in all working positions and with normal filling of the vessel. As a result, the various rinsing processes required to produce the steel can be carried out at any time. Such rinsing processes are provided, for example, for homogenizing the contents of the vessel. During the addition of slag formers or deoxidizers for fine desulfurization and for deoxidation, turbulence is generated in the bath by adding detergent at the same time, which significantly improves the reaction conversion. Degassing rinsing can also be provided. In addition to this flushing element, at least one further flushing element of different construction is provided, which is designed, for example, for injecting solids.

Das Spülelement, das in einem Bereich der Gefäßwandung angebracht ist, der in einer Arbeitsstellung des Gefäßes über der Badoberfläche liegt, kann inaktiv stellbar ausgebildet sein. Beim Betrieb wird so vorgegangen, daß diese empfindlichen Spülelemente nur während ihres Betriebes unter die Badoberfläche zu liegen kommen. Das eingedüste Medium dient dann gleichzeitig zur Kühlung dieser Bauteile. In derjenigen Arbeitsstellung, in der diese Spülelemente oberhalb der Badoberfläche liegt, können diese Elemente inaktiviert werden.The rinsing element, which is attached in an area of the vessel wall that lies above the bath surface in a working position of the vessel, can be made inactive. In operation, the procedure is such that these sensitive rinsing elements only come under the bath surface during their operation. The injected medium then simultaneously serves to cool these components. In the working position in which these rinsing elements lie above the bathroom surface, these elements can be deactivated.

Günstig ist, wenn die Spülelemente in Bereichen der Gefäßwandung angebracht sind, die einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschließen. Ein optimaler Wirkungsgrad von Gasspülungen wird erreicht, wenn das Gas vom tiefsten Punkt des Gefäßes aus in die Schmelze geblasen wird. Um dies für verschiedene Stellungen des Gefäßes zu erreichen, hat es sich am günstigsten herausgestellt, die verschiedenen (Gruppen von) Spülelemente(n) an Gefäßwänden anzubringen, die etwa einen rechten Winkel einschließen. Als Gefäßwandung wird hier stets die gesamte Begrenzung des metallurgischen Gefäßes einschließlich Boden und Seitenwänden verstanden.It is advantageous if the rinsing elements are attached in areas of the vessel wall that enclose an angle of approximately 90 °. Optimal efficiency of gas flushing is achieved when the gas is blown into the melt from the lowest point of the vessel becomes. In order to achieve this for different positions of the vessel, it has turned out to be most favorable to attach the various (groups of) flushing elements (s) to vessel walls which enclose approximately a right angle. Vessel wall is always understood here to mean the entire boundary of the metallurgical vessel, including the bottom and side walls.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Gefäß im wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgeführt ist, und wenn es eine Arbeitsstellung mit horizontaler Achse und eine Arbeitsstellung mit vertikaler Achse aufweist. Dadurch kann ein sehr einfacher Aufbau des Gefäßes erreicht werden. Auch sind die im Gefäßinneren ablaufenden Vorgänge auf diese Weise am günstigsten durch mathematische Modelle erfaßbar. Auch die mechanischen Belastungen des Gefäßes sind auf diese Weise am besten beherrschbar.It is advantageous if the vessel is essentially cylindrical and if it has a working position with a horizontal axis and a working position with a vertical axis. This enables a very simple construction of the vessel to be achieved. In this way, the processes taking place in the interior of the vessel can also be best determined by mathematical models. The mechanical loads on the vessel can also be best managed in this way.

Vorteilhaft ist, daß das über der Badoberfläche liegende Spülelement auch während des Betriebes bei gefülltem Gefäß ausgewechselt werden kann. Dieses Spülelement kann dabei als konzentrische Ringspaltdüse ausgebildet sein. Gerade konzentrische Ringspaltdüsen sind empfindliche Bauteile, die vom Schmelzbad zerstört werden, wenn keine besonderen Maßnahmen getroffen werden. Im Prinzip ist es möglich, solche Düsen mit Wasser zu kühlen, was jedoch den Nachteil hat, daß dadurch dem Schmelzbad Wärme entzogen wird, was sich auf die Qualität des erzeugten Stahls negativ auswirkt. Werden jedoch diese Ringspaltdüsen nur dann unter die Badoberfläche gebracht, wenn durch sie mittels eines Trägergases Feststoffe in das Bad eingedüst werden sollen, so werden diese durch das Trägergas ausreichend gekühlt. Alle anderen Verfahrensschritte werden in einer Stellung des Gefäßes durchgeführt, in der sich diese Ringspaltdüsen oberhalb der Badoberfläche befinden.It is advantageous that the rinsing element located above the bath surface can also be replaced during operation when the vessel is full. This flushing element can be designed as a concentric annular gap nozzle. Concentric annular gap nozzles in particular are sensitive components that will be destroyed by the weld pool if no special measures are taken. In principle, it is possible to cool such nozzles with water, but this has the disadvantage that it removes heat from the weld pool, which has a negative effect on the quality of the steel produced. However, if these annular gap nozzles are brought under the bath surface only if solids are to be injected into the bath by means of a carrier gas, they are sufficiently cooled by the carrier gas. All other process steps are carried out in a position of the vessel in which these annular gap nozzles are located above the bath surface.

Es ist günstig, wenn das Verhältnis Durchmesser zu Höhe des Gefäßes zwischen 0,5 und 3, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 2 beträgt. In Versuchen haben sich diese Werte für die Schlankheit des Gefäßes als vorteilhaft herausgestellt.It is advantageous if the ratio of diameter to height of the vessel is between 0.5 and 3, preferably between 1 and 2. In experiments, these values have proven to be advantageous for the slenderness of the vessel.

Nach einer anderen Ausführungsvariante ist vorgesehen, daß das Gefäß als im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gefäß ausgeführt ist, das um eine zur Zylinderachse parallele Achse schwenkbar angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise können mehrere Spülelemente über die Länge des Gefäßes verteilt werden, wodurch ein Auftreten von toten Ecken zuverlässig vermieden wird.According to another embodiment variant, it is provided that the vessel is designed as an essentially cylindrical vessel which is arranged pivotably about an axis parallel to the cylinder axis. In this way, several flushing elements can be distributed over the length of the vessel, thereby reliably avoiding dead corners.

Das Gefäß kann als Pfanne für sekundärmetallurgische Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung von Stahl ausgebildet sein und weist dann einen Ausguß mit einem Schieberverschluß auf.The vessel can be designed as a pan for secondary metallurgical process steps for the production of steel and then has a spout with a slide closure.

Nach einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist eine Zusatzheizung mit Elektroden zur Erzeugung von Lichtbögen vorgesehen. Die Elektroden werden dabei durch die Öffnung des Gefäßes von oben eingeführt. Üblicherweise werden drei Drehstromelektroden verwendet, die in einem gleichseitigen Dreieck angeordnet sind. Bei einem länglichen Gefäß können die Elektroden auch in einer Reihe angeordnet sein. Es ist auch möglich, mehrere Dreiergruppen von Elektroden einzusetzen. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist das Einstellen eines optimalen Temperaturverlaufs auch während länger dauernder Behandlungsschritte leicht möglich.According to an embodiment of the invention, an additional heater with electrodes for generating arcs is provided. The electrodes are inserted through the opening of the vessel from above. Usually three three-phase electrodes are used, which are arranged in an equilateral triangle. In the case of an elongated vessel, the electrodes can also be arranged in a row. It is also possible to use several groups of three electrodes. These measures make it easy to set an optimal temperature profile even during longer treatment steps.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Anordnung des oben beschriebenen Gefäßes in einer Vakuumglocke. Diese Anordnung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände der Vakuumglocke außerhalb des Schwenkbereichs des Gefäßes angeordnet sind. Es ist bisweilen günstig, Verfahrensschritte bei der Stahlherstellung unter vermindertem Druck ablaufen zu lassen. Wird das erfindungsgemäße Gefäß so in einer Vakuumglocke angeordnet, daß alle Arbeitsstellungen möglich sind, so wird ein besonders großer Einsatzbereich abgedeckt.The invention also relates to an arrangement of the vessel described above in a vacuum bell. This arrangement is characterized in that the walls of the vacuum bell are arranged outside the pivoting range of the vessel. It is sometimes beneficial to have process steps in steel making under reduced pressure. If the vessel according to the invention is arranged in a vacuum bell so that all working positions are possible, a particularly large area of use is covered.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der schematischen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Gefäßes im Querschnitt in stehender Stellung,
  • Fig. 2 das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Gefäß im Querschnitt in liegender Stellung,
  • Fig. 3 eine Anordnung des erfindungsgemäßen Gefäßes in einer Vakuumglocke,
  • Fig. 4a bis 4c sowie 5a bis 5c zwei weitere Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung im Schnitt,
  • Fig. 6 einen Schnitt durch die Ausführungsvariante der Fig. 5a bis 5c mit Zusatzbeheizung,
  • Fig. 7 einen Schnitt nach Linie VII-VII in Fig. 6 und
  • Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the schematic drawing. Show:
  • 1 shows an embodiment of a vessel according to the invention in cross section in a standing position,
  • 2 the vessel shown in FIG. 1 in cross section in a lying position,
  • 3 shows an arrangement of the vessel according to the invention in a vacuum bell,
  • 4a to 4c and 5a to 5c two further embodiment variants of the invention in section,
  • 6 shows a section through the embodiment variant of FIGS. 5a to 5c with additional heating,
  • Fig. 7 is a section along line VII-VII in Fig. 6 and
  • Fig. 8 is a plan view of a further embodiment of the invention.

Das im wesentlichen zylindrische Gefäß 1 ist an seiner Mantelfläche mit einer Ringspaltdüse 2 zum Eindüsen von Feststoffen mittels eines Trägergases ausgestattet. Im Boden 7 des Gefäßes 1 ist ein Spülstein 3 vorgesehen, durch den ein Gas 8 eingeblasen werden kann. Weiters ist ein mit einem Schieberverschluß versehener Ausguß 4 im Boden 7 angeordnet. Das Gefäß 1 ist um eine horizontale Achse 5 drehbar gelagert. Das Gefäß 1 weist in üblicher Weise einen Stahlmantel 10 auf und ist innen mit mehreren Ausmauerungsschichten 11, 12 ausgestattet. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten stehenden Stellung des Gefäßes 1 befindet sich die Badoberfläche 6a unterhalb der Ringspaltdüse 2.The essentially cylindrical vessel 1 is equipped on its outer surface with an annular gap nozzle 2 for injecting solids by means of a carrier gas. In the bottom 7 of the vessel 1, a sink 3 is provided, through which a gas 8 can be blown. Furthermore, a spout 4 provided with a slide closure is arranged in the bottom 7. The vessel 1 is rotatably supported about a horizontal axis 5. The vessel 1 has a steel jacket 10 in the usual way and is equipped on the inside with a plurality of lining layers 11, 12. In the standing position of the vessel 1 shown in FIG. 1, the bath surface 6a is located below the annular gap nozzle 2.

In der in Fig. 2 dargestellten liegenden Stellung des Gefäßes 1 befindet sich die Badoberfläche 6b unterhalb der Achse 5. Durch die Ringspaltdüse 2 kann eine Gas-Feststoffsuspension 9 in das Bad eingeblasen werden. Bei Bedarf kann auch durch den Spülstein 3 gespült werden.In the lying position of the vessel 1 shown in FIG. 2, the bath surface 6b is below the axis 5. A gas-solid suspension 9 can be blown into the bath through the annular gap nozzle 2. If necessary, it can also be rinsed through the sink 3.

Der Spülstein 3 und der Ausguß 4 können, zum Unterschied von dem in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, hinsichtlich ihrer Lage auch vertauscht angeordnet sein.The sink 3 and the spout 4 can, in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, be arranged reversed in terms of their position.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Anordnung des Gefäßes 1 ist eine im wesentlichen kugelförmige Vakuumglocke 13 vorgesehen, deren Durchmesser größer ist, als die größte Längenausdehnung des Gefäßes 1. In der Glocke 13 ist das Gefäß 1 so aufgehängt, daß die Achse 5 etwa durch den Mittelpunkt der Kugel verläuft. In der Glocke ist eine Beschickungsöffnung 14, eine Abzugsöffnung 15 und ein Saugstutzen 16 vorgesehen.In the arrangement of the vessel 1 shown in FIG. 3, a substantially spherical vacuum bell 13 is provided, the diameter of which is larger than the greatest longitudinal extent of the vessel 1. In the bell 13, the vessel 1 is suspended in such a way that the axis 5 is approximately through the center of the ball runs. A loading opening 14, a discharge opening 15 and a suction nozzle 16 are provided in the bell.

Das sekundärmetallurgische Verfahren kann bei Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Gefäßes beispielsweise folgendermaßen ablaufen:The secondary metallurgical process can, for example, proceed as follows when using the vessel according to the invention:

In stehender Position (Fig. 1) wird das Gefäß 1 mit der flüssigen Charge gefüllt und bereits beispielsweise einem Spülprozeß unterworfen, wozu durch ein Spülelement 3 ein Spülgas eingeführt wird.In the standing position (FIG. 1), the vessel 1 is filled with the liquid charge and already subjected to, for example, a flushing process, for which purpose a flushing gas is introduced through a flushing element 3.

Anschließend wird das Gefäß in liegende Stellung (Fig. 2) gebracht. Hierbei taucht die vorher über der Badoberfläche 6a befindliche Ringspaltdüse 2 unter die Badoberfläche 6b und es können Feineinstellungen am Metallbad durchgeführt werden, wie z.B. Eindüsen von Granalien oder Einspülen von anderen Feststoffen unter gleichzeitiger Spülmittelzugabe zur Homogenisierung.The vessel is then brought into a lying position (FIG. 2). Here the annular gap nozzle 2 previously located above the bath surface 6a dips below the bath surface 6b and fine adjustments can be made to the metal bath, e.g. Injecting granules or flushing in other solids while adding detergent for homogenization.

Zur Entleerung über den Ausguß 4 wird das Gefäß 1 wieder hochgestellt.The vessel 1 is raised again for emptying via the spout 4.

Der Vorteil dieses Gefäßes liegt in der Anordnung der Ringspaltdüse 2 in der Weise, daß diese bei Nichtbenutzung außerhalb des Metallbades liegt und immer wieder verwendbar ist. Im Bedarfsfall kann sie durch ein gasförmiges Medium in praktisch leicht durchführbarer Weise gekühlt werden, ohne daß hierbei ein wesentlicher Einfluß auf das Metallbad ausgeübt wird.The advantage of this vessel lies in the arrangement of the annular gap nozzle 2 in such a way that it lies outside the metal bath when not in use and can be used again and again. If necessary, it can be cooled by a gaseous medium in a manner which is practically easy to carry out, without having a significant influence on the metal bath.

In den Fig. 4a, 4b und 4c ist ein zylindrisches Gefäß in drei Arbeitsstellungen dargestellt. Das Gefäß ist um eine zur Gefäßachse 17 parallele Achse 18 drehbar gelagert. Bei der in Fig. 4a dargestellten Stellung des Gefäßes ist die Beschickungsöffnung 19 nach oben gerichtet. Der Ausguß 4 befindet sich dann auf der tiefsten Stelle des Gefäßes; eine Gruppe von Düsen 20 ist so angeordnet, daß sie sich in dieser Stellung auch etwa an der tiefsten Stelle des Gefäßes befinden. Diese Gruppe von Düsen 20 befindet sich in allen Arbeitsstellungen des Gefäßes unterhalb der Badoberfäche 22a, 22b bzw. 22c. Diese Düsengruppe 20 hat in der in Fig. 4a dargestellten Stellung des Gefäßes eine optimale Position für das Durchführen von Spülvorgängen, da das Gas an der tiefsten Stelle zentral einströmen kann. Auch in den in Fig. 4b und 4c dargestellten Stellungen können Arbeitsvorgänge mittels der Düsen 20 durchgeführt werden. Eine weitere Düsengruppe 21 ist seitlich in der Gefäßwandung angeordnet, so daß sie sich in den in den Fig. 4a und 4b dargestellten Stellungen oberhalb der Badoberfläche 22a und 22b befindet. Nur in der in Fig. 4c dargestellten Stellung befinden sich diese Düsen unterhalb der Badoberfläche 22c, so daß dann Spülvorgänge durchgeführt oder Feststoffe eingedüst werden können.4a, 4b and 4c, a cylindrical vessel is shown in three working positions. The vessel is rotatably supported about an axis 18 parallel to the vessel axis 17. In the position of the vessel shown in FIG. 4a, the loading opening 19 is directed upwards. The spout 4 is then at the lowest point of the vessel; a group of nozzles 20 is arranged so that they are also in this position at about the lowest point of the vessel. This group of nozzles 20 is located in all working positions of the vessel below the bath surface 22a, 22b and 22c. In the position of the vessel shown in FIG. 4a, this nozzle group 20 has an optimal position for carrying out flushing processes, since the gas can flow in centrally at the lowest point. In the positions shown in FIGS. 4b and 4c, operations can also be carried out by means of the nozzles 20. Another group of nozzles 21 is arranged laterally in the vessel wall, so that it is located above the bath surface 22a and 22b in the positions shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b. Only in the position shown in FIG. 4c are these nozzles below the bath surface 22c, so that rinsing processes can then be carried out or solids can be injected.

Das in den Fig. 5a, 5b und 5c dargestellte Gefäß entspricht im wesentlichen dem Gefäß der Fig. 4a, 4b und 4c mit Ausnahme der Anordnung der Düsengruppen 23 und 24. Die beiden Düsengruppen 23 und 24 sind symmetrisch in den seitlichen unteren Bereichen der Gefäßwandung angebracht. In der in Fig. 5a dargestellten Stellung des Gefäßes, bei der die Beschickungsöffnung 19 nach oben gerichtet ist, liegen beide Düsengruppen 23 und 24 unterhalb der Badoberfläche 22a. Bei der in Fig. 5b dargestellten Stellung liegt die Düsengruppe 24 oberhalb der Badoberfläche 22b und bei der in Fig. 5c dargestellten Arbeitsstellung liegt die Düsengruppe 23 oberhalb der Badoberfläche 22c. Bei der in Fig. 5a dargestellten Stellung ist ein optimaler Spülbetrieb möglich, wenn sowohl die Düsengruppe 23 als auch die Düsengruppe 24 in Betrieb ist. In der Stellung 5b befindet sich die Düsengruppe 23 in optimaler Arbeitspostion, während sich in der Fig. 5c die Düsengruppe 24 optimal etwa am tiefsten Punkt des Gefäßes befindet.The vessel shown in FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c essentially corresponds to the vessel of FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c with the exception of the arrangement of the nozzle groups 23 and 24. The two nozzle groups 23 and 24 are symmetrical in the lower lateral areas of the vessel wall appropriate. In the position of the vessel shown in FIG. 5a, in which the feed opening 19 is directed upwards, both nozzle groups 23 and 24 lie below the bath surface 22a. In the position shown in FIG. 5b, the nozzle group 24 lies above the bath surface 22b and in the working position shown in FIG. 5c, the nozzle group 23 lies above the bath surface 22c. In the position shown in FIG. 5a, an optimal flushing operation is possible if both the nozzle group 23 and the nozzle group 24 are in operation. In position 5b the nozzle group 23 is in an optimal working position, while in FIG. 5c the nozzle group 24 is optimally at the lowest point of the vessel.

In den Fig. 6 und 7 ist das Gefäß der Fig. 5a dargestellt, wobei Elektroden 25 durch die Beschickungsöffnung 19 eingeführt sind. Diese Elektroden sind, wie dies bekannt ist, in einer Halterung 26 aufgehängt und mit einer Stromversorgungseinrichtung 27 verbunden. In dem länglichen Gefäß sind die drei Drehstromelektroden 25 in einer Reihe angeordnet.6 and 7, the vessel of FIG. 5a is shown, electrodes 25 being inserted through the feed opening 19. As is known, these electrodes are suspended in a holder 26 and connected to a power supply device 27. The three three-phase electrodes 25 are arranged in a row in the elongated vessel.

Um die Belastung der einzelnen Phasen möglichst gleichmäßig zu gestalten, ist es besonders günstig, wenn die Elektrodengruppen 28, 29 jeweils in Form eines gleichseitigem Dreiecks angeordnet sind.In order to make the loading of the individual phases as uniform as possible, it is particularly advantageous if the electrode groups 28, 29 are each arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle.

Bei dem in Fig. 8 dargestellten Gefäß sind daher zwei Dreiergruppen von Elektroden 28 und 29 vorgesehen, die diese Bedingung erfüllen.In the vessel shown in FIG. 8, two groups of three electrodes 28 and 29 are therefore provided which meet this condition.

Claims (10)

  1. Metallurgical vessel which can adopt several operating positions by rotating around a horizontal axis (5, 18), having at least two purging elements (2, 3; 20, 21; 23, 24) for gases or gas/solid mixtures, which purging elements are arranged apart in the vessel wall, wherein, for carrying out various secondary metallurgical purging processes, the various purging elements (2, 3; 20, 21; 23, 24) are arranged so that, in a first operating position of the vessel, at least one purging element (2, 21, 23, 24) is located above the bath surface (6a, 22a, b) of a metal melt, while at least one of the further purging elements (3, 20, 24, 23) is located below the bath surface (6a, 22a, b) and, in a second operating position, the purging element (2; 21; 23, 24) arranged above the bath surface (6a, 22a, b) in the first operating position, is now located below the bath surface (6a, 22a, b).
  2. Vessel according to claim 1, in which the purging element located, in the first operating position, above the bath surface (6a, 22a, b), is constructed for inactive adjustment.
  3. Vessel according to claim 1 or 2, in which the purging elements (2, 3; 20, 21; 23, 24) are attached to regions of the vessel wall which make an angle of approximately 90°.
  4. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 3, which is constructed substantially as a cylindrical vessel (1) and has a working position with a horizontal axis and a working position with a vertical axis.
  5. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which at least one purging element (2) is constructed as a concentric annular gap nozzle.
  6. Vessel according to claim 4 or 5, in which the diameter-to-height ratio of the vessel is between 0.5 and 3, preferably between 1 and 2.
  7. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 3, which is constructed substantially as a cylindrical vessel which is arranged pivotally around an axis (18) parallel with the cylinder axis (17).
  8. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 7, in the form of a ladle for secondary metallurgical process steps for manufacturing steel, having an outlet (4) which has a sliding gate.
  9. Metallurgical vessel according to one of claims 1 to 7, having additional heating by means of electrodes (25; 28, 29) for generating arcs.
  10. Arrangement of a metallurgical vessel according to one of claims 1 to 9 in a vacuum bell (13), characterised in that the walls of the vacuum bell (13) are arranged outside the pivoting range of the vessel.
EP90901721A 1989-01-13 1990-01-11 Metallurgical vessel and arrangement of the same Expired - Lifetime EP0407535B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT59/89 1989-01-13
AT0005989A AT394395B (en) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 METALLURGICAL TUBE AND ARRANGEMENT THEREOF
PCT/AT1990/000003 WO1990008200A1 (en) 1989-01-13 1990-01-11 Metallurgical vessel and arrangement of the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0407535A1 EP0407535A1 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0407535B1 true EP0407535B1 (en) 1994-04-13

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EP90901721A Expired - Lifetime EP0407535B1 (en) 1989-01-13 1990-01-11 Metallurgical vessel and arrangement of the same

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EP (1) EP0407535B1 (en)
AT (2) AT394395B (en)
AU (1) AU4847790A (en)
DE (1) DE59005326D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2051009T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1990008200A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1352580A (en) * 1910-08-10 1920-09-14 Cinille Georges Manufacture of steel
DE901543C (en) * 1951-04-06 1954-01-11 Louis Francois Alexis Vignot Converter for the production of wind-fresh steel using oxygen
DE1217985B (en) * 1957-06-19 1966-06-02 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Process for the production of low-nitrogen steels
AR205514A1 (en) * 1971-03-30 1976-05-14 Creusot Loire PROCEDURE FOR THE PROTECTION OF A REFRACTORY WALL IN SERVICE
BE792128A (en) * 1971-12-06 1973-03-16 Uss Eng & Consult PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR REFINING STEEL
DE2505725A1 (en) * 1974-02-21 1975-09-04 Uddeholms Ab Converter-type metallurgical reactor - fitted with induction heating crucible on its base and also tuyeres for gas
US4026698A (en) * 1975-09-18 1977-05-31 Urban Reclamation Technologies, Inc. Removal of tin from molten iron by chlorination, using oxygen to conserve chlorine and to produce tin oxide
JPS5442324A (en) * 1977-09-10 1979-04-04 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd Control procedure of steel making process using mass spectrometer
US4195985A (en) * 1977-12-10 1980-04-01 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshutte Mbh. Method of improvement of the heat-balance in the refining of steel
US4329171A (en) * 1981-01-08 1982-05-11 Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation Steel making method
BE889171A (en) * 1981-06-10 1981-10-01 Centre Rech Metallurgique IMPROVEMENTS IN CAST IRON REFINING PROCESSES AND DEVICES
DE3130972A1 (en) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-24 Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt "METHOD FOR PREHEATING AND HEATING EMPTY AOD CONVERTERS"

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4847790A (en) 1990-08-13
EP0407535A1 (en) 1991-01-16
ES2051009T3 (en) 1994-06-01
AT394395B (en) 1992-03-25
ATE104359T1 (en) 1994-04-15
DE59005326D1 (en) 1994-05-19
ATA5989A (en) 1991-09-15
WO1990008200A1 (en) 1990-07-26

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