EP1177601A1 - Antenne a reflecteur continu pour reception multiple de faisceaux de satellite - Google Patents
Antenne a reflecteur continu pour reception multiple de faisceaux de satelliteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1177601A1 EP1177601A1 EP00922776A EP00922776A EP1177601A1 EP 1177601 A1 EP1177601 A1 EP 1177601A1 EP 00922776 A EP00922776 A EP 00922776A EP 00922776 A EP00922776 A EP 00922776A EP 1177601 A1 EP1177601 A1 EP 1177601A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- antenna according
- plane
- antenna
- reflecting surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
- H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
- H01Q19/175—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements arrayed along the focal line of a cylindrical focusing surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
- H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
- H01Q3/18—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is movable and the reflecting device is fixed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna for receiving, or even transmitting, satellite telecommunications beams.
- the invention relates to an antenna with a single reflector having a wide field of vision for simultaneously receiving several beams of geostationary television broadcasting satellites offset by fifty degrees between them, without using a motorized means to move the reflector .
- the antenna is intended in particular for domestic installations in individual houses, collective installations in buildings or community installations used to supply cable network heads to receive several beams emitted by radiocommunication satellites.
- the antenna of the invention can also be used for professional applications such as data broadcasting networks.
- the most widely sold individual antenna for satellite beams currently available to the general public includes a fixed reflector, the reflecting surface of which is a paraboloid of revolution with a circular diameter or a large elliptical axis of between 50 and 90 cm.
- the axis of symmetry of the reflector is pointed towards the satellite.
- a fixed receiving head is generally by arms and positioned at the single focus of the reflector.
- the antenna When the target satellite has an orbital position very close to other satellites geostationary, the antenna receives the emissions of these various satellites by means of one or two reception heads. However, when the user wishes to receive several beams of satellites distorted by more than ten degrees, the reflector must be turned and directed towards the chosen satellite either by motorization or manually. Thus, this reflector antenna does not ensure the simultaneous reception of several satellites.
- the antennas generally used for multisatellite reception include a reflector in the form of a parabolic or spherical torus. This type of reflector has a low efficiency of at most 24% which is only due to illumination in a given direction of a small part of the reflector. Consequently, the scanning capacities of a primary reception source in front of this reflector are improved only at the cost of a considerable increase in the surface of the reflector.
- US Pat. No. 5,140,337 describes an antenna reflector with a high opening efficiency having a substantially cylindrical concave reflecting surface the cross sections of which are deduced from two identical parabolas with axes inclined and symmetrical with respect to an azimuthal plane.
- US patent 5,175,562 from the same inventor, Carey M.
- Rappaport discloses an offset offset antenna having great efficiency while preserving a wide field of vision between - 30 ° and + 30 °; the concave reflecting surface of the antenna reflector is deduced from two identical paraboloids with inclined axes and symmetrical with respect to the line of sight of the antenna, and is described by a sixth degree polynomial equation.
- Patent application EP-0 700 118 also discloses a continuous concave reflecting surface of a reflector but which is deduced from a portion of a conventional paraboloid by a linear variation in the dimension of a point parallel to the axis of the paraboloid depending on The wavelength.
- This reflecting surface in practice gives relatively small gains for directions of radiation deviated by a few tens of degrees relative to the focal point of the paraboloid.
- the object of the invention is to provide a fixed antenna reflector, the reflecting surface of which is deduced from a single paraboloid according to an algorithm of optimal equation formulation in order to receive simultaneously several satellite beams strongly depointed between them by several primary sources. positioned in a wide opening of the order of 50 ° with a Stable directivity and a relatively low angular separation, of a few degrees, and therefore a greater opening efficiency, of the order of 40% to 50%, than the reflectors according to the prior art mentioned above.
- Optimization of the reflecting surface improves the average efficiency over the entire field of vision of the antenna, without ascent of highly dissymmetrical secondary lobes when the beams describe the geostationary orbit.
- the invention relates, like the aforementioned patent application EP-0 700 118, to an antenna comprising a reflector for beams of telecommunications satellite, having a continuous concave reflecting surface whose equation is deduced from that of an eccentric paraboloid of focus and offset angle by adding to it the equation of a correction surface and which is symmetrical with respect to a plane of focal symmetry of the paraboloid.
- the antenna of the invention is characterized in that the equation of the correction surface comprises a second degree polynomial in two coordinates relative to axes perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the paraboloid and a sum of N (2N-1) terms depending in particular on distances between the projection of any point on the reflecting surface on a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry and on N (2N-1) control points of a grid extending on said perpendicular plane and limited by the plane of symmetry, N being an integer at least equal to 2.
- the correction surface has the equation:
- 25 reflecting surface is between 30 times and 45 times an average wavelength of the satellite beams, or approximately 0.75 m and 1.1 m in Ku band for a frequency close to 12 GHz, and the angle of offset between the parabolic axis and the
- the segment joining the focal point at the center of the reflecting surface is between approximately 20 ° and approximately 30 °.
- the antenna is of the offset type, and the contour of the reflector is generally of the type substantially circular or elliptical or rectangular and the antenna is contained in a cubic meter.
- the invention also aims to provide a support of primary sources having a relatively simple and therefore inexpensive design, while easily ensuring accurate pointing of the primary sources by reflection on the reflector towards satellites located on the geostationary orbit which n is not straight in non-equatorial regions.
- the support supports primary sources oriented towards the center of the reflecting surface. It can be in the form of an arc of a circle, preferably at an angle of approximately 50 °.
- the support does not pass through the focal point of the parabolold and is contained in a support plane and is positioned so that the phase center of a source situated in the plane of focal symmetry substantially coincides with the focal point of the parabolold.
- the inclination of the support plane with respect to the axis of the parabolold is greater than the offset angle between the axis of the parabolold and the segment joining the focal point at the center of the reflecting surface. This inclination adapts the position of the support and therefore of the sources as a function of the latitude of the antenna.
- the inclination of the support plane depends on a logarithmic function of the offset angle and on a linear function of the latitude of the antenna.
- the difference between the inclination of the support plane and the offset angle can be between approximately 10 ° and approximately 20 ° for an antenna latitude between 30 ° and 60 °.
- the radius of the support can have a radius which is proportional to the focal distance between the focal point of the paraboloid and the center of the reflecting surface and which depends on a trigonometric function of the inclination of the support plane and the angle of offset.
- the support can be rotatably mounted about an axis fixed relative to the reflector and passing through the ends of the support and perpendicular to the focal plane of the parabololde containing the center of the reflector in order to precisely select the inclination of the plane of the support.
- the reflector antenna according to the invention minimizes the pointing errors of the beams towards the geostationary orbit whatever the latitude of the antenna where it is installed.
- the invention also relates to at least two primary sources mounted on the support having an angular separation of radiation at most equal to approximately 3 ° in order to pick up beams from very close satellites without notable disturbance between them, which contributes to achieving excellent coverage. reception over an angular range greater than 50 °.
- At least one primary source is in horn and has a rear cylindrical section, an intermediate frustoconical section with a large base diameter substantially less than twice the average diameter of the rear section, and a front frustoconical section with a length substantially greater than the double the length of the intermediate section and a large base diameter substantially equal to twice the average diameter of the rear section.
- At least one primary source is made of dielectric candle.
- This source of dielectric candle may comprise a dielectric candle comprising first, second and third cylindrical sections of substantially identical lengths and having diameters decreasing from one section to the next from a rear end towards a front end of the source in ratios between Approximately 3/4 and approximately 9/16 and between approximately 1/2 and approximately 2/3.
- the source of dielectric candle may comprise a dielectric candle comprising a first cylindrical section, second and third sections having lengths substantially equal to half a minimum length of the first section and diameters less than the diameter of the first section and in a ratio of substantially 2/3 to 7/8 between them, and of the fourth, fifth and sixth sections having lengths substantially equal to one third of the minimum length of the first section and diameters less than the diameter of the third section and in ratios of substantially 3/4 to 7/8 from one section to the next.
- the primary candle source may also include a metal groove extending partially around the first section of larger diameter of the dielectric candle, having a width between approximately the eighth and approximately the sixth of the diameter of the first section, and limited by one side external longer than an internal side of the throat.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an antenna according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 and a side view of the reflector of the invention with respect to the mark of an initial parabolold;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a correction surface relative to the initial paraboloid, entering into the equation of the reflector;
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs showing two examples of symmetrical grids of control points for interpolating the reflective surface of the reflector;
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the reflective surface of the reflector with a preferred contour r
- FIG. 7 is a side view of a primary horn source with a fixing collar, according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the fixing collar
- FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view of the primary horn source
- Figure 10 is an axial sectional view of a primary candle source according to a second embodiment
- Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a plane in which a primary source support of the antenna is developed
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the support rotatably mounted around its ends; and FIG. 13 shows diagrams of radiation of radioelectric beams picked up by primary sources of the antenna according to the invention.
- the telecommunications antennas according to the invention described below are, by way of example, intended to operate in a carrier frequency band of use greater than the gigahertz, particularly between approximately 10.5 GHz and approximately 14.5 GHz , in order to receive telecommunications beams emitted by geostationary telecommunications satellites in an orbit close to the equator.
- the dimensions of the components of the receiving antenna are indicated below with respect to a predetermined average wavelength ⁇ corresponding to the frequency center of a frequency band of use including the carrier frequencies of satellite transmissions.
- the average wavelength is 2.5 cm and corresponds to the central carrier frequency of 12 GHz.
- an antenna according to the invention essentially comprises a fixed reflector 1, several primary microwave sources 2 and a source support 3.
- the sources 2 are positioned facing the concave reflecting surface 11 of the reflector 1 and along a planar and substantially circular focal line passing near a focal point F and transverse thereto.
- These sources simultaneously receive beams from telecommunications or broadcasting satellites separated from each other by at most a few degrees approximately, typically about three degrees, on the geostationary orbit in an antenna coverage angle 2 ⁇ max of at most one about fifty degrees, that is to say a maximum deflection of the beams of ⁇ 25 °.
- ⁇ max at most one about fifty degrees, that is to say a maximum deflection of the beams of ⁇ 25 °.
- at most fifteen primary sources 2 are positioned on the support 3 respectively as a function of the position of fifteen satellites relative to the terrestrial position of the antenna.
- the surface and the contour of the reflector 1 as well as the geometry of the source support 3 are designed to meet reception standards for beams from broadcast satellites.
- the reflector has a maximum dimension of less than 1 meter.
- the concave reflecting surface 11 of the reflector 1 has a geometry represented by the following mathematical equation in a coordinate system (C, x, y, z):
- z (x, y) z p (x, y) + z c (x, y).
- the reflector conformed according to the preceding equation is obtained by adding a correction surface z c (x, y) to an initial parabolic reflector coming from a paraboloid with circular section, with horizontal axis of symmetry OZ and focal point F.
- f is the geometric focal length between the vertex 0 of the initial parabolold, coincident with the origin of the initial coordinate system (0, X, Y, Z), and the geometric focal point F of the parabolold and the reflector 1.
- f is the equivalent focal length of the reflector between the center C of the opening of the reflector and the geometric focus F of the reflector.
- ⁇ designates the offset angle of the reflector between the optical axis Cz of the reflector parallel to the axis OZ of the paraboloid and the segment CF of the equivalent focal length.
- the focal lengths f and f ' are linked by the following relation:
- the reflecting surface 11 being symmetrical with respect to the elevation plane (site) yCz, it is defined by interpolation of control points arranged on a regular grid of rectangular meshes in one of the half-planes xCy of the opening of the reflector limited by the focal plane of symmetry yCz.
- the number of control points is N x N per quadrant in the xCy coordinate system, N being an integer greater than or equal to 2.
- the total number I of control points is N (2N-1).
- the equation of the correction surface comprises 1 + 4 coefficients ai to ai and bi to b-j and a dimensionless parameter ⁇ representing the normalized width of the interpolation domain with respect to the equivalent focal length f.
- the equation of the correction surface has the following form:
- variable ri (x, y) is a function of the distance
- the 1 + 4 coefficients of the correction surface z c (x, y) are calculated by solving a linear system of 1 + 4 equations from the Zi dimensions of the control points. Odds z ⁇ are unknowns which are obtained by following the two separate steps below.
- approximate values of Z are calculated using an analytical formulation based on a Taylor series decomposition of aberrations, such as stigmatism and aplanetism.
- the Taylor series is in order 6 to achieve sufficient precision in determining the z-score.
- the equation obtained for the correction surface is configurable as a function of the position of an extreme primary source 2E of coordinates (x £, yE. Z E) ' 1 !
- the initial surface is generated in the form of the above-mentioned second degree polynomial equation z c (x, y).
- a hybrid optimization process based on a genetic algorithm coupled with a gradient method adjusts and optimizes the values of the Zi odds while simultaneously satisfying the following conditions:
- the angular range of antenna coverage depends on the parameter ⁇ which defines a family of reflective surfaces.
- the invention thus relates to a set of reflective surfaces having similar shapes and substantially identical radio performance.
- ⁇ decreases, the field of vision increases; below the threshold of the order of 0.5, the average efficiency of the reflector decreases excessively, leading to significant differences in directivity between the central beam and the most offset extreme beam.
- a value of ⁇ close to 0.54 or 0.55 is recommended to ensure a maximum coverage of 2 ⁇ of around fifty degrees.
- the cutting of the reflecting surface 11 of the reflector, the projection of which along the axis Cz on the plane xCy is shown in FIG. 6, is not necessarily circular or elliptical. It is generalized to a "superquadric" form whose Cartesian equation is as follows:
- A designates the half-axis of the reflector along the azimuth axis x
- B designates the half-axis of the reflector along the elevation axis y of the offset direction of the reflector
- v is a positive real number defined below after.
- the maximum dimension 2A of the opening of the reflector is less than the side of the square which is worth 2 ⁇ f typically equal to approximately 103.5 cm.
- the parameters used to define this curve are optimized so as to minimize the size of the reflector and to maintain the ratio (equivalent focal length f / maximum dimension 2A) at a value less than one. Their respective values are shown below as an example: A / ⁇ ⁇ 20,
- Parameters A and v are chosen so that the reflector 1 is in compliance with national regulations concerning the installation of individual satellite reception antennas, that is to say has a maximum dimension 2A of less than 98 cm in Ku band for France. These parameters also intervene to adjust the area and therefore the gain of the reflector according to the intended application.
- the shape of the contour of the reflecting surface can be significantly modified to improve the aesthetics of the reflector without altering the performance thereof.
- Each of the primary sources 2 comprises, according to a first embodiment, a horn comprising a rear cylindrical section 21, an intermediate frustoconical section 22, a front frustoconical section 23 and a facial circular groove 24, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9.
- Exact geometric dimensions of the horn 2 according to a preferred embodiment are specified in the sectional view shown in FIG. 9. All the dimensions are normalized with respect to the wavelength ⁇ corresponding to the center frequency of the frequency band of use.
- L1 typically equal to 1.67 ⁇
- L3 is substantially equal to 2.
- Dl typically equal to 0.7 ⁇
- the groove 24 is located on the periphery of the large base of the frustoconical section before 23 and in the extension thereof. It contributes to flattening the wave plane at the output of the horn and thus increasing the directivity of the latter for a bandwidth of approximately 4 GHz in which the horn has a gain of the order of 15 dBi on average.
- a primary source is a dielectric source 4 known as a "candle” or “cigar” source, the precise geometric dimensions of which are indicated in FIG. 10 according to a preferred example.
- the candle source 4 also has a gain of the order of 15 dBi on average in the useful band of 4 GHz and provides a displacement of phase center P4 of the order of a centimeter for a frequency bandwidth of 4 GHz approximately to compensate for the chromatic aberration of the reflector.
- the candle source 4 comprises a dielectric "candle” comprising cylindrical sections whose diameters decrease from a rear end towards a front end facing the reflector.
- the dielectric has a low relative permittivity close to 2; for example, it consists of a rigid foam of low density with a fine texture with closed cells, having a permittivity preferably between 1.7 and 1.9.
- the source 4 also comprises a metal face groove 47 in the metal guide 40, extending around the rear part of the rear section of dielectric candle 47, and having a external diameter d7 ⁇ 3/2 dl ⁇ 1.2 ⁇ .
- the groove thus has a width of between (l / 8) dl approximately and (l / 6) dl approximately.
- the waveguide 40 is fully charged with dielectric, or is provided with an impedance matching cone 48 of length between 1.5 ⁇ and 2.5 ⁇ in order to achieve the transition of the dielectric candle towards the empty waveguide.
- the candle source 4 is less bulky by at least 25% in diameter and thus ensures an angular separation of the beams of approximately 2 °.
- the focal length f or f of the reflector is reduced by about 20% when the primary source is a candle source whose dielectric charging the waveguide 40 is of low permittivity and low loss.
- the support 3 is a toroidal tube whose axis SS in an arc of a circle has a center CS distinct from the center C of the reflecting surface 11, as shown in FIG. 11.
- the circular axis SS passes substantially below the focal point F of the reflector where the phase center P2 (or P4, FIG. 10) of a central primary source 2F situated in the vertical plane of symmetry yCz of the reflector is positioned exactly, and is contained in a plane PS whose inclination ⁇ relative to the horizontal plane XOZ is fixed by the latitude L of the antenna, as shown in Figures 1 and 11.
- the inclination ⁇ differs from the offset angle ⁇ of the reflector and is expressed as a function of the latter and of the latitude L of the antenna in the form of a logarithmic law which is written as follows :
- the radius R of the support is between approximately 1 m and approximately 1.2 m, and the inclination ⁇ is between approximately 35 ° and approximately 40 ° for an offset angle ⁇ of 25 °.
- the inclination ⁇ is equal to 38.3 ° and the radius R is equal to 1.1 m.
- the inclination ⁇ of the support plane PS distinct from the focal plane xCF is chosen as a function of the latitude L of the antenna so that the sources 2, 4 mounted on the support can be optimally pointed along a focal line ( Figure 13) corresponding to the geostationary orbits of the targeted satellites.
- This inclination ⁇ is adjusted to within ⁇ 5 ° by rotation of the support 3 around the first ends 31 of the arms 30, as shown in FIG. 12.
- the support 3 is for example from a light metal tube of section equal to 20 mm, the circular curvature of which is produced by bending. It is immobilized relative to the reflector 1 proper by means of two bent side arms 30 having first ends 31 articulated at the ends of the support (Figure 12) to and from the second ends nested 32 in brackets fixed against the convex rear face of the reflector ( Figure 1).
- the support 3 is pierced with diametral holes 33 spaced regularly to selectively fix bent fixing collars 34 of the primary sources 2 or 4, as shown in FIG. 7.
- Each fixing collar encloses the rear waveguide 21, 40 d a primary source 2, 4 and has a groove 35 with a semi-cylindrical bottom for receiving the support 3.
- In the sides of the groove 35 are formed two diametrically opposite longitudinal slides 36 which are traversed by a threaded clamping rod 37 passing through a hole 33 of the source support in order to slide the collar 34 with the primary source 2, 4 on the support 3 and to position the primary source to ensure continuous targeting of the geostationary orbit.
- the fixing collars 34 are oriented at an angle ⁇ - ⁇ relative to the plane of symmetry PS of the support so as to point the sources towards the center C of the reflector, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 12.
- the angle ⁇ - ⁇ remains identical regardless of the lateral displacement of the source along the support and is between approximately 10 ° and approximately 20 °. Under a latitude L of 45 ° of the antenna, the angle ⁇ - ⁇ is 13.1 °.
- the plane PS of the support 3 When the antenna is installed at a latitude other than 30 to 60 °, the plane PS of the support 3 has an inclination ⁇ of between 35 ° for regions close to the equator and 55 ° for regions close to the North Pole.
- the geometry of the support 3 of the sources 2, 4 is extremely simplified in order to reduce its manufacturing cost and facilitate the installation of the sources by quick and easy pointing to the desired satellites. This intrinsic property is only obtained thanks to the set of coefficients a and bi associated with the very particular choice of the parameters ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ and R, which are used to define the geometry of the support.
- other types of support as described in patents FR-2,685,131 and EP-0 700 118 can be used.
- FIG. 13 The advantages of the antenna of the invention pointed towards geostationary satellites are illustrated in FIG. 13 by nine radiation diagrams DR1 to DR9 represented by level lines and corresponding to nine radioelectric beams of satellites positioned along the orbit geostationary likely to be received by nine primary sources 2, 4 juxtaposed on the support 3 of the antenna at an average latitude of 45 °.
- SA approximately 3 °
- the maximum of each beam coincides perfectly with the geostationary orbit OG over an angular range greater than 55 ° ([-27.5 °, 27.5 °]).
- the antenna is designed according to the preferred embodiment to operate at latitudes close to 45 °, that is to say for latitudes between approximately 30 ° and approximately 60 ° without it being necessary to add adjustments in elevation, that is to say adjustments of the angle ⁇ - ⁇ or of the angle ⁇ , on the positioning of the primary sources.
- the antenna is distinguished by the following points:
- the average efficiency of the antenna remains high, of the order of 45%, over an angular scanning range greater than 50 °;
- the antenna of the invention is reproducible for other uses than multi-satellite reception in Ku band.
- the configuration of all the dimensions of the antenna as a function of the frequency extends the field of the invention to multimedia applications.
- the antenna according to the invention can be used: - for the reception of several beams of satellites of the geostationary orbit; for reception and / or transmission to the geostationary orbit;
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Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9905556A FR2793073B1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Antenne a reflecteur continu pour reception multiple de faisceaux de satellite |
| FR9905556 | 1999-04-30 | ||
| PCT/FR2000/001134 WO2000067345A1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-28 | Antenne a reflecteur continu pour reception multiple de faisceaux de satellite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1177601A1 true EP1177601A1 (fr) | 2002-02-06 |
| EP1177601B1 EP1177601B1 (fr) | 2002-12-04 |
Family
ID=9545118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00922776A Expired - Lifetime EP1177601B1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 | 2000-04-28 | Antenne a reflecteur continu pour reception multiple de faisceaux de satellite |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6211842B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1177601B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4207390B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1180513C (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE229234T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU4306000A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60000935T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2182800T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2793073B1 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT1177601E (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2000067345A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001053537A (ja) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-23 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 一次放射器 |
| FR2802381B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-09 | 2002-05-31 | Cit Alcatel | Source rayonnante pour antenne d'emission et de reception destinee a etre installee a bord d'un satellite |
| EP1269575A2 (fr) | 2000-03-01 | 2003-01-02 | Prodelin Corporation | Antenne multifaisceau servant a etablir des liaisons de communication individuelles avec des satellites places a proximite angulaire etroite les uns des autres |
| US6593893B2 (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2003-07-15 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Multiple-beam antenna employing dielectric filled feeds for multiple and closely spaced satellites |
| EP1139489A1 (fr) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-04 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Source primaire d'antenne amélioré au niveau de l'éfficacité de réception par réduction des lobes secondaires |
| US6717553B2 (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2004-04-06 | Alps Electric Co., Ltd. | Primary radiator having excellent assembly workability |
| EP1289062A1 (fr) | 2001-08-02 | 2003-03-05 | Alcatel | Antenne à multifaisceaux |
| US6700549B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2004-03-02 | Ydi Wireless, Inc. | Dielectric-filled antenna feed |
| US6750827B2 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2004-06-15 | Waveband Corporation | Dielectric waveguide antenna with improved input wave coupler |
| US7236681B2 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2007-06-26 | Prodelin Corporation | Feed assembly for multi-beam antenna with non-circular reflector, and such an assembly that is field-switchable between linear and circular polarization modes |
| FR2890454B1 (fr) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-10-12 | Alcatel Sa | Reflecteur deployable en forme de triangle de reuleaux, pour un instrument d'observation spatiale |
| FR2926680B1 (fr) * | 2008-01-18 | 2010-02-12 | Alcatel Lucent | Reflecteur-secondaire d'une antenne a double reflecteur |
| JP4947662B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-23 | 2012-06-06 | シャープ株式会社 | 一次放射器、ならびに、それを用いたマイクロ波受信用コンバータ、トランスミッタおよびパラボナアンテナ装置 |
| US20100013727A1 (en) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-21 | Daniel Pifer | LNB Alignment Device for Positioning Satellite Dish Feed Horns and Method Therefor |
| TWM355467U (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2009-04-21 | Azure Shine Int Inc | Mounting device of satellite antenna LNB |
| WO2010068954A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-17 | Wavebender, Inc. | Antenne à cavité de guide d’onde intégrée et réflecteur d’antenne |
| WO2011060497A1 (fr) | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-26 | Impedimed Limited | Distribution de signal pour des mesures d'électrode de patient |
| EP2735055B1 (fr) | 2011-07-20 | 2016-02-10 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. | Antenne à réflecteur pour un radar à ouverture synthétique |
| JP2014068334A (ja) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-04-17 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 受信アンテナ装置及び鏡面修整反射鏡の製造方法 |
| EP2911245B1 (fr) | 2012-10-16 | 2020-10-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Dispositif d'antenne à réflecteur |
| RU2518398C1 (ru) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт проблем машиноведения Российской академии наук (ИПМаш РАН) | Способ адаптации отражающих поверхностей антенны |
| JP2014165790A (ja) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-08 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 受信アンテナ装置及び鏡面修整反射鏡の製造方法 |
| US9590299B2 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2017-03-07 | Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation | Integrated antenna and RF payload for low-cost inter-satellite links using super-elliptical antenna aperture with single axis gimbal |
| CN105470653B (zh) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-01-30 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | 一种限域空间连续相位修正反射天线的设计方法 |
| US11289819B2 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | Raven Antenna Systems Inc. | Multisat shaped reflector antenna |
| CN111987406B (zh) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-03-21 | 安徽蓝讯通信技术有限公司 | 一种电调智能天线设备及其安装方法 |
| CN119381783B (zh) * | 2024-12-27 | 2025-04-29 | 西安欣创电子技术有限公司 | 赋形天线的设计方法及装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4203105A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1980-05-13 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Scanable antenna arrangements capable of producing a large image of a small array with minimal aberrations |
| US4755826A (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1988-07-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Bicollimated offset Gregorian dual reflector antenna system |
| US5140337A (en) | 1989-06-23 | 1992-08-18 | Northeastern University | High aperture efficiency, wide angle scanning reflector antenna |
| US5175562A (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1992-12-29 | Northeastern University | High aperture-efficient, wide-angle scanning offset reflector antenna |
| US5214540A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1993-05-25 | Yoram Yakimovsky | Curved mirror optical systems |
| FR2685131B1 (fr) | 1991-12-11 | 1994-05-27 | Telediffusion Fse | Antenne de reception a reflecteur fixe pour plusieurs faisceaux de satellite. |
| FR2701169B1 (fr) | 1993-02-02 | 1995-04-14 | Telediffusion Fse | Réflecteur d'antenne à diffraction pour plusieurs faisceaux de télécommunications. |
| FR2724059B1 (fr) * | 1994-08-31 | 1997-01-03 | Telediffusion Fse | Reflecteur d'antenne pour plusieurs faisceaux de telecommunications |
| GB9602395D0 (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1996-04-03 | Secr Defence | Omnidirectional antenna |
-
1999
- 1999-04-30 FR FR9905556A patent/FR2793073B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-04-28 AT AT00922776T patent/ATE229234T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-28 US US09/561,219 patent/US6211842B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-28 ES ES00922776T patent/ES2182800T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-28 PT PT00922776T patent/PT1177601E/pt unknown
- 2000-04-28 DE DE60000935T patent/DE60000935T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-28 JP JP2000616092A patent/JP4207390B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-28 EP EP00922776A patent/EP1177601B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-28 AU AU43060/00A patent/AU4306000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-04-28 CN CNB008068992A patent/CN1180513C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-28 WO PCT/FR2000/001134 patent/WO2000067345A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0067345A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4306000A (en) | 2000-11-17 |
| DE60000935T2 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
| EP1177601B1 (fr) | 2002-12-04 |
| US6211842B1 (en) | 2001-04-03 |
| DE60000935D1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
| JP2003500868A (ja) | 2003-01-07 |
| PT1177601E (pt) | 2003-02-28 |
| JP4207390B2 (ja) | 2009-01-14 |
| ATE229234T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
| FR2793073A1 (fr) | 2000-11-03 |
| CN1180513C (zh) | 2004-12-15 |
| WO2000067345A1 (fr) | 2000-11-09 |
| ES2182800T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
| FR2793073B1 (fr) | 2003-04-11 |
| CN1349675A (zh) | 2002-05-15 |
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