EP1167863A1 - Dispositif de stockage et de mélange de deux gaz - Google Patents
Dispositif de stockage et de mélange de deux gaz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1167863A1 EP1167863A1 EP01401335A EP01401335A EP1167863A1 EP 1167863 A1 EP1167863 A1 EP 1167863A1 EP 01401335 A EP01401335 A EP 01401335A EP 01401335 A EP01401335 A EP 01401335A EP 1167863 A1 EP1167863 A1 EP 1167863A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- internal
- external
- opening
- gases
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
- F17C2205/0385—Constructional details of valves, regulators in blocks or units
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/4673—Plural tanks or compartments with parallel flow
- Y10T137/4824—Tank within tank
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
- Y10T137/87652—With means to promote mixing or combining of plural fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
- Y10T137/87652—With means to promote mixing or combining of plural fluids
- Y10T137/8766—With selectively operated flow control means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
- Y10T137/87676—With flow control
- Y10T137/87684—Valve in each inlet
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a storage device and mixture of two gases or two mixtures of gases under pressure.
- the invention relates to a device which allows the storage of two or two gases for the required time mixtures of gases under pressure and their mixture in proportions determined at the time of use of said mixture.
- the mixture of active gases to be diluted is already diluted in acceptable proportions, for example of the order of a few ppm, in the internal enclosure while the external enclosure contains the diluent gas. Taking into account the dilution rate of active gases in the internal enclosure, this can be initially developed so easy and precise and its storage does not raise any problems individuals.
- it is possible to elaborate this in situ by opening the two taps, which allows the output of the entire device the mixture in the desired content of active gases with the desired flow rate and at the desired pressure thanks to the presence regulators and calibrated orifices.
- the gas mixtures or the gases contained in the two chambers are at the same pressure and the ratio of the volumes of two enclosures is equal to the ratio of the quantities of gases or mixtures of gas to be sampled in the two chambers to obtain the final mixture.
- This device is first constituted by an external bottle of pressure resistance 10 intended to contain the gas or the mixture of diluent gas.
- the bottle 10 has an upper opening 12 in which is engaged a two-way valve 14 whose body 16 is fixed tightly in the opening 12.
- the dual-way valve 14 comprises essentially two passages 18 and 20 including a first end 18a, 20a opens into the underside 16a of the dual-way valve body and whose second end 18b, 20b opens into bosses 22 and 24 from the double-track valve body.
- Part of each pass, referenced respectively 18c and 20c constitutes a seat for a shutter formed respectively by needle screws 26 and 28.
- the screws needles 26 and 28 constitute with the seats 18c and 20c shutters by all or nothing.
- a bottle internal pressure resistance 30 Inside the external enclosure 10 is mounted a bottle internal pressure resistance 30 whose opening 32 is connected at the end 18a of the first passage of the double-track tap by a line 34.
- Line 34 serves both to allow the connection between the internal enclosure 30 and the passage 18 and the mechanical connection of enclosure 30 with the dual-way valve.
- Each boss 22 and 24 of the double-track valve in which lead to channels 18 and 20 is equipped with a regulator respectively referenced 36 and 38.
- a regulator respectively referenced 36 and 38.
- a particular example of such regulators will be described later with reference to Figure 2.
- a filter 40 is interposed at the outlet of passages 18 and 20 upstream of the regulators 36 and 38.
- the regulator outlet is equipped with an orifice calibrated 41 and 42 allowing the gas flow circulating in the lines 46 and 48 connected to the outlet of the regulators.
- Line 46 extends to a T-connector 50 which is itself connected to the general outlet pipe of the device 52. From preferably, this general outlet pipe is equipped with a command 54.
- the regulators 36 and 38 are adjusted to provide an outlet pressure which is preferably identical for the two gases.
- the calibrated orifices 41 and 42 have have been defined to provide the desired flow rates of each respectively of the two gases.
- the regulator 38 includes a body 60, 62 which is fixed to the boss 24 by a threaded ring 64.
- the part 60 of the body is pierced with an axial passage 65 which is extended by an end pipe 66a 66a.
- a disc 68 is mounted movable in translation along the axis of the regulator.
- This disc 68 is provided with an orifice 70 eccentric with respect to the axis of the regulator and therefore relative to the pipe 66.
- the disc 60 is provided on its face facing the pipe 66 with a sleeve 72 which cooperates with line 66 and which is connected to the body of the regulator by a spring 74.
- the portion 76 of the face of the disc 70 facing the line 66 constitutes a seat for the end 66a of line 66.
- the spring 74 makes it possible to define the gas outlet pressure out of the regulator.
- disc 68 is more or less distant from the end of the pipe 66 and that more precisely, when the pressure is lower than the set value, line 66 is closed by the seat 76 whereas when this pressure becomes higher, disc 68 is discarded and there is again a gas outlet.
- the external enclosure 10 has a volume of 20 l and the internal enclosure 30 a volume of the order of 170 cm 3 .
- the internal bottle 30 may have a height of the order of 750 mm, an external section of diameter of the order of 20 mm and an internal section of diameter of the order of 17 mm.
- the ratio of volumes between the external enclosure and the internal enclosure is therefore of the order of 1%.
- the calibrated orifice 41 associated with the internal enclosure will have a diameter of 25 ⁇ m and the calibrated orifice 42 associated with the gas of the external enclosure a diameter of 250 ⁇ m. If the two chambers are pressurized to a pressure of the order of 150 bar, the apparatus can be used continuously for approximately 66 h.
- Such a device will make it possible to produce the following concentrations for 1 ppm of active gas concentration in the external enclosure, the final concentration will be of the order of 10 ppb and for 10 ppm of active gas content in the internal enclosure, the final concentration obtained will be of the order of 100 ppb.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- une enceinte externe contenant le premier desdits gaz et munie d'une ouverture ;
- une enceinte interne disposée à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte externe et, contenant le deuxième gaz, et munie d'une ouverture ;
- un robinet double voie comprenant un corps fixé de façon
étanche dans l'ouverture de l'enceinte externe, un premier passage ayant
une extrémité interne raccordée à l'ouverture de l'enceinte interne et une
extrémité externe et équipé de premiers moyens d'obturation,
commandables, et un deuxième passage ayant une première extrémité
interne débouchant dans ladite enceinte externe et une deuxième
extrémité externe et étant équipé de deuxièmes moyens d'obturation
commandables,
- des premiers et deuxièmes moyens de réglage de débit et de pression ayant chacun une entrée reliée à la sortie externe d'un des passages dudit robinet double voie et une sortie ; et
- des premières et deuxièmes conduites pour relier la sortie de chaque moyen de réglage à une sortie unique dudit dispositif de stockage et de mélange.
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale de la partie supérieure du dispositif de stockage et de mélange ; et
- la figure 2 est une vue partielle du dispositif montrant un exemple de réalisation du détendeur associé à chaque voie du robinet double voie.
Claims (6)
- Dispositif de stockage et de mélange de deux gaz ou mélanges de gaz sous pression comprenant :une enceinte externe (10) contenant le premier desdits gaz et munie d'une ouverture (12) ;une enceinte interne (30) disposée à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte externe contenant le deuxième gaz, et munie d'une ouverture (32);un robinet double voie (14) comprenant un corps fixé de façon étanche dans l'ouverture de l'enceinte externe, un premier passage (18) ayant une extrémité interne raccordée à l'ouverture de l'enceinte interne et une extrémité externe et équipé de premiers moyens d'obturation (26) commandables, et un deuxième passage (20) ayant une première extrémité interne débouchant dans ladite enceinte externe et une deuxième extrémité externe et étant équipé de deuxièmes moyens d'obturation (28) commandables,des premiers (41) et deuxièmes (42) moyens de réglage de débit et de pression (36, 38) ayant chacun une entrée reliée à la sortie externe d'un des passages dudit robinet double voie et une sortie ; etdes premières et deuxièmes conduites (46, 48) pour relier la sortie de chaque moyen de réglage à une sortie unique (52) dudit dispositif de stockage et de mélange.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite enceinte interne (30) est conformée pour pouvoir être introduite dans ladite enceinte externe (10) par son ouverture (12).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (32) de ladite enceinte interne (30) est raccordée à la sortie interne du premier passage (18) dudit robinet double voie (14) par une tubulure (34) formant également des moyens de sustentation et de fixation de ladite enceinte interne audit robinet double voie.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque moyen de réglage comprend un détendeur de pression (36, 38) et un orifice calibré (41, 42) disposé à la sortie du détendeur.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les deux gaz sont sensiblement à la même pression dans leurs enceintes respectives (10, 30) et en ce que les deux détendeurs (41, 42) fournissent le même rapport de détente.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les volumes respectifs des enceintes interne (30) et externe (10) sont sensiblement dans le rapport des débits respectifs des premier et deuxième gaz fournis par lesdits orifices calibrés (41, 42).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0007838 | 2000-06-20 | ||
| FR0007838A FR2810260B1 (fr) | 2000-06-20 | 2000-06-20 | Dispositif de stockage et de melange de deux gaz |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1167863A1 true EP1167863A1 (fr) | 2002-01-02 |
Family
ID=8851433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01401335A Withdrawn EP1167863A1 (fr) | 2000-06-20 | 2001-05-21 | Dispositif de stockage et de mélange de deux gaz |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6418965B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1167863A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2002031299A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1247929C (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR028731A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU777459B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR0102477A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2351107A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2810260B1 (fr) |
| SG (1) | SG95655A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2833861A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-27 | Air Liquide | Dispositif de stockage et de melange de deux gaz |
| EP1715225A3 (fr) * | 2005-04-18 | 2009-12-16 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Vanne à double écoulement et récipient de traitement avec système d'isolation interne |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4619722B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-11 | 2011-01-26 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | 容器バルブ |
| WO2007065103A2 (fr) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-06-07 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Generateur de dioxyde de chlore a la demande, portable |
| US7964017B2 (en) | 2006-05-05 | 2011-06-21 | General Dynamics Armament And Technical Products, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling moisture level in a gas |
| GB2446409B (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2011-05-04 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Fluid mixtures |
| US7963146B2 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2011-06-21 | General Dynamics Armament And Technical Products, Inc. | Method and system for detecting vapors |
| DE202011110486U1 (de) * | 2011-03-16 | 2014-03-27 | Messer Gaspack Gmbh | Anordnung zum Speichern und Entnehmen von komprimiertem Gas |
| EP2638919B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-12 | 2016-07-20 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Dispositif et procédé d'introduction d'un arome dans un flux de gaz porteur |
| CN103801203B (zh) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-08-19 | 汪保和 | 基于内置软容器的刚性容器气体混配装置及方法 |
| CN105526496B (zh) * | 2014-09-29 | 2019-08-23 | 大唐国际化工技术研究院有限公司 | 工业分析样品容器及具有这种容器的采样设备 |
| US10690289B2 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2020-06-23 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Modular gas control attachment assembly for cylinders |
| DE102018000890A1 (de) * | 2018-02-03 | 2019-08-08 | Messer Industriegase Gmbh | Gasentnahmeventil für eine Druckgasflasche |
| US11852255B2 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2023-12-26 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Combination regulator for cryogenic tanks |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3635375A (en) * | 1969-11-06 | 1972-01-18 | Hubert J Gaetke | Resilient squeezable spray dispenser |
| US3645291A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1972-02-29 | Nitrochill Ltd | Cryogenic filling valve |
| US4923394A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1990-05-08 | Nippon Tansan Gas Co., Ltd. | Portable torch |
| US5649433A (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-07-22 | Daido Hoxan Inc. | Cold evaporator |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2200675A (en) * | 1937-09-11 | 1940-05-14 | Northcutt Ellie Hugh | Container for spray guns |
| US3045925A (en) * | 1959-09-29 | 1962-07-24 | Michael N Giangualano | Multiple spray apparatus |
| US3992003A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1976-11-16 | Visceglia Marco P | Aerosol container having sealed propellant means |
| FR2497706A1 (fr) * | 1981-01-12 | 1982-07-16 | Air Liquide | Poste a deux ou plusieurs bouteilles de gaz pour le soudage et autres applications |
| DE3373455D1 (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1987-10-15 | Ladoco Ag | Pressurised container for gases, liquids, pasty products or the like |
-
2000
- 2000-06-20 FR FR0007838A patent/FR2810260B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-21 EP EP01401335A patent/EP1167863A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-31 AU AU50072/01A patent/AU777459B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-01 US US09/870,657 patent/US6418965B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2001171197A patent/JP2002031299A/ja active Pending
- 2001-06-15 AR ARP010102884A patent/AR028731A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-18 CA CA002351107A patent/CA2351107A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-20 BR BR0102477-9A patent/BR0102477A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-06-20 CN CN01121660.3A patent/CN1247929C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-20 SG SG200103789A patent/SG95655A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3645291A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1972-02-29 | Nitrochill Ltd | Cryogenic filling valve |
| US3635375A (en) * | 1969-11-06 | 1972-01-18 | Hubert J Gaetke | Resilient squeezable spray dispenser |
| US4923394A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1990-05-08 | Nippon Tansan Gas Co., Ltd. | Portable torch |
| US5649433A (en) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-07-22 | Daido Hoxan Inc. | Cold evaporator |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2833861A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-27 | Air Liquide | Dispositif de stockage et de melange de deux gaz |
| WO2003054441A1 (fr) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-03 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Dispositif de stockage et de melange de deux gaz |
| US6962268B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2005-11-08 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Device for storing and mixing two gases |
| EP1715225A3 (fr) * | 2005-04-18 | 2009-12-16 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Vanne à double écoulement et récipient de traitement avec système d'isolation interne |
| US7811532B2 (en) | 2005-04-18 | 2010-10-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Dual-flow valve and internal processing vessel isolation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6418965B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
| AR028731A1 (es) | 2003-05-21 |
| CA2351107A1 (fr) | 2001-12-20 |
| FR2810260A1 (fr) | 2001-12-21 |
| BR0102477A (pt) | 2002-02-19 |
| CN1329226A (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
| FR2810260B1 (fr) | 2002-08-30 |
| JP2002031299A (ja) | 2002-01-31 |
| AU777459B2 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
| CN1247929C (zh) | 2006-03-29 |
| AU5007201A (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| US20010052360A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| SG95655A1 (en) | 2003-04-23 |
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