EP1167560B1 - Aluminium-Gusslegierung - Google Patents

Aluminium-Gusslegierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1167560B1
EP1167560B1 EP20010201442 EP01201442A EP1167560B1 EP 1167560 B1 EP1167560 B1 EP 1167560B1 EP 20010201442 EP20010201442 EP 20010201442 EP 01201442 A EP01201442 A EP 01201442A EP 1167560 B1 EP1167560 B1 EP 1167560B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminium
casting
die
casting alloy
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010201442
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1167560A1 (de
Inventor
Martinus Godefridus Johannes Spanjers
Timothy John Hurd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voerde Aluminium GmbH
Original Assignee
Corus Aluminium Voerde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corus Aluminium Voerde GmbH filed Critical Corus Aluminium Voerde GmbH
Priority to EP20010201442 priority Critical patent/EP1167560B1/de
Publication of EP1167560A1 publication Critical patent/EP1167560A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1167560B1 publication Critical patent/EP1167560B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminium casting alloy for casting operations, in particular die-casting operations. Further the invention relates to the application of the aluminium casting alloy in particular into cast products for automotive components.
  • EP-A-0918095 discloses a structural component made of an aluminium die-casting alloy, consisting of, in weight percent: Si ⁇ 0.5 Fe ⁇ 1.0 Mn 0.1 to 1.6 Mg ⁇ 5.0 Ti ⁇ 0.3 Zn ⁇ 0.1 Sc 0.05 to 0.4 and optional Zr 0.1 to 0.4 balance aluminium and impurities.
  • Si very expensive Sc in a range of 0.05 to 0.4% and optionally in combination with Zr in a range of 0.1 to 0.4% and the requirement of an heat treatment in the range of 230 to 350°C following the die-casting of the structural component a yield strength of about 120 MPa, a tensile strength of 180 MPa and an elongation at fracture of 16% is obtained.
  • EP-A-0918096 discloses a structural component made of an aluminium die-casting alloy, consisting of, in weight percent: Si ⁇ 1.4 Fe ⁇ 0.8 Mn 0.1 to 1.6 Mg ⁇ 5.0 Ti ⁇ 0.2 Zn ⁇ 0.1 V 0.05 to 0.3 balance aluminium and impurities.
  • EP-A-0908527 discloses an aluminium casting alloy, in particular suitable as a die-casting alloy, consisting of, in weight percent:- Mg 2.0 - 3.3 Si 0.15 - 0.35 Mn 0.2 - 1.0 Fe ⁇ 0.20 Cu ⁇ 0.05 Cr ⁇ 0.05 Zn ⁇ 0.10 Be ⁇ 0.003 Ti ⁇ 0.20 Ce ⁇ 0.80 balance aluminium and impurities.
  • This casting alloy is capable of achieving a yield strength of more than 100 MPa and an elongation of more than 14%. Further the die-sticking of the alloy in a die-casting operation can be reduced by replacing part of the Mn by more expensive Ce.
  • WO-A-00/17410 discloses an aluminium die-casting alloy, consisting of, in weight percent:- Mg 2.5 - 4.0 Mn 1.0 - 2.0 Fe ⁇ 0.60, preferably 0.25 - 0.60 Si ⁇ 0.45, preferably 0.20 - 0.45 Cu ⁇ 0.10 Zn ⁇ 0.10 Be ⁇ 0.03 balance aluminium and impurities.
  • This aluminium die-casting alloy does not suffer from die-sticking and cast products are capable of achieving a yield strength of at least 117 MPa and an elongation of at least 18%.
  • US-A-4,605,448 discloses an aluminium wrought alloy for use in manufacturing both can body parts and can ends, the aluminium wrought alloy having a composition, in weight percent:- Mg 0.50 - 1.25 Mn 0.30 - 1.50 Si 0.52 - 1.00 balance aluminium and impurities.
  • Can stock material and which is being rolled and otherwise thermo-mechanically treated is not within the technical field of the present invention.
  • YS yield strength
  • UTS tensile strength
  • an aluminium casting alloy having the following composition, in weight percent:- Mg 1.0 - 2.6 Si 0.5 - 2.0 Mn 0.9 - 1.4 Fe ⁇ 0.50 Cu ⁇ 1.0 Zn ⁇ 0.30 Ti ⁇ 0.20 Be ⁇ 0.003 balance aluminium and inevitable impurities.
  • cast products or cast bodies can be provided having high strength in combination with high elongation at fracture.
  • these products have a good corrosion resistance, in particular resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion, and can be welded using known welding techniques for this type of casting alloys.
  • alloys of the present invention have a good castability, in particular in die-casting operations, and no soldering occurs when using the casting alloy.
  • the aluminium casting alloy according to the invention is capable of achieving in the as-cast condition an 0.2% yield strength of more than 120 MPa, in combination with a tensile strength of more than 180 MPa and an elongation at fracture of more than 9%, which mechanical properties are being achieved without the addition of expensive alloying elements such as Sc, V and Ce.
  • the invention also consists in products made from the aluminium casting alloy set out above.
  • Typical examples of such cast products are die-cast, in particular high pressure die-cast, safety components, vehicle wheels, steering wheels, steering columns, airbag modules/cans, brake drums and frame members for a vehicle such as frame members for automobiles and trains.
  • the aluminium casting alloy is particularly suited for manufacturing products having load and impact requirements where properties of high strength and high elongation at fracture are desirable.
  • the present aluminium casting alloy is environmentally friendly and is readily recyclable because it does not contaminate the wrought alloy stream of recycled materials.
  • the aluminium alloy is typically solidified into ingot-derived stock by continuous casting or semi-continuous casting into a shape suitable for remelting for casting, which shape is typically an ingot billet.
  • the improved properties available with the invention results from the combined additions of Mg, Si, and optionally Cu in the given ranges.
  • the aluminium casting alloy is therefore ideally suited for the improved post casting processing. i.e. the elimination of conventional high temperature solution heat treating and optionally ageing at room temperature or elevated temperature, while providing complexly shaped cast products with improved dimensional stability and mechanical properties.
  • the following levels for the Mg, Si and Cu are selected:- Mg 1.0 - 1.6 Si 0.5 - 1.0 Cu 0.5 - 1.0, and preferably 0.5 - 0.75
  • high strength levels are achieved due to the high Cu levels.
  • the corrosion resistance such as resistance to pitting corrosion, is somewhat reduced but still acceptable dependent on the application environment of the cast product.
  • the highest elongation at fracture levels are reached in the as-cast condition.
  • the following levels for the Mg, Si and Cu are selected: Mg 1.5 - 2.6, and preferably 1.7 - 2.4 Si 0.5 - 1.0 Cu ⁇ 0.50, and preferably ⁇ 0.30, and more preferably ⁇ 0.10.
  • the following levels for the Mg, Si and Cu are selected:- Mg 1.5 - 2.6, and preferably 1.7 - 2.4 Si 0.9 - 1.5 Cu 0.5 - 1.0, and preferably 0.5 - 0.75
  • the highest strength levels are achieved in the as-cast condition due to the high levels of Mg, Si and Cu.
  • Mn is an important alloying element for all embodiments of the aluminium casting alloy according to the invention.
  • the Mn level should be in the range of 0.9 to 1.4%.
  • a more preferred Mn level is in the range of 0.9 to 1.3, and more preferably in the range of 1.0 to 1.3 as a compromise in the achievable strength levels and casting behaviour of the aluminium alloy.
  • Fe is a known element in aluminium casting alloys and may be present in a range of up to 0.5 %. At higher levels Fe may form undesirable large compounds with Mn in the holding furnaces typically employed in casting operations. When higher fracture toughness and/or ductility is desired a suitable maximum for the Fe content is 0.4 %, and more preferably 0.3 %, and most preferably 0.2 %.
  • Zn is an impurity element which can be tolerated in an amount of up to 0.30 %.
  • a more preferred upper limit for the Zn is 0.10 %.
  • Ti is important as a grain refiner during solidification of both cast products and welded joint produced using the alloy of the invention.
  • a preferred maximum for Ti addition is 0.2 %, and a more preferred range is of 0.01 to 0.14 %.
  • Be may be added to magnesium containing casting alloys to prevent oxidation of the magnesium in the aluminium alloy, the amount added varying with the magnesium content of the alloy. As little as up to 0.003% causes a protective beryllium oxide film to form on the surface.
  • the Be level has a maximum of 0.003%, and more preferably is absent without detonating the properties of the cast product with this aluminium casting alloy.
  • each impurity is present at 0.05 % maximum and the total of impurities is 0.25 % maximum.
  • the aluminium alloy is capable of achieving in the as-cast condition an 0.2% yield strength of more than 140 MPa, and in the best examples of more than 175 MPa, in combination with a tensile strength of more than 230 MPa, preferably more than 260 MPa, and in combination with an elongation at fracture of more than 10%, and in the best examples even more than 14%.
  • improvements in the mechanical properties of the aluminium casting alloy according to the invention can be obtained by heat-treating the cast product or cast body as is conventional in the art, e.g. high temperature solution heat treating followed by cooling and ageing. This further improvement is achieved at the expense of the loss of the earlier advantage that following casting operation no further heat-treatments are required to achieve a desirable level of mechanical properties.
  • the aluminium casting alloy in accordance with the invention may be processed by applying various casting techniques. The best results are being achieved when applied via permanent mould casting, die-casting, or squeeze casting. In particular when die-casting processes are applied, including vacuum die-casting processes, the best combination of desirable properties and castability characteristics is being obtained. It is believed that by applying vacuum die-casting the weldability characteristics of the aluminium alloy according to the invention may be further improved. It is to be understood here that die-casting includes high-pressure die-casting operations.
  • Table 1 On an industrial scale of casting three aluminium alloys according to the invention, see Table 1, have been die-cast on a Mueller-Weingart cold-chamber-die-casting machine with a locking pressure of 2 MN.
  • the casting parameters varied comprised the preheat temperature of the die (130°C and 210°C) and the back-pressure (500 and 900 bar).
  • the aluminium alloy according to the invention results in very high tensile properties and high elongation in the as-cast condition. These surprisingly high properties are achieved without the need for further heat treatments. Further heat treatment may further increase the strength of the cast product.
  • the UTS and the elongation can be improved by increasing the back-pressure in the die-casting operation. Smaller improvements in mechanical properties can be obtained by increasing the die-temperature. Further improvements can be expected by optimising the casting conditions, in particular by applying vacuum (high pressure) die-casting instead of conventional (high pressure) die-casting.
  • Example 1 having the composition of Alloy no. 2 of Table 1 has been subjected also to a welding operation, during which in particular the development of porosity has been assessed.
  • SCC stress corrosion cracking
  • the surface roughness of the specimens were Ra 0.6-0.7 ⁇ m, applied stress was 80% of the yield strength.
  • the SCC-testing took place in three conditions, namely as-cast, after holding for 1 hour at 190°C, and after holding for 1000 hours at 150°C.
  • the aluminium casting alloy according to the invention showed no cracks in neither three conditions after been tested for SCC according to ASTM G39-90. This qualifies the aluminium die-casting alloy as having a good corrosion resistance, in particular against stress-corrosion cracking, and which good corrosion resistance enhances its applicability for automotive applications.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung bestehend aus, in Gewichtsprozent: Mg 1,0 - 2,6 Si 0,5 - 2,0 Mn 0,9 - 1,4 Fe < 0,50 Cu < 1,0 Zn < 0,30 Ti < 0,20 Be < 0,003 Verunreinigungen jeweils 0,05 max. insgesamt 0,25 max.
    Rest Aluminium.
  2. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach Anspruch 1, wobei Mg 1,0 - 1,6 Si 0,5 - 1,0 Cu 0,5 - 1,0
    ist.
  3. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach Anspruch 1, wobei Mg 1,5 - 2,6 Si 0,9 - 1,5 Cu < 0,5
    ist.
  4. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Mn-Gehalt im Bereich von 0,9 bis 1,3 und bevorzugt im Bereich von 1,0 bis 1,3 liegt.
  5. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei das Aluminiumgussprodukt im Gusszustand eine Höchstzugfestigkeit (UTS) von mindestens 230 MPa und eine 0,2%-Dehngrenze bzw. Streckgrenze (YS) von mindestens 140 MPa und eine Dehnung von mindestens 10% aufweist.
  6. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei das Produkt ein Spritz- bzw. Druckgussprodukt und die Aluminiumgusslegierung eine Spritz- bzw. Druckgusslegierung ist.
  7. Gussprodukt aus einer Aluminiumgusslegierung nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Aluminiumdruckgussprodukt im Gusszustand eine Höchstzugfestigkeit von mindestens 230 MPa und eine 0,2%-Dehngrenze von mindestens 140 MPa sowie eine Dehnung von mindestens 10% aufweist.
  8. Verwendung einer Druckgusslegierung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7 zum Druckgießen von Sicherheitskomponenten bzw. -teilen.
  9. Verwendung einer Druckgusslegierung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7 zum Druckgießen eines Rahmenteils eines Fahrzeugs.
EP20010201442 2000-06-27 2001-04-20 Aluminium-Gusslegierung Expired - Lifetime EP1167560B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20010201442 EP1167560B1 (de) 2000-06-27 2001-04-20 Aluminium-Gusslegierung

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00202222 2000-06-27
EP00202222 2000-06-27
EP20010201442 EP1167560B1 (de) 2000-06-27 2001-04-20 Aluminium-Gusslegierung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1167560A1 EP1167560A1 (de) 2002-01-02
EP1167560B1 true EP1167560B1 (de) 2010-04-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010201442 Expired - Lifetime EP1167560B1 (de) 2000-06-27 2001-04-20 Aluminium-Gusslegierung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1167560B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2551721C1 (ru) * 2014-01-20 2015-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Композит" (ОАО "Композит") Сплав на основе алюминия для паяных конструкций

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060070686A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh High hardness moulding plate and method for producing said plate
US9528804B2 (en) 2013-05-21 2016-12-27 Amick Family Revocable Living Trust Ballistic zinc alloys, firearm projectiles, and firearm ammunition containing the same
CN103343268B (zh) * 2013-07-22 2016-10-26 创金美科技（深圳）有限公司 一种压铸铝合金
CN104493031B (zh) * 2015-01-12 2016-05-04 连云港宝石精密重工科技有限公司 一种卡车铝合金轮毂锻造方法
CN111809086B (zh) * 2019-04-12 2021-12-07 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法和应用
RU2752489C1 (ru) 2020-12-26 2021-07-28 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Институт легких материалов и технологий" Порошковый материал с высокой теплопроводностью

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57143472A (en) * 1981-03-02 1982-09-04 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Manufacture of aluminum alloy sheet for forming
JPS58224141A (ja) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-26 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 成形用アルミニウム合金冷延板の製造方法
JPH01149938A (ja) * 1987-12-08 1989-06-13 Ube Ind Ltd 高圧鋳造用非熱処理型アルミニウム合金
CA2344526A1 (en) * 1998-09-21 2000-03-30 Richard J. Hagan Aluminum die cast alloy having high manganese content

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2551721C1 (ru) * 2014-01-20 2015-05-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Композит" (ОАО "Композит") Сплав на основе алюминия для паяных конструкций

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Publication number Publication date
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