EP1166283B1 - Coating composition for metallic conductors and coating method using same - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrically conductive wire coated with a curable coating composition that forms a cured coating having a high partial discharge resitance and good mechanical properties. A process for coating an electrically conductive wire with a curable coating composition and curing the coating composition to form a coating having high partial discharge resistance and good mechanical properties.

Description

The invention relates to a coating composition for metallic conductors, such as for example wires, with improved partial discharge resistance and good mechanical properties.

Three-phase motors, for example motors controlled by frequency converters, or High voltage asynchronous machines require the use of wire windings, which meet the high requirements for thermal durability and the mechanical properties, especially the bending strength of the insulating layer, are sufficient to withstand high voltage loads or pulsed voltage loads to survive undamaged.

Another requirement for wire windings of electrical equipment is Partial discharge resistance of the wire coatings. In particular, side by side Lying wire windings can be high voltage loads or pulse-shaped Be exposed to voltage loads. For these purposes, the coatings have a high resistance to partial discharge.

According to WO 96/41 909, in the context of a multi-layer coating for wires Coating composition used, which consists of a binder and a particulate material, the particulate material in an amount from 1 to 65% by weight are present in the binder and metal oxides, for example Titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide or clays can be. The particulate material has no chemical reactivity. In the preparation of pre-stretching can occur from such coated wires, which leads to a Destruction of the paint layers and thus a drastic decrease in the Partial discharge resistance.

Similar compositions with comparable properties are described in DE-A 198 32 186.

According to DE-A 196 50 288 contains at least one of the electrically insulating Lacquer layers an organically modified silica (hetero) polycondensate, produced by hydrolytic condensation of compounds of silicon and optionally boron, aluminum, phosphorus, tin, lead, the transition metals, Lanthanides and actinides, with the monomer units essentially consisting from both inorganic and organic components, which subsequently be networked. The result is coatings with good thermal shock resistance and surface quality. High flexibility is not achieved.

In the unpublished German patent application 198 11 333.1 the same applicant is proposed a coating that is resistant to partial discharge, which in addition to binders also element-organic compounds, especially of Contains silicon, germanium, titanium and zircon. As organic residues C1- bis C20 alkyl residues or chelating residues, alkylamine, alkanolamine, acetate, citrate, Lactate and / or acetonate residues used. The organometallic used Compounds are monomeric compounds.

In the unpublished German patent application 198 41 977.5 come inorganic-organic hybrid polymers are used. The transition from monomeric element-organic compounds to element-organic hybrid polymers leads to a further improvement in the partial discharge resistance of the respective Paint layer.

For increased requirements, especially for those in continuous operation AC motors and frequency converter controlled motors is the one achieved Partial discharge resistance still needs improvement.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a coating composition for metallic conductors, in particular to provide wires whose Partial discharge resistance increased compared to the solutions of the prior art is, especially when the coated wire is stretched. In addition, the Applicability of the coating composition as a one-coat application or as Lacquer layer in a multi-layer application, as well as the surface quality and Flexibility of the coating can be improved.

A) 1 bis 60 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer reaktiver Partikel auf der Basis eines Element-Sauerstoff-Netzwerkes mit Elementen aus der Reihe Silicium, Zink Aluminium, Zinn, Bor, Germanium, Gallium, Blei, der Übergangsmetalle, sowie der Lanthaniden und Actiniden, insbesondere aus der Reihe Silicium, Titan, Zink, Ytrium, Cer, Vanadin, Hafnium, Zirkonium, Nickel und/oder Tantal,

B) 0 bis 90 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer üblicher Bindemittel und

C) 0 bis 95 Gew.-% eines oder mehrere üblicher Additive, Lösemittel, Pigmente und/oder Füllstoffe,

wobei an die Oberfläche des Element-Sauerstoff-Netzwerks der reaktiven Partikel, reaktive Funktionen R₁ und gegebenenfalls nichtreaktive und/oder teilreaktive Funktionen R₂ und R₃ über den Sauerstoff des Netzwerkes gebunden sind,
wobei R₁ bis zu einer Menge von 98 Gew.-%, bevorzugt bis zu 40 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt bis zu 30 Gew.-%, R₂ und R₃ in einer Menge von 0 bis 97 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0 bis 40, besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 10 Gew.-% in dem erfindungsgemäßen Nanomer enthalten sind, in denenIt has been shown that this object can be achieved by a coating composition which contains

A) 1 to 60 wt .-% of one or more reactive particles based on an element-oxygen network with elements from the series silicon, zinc aluminum, tin, boron, germanium, gallium, lead, the transition metals, and the lanthanides and Actinides, in particular from the series silicon, titanium, zinc, ytrium, cerium, vanadium, hafnium, zirconium, nickel and / or tantalum,

B) 0 to 90% by weight of one or more conventional binders and

C) 0 to 95% by weight of one or more customary additives, solvents, pigments and / or fillers,

wherein reactive surfaces R ₁ and possibly non-reactive and / or partially reactive functions R ₂ and R ₃ are bound to the surface of the element-oxygen network of the reactive particles via the oxygen of the network,
where R ₁ in an amount of 98% by weight, preferably up to 40% by weight, particularly preferably up to 30% by weight, R ₂ and R ₃ in an amount of 0 to 97% by weight, preferably 0 to 40, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight are contained in the nanomer according to the invention in which

R ₁ represents radicals of the metal acid esters, such as, for example, OTi (OR ₄ ) ₃ , OZr (OR ₄ ) ₃ , OSi (OR ₄ ) ₃ , OSi (R ₄ ) ₃ ; OHf (OR ₄ ) ₃ ; NCO; Urethane, epoxy, epoxy, carboxylic anhydride; C = C double bond systems such as methacrylate, acrylate; OH; alcohols bonded via oxygen, for example bis (1-hydroxymethyl-propane) -1-methylolate, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) -1-propanol-3-propanolate, 2-hydroxypropan-1-ol-3-olate , Esters, ethers, for example 2-hydroxyethanolate, C ₂ H ₄ OH, diethylene glycolate, C ₂ H ₄ OC ₂ H ₄ OH, triethylene glycolate, C ₂ H ₄ OC ₂ H ₄ OC ₂ H ₄ OH; Chelating agents, for example aminotriethanolate, aminodiethanolate, acetylacetonate, ethyl acetoacetate, lactate; COOH; NH ₂ ; NHR ₄ ; and / or esters, reactive resin components, such as. B. OH, SH, COOH, NCO, capped NCO, NH ₂ , epoxy, carboxylic anhydride, C = C, metal esters, silane-containing polyurethanes, polyesters, poly (THEIC) esters, poly (THEIC ) esierimide, polyamideimide, polyamide, polysiloxane, polysulfide, polyvinyl formal, polymer, e.g. B. Polyacrylates.

R ₂ represents residues of aromatics, for example phenyl, cresyl, nonylphenyl, aliphatics, for example branched, linear, saturated, unsaturated alkyl radicals C1 to C30, fatty acid derivatives; linear or branched esters and / or ethers,

R ₃ stands for resin residues, for example polyurethane, polyester, polyester imide, THEIC polyester imide, poly titanium ester resins and their derivatives; Polysiloxane resins with organic derivatives; Polysulfide, polyamide, polyamideimide, polyvinyl formal resins, and / or polymers, such as polyacrylates, polyhydantoins, polybenzimidazoles, and

R ₄ stands for residues of acrylate, phenol, melamine, polyurethane, polyester, polyesterimide, polysulfide, epoxy, polyamide, polyvinyl formal resins; Aromatics, for example phenyl, cresyl, nonylphenyl; Aliphatics, for example branched, linear, saturated, unsaturated alkyl radicals with C1 to C30; esters; Ethers, for example methyl glycolate, methyl diglycolate, ethyl glycolate, butyl diglycolate, diethylene glycolate, triethylene glycolate; Alcoholates, e.g. 1-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,1-dimethylolate, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) -1,3-propanediolate, 2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diolate, ethylene glycolate, neopentyl glycolate, hexanediolate, butanediolate ; Fats, for example castor oil and / or chelating agents, for example aminotriethanolate, aminodiethanolate, acetylacetonate, ethyl acetoacetate, lactate.

The particle of component A) according to the invention consists of an element-oxygen network, on the surface of which the reactive functions R ₁ and possibly non-reactive or partially reactive functions R ₂ and R ₃ are bound via the oxygen of the network. The particles with the functions R ₁ to R _{4 described} are particles whose average radius is in the range from 1 to 300 nm, preferably in a range from 2 to 80 nm, particularly preferably in a range from 4 to 50 nm.

The particle according to the invention is preferred in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight 5 to 30 wt .-%, contained in the coating composition.

The element-oxygen network of the particle according to the invention contains the elements mentioned above, which are bonded via the oxygen. The Network can include one or more, the same or different elements in uniform and / or uneven order each bound to oxygen contain.

The inorganic network preferably contains the elements from the titanium series, Silicon, aluminum and / or zirconium.

For example, compounds based on the products can be used as component A) Nyacol DP 5480 from Nyacol Products Inc. are used.

In the network of the particle according to the invention, if appropriate, also organic units such as Residues of aromatics, aliphatics, esters, ethers, Alcoholates, fats and chelating agents, imides, amides, acrylates can be implemented

As function R ₁ , OTi (OR ₄ ) ₃ , OZr (OR ₄ ) ₃ , acetylacetonate, 2-hydroxyefbanolate, diethylene glycolate, OH are preferably used.

As function R ₃ , residues of the polyesterimides and / or THEIC polyesterimide resins are preferably used.

Acrylate resin, aminotriethanolate, acetylacetonate, polyurethane resin and butyl diglycolate are preferably used as function R ₄ .

The respective radicals R ₁ to R ₄ can be the same or different.

Examples of particles of component A) which can be used according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Fig. 1 shows a particle which has R ₁ OH groups as a reactive function. These OH functions enable it to react with the corresponding functions of, for example, esters, carboxylic acids, isocyanates, epoxides, anhydrides and the like.

The reactivity of the particle according to Fig. 2 is determined by the OH functions as R ₁ and the different resin sequences polyesterimide and THEIC polyesterimide as examples of R ₃ .

The particles according to Fig. 3 and 4 are equipped with orthio-titanium ester functions as a reactive component R ₁ . The particle according to Fig. 4 also has a THEIC polyester imide as the polymer fragment R ₃ .

The organic radicals Z stand for isopropyl, butyl, butyl diglycol, triethanolamine, acetylacetone, polyamideimide, polyurethane and polyesterimide groups as well as aminotriethanolate and epoxy groups, especially selected from the group of R ₄ .

In addition to the particles of component A) used according to the invention can monomeric and / or polymeric element-organic compounds in the Coating composition may be included. Examples of polymeric element-organic Compounds are inorganic-organic hybrid polymers such as for example in the unpublished German patent application 198 41 Called 977.5. Examples of monomeric element-organic compounds are ortho-titanium acid esters and / or otho-zirconic acid esters such as nonyl, cetyl, Stearyl, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, acetylacetone, acetoacetic ester, Tetraisopropyl, cresyl, tetrabutyl titanate or zirconate, and titanium tetralactate. Hafnium and silicon compounds, e.g. Hafnium tetrabutoxide and tetraethyl silicate, and / or various silicone resins.

Such additional polymeric and / or monomeric element-organic compounds can for example with a content 0 to 70 wt .-%, in the invention Composition included.

Component A) can be prepared by conventional hydrolysis and condensation reactions of corresponding element-organic or element-halogen compounds in the presence of organic reactants corresponding to the functions R ₁ to R ₃ .

Likewise, organic resin and / or particle components with appropriate implemented element-oxide compounds to the corresponding particles become.

Such manufacturing methods are known to the skilled worker, see e.g. B. Ralph K. Iler, John Wiley and Sons, "The Chemistry of Silica", New York, pp. 312 ff, 1979.

The composition according to the invention can be one or more as component B) Contain binders as known and known in the wire coating sector are common. These can be, for example, polyesters, polyesterimides, polyamides, Polyamide imides, THEIC polyester imides, polytitanic acid ester THEIC ester imides, Phenolic resins, melamine resins, polymethacrylimides, polyimides, polybismaleimides, Polyetherimides, polybenzoxazinediones, polyhydantoins, polyvinyl formals, Polyvinyl acetals and / or blocked isocyanates. Other binders are e.g. also Epoxies and acrylic resins.

Polyester and / or polyester imides, in particular THEIC polyester imides, preferably come for use.

As polyester, for example, those can be used for Wire coating are known. Polyesters with heterocyclic, nitrogen-containing rings, for example polyester with condensed imide and Hydantoin and benzimidazole structures.

The polyesters are in particular condensation products made from polyvalent ones aliphatic, aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids or their Anhydrides, polyhydric alcohols, in the case of imide-containing compounds containing polyesteramino groups, optionally with a proportion of monofunctional compounds, for example monohydric alcohols.

The saturated polyesterimides are preferably based on terephthalic acid polyesters, which besides diols also polyols and as an additional dicabonic acid component Reaction product from diaminodiphenylmethane and trimellitic anhydride can contain.

Furthermore, unsaturated polyester resins and / or polyester imides can also be used. Unsaturated polyesters and / or polyester imides are preferably used.

Polyamides, for example, can also be used as component B) thermoplastic polyamides as well as polyamideimides, e.g. be made from Trimellitic anhydride and the isocyanato-diphenylmethane. As component B) Phenolic resins and / or polyvinyl formals which can be used are, for example, novolaks, obtainable by polycondensation of phenols and aldehydes, or Polyvinyl formal, available from polyvinyl alcohols and aldehydes and / or Ketones. Capped isocyanates such as e.g. Adducts of polyols, amines, CH-acidic compounds (e.g. acetoacetic ester, Malonic esters and the like) and diisocyanates, the usual way of capping Cresols and phenols can be used.

The compositions, pigments and / or fillers can be used as component C) contain, for example coloring inorganic and / or organic pigments, such as Titanium dioxide or carbon black, and effect pigments, such as metal flake pigments and / or Pearlescent pigments. For example, conventional paint additives can be used as additives be included, for example extenders, plasticizing components, Accelerators (e.g. metal salts, substituted amines), initiators (e.g. Photoinitiators, warmth-sensitive initiators), stabilizers (e.g. Hydroquinones, quinones, alkylphenols, alkylphenol ethers), defoamers, Leveling agents.

To increase the solubility, the compositions can contain organic solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons, N-methylpyrrolidone, cresols, phenols, xylenols, styrenes, vinyl toluene, methyl acrylates.
The compositions according to the invention can contain, for example, 30 to 95% by weight of organic solvents.

If appropriate, the composition according to the invention can also be used conventional wire enamels are mixed and then after usual Procedures are applied.

The application of the composition according to the invention can be carried out independently of Art and diameter of the wire used are carried out by customary methods. there the wire can be coated directly with the composition according to the invention and then baked in an oven. Coating and baking can be done several times if necessary. The arrangement of the stoves can be done horizontally or vertically, the coating conditions such as Duration and number of coatings, baking temperature, Coating speed depending on the type of to be coated Wire can be designed. For example, the coating temperatures in range from room temperature to 400 ° C. In addition, at Also paint ambient temperatures above 400 ° C, for example up to 800 ° C and above, be possible without impairing the quality of the Coating according to the invention can be determined.

In the baking process, the components of the invention Composition, in particular component A) and component B), enter into a chemical reaction with each other. Depending on the chemical Different chemical reactions are possible due to the nature of components A) and B), for example transesterification reactions, polymerization reactions, Addition reactions, condensation reactions. According to the preferred Use for component A) and B) can be preferred condensation reactions expire.

The composition according to the invention can be used regardless of the type and the diameter of the wire, for example wires with with a diameter of 5 µm to 6 mm. As wires they are Usable usual metallic conductors, for example made of copper, aluminum, Zinc, iron, gold, silver or alloys thereof.

The coating composition according to the invention can be part of a Multi-layer coating of the wire may be included. This multi-layer paint job can contain at least one coating composition according to the invention.

According to the invention, the wires can be made with or without existing coatings be coated. Existing coatings can be, for example Insulation coatings and flame retardant coatings. In such cases the layer thickness of the coating according to the invention can differ greatly.

It is also possible to use the coating according to the invention for further coatings make, for example, further insulation coatings. such Coatings can also e.g. as a topcoat for improved mechanical protection as well as the creation of desired surface properties and smoothing serve. Compositions are particularly suitable as topcoats the basis of polyamides, polyamideimides and polyimides.

In particular, the composition according to the invention is also suitable as Single-order.

According to the invention, the composition can be applied in customary layer thicknesses become. Thin layers can also be applied without the Partial discharge resistance achieved according to the invention as well as the adhesion, the strength and stretchability of the coatings is affected. The dry layer thickness can vary according to the standardized values for thin and thick wires.

The coatings achieved with the composition according to the invention enable an increased compared to the previously known compositions Partial discharge resistance of the coating, creating a permanent load under Exposure to high voltages, especially pulsed voltages, becomes possible. They are characterized by an increased durability and a long service life compared to coatings based on monomers and / or polymeric element-organic compounds alone. The Partial discharge resistance of the coated wires can be increased so that these are particularly suitable for use under high voltage loads and Loads of pulsed high voltages.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples:

Production of a wire enamel according to the state of the art Example 1a (comparison)

In a 2 liter three neck flask with stirrer, thermometer and distillation unit 261.2 g of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC), 93.2 g of ethylene glycol, 194.2 g of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and 0.5 g of zinc acetate in 4 hours at 210 ° C heated. 60 g of methanol are distilled off. After cooling to 150 ° C Add 192.1 g trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and 99.0 g methylenedianiline (DADM). Within 3 hours the mixture is heated to 220 ° C. with stirring and a further 3 Heated at this temperature for hours. 33 g of water are distilled off. Now cooling to 180 ° C. and addition of 500 g cresol.

With further stirring, the present resin solution with 882.0 g of cresol, 273.0 g Solvesso 100, 100.0 g xylene, 9.0 g of a commercially available phenolic resin A, 45.0 g of a commercially available phenolic resin B and 18.0 g of ortho-titanium acid tetra-butyl ester ready-made.

The resulting wire enamel has a solids content of 31.3% and one Viscosity of 410 mPas.

Example 1b (comparison)

1800 g of the wire enamel according to Example 1a are mixed with good stirring with 140 g of a particulate SiO ₂ material according to WO 96/41 909 and 320 g cresol and stirred for 60 minutes. The result is a paint dispersion with a solids content of 30.3% and a viscosity of 530 mPas.

Production of wire enamels according to the invention Example 2

1800 g of the wire enamel according to Example 1a are stirred with 200 g "Nyacol DP 5480" (Si-O particles with OH punctures, 30 percent in ethylene glycol, Particle radius: 25 nm, from Nycol Products Inc.) and stirred for 60 minutes. The result is a paint dispersion with a solids content of 30.9% and one Viscosity of 390 mPas.

Example 3

1600 g of the wire enamel according to Example 1a are mixed with 400 g with good stirring "Nyacol DP 5480" added and stirred for 60 minutes. A paint dispersion results with a solids content of 30.6% and a viscosity of 370 mPas.

Example 4

In a 2 liter three neck flask with stirrer, thermometer and distillation unit 130.5 g of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC), 62.0 g of ethylene glycol, 194.2 g of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) with 180.0 g of an OH-functional Si-O particle (average radius: 25 nm), manufactured as by Ralph K. Iller, Loc. cit ,. described, mixed well with vigorous stirring at 70 to 80 ° C and then heated to 210 ° C. in 4 hours with 0.5 g of zinc acetate. 60 g Methanol distilled off. After cooling to 150 ° C., 192.1 g are added Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and 99.0 g methylenedianiline (DADM). Within 3 Heated to 220 ° C with stirring and a further 3 hours at this Temperature maintained. 33 g of water are distilled off. Now it cools down 180 ° C and addition of 500.0 g cresol.

With further stirring, the present resin solution with 900.0 g of cresol, 284.5 g Solvesso 100, 100.0 g xylene, 9.2 g of a commercially available phenolic resin A, 46.2 g of a commercially available phenolic resin B and 18.4 g of ortho-titanium acid tetra-butyl ester ready-made.

The resulting wire enamel has a solids content of 30.8% and one Viscosity of 380 mPas.

Example 5

In a 2 liter three neck flask with stirrer, thermometer and distillation unit 261.2 g of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC), 93.2 g of ethylene glycol, 194.2 g of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and 0.5 g of zinc acetate in 4 hours at 210 ° C heated. 60 g of methanol are distilled off. After cooling to 150 ° C Add 192.1 g trimellitic anhydride (TMA) and 99.0 g methylenedianiline (DADM). Within 3 hours the mixture is heated to 220 ° C. with stirring and a further 3 Heated at this temperature for hours. 33 g of water are distilled off. Now cooling to 180 ° C. and addition of 500 g cresol. Be at 60 to 80 ° C with 45.0 g ortho-titanic acid tetra-isopropyl ester and with very vigorous stirring 190.0 g of an OH-functional Al-O-Si-O particle (average radius: 20 nm), as prepared by Ralph K. Iler, loc. cit., described, offset and within Heated to 205 ° C for 5 hours while distilling off 38.2 g of isopropanol. To Cool and with further stirring, the present resin solution with 1100.0 g Cresol, 355.0 g Solvesso 100, 129.0 g xylene, 11.0 g of a commercially available Phenolic resin A, 50.0 g of a commercially available phenolic resin B, ready-made.

The resulting wire enamel has a solids content of 30.5% and one Viscosity of 370 mPas.

Exams:

Solids content 1g, 1h, 180 ° C [%] DIN EN ISO 3251 Viscosity at 25 ° C [mPas] or [Pas] DIN 53015

application

In a conventional wire coating system, copper wires with a bare wire thickness of 0.3 mm are coated with the wire coatings described in Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1a and 1b (single-layer coating). The resulting layer thickness is 18 µm. Technical data of the coated enamelled copper wires (according to DIN 46453 or DIN EN 60851) Comp. 1a Comp. 1b Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 softening 394 ° C 396 402 ° C 404 ° C 357 ° C 402 ° C Thermal shock 1xd 220 ° C 220 ° C 220 ° C 220 ° C 220 ° C 220 ° C Adhesion and elasticity when wrapping 1xd 25% 10% 20% 15% 20% 15% pencil hardness 3-4 h 4-5 h 6-7 h 6-7 h 6-7 h 6-7 h paintability iO iO iO iO iO iO Lifetime on the converter 0.8 H > 1000h > 1000h > 1000h > 1000h > 1000h Lifetime on the converter 0.5h 390 80h 420h 480h 430h with 5% pre-stretch of the painted wire 0.3 H 21h 70h 430h 490h 410h with 10% pre-stretch of the painted wire 0.2h 13h 60h 430h 500h 430h

Claims (14)

1. Coating composition for electrical conductors, containing

   A) 1 wt.% to 60 wt.% of reactive particles with an average radius in the range from 1 nm to 300 nm based on an element-oxygen network with elements of the series comprising silicon, zinc, aluminium, tin, boron, germanium, gallium, lead, the transition metals, the lanthanides and actinides,

   B) 0 wt.% to 90 wt.% of one or more conventional binders, and

   C) 0 wt.% to 95 wt.% of one or more conventional additives, solvents, pigments and/or fillers,

   wherein, on the surface of the element-oxygen network of reactive particles, reactive functions R₁ and optionally non-reactive and/or partially reactive functions R₂ and R₃ are bound by way of the oxygen of the network,
   R₁ being contained in an amount up to 98 wt.%, R₂ and R₃ in an amount from 0 wt.% to 97 wt.% in the reactive particles, in which
   R₁ represents radicals of the metal acid esters; NCO; urethane groups, epoxide groups, epoxy, carboxylic acid anhydride; C=C double bond systems; OH; alcohols bound by way of oxygen, esters, ethers; chelating agents; COOH; NH₂, NHR₄; and/or reactive resin components;
   R₂ represents radicals of aromatic compounds, aliphatic compounds, fatty acid derivatives; esters and/or ethers,
   R₃ represents resin radicals,
   R₄ represents radicals of acrylate, phenol, melamine, polyurethane, polyester, polyester imide, polysulfide, epoxide, polyamide, polyvinyl formal resins; aromatic compounds, aliphatic compounds; esters; ethers, alcoholates, fats, or chelating agents.
2. Coating composition according to claim 1,
   characterised in that the radical R₁ represents OTi(OR₄)₃, OZr(OR₄)₃, acetyl acetonate, 2-hydroxyethanolate, diethylene glycolate.
3. Coating composition according to claims 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the function R₃ represents radicals of polyester imides and/or THEIC polyester imides.
4. Coating composition according to claim 1, 2, or 3,
   characterised in that the function R₄ represents radicals of acrylate resins, aminotriethanolate, acetyl acetonate, polyurethane resins and/or butyl diglycolate.
5. Coating composition according to claim 1 to 4,
   characterised in that the reactive particles of component A contain a network of elements of the series comprising titanium, aluminium, silicon and/or zirconium bound by way of oxygen.
6. Coating composition according to claim 1 to 5,
   characterised in that the reactive particles of component A have an average radius from 2 nm to 80 nm.
7. Coating composition according to claim 1 to 6,
   characterised in that monomeric and/or polymeric element-organic compounds contained are orthotitanic acid ester, orthozirconic acid ester, titanium tetralactate, hafnium tetrabutoxide, tetraethyl silicate and/or silicone resins.
8. Process for coating metal conductors by application of a coating composition, characterised in that a coating composition according to one of claims 1 to 7 is applied.
9. Process according to claim 8, characterised in that the coating composition is stoved after application.
10. Process according to claim 8, characterised in that an electrically conductive wire is used as the metal conductor.
11. Process according to claim 8 and 10, characterised in that a pre-coated electrical conductor is used.
12. Process according to claim 8 to 11, characterised in that the coating composition according to claim 1 to 7 is used as a single-layer application and/or as a base coat, middle coat and/or top coat.
13. Use of the composition according to one of claims 1 to 7 for coating metal conductors.
14. Coated conductor, which is obtained through the use of the coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7.