EP1166005B1

EP1166005B1 - Method for joining spiral wound pipes

Info

Publication number: EP1166005B1
Application number: EP00902675A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gunnar Blomqvist; Stefan Slotte; Anders Andtbacka
Original assignee: KWH Pipe Oy AB
Current assignee: Uponor Infra Oy
Priority date: 1999-02-03
Filing date: 2000-01-28
Publication date: 2004-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2020-01-28
Also published as: DE60007728T2; JP2002536606A; FI990204A7; RU2230974C2; AU2442800A; DK1166005T3; HK1045184A1; EP1166005A1; DE60007728D1; FI107405B; CA2356750C; EG22655A; PL193611B1; MXPA01007237A; PL349958A1; ATE257925T1; ZA200105487B; FI990204A0; CA2356750A1; WO2000046540A1

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for joining thermoplastic pipes (1) made by spiral winding a hollow profile (2) with mainly rectangular cross section. The method is characterized by the following stages: cutting the profile (2) in the end of the pipe along the inside of the side wall that is fastened to the nearest preceding wound round and with a cut (3) cutting the end of the profile in a right or obtuse angle ( alpha ), of equal size for all pipe ends to be joined together; closing the hole in the cut ends (3) of the profile, and preparing the end surfaces of the pipes along their entire peripheries; positioning two pipes (1) aligned to each other so that the cut profile ends (3) are axially offset; inserting a welding ring (5), matching with the inner and outer diameters of the pipes, between the two pipes (1); which welding ring comprises at least one loop of resistance of wire (8) covered by a thermoplastic sleeve (7); aligning the two pipes (1) with an inner root support (8) and an outer root support (9) around the seam with the welding ring (5); pressing the pipe ends together against each other; connecting the resistance wire (6) of the welding ring to a current source (12) to heat the thermoplastic material in the welding ring (5) and in the pipe ends so that the thermoplastic material melts down and forms a welding seam, cooling the welding seam; removing the root supports (8, 9) and other accessories (10, 11) from the pipe welded together, and cutting off the connecting wires (13) of the welding ring.

Description

This invention relates to a method for joining thermoplastics pipes made by spiral winding of a hollow profile with mainly rectangular cross section, wherein the ends of the thermoplastics pipes are prepared by closing end opening of the hollow profile so that the pipe receives an even stair like end surface, after which the pipes to be joined are positioned aligned with each other.
In joining together of spiral wound pipes, a lot of problems are encountered, either as a consequence of the irregular form of the pipe end with an open profile end, or due to a straightly cut pipe end with an end surface having, over most of the periphery of the pipe, a groove-formed recess passing into the helically extending channel of the profile.
In accordance with previously known methods as, for example, the method according to Fi-A-87318, the joining together of spirally wound pipes has been carried out either by extruder welding from the inside of the pipe, or by pipe sleeve joints. All of these previously known methods tend to require relatively much work. Extruder welding also requires a relatively complicated equipment and the pipe sleeve joints often lead to problems with leaking seams.
The objective of the present invention is to eliminate these problems. This is achieved by a method according to claim 1, wherein
preparing of the pipe end comprises cutting of the profile in the end of the pipe along inside of a side wall that is fastened to nearest preceding wound round resulting in an end surface with a double wall thickness, and cutting of the end of the profile with a section in a right or an obtuse angle, of equal size for all of the ends of the pipes to be joined together,
a disc-formed welding ring, matching with the inner and outer diameters of the pipes, is inserted in the slot between the two pipes, which welding ring comprises at least one loop of a resistance wire covered by a thermoplastics sleeve,
the two pipes are centered with an inner root support and an outer root support around the seam with the welding ring,
the pipe ends are pressed together against each other,
the resistance wire of the welding ring is connected to a current source for heating the thermoplastics material in the welding ring and the pipe ends so that the thermoplastics material melts down and forms a welding seam,
the welding seam is cooled,
the root supports and other accessories are removed from the pipe welded together, and
the connection wires of the welding ring are cutted off.
Using this method, an elegant and simple way to join together spiral wound pipes is provided, resulting in nice, tight, and secure seams. When the outer profile is cut using the method described above, a pipe end is obtained with a double wall thickness, and this will, to a sufficient degree, maintain its rigidity even under the heating process with the welding ring, thus ensuring that a sufficient pressure force can be maintained between the end surfaces of both of the pipes to be joined together.
Other characteristics of the invention will become evident by studying the attached, dependent Claims 2 to 14.
The invention is described in more detail with reference to the attached drawing where
Fig. 1 shows a principle sketch at a stage of the method in accordance with this invention, when all components are installed and before any pressure force is directed to the pipe ends,
Fig. 2 shows an end view of the stage of the method in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows an end view of another embodyment of the method in accordance with this invention,
Fig. 4 shows a completed joint made in accordance with this invention,
Fig. 5 shows an example of a welding ring in accordance with this invention, seen in perspective,
Fig. 6 shows a section A-A through the welding ring in Fig. 4 and/or Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 shows another example of a welding ring in accordance with this invention,
Figs. 8a to 8g show a principle sketch of making a welding ring in accordance with Fig. 6, and
Fig. 9a and 9b show two prefered embodyments of a welding ring.
Two thermoplastic pipes 1, that are made by spiral winding a hollow profile 2 with a mainly rectangular cross section, and by welding together every wound round to the nearest located preceding wound round, are joined together in accordance with this invention in the following way:
The pipe ends to be joined together are cut along the inside of the side wall of the spiral wound profile 2 that is fastened to the nearest preceding wound round of the profile, mainly around the entire periphery of the pipe and with a section 3 that cuts the end of the profile 2 in a right or obtuse angle α which angle has to be of equal size for both pipe ends. The hole in the cut end of the profile 2 is closed with thermoplastics material and the entire pipe end surface is prepared to present an even surface. Thereafter, the two pipes 1 are positioned aligned with each other and carried by adjustable pipe supports 4, so that the cut profile ends 3 are set axially offset in relation to each other. A disc-formed welding ring 5 is inserted in the slot between the two pipe ends. Its dimensions are matched with the inner and outer diameters of the pipe. The welding ring 5 comprises at least one loop of a resistance wire 6 covered by a thermoplastics sleeve 7. Thereafter, the pipe ends are aligned, using an inner root support 8 and an outer root support 9 around the seam with the welding ring 5. These root supports 8, 9 ensure that an absolutely even seam surface is obtained and, at the same time, they prevent the resistance wire 6 of the welding ring 5 from protruding out from the seam during subsequent treatment stages. Both pipes 1 have beforehand been provided with a pipe clamp 10, which pipe clamps 10 are connected to each other by hydraulic cylinders 11 arranged to press the pipe ends against each other. The resistance wire 6 of the welding ring is connected to a current source 12 to heat the thermoplastics material in the welding ring 5 and the end surfaces of the pipes 1 so that the thermoplastics material melts down to form a welding seam, whereafter the welding seam is cooled down and the root supports 8,9 and other auxiliary accessories 10, 11 are removed from the pipe 1 welded together at the same time as the connecting wires 13 between the welding ring 5 and the current source 12 are cut off, after which the joint is completed.
When the ends of the profile 2 are cut with a section cutting the profile perpendicularly, the pipe ends have, in addition to a compressive force pressing the pipe ends together, also to be subjected to a torsional force, e.g. by using a torsion cylinder arrangement 14, as shown in Fig. 3, in order to obtain a necessary compressive force between the cut profile ends 3. The torsion cylinder arrangement 14 comprises a diagonally directed cylinder, arranged to be prestressed and fastened to one of the pipes 1, and two torsion cylinders fastened to the respective ends of said cylinder, which torsion cylinders are arranged to exert a torsion force between the both pipes 1. Hereby, the welding ring 5 must in advance be bent so that it precisely follows the form of the pipe end with the cut profile end 3.
By cutting the profile end 3 with a section cutting the profile 2 in an obtuse angle, such an advantage is reached that a sufficient compressive force is obtained, also between the cut profile ends, by using only the hydraulic cylinders 11, which will considerably facilitate the joining operation. The bigger the angle α is, the better the welding result will be. Very good results can be obtained if the angle α is 135° or 150°. Hereby, also fully flat, somewhat flexible welding rings 5 can be used, which completely match the form of the pipe ends, when the pipe ends are pressed together.
According to a preferred embodyment the closing of the hole in the profile end 3 is carried out by using a thermoplastics plate 15 that is welded to the cut end surface 3 of the profile 2. To further ensure an absolute tightness of the seam, extruded thermoplastics mass can be supplied to the concave angle between the cut profile end 3 provided with the thermoplastics plate 15 and the profile wall in the end surface of the pipe 1, and simultaneously the outer convex angle between said thermoplastic plate 15 and the profile wall in the end surface of the pipe 1 can be somewhat rounded off.
The welding ring 5 used in the method in accordance with the present invention can suitably be produced by extruding a thermoplastic sleeve 7 around a painted resistance wire 6. The thermoplastic sleeve 7 may have a quadratic, a rectangular, as in Fig. 7, or a round profile. The obtained thermoplastics covered resistance wire 6 is wound spirally on a removable spool 16 (Fig. 8a) the core of which having a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the pipe 1 and a length corresponding to the width of the thermoplastics sleeve, the flanges 17 of which are provided with radially directed slots 18 through which the spirally wound windings of the welding ring 5 are joined together by welds, whereby a welding ring in accordance with Figs. 5 and 8b is obtained, showing a profile in accordance with 8c.
If the welding ring 5 must be bent beforehand, this can preferably be carried out between two pressing plates 19, as indicated in Figs. 8d and 8e, which pressing plates 19 have a form matching with that of the end surfaces of the pipes to be joined together. The pressing results in a welding ring in accordance with Fig. 6, respectively 8f, and 8g.
The connecting wires 13 of a welding ring 5 are mostly drawn to the outer periphery of a pipe to be joinded, especially if the pipe has a small diameter, i.e. below 800 mm. In joining pipes having a large diameter, i.e. above 800 mm both connecting wires 13 of the welding ring 5 may preferably be drawn to the inner periphery of the pipe. Also by joining pipes having a small diameter it may be preferable to draw both connecting wires to the inner periphery of the pipe, especially during severe conditions.
According to another embodyment the welding ring 5 may be built up of two concentrically arranged discs, whereby the connecting wires 13 of the outer disc are drawn to the outer periphery of said disc, and the connecting wires 13 of the inner disc to the inner periphery of the latter. Alternatively, the welding ring 5 may comprise two separate loops of resistance wires 6, an inner and an outer, which are connected to their respective current sources, or to a current source with several outputs.
In order to avoid drawing of one connecting wire radially across the whole welding ring the thermoplastics covered resistance wire 6 can be double folded before winding on the spool 16. This will result in a welding ring 5 having both wire ends at its outer periphery, as shown in fig.9a.
According to a preferred embodiment the welding ring 5 is built up of two thermoplastics covered resistance wires 6 and 6a as schematically shown in figure 9b. One end of both wires 6 and 6a are placed one upon another on the core of the previously mentioned removable spool 16 and both wires 6 and 6a are spirally wound on the spool and welded together as previously described. Such a welding ring enables the use of either the inner or the outer ends of the resistance wires 6, 6a as connecting wires whereby the opposite ends of said resistance wires 6, 6a are coupled together by a coupling means 20. In fig. 9b the inner ends of the resistance wires are coupled together by the coupling means 20 and the outer ends are intended to be connected to a current source.

Claims

A method for joining thermoplastics pipes (1) made by spiral winding of a hollow profile (2) with mainly rectangular cross section, wherein the ends of the thermoplastics pipes are prepared by closing end opening of the hollow profile so that the pipe receives an even stair like end surface, after which the pipes to be joined are positioned aligned with each other, wherein
preparing of the pipe end comprises cutting of the profile (2) in the end of the pipe along inside of a side wall that is fastened to nearest preceding wound round resulting in an end surface with a double wall thickness, and cutting of the end (3) of the profile with a section in a right or an obtuse angle (α), of equal size for all of the ends of the pipes to be joined together,
a disc-formed welding ring (5), matching with the inner and outer diameters of the pipes, is inserted in the slot between the two pipes (1), which welding ring comprises at least one loop of a resistance wire (6) covered by a thermoplastics sleeve (7),
the two pipes (1) are centered with an inner root support (8) and an outer root support (9) around the seam with the welding ring (5),
the pipe ends are pressed together against each other,
the resistance wire (6) of the welding ring is connected to a current source (12) for heating the thermoplastics material in the welding ring (5) and the pipe ends so that the thermoplastics material melts down and forms a welding seam,
the welding seam is cooled,
the root supports (8, 9) and other accessories (10, 11) are removed from the pipe welded together, and
the connection wires (13) of the welding ring are cutted off.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the angle (α) in which the profile ends are cut is 135°.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the angle (α) in which the profile ends are cut is 150°.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that closing of the holes in the profile ends (3) is carried out by welding a plastics plate (15) on the cut profile end (3).
A method in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that the concave inner angle between the cut profile end (3) with the plastics plate (15) and the end surface of the pipe is supplied with extruded thermoplastics mass, and the convex outer angle between the plastics plate (15) and the end surface of the pipe is somewhat rounded off.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the welding ring (5) is flexible and matches with the form of the prepared end surface of the pipe ends when the pipe ends are pressed together.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the welding ring (5) is bent beforehand between two pressing plates (19) to the same form as the pipe ends to be joined together.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the pipes (1) are, in addition to the force pressing them together, also exerted to a torsion force in order to obtain a compressive force between the cut profile ends (3) of the pipe ends.
A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the welding ring (5) is manufactured by extruding a thermoplastics sleeve (7) around a painted resistance wire (6) and by spirally winding the obtained thermoplastics covered resistance wire (6) on a removable spool (16) the core of which having a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the pipe (1), and a length corresponding to the width of the thermoplastics sleeve (7), and the flanges (7) of which are provided with radially directed slots (18), through which the in spiral form wound rounds of the welding ring (5) are joined together with each other by welds.
A method in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the connecting wires (13) of the welding ring (5) are drawn either to the outer or the inner periphery of the welding ring (5).
A method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the welding ring (5) is built up by spirally winding two thermoplastics covered resistance wires (6,6a) simultaneously on the removable spool (16).
A method according to claim 11, characterized in that one pair of ends of said resistance wires (6, 6a) is interconnected by means of a coupling means (20) and the opposite pair of ends is connectable to a current source (12).
A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the thermoplastics covered resistance wire (6) is double folded before the winding on the removable spool (16).
A method in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the welding ring (5) is wound by a radially inner and a radially outer profile loop (6), the connecting wires of which are led, respectively, to the inner and the outer peripheries of the welding ring (5).