EP1160531A2 - Cooling element for molten material - Google Patents
Cooling element for molten material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1160531A2 EP1160531A2 EP01113315A EP01113315A EP1160531A2 EP 1160531 A2 EP1160531 A2 EP 1160531A2 EP 01113315 A EP01113315 A EP 01113315A EP 01113315 A EP01113315 A EP 01113315A EP 1160531 A2 EP1160531 A2 EP 1160531A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- cooling element
- element according
- melt
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4646—Cooling arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
Definitions
- Cooling elements for liquid melts in the form of plates or troughs Units so-called “tapping snouts”, have long served All kinds of liquid melts cool down and the solidified melts or fragments thereof from the casting site into containers provided (e.g. Ladles) and / or to transport them away.
- Cooling elements made of different materials have proven particularly useful Material combinations exist and an internal intensive liquid cooling in such a way that they are usually round-shaped cooling bores or have channels inside the cooling elements in the discharge direction the impinging melt to be cooled are arranged.
- This Intensive cooling uses the high one in particular Heat transfer coefficients and mostly uses cooling liquids, such as marlothermal oils, water or molten salt, which can be closed circuit with integrated additional cooler from below into the Cooling element are introduced and then parallel to the drain or Sliding direction of the melt the cooling channels of the cooling element flow through.
- a cooling element for liquid melts with integrated Surface cooling devices in the form of several, usually round Cooling bores or channels (1), which are used to receive a Primary cooling medium (2) inside the cooling element mostly parallel are arranged to each other and in the relative pouring direction Liquid melt and / or run transversely to this, provide, in which the temperature of the material surface at the time of contact with the impinging liquid melt can be kept low and at which makes it difficult for the element material to melt.
- the invention thus relates to a cooling element for liquid melts integrated surface cooling submissions in the form of several Cooling bores or channels that hold a primary cooling medium are arranged inside the cooling element and in relative The pouring direction of the liquid melt and / or run transversely to it, which is characterized by the fact that those of the Liquid melt facing top of the cooling element several arranged parallel to one another and essentially parallel and / or transversely to the integrated cooling channels, open to the top Has longitudinal recesses for receiving a secondary cooling medium.
- the surface cooling devices are preferably in the form of several, mostly round cooling bores or channels (1), which are used to hold a Primary cooling medium (2) usually parallel in the interior of the cooling element are arranged to each other.
- the temperature of the material surface at the time of contact with the liquid melt can be kept below 400 ° C that in addition the desired difficult melting of the upper part of the Cooling element also no longer forms cracks on the surface and that the solidifying melt is targeted during cooling can be crushed, which accelerates the cooling process and what facilitates the transportation of the product.
- the principle of the cooling element according to the invention is based on the The fact that the cooling effect of the integrated cooling channels (1) through the additional and essential to the invention longitudinal depressions (3), which are open at the top of the cooling element becomes.
- Cooling elements which have one or more with the Longitudinal recesses (3) connected holes (5) for distributing the Have secondary cooling medium (4) in the longitudinal recesses (3).
- This can be done in that the bores (5) either from the Coming on the underside, supply the individual longitudinal depressions (3), or through a common main hole at the top of the Cooling element is arranged transversely to the direction of the longitudinal recesses and so out of the cooling element, the longitudinal recesses (3) with the Secondary cooling medium (4) supplied (see Fig. 1).
- the supply can the longitudinal depressions (3) with the secondary cooling medium (4) also via a Bore (5) take place, which in turn transversely to the direction of Longitudinal recesses (3) are not arranged in the cooling element, but in an attachment and therefore the secondary cooling medium is not from inside and below, but from above.
- This variant is from the present invention also includes.
- the present invention longitudinal recesses (3), which have a rectangular Have cross-section, or the groove or groove-shaped are.
- the open area of the longitudinal recesses should be larger than their respective wall surfaces.
- the course of the longitudinal depressions is responsible for the effect of the cooling element of minor importance at the top.
- the only important thing is that the longitudinal depressions are essentially the runoff or Follow the sliding direction of the liquid melt; whether this is straightforward, zigzag or happens in a serpentine shape, has no serious effects the cooling success.
- the top of the cooling element according to the present invention should advantageously be made of a material with high thermal conductivity, in particular with a value between 300 and 380 W / m ⁇ ° K, and / or a dense structure, in particular with a value between 8.8 and 9.2 kg / dm 3 , and / or low wettability with the liquid melt.
- the top surface serves, which is usually made of a copper / silver alloy consists. This is associated with very favorable heat dissipation and additional protection against erosion on the Element surface.
- the primary cooling medium (2) in the present cooling element can be without Problems with common salt melts, marlother oils but also water be used.
- the present invention preferably uses but metal melting as the primary cooling medium (2), with melting of Bismuth or its alloys are particularly preferred.
- Suitable secondary cooling media (4) are inert gases such as e.g. B. nitrogen, liquefied gases, moist gases or gas mixtures or but also fluidizable inert powders.
- inert gases such as e.g. B. nitrogen, liquefied gases, moist gases or gas mixtures or but also fluidizable inert powders.
- the number of Longitudinal recesses (3) and their arrangement based on the integrated Cooling channels (1) can be varied. So can the number of longitudinal wells correspond to or exceed the number of cooling channels; the Longitudinal depressions can be related to the cooling channels between them and / or just above it.
- the present invention contemplates Cooling element in front, which consists of an upper (6) and a lower plate (7) exists, which are preferably sealed against each other, which by a Squeeze or ring seal (8) can be done.
- the upper (6) and the lower plate (7) in the sense of a tight fit with each other be screwed, which also provides for the invention.
- the advantage of this Design can be seen in particular in the fact that the integrated cooling channels (1) in contrast to drilling from a full block, incorporated more easily can be, and that for the two plates different Materials (ideally with different thermal conductivity) can be used, which in turn also the invention considered.
- a variant of the cooling element has also proven particularly useful the integrated cooling channels (1) in the area of the connecting screws (9) have an annular groove (9a) between the upper (6) and lower plate (7), through which the primary cooling medium (2) flows. That way you can in addition to the two plates (6; 7) also the screws (9) cooled become. In this embodiment, it is thus possible to determine the number of open longitudinal recesses (3) to reduce or even completely dispense with, since in this case the cooled screws (9) additional heat dissipation takes place inside the cooling element.
- the thickness is preferably up to 1.5 mm.
- thermocouple (10) which is ideally central in the upper part of the cooling element is arranged, but also in a plurality can be located both in the top plate (6) and in the bottom plate (7).
- the invention also provides the cooling element for the purpose transporting the cooled liquid melt away as an inclined plane arrange a preferred angle of inclination between 30 and 60 °, which means that the cooled melt leaves the casting area more quickly can;
- An arrangement of the cooling element as is equally well suited Vibrating channel with a preferred drive by means of an unbalance exciter, Slider crank, resonance system or kinematics system, as a roller with preferably a horizontal scraper or as a plate or disc vertical shaft.
- cooling elements have proven particularly useful, which in turn for the purpose of carrying away the cooled Liquid melt a feed device for liquid or gaseous or fluidized powdery inert media or reaction media as Have secondary cooling medium (4).
- This is primarily the lubricity the solidifying or solidified melt increases and the relative Movement on a "cushion" supported.
- the flushing effect dampened by the melt and erosion processes on the surface of the Cooling element are mitigated. That the liquid melt through these inert media are additionally cooled and the liquid melt stream or the cooling melt areas are thereby broken is a further advantage of this preferred embodiment.
- cooling element according to the invention for Liquid melting is a significant improvement over the state of the art Technology because it primarily increases occupational safety Reduced material costs and the solidified and now received makes evenly divided melts easier to handle.
- a cooling element for liquid melts with integrated is described
- Surface cooling devices in the form of several, usually round Cooling bores or channels that hold a primary cooling medium are usually arranged parallel to each other inside the cooling element and in the relative pouring direction of the liquid melt and / or across this run, and which is characterized in that the impinging liquid melt facing the top of the cooling element several arranged parallel to each other and essentially parallel and / or transverse to the integrated cooling channels, to the top open longitudinal recesses for receiving a secondary cooling medium having.
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Abstract
Description
Abkühlelemente für Flüssigschmelzen in Form platten- oder trogförmiger Einheiten, sog. "Abstichschnauzen", dienen seit Langem dazu, Flüssigschmelzen jeglicher Art abzukühlen und die erstarrten Schmelzen oder Bruchstücke davon vom Gießort in bereitgestellte Behälter (z. B. Pfannen) zu leiten und/oder wegzutransportieren.Cooling elements for liquid melts in the form of plates or troughs Units, so-called "tapping snouts", have long served All kinds of liquid melts cool down and the solidified melts or fragments thereof from the casting site into containers provided (e.g. Ladles) and / or to transport them away.
Bewährt haben sich insbesondere Abkühlelemente, die aus verschiedenen Werkstoffpaarungen bestehen und eine innere Intensivflüssigkeitskühlung in der Art aufweisen, dass sie meist rund ausgeformte Kühlungsbohrungen oder -kanäle besitzen, die im Innern der Abkühlelemente in Abfließrichtung der auftreffenden und abzukühlenden Schmelze angeordnet sind. Diese Intensivkühlung nutzt insbesondere den hohen Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten und bedient sich zumeist Kühlflüssigkeiten, wie Marlothermöle, Wasser oder Salzschmelzen, die mit Hilfe eines geschlossenen Kreislaufes mit integriertem Zusatzkühler von unten in das Abkühlelement eingebracht werden und dann parallel zur Abfluss- bzw. Abgleitrichtung der Schmelze die Kühlungskanäle des Abkühlelements durchströmen.Cooling elements made of different materials have proven particularly useful Material combinations exist and an internal intensive liquid cooling in such a way that they are usually round-shaped cooling bores or have channels inside the cooling elements in the discharge direction the impinging melt to be cooled are arranged. This Intensive cooling uses the high one in particular Heat transfer coefficients and mostly uses cooling liquids, such as marlothermal oils, water or molten salt, which can be closed circuit with integrated additional cooler from below into the Cooling element are introduced and then parallel to the drain or Sliding direction of the melt the cooling channels of the cooling element flow through.
Aufgrund der trotz Intensivkühlung immer noch sehr großen Temperaturdifferenzen auf der Oberfläche der Oberseite des Abkühlelementes kommt es insbesondere dort zu enormen Werkstoffbeanspruchungen und damit einhergehenden Rissbildungen in der Oberfläche, was schlimmstenfalls zu Absprengungen oder Anschmelzungen von Flächenteilen der Oberseite des Abkühlelementes oder gar zu einem Durchschmelzen des gesamten Abkühlelementes führen kann. Speziell bei Calciumcarbidschmelzen kann dies im Zusammenwirkung mit Wasser als Kühlflüssigkeit zu explosionsartigen Ereignissen führen.Because of the still very large despite intensive cooling Temperature differences on the surface of the top of the Cooling element there is enormous, in particular Material stresses and associated cracks in the Surface, which in the worst case can cause chipping or melting from parts of the surface of the top of the cooling element or even to one Melt the entire cooling element. Especially at Calcium carbide melts can do this in conjunction with water Coolant can cause explosive events.
Aufgrund dieser Nachteile des Standes der Technik hat sich deshalb die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Abkühlelement für Flüssigschmelzen mit integrierten Oberflächenkühleinrichtungen in Form mehrerer, meist runder Kühlbohrungen oder -kanäle (1), die zur Aufnahme eines Primärkühlmediums (2) im Inneren des Abkühlelementes meist parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und in relativer Ausgießrichtung der Flüssigschmelze und/oder quer zu dieser verlaufen, bereitzustellen, bei dem die Temperatur der Werkstoffoberfläche zum Zeitpunkt des Kontaktes mit der auftreffenden Flüssigschmelze niedrig gehalten werden kann und bei der ein Anschmelzen des Elementwerkstoffes erschwert wird.Because of these disadvantages of the prior art, the Task, a cooling element for liquid melts with integrated Surface cooling devices in the form of several, usually round Cooling bores or channels (1), which are used to receive a Primary cooling medium (2) inside the cooling element mostly parallel are arranged to each other and in the relative pouring direction Liquid melt and / or run transversely to this, provide, in which the temperature of the material surface at the time of contact with the impinging liquid melt can be kept low and at which makes it difficult for the element material to melt.
Gelöst wurde diese Aufgabe mit einem Abkühlelement, bei dem die der auftreffenden Flüssigschmelze zugewandte Oberseite des Abkühlelementes mehrere parallel zueinander angeordnete und im wesentlichen parallel und/oder quer zu den integrierten Kühlkanälen (1) verlaufende, zur Oberseite hin offene Längsvertiefungen (3) zur Aufnahme eines Sekundärkühlmediums (4) aufweist.This task was solved with a cooling element in which the impinging liquid melt facing the top of the cooling element several arranged parallel to each other and essentially parallel and / or transverse to the integrated cooling channels (1) for Longitudinal recesses (3) open at the top for receiving a Secondary cooling medium (4).
Die Erfindung betrifft somit ein Abkühlelement für Flüssigschmelzen mit integrierten Oberflächenkühleinreichtungen in Form mehrerer Kühlbohrungen oder -kanäle, die zur Aufnahme eines Primärkühlmediums im Inneren des Abkühlelementes angeordnet sind und in relativer Ausgießrichtung der Flüssigschmelze und/oder quer zu dieser verlaufen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die der auftreffenden Flüssigschmelze zugewandte Oberseite des Abkühlelementes mehrere parallel zueinander angeordnete und im Wesentlichen parallel und/oder quer zu den integrierten Kühlkanälen verlaufende, zur Oberseite hin offene Längsvertiefungen zur Aufnahme eines Sekundärkühlmediums aufweist.The invention thus relates to a cooling element for liquid melts integrated surface cooling submissions in the form of several Cooling bores or channels that hold a primary cooling medium are arranged inside the cooling element and in relative The pouring direction of the liquid melt and / or run transversely to it, which is characterized by the fact that those of the Liquid melt facing top of the cooling element several arranged parallel to one another and essentially parallel and / or transversely to the integrated cooling channels, open to the top Has longitudinal recesses for receiving a secondary cooling medium.
Die Oberflächenkühleinrichtungen liegen bevorzugt in Form mehrerer, meist runder Kühlbohrungen oder -kanäle (1) vor, die zur Aufnahme eines Primärkühlmediums (2) im Inneren des Abkühlelements meist parallel zueinander angeordnet sind.The surface cooling devices are preferably in the form of several, mostly round cooling bores or channels (1), which are used to hold a Primary cooling medium (2) usually parallel in the interior of the cooling element are arranged to each other.
Überraschend konnte mit diesem Abkühlelement festgestellt werden, dass die Temperatur der Werkstoffoberfläche zum Zeitpunkt des Kontaktes mit der Flüssigschmelze bei unter 400 °C gehalten werden kann, dass neben dem gewünschten erschwerten Anschmelzen des Oberteils des Abkühlelementes auch auf deren Oberfläche keine Rissbildung mehr auftritt und dass die erstarrende Schmelze während des Abkühlens gezielt zerkleinert werden kann, wodurch sich der Abkühlvorgang beschleunigt und was den Transport des Produktes erleichtert.It was surprisingly found with this cooling element that the temperature of the material surface at the time of contact with the liquid melt can be kept below 400 ° C that in addition the desired difficult melting of the upper part of the Cooling element also no longer forms cracks on the surface and that the solidifying melt is targeted during cooling can be crushed, which accelerates the cooling process and what facilitates the transportation of the product.
Das Prinzip des erfindungsgemäßen Abkühlelementes beruht auf der Tatsache, dass der Abkühleffekt der integrierten Kühlkanäle (1) durch die zusätzlichen und erfindungswesentlichen Längsvertiefungen (3), die sich nach oben offen an der Oberseite des Abkühlelements befinden, unterstützt wird.The principle of the cooling element according to the invention is based on the The fact that the cooling effect of the integrated cooling channels (1) through the additional and essential to the invention longitudinal depressions (3), which are open at the top of the cooling element becomes.
Da die zusätzlichen und erfindungswesentlichen Längsvertiefungen (3) von einem Sekundärkühlmedium (4) durchströmt werden, wird zum einen die Oberfläche der Oberseite des Abkühlelements, aber auch dessen gesamte Oberseite abgekühlt, wodurch sich eine deutliche Temperaturdifferenz zur auftreffenden Schmelze ergibt; zum anderen kann sich zwischen der Oberfläche des Abkühlelements und dem Schmelzfluss eine Luft- oder Gasschicht ausbilden, auf der die abzukühlende bzw. erstarrte Schmelze berührungslos gleitet. Since the additional and essential longitudinal recesses (3) of are flowed through a secondary cooling medium (4), on the one hand Surface of the top of the cooling element, but also its entire surface Cooled the top, causing a clear temperature difference to the impinging melt results; on the other hand, there can be between the Surface of the cooling element and the melt flow an air or Form gas layer on which the melt to be cooled or solidified non-contact glides.
Besonders bewährt haben sich Abkühlelemente, die platten-, trog-, walzen, teller- oder rinnenförmig sind, die also zum Abkühlzweck eine möglichst große Oberfläche bereitstellen.Cooling elements that plate, trough, roll, are plate-shaped or trough-shaped, so as possible for cooling purposes provide a large surface.
Bevorzugt werden auch Abkühlelemente, die eine oder mehrere mit den Längsvertiefungen (3) verbundene Bohrungen (5) zum Verteilen des Sekundärkühlmediums (4) in die Längsvertiefungen (3) aufweisen. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, dass die Bohrungen (5) entweder von der Unterseite kommend jeweils die einzelnen Längsvertiefungen (3) versorgen, oder durch eine gemeinsame Hauptbohrung die am oberen Ende des Abkühlelementes quer zur Richtung der Längsvertiefungen angeordnet ist und so aus dem Abkühlelement heraus die Längsvertiefungen (3) mit dem Sekundärkühlmedium (4) versorgt (vgl. Abb. 1). Dabei kann die Speisung der Längsvertiefungen (3) mit dem Sekundärkühlmedium (4) auch über eine Bohrung (5) erfolgen, die wiederum quer zur Richtung der Längsvertiefungen (3) angeordnet sich nicht im Abkühlelement, sondern in einem Aufsatz befindet und somit das Sekundärkühlmedium nicht von innen und unten, sondern von oben zuführt. Diese Variante wird von der vorliegenden Erfindung ebenfalls umfasst.Cooling elements which have one or more with the Longitudinal recesses (3) connected holes (5) for distributing the Have secondary cooling medium (4) in the longitudinal recesses (3). This can be done in that the bores (5) either from the Coming on the underside, supply the individual longitudinal depressions (3), or through a common main hole at the top of the Cooling element is arranged transversely to the direction of the longitudinal recesses and so out of the cooling element, the longitudinal recesses (3) with the Secondary cooling medium (4) supplied (see Fig. 1). The supply can the longitudinal depressions (3) with the secondary cooling medium (4) also via a Bore (5) take place, which in turn transversely to the direction of Longitudinal recesses (3) are not arranged in the cooling element, but in an attachment and therefore the secondary cooling medium is not from inside and below, but from above. This variant is from the present invention also includes.
Zur Gewährleistung eines möglichst großen Abkühleffektes sieht die vorliegende Erfindung Längsvertiefungen (3) vor, die einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen, oder aber die rillen- oder nutförmig ausgebildet sind. Idealerweise sollte die offene Fläche der Längsvertiefungen größer sein als deren jeweilige Wandflächen.To ensure the greatest possible cooling effect, the present invention longitudinal recesses (3), which have a rectangular Have cross-section, or the groove or groove-shaped are. Ideally, the open area of the longitudinal recesses should be larger than their respective wall surfaces.
Für die Wirkung des Abkühlelementes ist der Verlauf der Längsvertiefungen an deren Oberseite von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Wichtig ist lediglich, dass die Längsvertiefungen im Wesentlichen der Abfluss- bzw. Abgleitrichtung der Flüssigschmelze folgen; ob dies geradlinig, zickzackoder schlangenförmig geschieht, hat keine gravierenden Auswirkungen auf den Abkühlerfolg. The course of the longitudinal depressions is responsible for the effect of the cooling element of minor importance at the top. The only important thing is that the longitudinal depressions are essentially the runoff or Follow the sliding direction of the liquid melt; whether this is straightforward, zigzag or happens in a serpentine shape, has no serious effects the cooling success.
Hingegen sollte die Oberseite des Abkühlelementes gemäß vorliegender Erfindung vorteilhafterweise aus einem Werkstoff mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit, insbesondere mit einem Wert zwischen 300 und 380 W/m·°K, und/oder dichtem Gefüge, insbesondere mit einem Wert zwischen 8,8 und 9,2 kg/dm3, und/oder geringer Benetzbarkeit mit der Flüssigschmelze gefertigt sein.On the other hand, the top of the cooling element according to the present invention should advantageously be made of a material with high thermal conductivity, in particular with a value between 300 and 380 W / m · ° K, and / or a dense structure, in particular with a value between 8.8 and 9.2 kg / dm 3 , and / or low wettability with the liquid melt.
Für die Benetzbarkeit ist bekanntermaßen immer in Abhängigkeit von dem jeweils verwendeten Werkstoff das entsprechende Verhältnis von Adhäsion zu Kohäsion experimentell zu ermitteln, doch sollte dieses aus leicht verständlichen Gründen immer möglichst niedrig sein.As is known, wettability always depends on that the material used in each case has the corresponding ratio of adhesion to determine cohesion experimentally, but this should be easy understandable reasons should always be as low as possible.
Dies erfordert in der Regel eine galvanische Beschichtung der Oberseite. Als Werkstoff hat sich bspw. im Zusammenhang mit Calciumcarbidschmelzen Nickel bestens bewährt, das als Auflage für die Oberfläche der Oberseite dient, die in der Regel aus einer Kupfer/Silber-Legierung besteht. Damit ist eine sehr günstige Wärmeableitung verbunden und zusätzlich ein Schutz vor Erosionserscheinungen an der Elementoberfläche.This usually requires a galvanic coating on the top. As a material has, for example, in connection with Calcium carbide melts nickel has been tried and tested as a support for the The top surface serves, which is usually made of a copper / silver alloy consists. This is associated with very favorable heat dissipation and additional protection against erosion on the Element surface.
Als Primärkühlmedium (2) können beim vorliegenden Abkühlelement ohne Probleme die gängigen Salzschmelzen, Marlothermöle aber auch Wasser eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise bedient sich die vorliegende Erfindung aber Metallschmelzen als Primärkühlmedium (2), wobei Schmelzen von Wismut oder dessen Legierungen besonders bevorzugt sind.The primary cooling medium (2) in the present cooling element can be without Problems with common salt melts, marlother oils but also water be used. The present invention preferably uses but metal melting as the primary cooling medium (2), with melting of Bismuth or its alloys are particularly preferred.
Geeignete Sekundärkühlmedien (4) sind erfindungsgemäß Inertgase wie z. B. Stickstoff, verflüssigte Gase, feuchte Gase oder Gasgemische oder aber auch fluidisierbare inerte Pulver.Suitable secondary cooling media (4) according to the invention are inert gases such as e.g. B. nitrogen, liquefied gases, moist gases or gas mixtures or but also fluidizable inert powders.
In Abhängigkeit von dem zu erzielenden Kühleffekt kann die Anzahl der Längsvertiefungen (3) und deren Anordnung bezogen auf die integrierten Kühlkanäle (1) variiert werden. So kann die Anzahl der Längsvertiefungen der Anzahl der Kühlkanäle entsprechen oder diese übersteigen; die Längsvertiefungen können bezogen auf die Kühlkanäle zwischen diesen und/oder genau darüber liegen.Depending on the cooling effect to be achieved, the number of Longitudinal recesses (3) and their arrangement based on the integrated Cooling channels (1) can be varied. So can the number of longitudinal wells correspond to or exceed the number of cooling channels; the Longitudinal depressions can be related to the cooling channels between them and / or just above it.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sieht die vorliegende Erfindung ein Abkühlelement vor, das aus einer Ober- (6) und einer Unterplatte (7) besteht, die vorzugsweise gegeneinander abgedichtet sind, was durch eine Quetsch- oder Ringdichtung (8) erfolgen kann. Außerdem können die Ober-(6) und die Unterplatte (7) im Sinne eines dichten Schlusses miteinander verschraubt sein, was die Erfindung ebenfalls vorsieht. Der Vorteil dieser Bauart ist insbesondere darin zu sehen, dass die integrierten Kühlkanäle (1) im Gegensatz zum Bohren aus einem Vollblock leichter eingearbeitet werden können, und dass für die beiden Platten unterschiedliche Werkstoffe (mit idealerweise unterschiedlichen Wärmeleitvermögen) verwendet werden können, was die Erfindung wiederum ebenfalls berücksichtigt.In a preferred embodiment, the present invention contemplates Cooling element in front, which consists of an upper (6) and a lower plate (7) exists, which are preferably sealed against each other, which by a Squeeze or ring seal (8) can be done. In addition, the upper (6) and the lower plate (7) in the sense of a tight fit with each other be screwed, which also provides for the invention. The advantage of this Design can be seen in particular in the fact that the integrated cooling channels (1) in contrast to drilling from a full block, incorporated more easily can be, and that for the two plates different Materials (ideally with different thermal conductivity) can be used, which in turn also the invention considered.
Besonders bewährt hat sich auch eine Variante des Abkühlelementes, bei der die integrierten Kühlkanäle (1) im Bereich der Verbindungsschrauben (9) zwischen Ober- (6) und Unterplatte (7) jeweils eine Ringnut (9a) aufweisen, die vom Primärkühlmedium (2) durchströmt wird. Auf diese Weise können zusätzlich zu den beiden Platten (6; 7) auch die Schrauben (9) gekühlt werden. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist es somit möglich, die Anzahl der offenen Längsvertiefungen (3) zu reduzieren oder sogar ganz auf diese zu verzichten, da in diesem Fall über die gekühlten Schrauben (9) eine zusätzliche Wärmeableitung in das Innere des Abkühlelementes erfolgt.A variant of the cooling element has also proven particularly useful the integrated cooling channels (1) in the area of the connecting screws (9) have an annular groove (9a) between the upper (6) and lower plate (7), through which the primary cooling medium (2) flows. That way you can in addition to the two plates (6; 7) also the screws (9) cooled become. In this embodiment, it is thus possible to determine the number of open longitudinal recesses (3) to reduce or even completely dispense with, since in this case the cooled screws (9) additional heat dissipation takes place inside the cooling element.
Als äußerst vorteilhaft hat sich ebenfalls gezeigt, wenn die Oberseite der Oberplatte (6) eine Nickelbeschichtung aufweist, deren Stärke vorzugsweise bis 1,5 mm beträgt. It has also been shown to be extremely advantageous if the top of the Upper plate (6) has a nickel coating, the thickness is preferably up to 1.5 mm.
Zu empfehlen ist auch die Ausstattung des Abkühlelementes mit mindestens einem Thermoelement (10), das idealerweise zentral im Oberteil des Abkühlelementes angeordnet ist, das sich aber auch in Mehrzahl sowohl in der Oberplatte (6) als auch in der Unterplatte (7) befinden kann.It is also recommended to equip the cooling element with at least one thermocouple (10), which is ideally central in the upper part of the cooling element is arranged, but also in a plurality can be located both in the top plate (6) and in the bottom plate (7).
Schließlich sieht die Erfindung auch vor, das Abkühlelement zum Zwecke des Wegbeförderns der abgekühlten Flüssigschmelze als schiefe Ebene mit einem bevorzugen Neigungswinkel zwischen 30 und 60 ° anzuordnen, wodurch die abgekühlte Schmelze schneller den Gießbereich verlassen kann; ähnlich gut geeignet ist eine Anordnung des Abkühlelementes als Schwingrinne mit einem bevorzugten Antrieb mittels Unwuchterreger, Schubkurbel, Resonanzsystem oder Kinematiksystem, als Walze mit bevorzugt waagrechtem Schaber oder als Teller oder Scheibe mit bevorzugt senkrechter Welle.Finally, the invention also provides the cooling element for the purpose transporting the cooled liquid melt away as an inclined plane arrange a preferred angle of inclination between 30 and 60 °, which means that the cooled melt leaves the casting area more quickly can; An arrangement of the cooling element as is equally well suited Vibrating channel with a preferred drive by means of an unbalance exciter, Slider crank, resonance system or kinematics system, as a roller with preferably a horizontal scraper or as a plate or disc vertical shaft.
In diesem Zusammenhang haben sich Abkühlelemente besonders bewährt, die wiederum zum Zweck des Wegbefördern der abgekühlten Flüssigschmelze eine Aufgabevorrichtung für flüssige oder gasförmige oder fluidisierte pulverförmige Inertmedien oder Reaktionsmedien als Sekundärkühlmedium (4) aufweisen. Damit wird vorrangig die Gleitfähigkeit der erstarrenden bzw. erstarrten Schmelze erhöht und die relative Bewegung auf einem "Polster" unterstützt. Zudem kann die Spühlwirkung durch die Schmelze gedämpft und Erosionsvorgänge an der Oberfläche des Abkühlelementes abgemildert werden. Dass die Flüssigschmelze durch diese Inertmedien zusätzlich abgekühlt und der flüssige Schmelzestrom bzw. die abkühlenden Schmelzebereiche dadurch zerteilt werden, ist ein weiterer Vorteil dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform.In this context, cooling elements have proven particularly useful, which in turn for the purpose of carrying away the cooled Liquid melt a feed device for liquid or gaseous or fluidized powdery inert media or reaction media as Have secondary cooling medium (4). This is primarily the lubricity the solidifying or solidified melt increases and the relative Movement on a "cushion" supported. In addition, the flushing effect dampened by the melt and erosion processes on the surface of the Cooling element are mitigated. That the liquid melt through these inert media are additionally cooled and the liquid melt stream or the cooling melt areas are thereby broken is a further advantage of this preferred embodiment.
Insgesamt stellt das erfindungsgemäße Abkühlelement für Flüssigschmelzen eine deutliche Verbesserung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik dar, da es vorrangig die Arbeitssicherheit erhöht, den Materialaufwand herabsetzt und die erhaltenen erstarrten und jetzt gleichmäßig zerteilten Schmelzen leichter handhabbar macht.Overall, the cooling element according to the invention for Liquid melting is a significant improvement over the state of the art Technology because it primarily increases occupational safety Reduced material costs and the solidified and now received makes evenly divided melts easier to handle.
Die nachfolgenden Abbildungen verdeutlichen die Vorteile des
erfindungsgemäßen Abkühlelements:
Beschrieben wird ein Abkühlelement für Flüssigschmelzen mit integrierten Oberflächenkühleinrichtungen in Form mehrerer, meist runder Kühlbohrungen oder -kanäle, die zur Aufnahme eines Primärkühlmediums im inneren des Abkühlelementes meist parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und in relativer Ausgießrichtung der Flüssigschmelze und/oder quer zu dieser verlaufen, und das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die der auftreffenden Flüssigschmelze zugewandte Oberseite des Abkühlelementes mehrere parallel zueinander angeordnete und im wesentlichen parallel und/oder quer zu den integrierten Kühlkanälen verlaufende, zur Oberseite hin offene Längsvertiefungen zur Aufnahme eines Sekundärkühlmediums aufweist. Mit einem so ausgestalteten Abkühlelement wird die Gleitfähigkeit der erstarrenden bzw. erstarrten Schmelze erhöht und deren relative Bewegung auf der Abkühlelementoberfläche unterstützt. Insgesamt ist mit dem vorgeschlagenen Abkühlelement eine Erhöhung der Arbeitssicherheit gegeben, der Materialaufwand wird herabgesetzt und die in neuer Qualität erhaltenen Schmelzen sind leichter handhabbar.A cooling element for liquid melts with integrated is described Surface cooling devices in the form of several, usually round Cooling bores or channels that hold a primary cooling medium are usually arranged parallel to each other inside the cooling element and in the relative pouring direction of the liquid melt and / or across this run, and which is characterized in that the impinging liquid melt facing the top of the cooling element several arranged parallel to each other and essentially parallel and / or transverse to the integrated cooling channels, to the top open longitudinal recesses for receiving a secondary cooling medium having. With a cooling element designed in this way, the Slidability of the solidifying or solidified melt increases and their supports relative movement on the cooling element surface. All in all is an increase in the proposed cooling element Occupational safety is given, the cost of materials is reduced and the Melts obtained in new quality are easier to handle.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10027437 | 2000-06-02 | ||
DE2000127437 DE10027437A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2000-06-02 | Cooling element for liquid melts |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1160531A2 true EP1160531A2 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
EP1160531A3 EP1160531A3 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
Family
ID=7644504
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP01113315A Withdrawn EP1160531A3 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2001-05-31 | Cooling element for molten material |
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EP (1) | EP1160531A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10027437A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20101523A1 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-07 | Tenova Spa | FLUID-COOLED PANEL FOR METALLURGICAL OVENS, COOLING SYSTEM FOR METALLURGICAL OVENS INCLUDING SUCH PANEL AND METALLURGICAL OVEN INCORPORATING THE SAME |
CN114823249A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Cooling device, high-voltage box, battery and power utilization device |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004032026A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-15 | Sms Demag Ag | Heat sink, in particular for the walls of the upper furnace of an electric arc furnace or a shaft furnace |
Citations (4)
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GB1189470A (en) * | 1967-12-12 | 1970-04-29 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvements relating to Launders |
WO1981003538A1 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1981-12-10 | J Gustavsson | Recovery boiler spout |
US5904893A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1999-05-18 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Ag | Plate cooler for metallurgical furnaces, blast furnaces, direct reduction reactors and gassing units provided with a refractory lining particularly for the iron and steel industry |
EP0926248A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-06-30 | Hoogovens Technical Services Europe BV | Runner for guiding a flow of liquid metal |
-
2000
- 2000-06-02 DE DE2000127437 patent/DE10027437A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-05-31 EP EP01113315A patent/EP1160531A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1189470A (en) * | 1967-12-12 | 1970-04-29 | British Iron Steel Research | Improvements relating to Launders |
WO1981003538A1 (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1981-12-10 | J Gustavsson | Recovery boiler spout |
US5904893A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1999-05-18 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Ag | Plate cooler for metallurgical furnaces, blast furnaces, direct reduction reactors and gassing units provided with a refractory lining particularly for the iron and steel industry |
EP0926248A1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-06-30 | Hoogovens Technical Services Europe BV | Runner for guiding a flow of liquid metal |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20101523A1 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-07 | Tenova Spa | FLUID-COOLED PANEL FOR METALLURGICAL OVENS, COOLING SYSTEM FOR METALLURGICAL OVENS INCLUDING SUCH PANEL AND METALLURGICAL OVEN INCORPORATING THE SAME |
WO2012017312A1 (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | Tenova S.P.A. | A panel cooled with a fluid for metallurgic furnaces, a cooling system for metallurgic furnaces comprising such a panel and metallurgic furnace incorporating them |
US9518781B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2016-12-13 | Tenova S.P.A. | Panel cooled with a fluid for metallurgic furnaces, a cooling system for metallurgic furnaces comprising such a panel and metallurgic furnace incorporating them |
CN114823249A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Cooling device, high-voltage box, battery and power utilization device |
CN114823249B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-11-21 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Cooling device, high-voltage box, battery and power consumption device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1160531A3 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
DE10027437A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
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