EP1150789B1 - Method and device for producing ingot molds for pig casting installations - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing molds for ingot casting plants, copper or a copper alloy as the starting material is taken. The invention also relates to a device for carrying it out of the procedure.

It is state of the art, molten pig iron or other metals or metal alloys in the form of bars / plates, which are called mess, on special Casting pig casting machines. Such pigs have a weight of typically 6 kg. For example, four ingots are poured into a mold, whereby the liquid pig iron solidifies in the mold and both Both the ingot and the mold can be cooled by water spray. The ingot molds or molds of known ingot casting machines are usually made of Cast iron made. They are subject to comparatively high wear and must therefore be replaced again and again according to the wear.

Another disadvantage of cast iron ingot molds is that they have a comparatively low thermal conductivity of approx. 40 to 50 W / mK exhibit. As a result, the molds and ingots have to be transported every time be cooled by spray water from the casting station to the discharge station. The Spray water is usually applied from above and from below.

It is from the as yet unpublished patent application DE 198 35 824.5 known to provide a pig casting machine that has higher production output has, in which the cooling conditions of the solidification body in the individual molds can be improved. Solidified due to better cooling the melt faster, the circulating speed of the endless belt can be increased and thus the amount of melt cast per Time interval. The improvement of the cooling conditions is achieved by the Pig casting molds consist of a heat-resistant material, the Thermal conductivity is greater than that of cast iron. As mold material Copper or a copper alloy is proposed, which is significantly higher Have thermal conductivity as cast iron.

A technical lesson on the economic production of the proposed However, copper casting molds are not included in the aforementioned document.

DE 42 33 522 A1 describes a method for producing a wide mold side wall for a thin slab caster, which with the entrance mentioned genre does not match.

A method for producing a broad side wall is claimed there a thin slab caster, which starts from the top edge the sides and downward expansion area. The in essentially made of copper, 5 to 50 mm thick broad side wall provided with an extension area by train forming / train forming. It is noteworthy here that the bending angle achieved during the forming process the mold wall is only about 25 ° relative to its base plane. there the material is subjected to a comparatively very low elongation.

DE 42 33 739 A1 discloses a non-generic device for precise, rational production of a broad side wall for the continuous mold a thin slab caster with one starting from the upper edge the sides and downward extension area. To that Shaping is provided a die plate which has a molding surface for Includes a mold broad side wall, the working side of one assigned a plurality of individually adjustable sub-areas formed pressure area is.

Even with this device, only relatively minor changes in shape the mold wide side wall, in which the structure of the Copper existing broad side wall only with comparatively low tensile stresses is charged.

From document DE-C-927 503 is an adjustable deep-drawing device for Manufacture of membranes or other profiled sheets known from a press tool with a press ram and a die for cold forming the sheets exist. The die has concave depressions on and the form or press die cooperating with the die shows oppositely shaped and raised form elements. A manufacturing process This document does not allow mold shapes, especially those made of copper remove.

From the further document GB-A-804 575 a press device for Manufacture of profiled sheets known for the automotive industry. The press consists of a press ram and a die. Press stamp and Die have oppositely designed and raised form elements to make the To give sheet metal the desired shape. What is claimed in this document Process refers to the production of especially flanged Sheets. A method of making molds, in particular made of copper, does not state this document.

Starting from the above prior art, the object of the invention based, a method and an apparatus for producing molds for ingot casting systems to be specified using circuit boards the difficulties of copper or copper alloys as a starting material and technical limits when cold-forming them into ingot molds overcome by train forming / train pressure forming and which a crack-free and economical production of the ingot molds.

To solve the problem is in a method in the preamble of claim 1 type mentioned with the invention that boards made Copper, in particular from a copper alloy suitable for cold forming be used and this by a Forming process by means of tensile forming / tensile forming in the form of Ingot molds are brought.

It is proposed that, depending on the degree of deformation, a multi-stage Deformation with intermediate annealing is carried out.

By dividing the overall forming process into several stages with intermediate annealing according to the doctrine of Invention a flat circuit board made of copper of considerable thickness, e.g. 55 to Bring 80 mm crack-free into the shape of ingot molds. Through the dissolution The structural stresses after each partial deformation succeed in crack-free mold shapes to train in the originally flat circuit board.

One embodiment provides that a strain-hardened circuit board made of a copper alloy is soft-annealed before being used for the first forming step. With a Brinell hardness of approx. 50 HB, the copper board achieves one Elongation at break of at least 35% and you are in the Able to realize comparatively large changes in shape without crack formation.

A further development of the method provides that in as a starting material copper board used one or more integrally connected, preferably four, molds can be molded.

In a development of the invention it is provided that the forming process Copper plate between a massive form stamp and also one massive die under high pressure and with uniformly slow penetration speed is carried out. The slow deformation of the material is advantageous because it gives the structure the opportunity to create tension Break down the flow of material and prevent the generation of heat.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the raised form elements of the die and the concave formed with these co-operating recesses of the die congruent shape contours form. This results in an approximately constant thickness of the deforming material area reached.

Essential to the invention is the measure that both in the form stamp as well as with the die, all shape contours with radii are constantly interlocking pass. Edges and sharp corners must be avoided completely in order to give the material an opportunity to relieve tension caused by cold Mine material. Sharp edges would prevent this and therefore Initiate crack formation.

Furthermore, it is provided that the board on all around during the forming process their edge areas is firmly clamped.

In a further embodiment of the method it is provided that the copper board by means of a detonation force, for example triggered by explosives, on a concave shaped die is deformed, the thickness of the copper plate corresponds to the wall thickness of the mold.

A preferred alternative development of the invention is that the Copper plate by means of hydroforming, triggered by high water pressure a concave shaped die is deformed, the thickness of the copper board corresponds to the wall thickness of the mold.

A device for the production of molds for ingot casting plants Production of ingots is characterized in that at least between one with a concave mold shape and a counter the die clamped reaction stamp a hydraulic pressure chamber with high pressure water connection is arranged and the circuit board made of copper or made of a copper alloy seal-proof at the edge, i.e. about a flameproof Seal between reaction stamp and die is clamped.

Figur 1 a

in Draufsicht eine Platine mit eingeformten Kokillenformen;

Figur 1b

die Platine gemäß Fig. 1a in Seitenansicht, geschnitten;

Figur 2

in Seitenansicht geschnitten ein aus Formstempel und Matrize mit Niederhaltern und Führungselementen ausgerüstetes Preßwerkzeug zur Herstellung von Kokillenformen aus einer Platine,

Figur 3

das Prinzip einer Hydroumformung einer Kupferplatine zu Kokillenformen.

Details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following explanation of an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 a

in plan view a board with molded molds;

Figure 1b

1a in side view, cut;

Figure 2

cut in side view a press tool equipped with a punch and die with hold-down devices and guide elements for the production of molds from a blank,

Figure 3

the principle of hydroforming a copper plate into molds.

The circuit board 2 made of copper or a copper alloy shown in plan view in FIG. 1a has four adjacent, similar mold shapes 1 in the manner of trough-shaped depressions. Like the side view 1b shows, the depressions of the mold shapes have, for example, one upper width B and a depth T a width / depth ratio> 1.

From Fig. 1b it can also be seen that the corresponding to the pressing tool 9 (Fig. 2) formed shape of the mold 1 egg cup-shaped Have depressions 6.

Correspondingly, the pressing tool 9 shown in FIG. 2 has a solid die 4 with likewise concave, egg-cup-shaped cross-section, the molds 1 forming depressions 6, whereas the one with the die 4 interactable mold or press rams 3 counter-shaped, raised Has shaped elements 5. Between them is the board to be deformed 2 with a thickness between 50 and 85 mm pressed into the mold. As Board material is copper or a copper alloy, e.g. CuAg, CuCrZr or CuNiBe provided.

It is advantageously provided here that the pressing tool 9 molding means, namely Form stamp 3, shaped element 5, recess 6 and contour 7 for the at a pressing process simultaneous configuration of at least one, preferably of has four mold troughs.

The pressing tool 9 can be seen for the forming process extremely high pressing forces required, for example in the order of a few can lie a thousand tons and with a correspondingly strong, preferred hydraulic press 13 with a uniformly slow penetration speed must be applied.

Finally, Fig. 2 shows that the pressing tool 9 guide elements 10, 11th has, which assigned the pressure stamp 3 and the die 4 together are. Furthermore, the edge areas 8 of the circuit board 2 are known per se Way, for example in conventional deep-drawing processes, hold-down device 12 provided, which prevent inadmissible deformation of these edge regions 8 and hold the board in position and in tension during the deformation. The board can be made of pure copper, copper alloys or solidified Copper alloys are used.

Furthermore, it can still be seen from FIG. 2 that both in the form of the stamp 3 as well as with the die 4, all shape contours 7 with radii continuously into one another pass.

Figure 3 shows an alternative device for producing molds for Ingot casting machines for the production of ingots with a hydroforming Copper board is made. This device has at least one with a concave mold 1 formed die 4 and a against the die 4 clamped reaction stamp 14 a hydraulic pressure chamber 15 on. This hydraulic pressure chamber 15 is with a connection for high water pressure connected. The board 2 to be deformed made of copper or a copper alloy is on the edge and on all sides between the reaction stamp 14 and the Die 4 clamped, as is also indicated in Fig. 2. The sublime The edge of the reaction stamp 13 lies on the edge areas 8 of the copper plate seal-tight, so that the water pressure in the hydraulic pressure chamber without Pressure drop can act on the copper plate and this in the mold 1 can be molded into the die 4. This device is also possible All shape contours 7 are provided with radii that continuously merge into one another.

Claims (12)

1. Method of producing chill-mould moulds (1) for pig casting plants for the production of pigs, wherein copper or a copper alloy is employed as starting material, characterised in that plates (2) of copper, particularly of a copper alloy suitable for cold-forming, are used and these are brought by a reshaping process by means of draw forming or draw/press forming into the shape of pig chill moulds.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that according to the respective degree of deformation a multi-stage deforming is carried out with intermediate annealing.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a cold-worked plate (2) of a copper alloy is soft-annealed before use thereof for the first reshaping step.
4. Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that one or more, preferably four, integrally interconnected chill-mould moulds are formed in a copper plate (2) used as starting material.
5. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the reshaping process of the copper plate (2) is carried out, under high pressure and with a uniformly slow entry speed, between a respective solid forming-ram (3) and an equally solid die (4).
6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that the elevated forming-elements (5) of the forming-ram (3) and the concavely formed recesses (6), which co-operate therewith, of the die (4) form congruent shaping contours (7).
7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that all shaping contours (7) progressively merge into one another by radii not only in the forming-ram (3), but also in the die (4).
8. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the plate (2) is firmly clamped in place annularly at the edge regions (8) thereof during the reshaping process.
9. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that copper alloys or worked copper alloys are used instead of pure copper.
10. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4 as well as 8 or 9, characterised in that the copper plate (2) is deformed into a concavely formed die (4) by means of a detonation force, for example triggered by an explosive substance, wherein the thickness of the copper plate (2) corresponds with the wall thickness of the chill mould.
11. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4 as well as 8 or 9, characterised in that the copper plate (2) is deformed into a concavely formed die (4) by means of hydraulic forming, for example triggered by high water pressure, wherein the thickness of the copper plate (2) corresponds with the wall thickness of the chill mould.
12. Device for producing chill-mould moulds for pig casting plants for the production of pigs according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, particularly claim 11, characterised in that a hydraulic pressure chamber (15) with a high-pressure connection (16) for, for example, water is arranged between a die (4), which is formed with at least one concave chill-mould mould (1), and a reaction ram (14), which is tightened against the die (4), and the plate (2) of copper or of a copper alloy is sealably clamped in place at the edge by means of a seal (17) between reaction ram (14) and die (4).

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