EP1148528A1 - Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with a dual volume arc chamber - Google Patents

Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with a dual volume arc chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1148528A1
EP1148528A1 EP01400975A EP01400975A EP1148528A1 EP 1148528 A1 EP1148528 A1 EP 1148528A1 EP 01400975 A EP01400975 A EP 01400975A EP 01400975 A EP01400975 A EP 01400975A EP 1148528 A1 EP1148528 A1 EP 1148528A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
contact
blowing
nozzle
volume
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Granted
Application number
EP01400975A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1148528B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dufournet
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Alstom SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switch, in particular for the medium or high voltage, comprising a first contact surrounded by a self-blowing interrupting chamber in which gas is put under pressure by thermal effect and a second mobile contact following an axial direction relative to the first contact.
  • the bedroom cut off has an internal partition separating a first compartment of a second compartment of smaller volume, both compartments being filled with said pressurized gas and having each a hole for blowing the arc.
  • the holes are separated and arranged in series in said axial direction, and the second contact is arranged to release the orifice of the first compartment while it is closing the orifice of the second compartment at the separation of the two contacts.
  • the object of the invention is to propose such a switch capable of self-blow off small short-circuit currents (i.e. currents less than or equal to 30% of the breaking capacity of the switch) and the strong currents, with an operating energy the as low as possible.
  • the invention relates to such a switch, characterized in that each compartment is connected to its orifice by a blowing channel, in that the first compartment with its blowing channel and its orifice are arranged adjacent to said first contact, in that the second compartment is arranged mainly between the ends of the first arcing contact and of a corresponding permanent current contact, and in that the two compartments communicate with each other via a channel closed by an overpressure discharge device allowing the unidirectional passage of the overpressure gas from the compartment having the smallest volume to the compartment having the greatest volume.
  • the larger volume compartment is optimized for cutting the strongest currents, i.e. currents greater than 30% of the switch breaking capacity.
  • the weakest compartment volume is optimized to cut the weakest currents. With this arrangement with two thermal volumes, the switch can cut by self-blowing of currents over the entire cut-off range the switch.
  • the latter comprises a nozzle made of material insulator arranged coaxially around the first contact and in which penetrates the second contact, at least the second of the two compartments being arranged inside said nozzle, the partition internal separation of these two compartments being formed by a part of the nozzle.
  • the channel of blowing of the first compartment is separated from the first arcing contact by a wall surrounding the latter and made of the same material insulating than the nozzle.
  • Spacers can be placed in the channel supply air from the second compartment and securely attached to the partition interior separating the two compartments as well as the main body of the nozzle.
  • a permanent magnet producing a rotating magnetic field for arc cutting electric is placed inside the nozzle or inside the second contact.
  • a self-blowing circuit breaker is partially and schematically shown in axial half section and includes a first arcing contact 1 as well as a current contact permanent 2 corresponding to him.
  • Arc contact 1 is coaxially surrounded by a nozzle 3 made of an insulating material electrically, shown in hatched lines.
  • This nozzle 3 comprises a fixed V2 volume compartment arranged mainly between the ends of the first arcing contact 1 and of the permanent current contact 2, in which dielectric gas is pressurized by effect thermal.
  • Another larger compartment V1 is arranged between the coaxial tubes formed by the first arcing contact 1 and the permanent current contact 2, adjacent to volume V2 and to first arcing contact 1 and on the side opposite to the blowing cone 3 'of the nozzle 3.
  • a cut-off chamber with two separate volumes is thus carried out.
  • the first compartment below that of larger volume V1, and second compartment that of smaller volume V2.
  • These two compartments are separated by an interior partition 4.
  • the interior partition 4 is formed by a part of the nozzle 3, formed by the internal tubular wall of said nozzle.
  • the second compartment is arranged inside the nozzle, in order to limit the size of the nozzle and therefore its cost.
  • a nozzle 3 which extends from the side opposite its blowing cone 3 'to partially or partially surround the entire volume V1.
  • the circuit breaker further includes an arcing contact 5 which is movable in the axial direction A with respect to the arcing contact 1 and which penetrates inside the nozzle 3 in the closed position of the circuit breaker.
  • the arcing contact 5 is also integral with a current contact corresponding permanent, not illustrated in the figure.
  • Arc contact 5 is here in the form of a rod and is inserted into the arcing contact 1 which is hollow.
  • Spacers 15 can be arranged in the channel of blowing 13 from the second compartment and fixedly attached to the partition interior 4 as well as the main body of the nozzle 3, in order to increase the mechanical resistance of the nozzle to the overpressure in the second compartment.
  • the volume V1 of the first compartment is dimensioned so as to obtain the overpressure necessary to cut down forts currents. This volume V1 must therefore be of sufficient value to avoid the gas it contains does not overheat. Volume V2 is smaller than the volume V1, for example 0.25 to 0.35 times V1, which provides the overpressure necessary to cut the weak short circuit currents.
  • the two compartments communicate by a channel 9 closed by a pressure relief device 10 allowing the unidirectional passage of gas from the second compartment having the most small volume V2 to the first compartment with the largest volume V1, in the event of overpressure in the second compartment.
  • the device discharge 10 shown in the figure is a calibrated valve.
  • the two blowing orifices 6 and 7 are arranged in series according to direction A, the first orifice 6 being located between the arcing contact 1 and the second port 7.
  • This arrangement allows blowing along of the electric arc 8 when the circuit breaker opens, on two parts separate from the arch.
  • the operation of the device is optimum when the orifice 6 of the larger volume compartment V1 is located adjacent to the contact of arc 1. Indeed, during the separation of contacts 1 and 5, contact 5 first releases the orifice 6 following its removal from the contact 1 in the direction A, which allows the gas in the first compartment to start to blow the arc while the orifice 7 of the second compartment is still closed by contact 5.
  • This arrangement allows a rise in rapid gas pressure in the first compartment, and allows limit the volume of gas to be heated by the electric arc to only volume V1 because the calibrated valve 10 then remains closed.
  • the overpressure in the second compartment remains weak and the valve 10 therefore remains closed, so that the volume pressurized remains equal to the low value V2.
  • the overpressure in the second compartment is limited by the opening of the calibrated valve 10 which allows the passage of a part of the gas from the second compartment in the first compartment. A rapid rise in gas pressure in this first compartment thus provides a quick cut with a short arc length electric. If necessary, a second blowing of the electric arc by the orifice 7 can intervene over a greater length of the arc electric
  • the calibrated valve 10 avoids overheating and excessive gas overpressure in the second compartment due to the fact that this gas can be evacuated to the first compartment, its temperature decreasing when it relaxes in volume V1.
  • the arc elongation can not be sufficient to obtain a clean cut of the arc by self-blowing.
  • the construction of the breaking chamber according to the invention with the two orifices 6 and 7 arranged in series in the direction A allows to obtain a blowing of the gas under pressure directed towards a root of the arc and another blowing of the gas directed towards the other root of the arc. This double blowing is particularly useful to obtain the cutting of faults in line.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention requires operating energy about twice as low as that required for maneuvering a circuit breaker with a single-volume breaking chamber provided a compression piston.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The electrical circuit breaker has a first arc contact (1) in a self extinguishing chamber with gas under pressure and a second contact arc (5) following an axial direction with respect to the first arc. There is an interior enclosure (4) with orifice input (6) to the arc area, and a second enclosure with orifice input (7). The orifice and volume enclosures are connected by extinction channels (12,13). The second contact is placed between the end of the contact arc and the permanent current contact. There is an interconnection channel (9) connected by a valve (10) allowing gas in both directions.

Description

L'invention porte sur un interrupteur électrique, notamment pour la moyenne ou haute tension, comprenant un premier contact entouré par une chambre de coupure à auto-soufflage dans laquelle du gaz est mis sous pression par effet thermique et un second contact mobile suivant une direction axiale par rapport au premier contact. La chambre de coupure comporte une cloison intérieure séparant un premier compartiment d'un second compartiment de plus petit volume, les deux compartiments étant remplis dudit gaz sous pression et possédant chacun un orifice pour le soufflage de l'arc. Les orifices sont séparés et disposés en série suivant ladite direction axiale, et le second contact est agencé pour libérer l'orifice du premier compartiment alors qu'il obture l'orifice du second compartiment à la séparation des deux contacts.The invention relates to an electrical switch, in particular for the medium or high voltage, comprising a first contact surrounded by a self-blowing interrupting chamber in which gas is put under pressure by thermal effect and a second mobile contact following an axial direction relative to the first contact. The bedroom cut off has an internal partition separating a first compartment of a second compartment of smaller volume, both compartments being filled with said pressurized gas and having each a hole for blowing the arc. The holes are separated and arranged in series in said axial direction, and the second contact is arranged to release the orifice of the first compartment while it is closing the orifice of the second compartment at the separation of the two contacts.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un tel interrupteur capable de couper par auto-soufflage les faibles courants de court-circuit (c'est-à-dire des courants inférieurs ou égaux à 30% du pouvoir de coupure de l'interrupteur) et les forts courants, avec une énergie de manoeuvre la plus faible possible.The object of the invention is to propose such a switch capable of self-blow off small short-circuit currents (i.e. currents less than or equal to 30% of the breaking capacity of the switch) and the strong currents, with an operating energy the as low as possible.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un tel interrupteur, caractérisé en ce que chaque compartiment est relié à son orifice par un canal de soufflage, en ce que le premier compartiment avec son canal de soufflage et son orifice sont disposés adjacents audit premier contact, en ce que le second compartiment est disposé principalement entre les extrémités du premier contact d'arc et d'un contact de courant permanent correspondant, et en ce que les deux compartiments communiquent entre eux par l'intermédiaire d'un canal fermé par un dispositif d'évacuation de surpression autorisant le passage unidirectionnel du gaz en surpression du compartiment ayant le plus petit volume vers le compartiment ayant le plus grand volume.To this end, the invention relates to such a switch, characterized in that each compartment is connected to its orifice by a blowing channel, in that the first compartment with its blowing channel and its orifice are arranged adjacent to said first contact, in that the second compartment is arranged mainly between the ends of the first arcing contact and of a corresponding permanent current contact, and in that the two compartments communicate with each other via a channel closed by an overpressure discharge device allowing the unidirectional passage of the overpressure gas from the compartment having the smallest volume to the compartment having the greatest volume.

Le compartiment de plus grand volume est optimisé pour couper les plus forts courants, c'est-à-dire des courants supérieurs à 30% du pouvoir de coupure de l'interrupteur. Le compartiment de plus faible volume est optimisé pour couper les plus faibles courants. Avec cette disposition à deux volumes thermiques, l'interrupteur peut couper par auto-soufflage des courants sur l'ensemble de la gamme de coupure de l'interrupteur. The larger volume compartment is optimized for cutting the strongest currents, i.e. currents greater than 30% of the switch breaking capacity. The weakest compartment volume is optimized to cut the weakest currents. With this arrangement with two thermal volumes, the switch can cut by self-blowing of currents over the entire cut-off range the switch.

Dans un mode particulier de réalisation de l'interrupteur à auto-soufflage selon l'invention, ce dernier comprend une buse en matière isolante disposée coaxialement autour du premier contact et dans laquelle pénètre le second contact, au moins le second des deux compartiments étant disposé à l'intérieur de ladite buse, la cloison intérieure de séparation de ces deux compartiments étant formée par une partie de la buse. Dans une variante de ce mode particulier, le canal de soufflage du premier compartiment est séparé du premier contact d'arc par une paroi entourant ce dernier et constituée du même matériau isolant que la buse. Des entretoises peuvent être disposées dans le canal de soufflage du second compartiment et solidairement fixées à la cloison intérieure séparant les deux compartiments ainsi qu'au corps principal de la buse. Dans une variante complémentaire, un aimant permanent produisant un champ magnétique tournant pour la coupure de l'arc électrique est disposé à l'intérieur de la buse ou encore à l'intérieur du second contact.In a particular embodiment of the self-blowing switch according to the invention, the latter comprises a nozzle made of material insulator arranged coaxially around the first contact and in which penetrates the second contact, at least the second of the two compartments being arranged inside said nozzle, the partition internal separation of these two compartments being formed by a part of the nozzle. In a variant of this particular mode, the channel of blowing of the first compartment is separated from the first arcing contact by a wall surrounding the latter and made of the same material insulating than the nozzle. Spacers can be placed in the channel supply air from the second compartment and securely attached to the partition interior separating the two compartments as well as the main body of the nozzle. In a complementary variant, a permanent magnet producing a rotating magnetic field for arc cutting electric is placed inside the nozzle or inside the second contact.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'interrupteur selon l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation illustré sur la figure unique.Other characteristics and advantages of the switch according to the invention will appear on reading the following description of an example illustrated in the single figure.

Sur la figure, un disjoncteur à auto-soufflage selon l'invention est montré partiellement et schématiquement en demi coupe axiale et comprend un premier contact d'arc 1 ainsi qu'un contact de courant permanent 2 correspondant qui lui est solidaire. Le contact d'arc 1 est entouré coaxialement par une buse 3 réalisée en une matière isolante électriquement, représentée en traits hachurés. Cette buse 3 comporte un compartiment de volume V2 fixe disposé principalement entre les extrémités du premier contact d'arc 1 et du contact de courant permanent 2, dans lequel du gaz diélectrique est mis sous pression par effet thermique. Un autre compartiment de plus grand volume V1 est disposé entre les tubes coaxiaux formés par le premier contact d'arc 1 et le contact de courant permanent 2, adjacent au volume V2 ainsi qu'au premier contact d'arc 1 et du côté opposé au cône de soufflage 3' de la buse 3. Une chambre de coupure à deux volumes distincts est ainsi réalisée. Nous appellerons par la suite premier compartiment celui de plus grand volume V1, et second compartiment celui de plus petit volume V2. Ces deux compartiments sont séparés par une cloison intérieure 4. Dans le mode préféré de réalisation représenté pour la chambre de coupure, la cloison intérieure 4 est formée par une partie de la buse 3, constituée par la paroi tubulaire interne de ladite buse. Préférablement, seul le second compartiment est disposé à l'intérieur de la buse, afin de limiter la taille de la buse et donc son coût. On peut toutefois sans sortir du cadre de l'invention prévoir une buse 3 qui se prolonge du côté opposé à son cône de soufflage 3' pour entourer partiellement ou en totalité le volume V1.In the figure, a self-blowing circuit breaker according to the invention is partially and schematically shown in axial half section and includes a first arcing contact 1 as well as a current contact permanent 2 corresponding to him. Arc contact 1 is coaxially surrounded by a nozzle 3 made of an insulating material electrically, shown in hatched lines. This nozzle 3 comprises a fixed V2 volume compartment arranged mainly between the ends of the first arcing contact 1 and of the permanent current contact 2, in which dielectric gas is pressurized by effect thermal. Another larger compartment V1 is arranged between the coaxial tubes formed by the first arcing contact 1 and the permanent current contact 2, adjacent to volume V2 and to first arcing contact 1 and on the side opposite to the blowing cone 3 'of the nozzle 3. A cut-off chamber with two separate volumes is thus carried out. We will call the first compartment below that of larger volume V1, and second compartment that of smaller volume V2. These two compartments are separated by an interior partition 4. In the preferred embodiment shown for the break, the interior partition 4 is formed by a part of the nozzle 3, formed by the internal tubular wall of said nozzle. Preferably, only the second compartment is arranged inside the nozzle, in order to limit the size of the nozzle and therefore its cost. We can however without going out of the scope of the invention provide a nozzle 3 which extends from the side opposite its blowing cone 3 'to partially or partially surround the entire volume V1.

Le disjoncteur comprend encore un contact d'arc 5 qui est mobile suivant la direction axiale A par rapport au contact d'arc 1 et qui pénètre à l'intérieur de la buse 3 en position de fermeture du disjoncteur. Le contact d'arc 5 est également solidaire d'un contact de courant permanent correspondant, non illustré sur la figure. Le contact d'arc 5 est ici en forme de tige et vient s'insérer dans le contact d'arc 1 qui est creux.The circuit breaker further includes an arcing contact 5 which is movable in the axial direction A with respect to the arcing contact 1 and which penetrates inside the nozzle 3 in the closed position of the circuit breaker. The arcing contact 5 is also integral with a current contact corresponding permanent, not illustrated in the figure. Arc contact 5 is here in the form of a rod and is inserted into the arcing contact 1 which is hollow.

Quand un arc électrique tel que 8 s'étire entre les contacts d'arc 1 et 5 à l'ouverture du disjoncteur, il se produit par effet thermique une mise en pression du gaz diélectrique à l'intérieur des deux compartiments de la chambre de coupure. Au passage à zéro du courant, le gaz sous pression dans les premier et second compartiments est soufflé sur l'arc par des premier et second orifices de soufflage 6 et 7. Chaque orifice de soufflage 6 ou 7 d'un compartiment est relié à ce compartiment par un canal de soufflage 12 ou 13 ménagé dans la buse 3 ou le long d'une paroi interne de celle-ci. Dans le mode préféré représenté, le canal de soufflage 12 du premier compartiment est séparé du premier contact d'arc 1 par une paroi 14 entourant ledit contact d'arc et constituée du même matériau isolant que la buse 3.When an electric arc such as 8 is drawn between the arcing contacts 1 and 5 at the opening of the circuit breaker, there is a thermal effect pressurization of the dielectric gas inside the two compartments of the switching chamber. When the current crosses zero, the gas under pressure in the first and second compartments is blown on the arc by first and second blowing orifices 6 and 7. Each orifice of blowing 6 or 7 of a compartment is connected to this compartment by a blowing channel 12 or 13 formed in nozzle 3 or along a inner wall thereof. In the preferred mode shown, the blowing 12 of the first compartment is separated from the first contact arcing 1 by a wall 14 surrounding said arcing contact and consisting of same insulating material as nozzle 3.

Des entretoises 15 peuvent être disposées dans le canal de soufflage 13 du second compartiment et solidairement fixées à la cloison intérieure 4 ainsi qu'au corps principal de la buse 3, afin d'augmenter la tenue mécanique de la buse à la surpression dans le second compartiment.Spacers 15 can be arranged in the channel of blowing 13 from the second compartment and fixedly attached to the partition interior 4 as well as the main body of the nozzle 3, in order to increase the mechanical resistance of the nozzle to the overpressure in the second compartment.

Le volume V1 du premier compartiment est dimensionné de manière à obtenir la surpression nécessaire à la coupure de forts courants. Ce volume V1 doit donc être de valeur suffisante pour éviter que le gaz qu'il contient ne s'échauffe excessivement. Le volume V2 est plus petit que le volume V1, par exemple de 0,25 à 0,35 fois V1, ce qui permet d'obtenir la surpression nécessaire à la coupure des faibles courants de court-circuit. Les deux compartiments communiquent par un canal 9 fermé par un dispositif d'évacuation de surpression 10 permettant le passage unidirectionnel du gaz du second compartiment ayant le plus petit volume V2 vers le premier compartiment ayant le plus grand volume V1, en cas de surpression dans le second compartiment. Le dispositif d'évacuation 10 représenté sur la figure est un clapet taré.The volume V1 of the first compartment is dimensioned so as to obtain the overpressure necessary to cut down forts currents. This volume V1 must therefore be of sufficient value to avoid the gas it contains does not overheat. Volume V2 is smaller than the volume V1, for example 0.25 to 0.35 times V1, which provides the overpressure necessary to cut the weak short circuit currents. The two compartments communicate by a channel 9 closed by a pressure relief device 10 allowing the unidirectional passage of gas from the second compartment having the most small volume V2 to the first compartment with the largest volume V1, in the event of overpressure in the second compartment. The device discharge 10 shown in the figure is a calibrated valve.

Les deux orifices de soufflage 6 et 7 sont disposés en série suivant la direction A, le premier orifice 6 étant situé entre le contact d'arc 1 et le second orifice 7. Cette disposition permet d'exercer un soufflage le long de l'arc électrique 8 lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, sur deux parties distinctes de l'arc. Avec cette construction, pour des courants de valeur intermédiaire, on obtient l'addition des soufflages des deux orifices 6 et 7. En coupure de faibles courants, seul le soufflage provenant du plus petit volume V2 contribue efficacement à l'extinction de l'arc. En coupure de forts courants, seul le soufflage provenant du plus grand volume V1 contribue efficacement à l'extinction de l'arc.The two blowing orifices 6 and 7 are arranged in series according to direction A, the first orifice 6 being located between the arcing contact 1 and the second port 7. This arrangement allows blowing along of the electric arc 8 when the circuit breaker opens, on two parts separate from the arch. With this construction, for currents of value intermediate, we obtain the addition of the blows of the two orifices 6 and 7. When breaking low currents, only the supply from the smallest volume V2 effectively contributes to the extinction of the arc. Cut off strong currents, only the blowing coming from the largest volume V1 contributes effectively to the extinction of the arc.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif est optimum quand l'orifice 6 du compartiment de plus grand volume V1 est situé adjacent au contact d'arc 1. En effet, lors de la séparation des contacts 1 et 5, le contact 5 libère d'abord l'orifice 6 suite à son retrait du contact 1 suivant la direction A, ce qui permet au gaz du premier compartiment de commencer à souffler l'arc alors que l'orifice 7 du second compartiment est encore obturé par le contact 5. Cet agencement permet d'avoir une montée en pression rapide du gaz dans le premier compartiment, et permet de limiter le volume de gaz à chauffer par l'arc électrique au seul volume V1 du fait que le clapet taré 10 reste alors fermé.The operation of the device is optimum when the orifice 6 of the larger volume compartment V1 is located adjacent to the contact of arc 1. Indeed, during the separation of contacts 1 and 5, contact 5 first releases the orifice 6 following its removal from the contact 1 in the direction A, which allows the gas in the first compartment to start to blow the arc while the orifice 7 of the second compartment is still closed by contact 5. This arrangement allows a rise in rapid gas pressure in the first compartment, and allows limit the volume of gas to be heated by the electric arc to only volume V1 because the calibrated valve 10 then remains closed.

Dans le cas de faibles courants, la surpression dans le second compartiment reste faible et le clapet 10 reste donc fermé, de sorte que le volume mis en pression reste égal à la valeur faible V2. Dans le cas de très forts courants, la surpression dans le second compartiment est limitée par l'ouverture du clapet taré 10 qui permet le passage d'une partie du gaz du second compartiment dans le premier compartiment. Une montée en pression rapide du gaz dans ce premier compartiment permet ainsi d'obtenir une coupure rapide avec une faible longueur d'arc électrique. Si nécessaire, un deuxième soufflage de l'arc électrique par l'orifice 7 peut intervenir sur une longueur plus importante de l'arc électriqueIn the case of weak currents, the overpressure in the second compartment remains weak and the valve 10 therefore remains closed, so that the volume pressurized remains equal to the low value V2. In the case of very strong currents, the overpressure in the second compartment is limited by the opening of the calibrated valve 10 which allows the passage of a part of the gas from the second compartment in the first compartment. A rapid rise in gas pressure in this first compartment thus provides a quick cut with a short arc length electric. If necessary, a second blowing of the electric arc by the orifice 7 can intervene over a greater length of the arc electric

Le clapet taré 10 permet d'éviter un échauffement et une surpression excessive du gaz dans le second compartiment du fait que ce gaz peut être évacué vers le premier compartiment, sa température diminuant lorsqu'il se détend dans le volume V1.The calibrated valve 10 avoids overheating and excessive gas overpressure in the second compartment due to the fact that this gas can be evacuated to the first compartment, its temperature decreasing when it relaxes in volume V1.

Pour les courants extrêmement faibles, l'allongement de l'arc peut ne pas être suffisant pour obtenir une coupure franche de l'arc par auto-soufflage. Pour de tels cas, il est avantageux de prévoir au moins un aimant permanent 11, par exemple à l'intérieur de la buse 3 ou à l'intérieur du contact d'arc mobile 5 pour produire un champ magnétique tournant qui va étirer l'arc électrique par rotation pour favoriser son extinction.For extremely weak currents, the arc elongation can not be sufficient to obtain a clean cut of the arc by self-blowing. For such cases, it is advantageous to provide at least one permanent magnet 11, for example inside the nozzle 3 or at inside the movable arcing contact 5 to produce a magnetic field turning which will stretch the electric arc by rotation to favor its extinction.

La construction de la chambre de coupure selon l'invention avec les deux orifices 6 et 7 disposés en série suivant la direction A permet d'obtenir un soufflage du gaz sous pression dirigé vers une racine de l'arc et un autre soufflage du gaz dirigé vers l'autre racine de l'arc. Ce double soufflage est particulièrement utile pour obtenir la coupure des défauts en ligne.The construction of the breaking chamber according to the invention with the two orifices 6 and 7 arranged in series in the direction A allows to obtain a blowing of the gas under pressure directed towards a root of the arc and another blowing of the gas directed towards the other root of the arc. This double blowing is particularly useful to obtain the cutting of faults in line.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention requiert une énergie de manoeuvre environ deux fois plus faible que celle requise pour la manoeuvre d'un disjoncteur avec une chambre de coupure à un seul volume et munie d'un piston de compression.The circuit breaker according to the invention requires operating energy about twice as low as that required for maneuvering a circuit breaker with a single-volume breaking chamber provided a compression piston.

Claims (7)

Un interrupteur électrique comprenant un premier contact d'arc (1) entouré par une chambre de coupure à auto-soufflage dans laquelle du gaz est mis sous pression par effet thermique et un second contact d'arc (5) mobile suivant une direction axiale (A) par rapport au premier contact, ladite chambre de coupure comportant une cloison intérieure (4) séparant un premier compartiment de volume fixe (V1) d'un second compartiment de plus petit volume (V2), les deux compartiments étant remplis dudit gaz sous pression et possédant chacun un orifice (6,7) pour le soufflage de l'arc, ces orifices étant séparés et disposés en série suivant ladite direction axiale (A), le second contact (5) libérant l'orifice (6) du premier compartiment alors qu'il obture l'orifice (7) du second compartiment à la séparation des contacts (1,5), caractérisé en ce que chaque compartiment est relié à son orifice (6, 7) par un canal de soufflage (12, 13), en ce que le premier compartiment avec son canal de soufflage (12) et son orifice (6) sont disposés adjacents audit premier contact d'arc (1), en ce que le second compartiment est disposé principalement entre les extrémités du premier contact d'arc (1) et d'un contact de courant permanent (2) correspondant, et en ce que les deux compartiments communiquent entre eux par l'intermédiaire d'un canal (9) fermé par un dispositif d'évacuation de surpression (10) autorisant le passage unidirectionnel du gaz en surpression du compartiment ayant le plus petit volume (V2) vers le compartiment ayant le plus grand volume (V1).An electrical switch comprising a first arcing contact (1) surrounded by a self-blowing interrupting chamber in which gas is pressurized by thermal effect and a second arcing contact (5) movable in an axial direction ( A) relative to the first contact, said interrupting chamber comprising an internal partition (4) separating a first compartment of fixed volume (V1) from a second compartment of smaller volume (V2), the two compartments being filled with said gas under pressure and each having an orifice (6,7) for blowing the arc, these orifices being separated and arranged in series in said axial direction (A), the second contact (5) releasing the orifice (6) from the first compartment while it closes the orifice (7) of the second compartment at the separation of the contacts (1,5), characterized in that each compartment is connected to its orifice (6, 7) by a blowing channel (12, 13), in that the first compartment with its can al blowing (12) and its orifice (6) are arranged adjacent to said first arcing contact (1), in that the second compartment is disposed mainly between the ends of the first arcing contact (1) and a corresponding permanent current contact (2), and in that the two compartments communicate with each other by means of a channel (9) closed by an overpressure discharge device (10) allowing the unidirectional passage of the overpressure gas from the compartment with the smallest volume (V2) to the compartment with the largest volume (V1). L'interrupteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le volume (V2) du second compartiment est compris entre 0,25 et 0,35 fois le volume (V1) du premier compartiment.The switch according to claim 1, wherein the volume (V2) of the second compartment is between 0.25 and 0.35 times the volume (V1) of the first compartment. L'interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel une buse (3) en matière isolante est disposée coaxialement autour du premier contact (1) et dans lequel au moins le second des deux compartiments est disposé à l'intérieur de ladite buse, la cloison intérieure (4) de séparation de ces deux compartiments étant formée par une partie de la buse.The switch according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein an insulating material nozzle (3) is arranged coaxially around the first contact (1) and in which at least the second of the two compartments is arranged inside said nozzle, the partition inner (4) of separation of these two compartments being formed by part of the nozzle. L'interrupteur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le canal de soufflage (12) du premier compartiment est séparé du premier contact d'arc (1) par une paroi (14) entourant ledit contact d'arc et constituée du même matériau isolant que la buse (3). The switch according to claim 3, wherein the channel blowing (12) of the first compartment is separated from the first contact arcing (1) by a wall (14) surrounding said arcing contact and consisting of same insulating material as the nozzle (3). L'interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, dans lequel des entretoises (15) sont disposées dans le canal de soufflage (13) du second compartiment et solidairement fixées à la cloison intérieure (4) ainsi qu'au corps principal de la buse (3).The switch according to one of claims 3 and 4, in which spacers (15) are arranged in the blowing channel (13) of the second compartment and securely attached to the interior partition (4) as well as the main body of the nozzle (3). L'interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, dans lequel un aimant permanent (11) produisant un champ magnétique tournant pour la coupure de l'arc électrique est disposé à l'intérieur de la buse (3).The switch according to one of claims 3 to 5, in which a permanent magnet (11) producing a rotating magnetic field for cutting the electric arc is arranged inside the nozzle (3). L'interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1à 6, dans lequel un aimant permanent (11) produisant un champ magnétique tournant pour la coupure de l'arc électrique est disposé à l'intérieur du second contact (5).The switch according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which a permanent magnet (11) producing a rotating magnetic field for cutting the electric arc is arranged inside the second contact (5).
EP01400975A 2000-04-19 2001-04-13 Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with a dual volume arc chamber Expired - Lifetime EP1148528B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0005041A FR2808118B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 SELF-BLOWING SWITCH WITH A TWO-VOLUME CUT-OFF CHAMBER
FR0005041 2000-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1148528A1 true EP1148528A1 (en) 2001-10-24
EP1148528B1 EP1148528B1 (en) 2004-08-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01400975A Expired - Lifetime EP1148528B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-04-13 Puffer-type gas-blast circuit interrupter with a dual volume arc chamber

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US6472629B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1148528B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE272892T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2344272A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60104592T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2808118B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1403891B2 (en) 2002-09-24 2016-09-28 ABB Schweiz AG Circuit breaker
CN103201809B (en) * 2011-01-07 2016-05-04 三菱电机株式会社 Opening and closing device
JP5872260B2 (en) * 2011-11-22 2016-03-01 株式会社東芝 Gas insulation device for electric power and its manufacturing method
US10026571B1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-07-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Switching chamber for a gas-insulated circuit breaker comprising an optimized thermal channel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385212A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT SWITCH
FR2385209A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT SWITCH
FR2520551A1 (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-07-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER OF THE SELF-EXTINGUISHER TYPE
FR2520928A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-05 Alsthom Atlantique PNEUMATIC SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0150079A2 (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-07-31 SACE S.p.A. Costruzioni Elettromeccaniche Electric circuit breaker of the type using an arc quenching fluid with pressure self-generating due to the breakdown of the fluid
EP0248677A2 (en) * 1986-06-06 1987-12-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Switchgear

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2411897A1 (en) * 1974-03-12 1975-09-18 Siemens Ag ARRANGEMENT FOR EXTINGUISHING AN ARC IN A GAS FLOW SWITCH

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385212A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT SWITCH
FR2385209A1 (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp CIRCUIT SWITCH
FR2520551A1 (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-07-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp GAS CIRCUIT BREAKER OF THE SELF-EXTINGUISHER TYPE
FR2520928A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-05 Alsthom Atlantique PNEUMATIC SELF-BLOWING CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0150079A2 (en) * 1984-01-20 1985-07-31 SACE S.p.A. Costruzioni Elettromeccaniche Electric circuit breaker of the type using an arc quenching fluid with pressure self-generating due to the breakdown of the fluid
EP0248677A2 (en) * 1986-06-06 1987-12-09 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Switchgear

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60104592D1 (en) 2004-09-09
FR2808118B1 (en) 2004-06-18
EP1148528B1 (en) 2004-08-04
DE60104592T2 (en) 2005-08-04
US20010035395A1 (en) 2001-11-01
ATE272892T1 (en) 2004-08-15
FR2808118A1 (en) 2001-10-26
CA2344272A1 (en) 2001-10-19
US6472629B2 (en) 2002-10-29

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