EP1145598A2 - Improvements relating to electric heating elements - Google Patents
Improvements relating to electric heating elementsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1145598A2 EP1145598A2 EP99939537A EP99939537A EP1145598A2 EP 1145598 A2 EP1145598 A2 EP 1145598A2 EP 99939537 A EP99939537 A EP 99939537A EP 99939537 A EP99939537 A EP 99939537A EP 1145598 A2 EP1145598 A2 EP 1145598A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track
- heating element
- ptcr
- thick film
- ntcr
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0202—Switches
- H05B1/0213—Switches using bimetallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
- H05B1/0258—For cooking
- H05B1/0269—For heating of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/019—Heaters using heating elements having a negative temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
Definitions
- This invention concerns improvements relating to electric heating elements and more particularly concerns electric heating elements of the so-called thick film type which comprise a resistance heating track or layer formed on a substrate, for example a printed ink track formed on a stainless steel substrate with an insulating layer between the substrate and the track and,
- a further insulating layer overlying the track.
- the invention is particularly concerned with thick film heating elements for water boiling
- vessels such as domestic kettles and hot water jugs for example, but is capable of wider application.
- Controls are well known which are adapted to switch off the power
- kettles and hot water jugs are operated on a slope, for example with the
- any part of the heating element track can occur, leading to failure of the heating element, if any part of the heating element track is exposed above the water level in the appliance. Because thick film heating elements have low thermal mass and limited lateral heat transfer capability, any part of the heating element track exposed above the water level suffers a rapid temperature rise which can result in failure of the element. This can happen if, for example, the lid of a kettle is left off so that
- the proposal is made to array a plurality of PTCR (positive temperature coefficient of resistance) or other sensors around the heating element periphery
- heating element can be subject to overheating before any other part.
- a thick film heating element According to the present invention, a thick film heating element
- NTCR negative temperature coefficient of resistance
- one of the NTCR track portions will be exposed first if the heating element
- PTCR track portion will rise, thereby increasing its resistance so that an increased proportion of the supply voltage appears across it. This leads to a disproportionate increase in the power dissipated in the PTCR track portion, thereby raising its temperature even if it is still below the water level.
- the heating element overtemperature protection device which will switch off the heating element before any of the main heater portion is exposed above the water level, thus preventing any damage.
- the arrangement can be such that the PTCR track section is distributed with the NTCR track sections about the main heater portion of the heating element.
- the PTCR track portion can be the portion first exposed as the heating element boils dry. This will result in the temperature of the PTCR track section increasing, enhanced by the PTCR
- Figure 1 is a schematic showing of the track layout of an exemplary
- Figure 2 is a schematic circuit diagram representative of the track layout shown in Figure 1.
- FIG. 1 shown therein is a plan view of the track layout of a thick film heating element embodying the present invention. It is to
- the thick film heating element 1 of Figure 1 might for example comprise a stainless steel disc substrate having an electrically insulating layer,
- the track pattern is then formed onto the insulating layer, for example by a screen
- An overlying electrically insulating layer for example of
- glass may then be provided on top of the track pattern to protect the same.
- the track pattern comprises a main heater portion 2
- terminal portions 7 and 9 also connect to the array of NTCR track portions 3 and the series-connected PTCR track section 5.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic circuit diagram of the arrangement of the
- heating element is operated on a slope and boils dry, for example
- the resistance of the PTCR track is 1/16 of the resistance of each of the NTCR tracks, assuming an NTCR and PTCR of 0.006/°C, which is typical
- the sensor tracks would have a power output of 28 watts each. If
- the track layout shown is only one possible configuration. A different
- NTCR track portions could be used in parallel, or only one, in series
- NTCR track portions means that they must each cover a greater arc
- the invention could be adapted to heating elements of any profile.
- the PTCR track portion is placed on the element periphery, aligned with the NTCR track portions but the PTCR track
- portion could be located anywhere on the heating element, for example to align with our X4 protection system which is described in our British Patent Application No. 9808484.1.
- the slope protection system of the present invention may be combined with other element control systems, for example the steamless control system
- the PTCR track could be arranged to operate one of the
- bimetals required.
- two NTCR/PTCR circuits could be used, each PTCR track operating one of the X4's bimetals. The limit to such
- a feature of this invention is that it can give rise to an unstable circuit
- a further variation of the present invention would be to switch only the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9817594A GB2340713B (en) | 1998-08-12 | 1998-08-12 | Improvements relating to electric heating elements |
GB9817594 | 1998-08-12 | ||
PCT/GB1999/002664 WO2000010364A2 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 1999-08-12 | Improvements relating to electric heating elements |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1145598A2 true EP1145598A2 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
EP1145598A3 EP1145598A3 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
EP1145598B1 EP1145598B1 (en) | 2003-07-16 |
Family
ID=10837151
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99939537A Expired - Lifetime EP1145598B1 (en) | 1998-08-12 | 1999-08-12 | Improvements relating to electric heating elements |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1145598B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1143596C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE245335T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5380699A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69909654T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2340713B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000010364A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2851404A1 (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2004-08-20 | Acome Soc Coop Travailleurs | Heating device for e.g. personal heating application, has device for limiting current crossing heating cable and includes resistive unit that is chosen such that its resistance is negligible when cable has reached its stable mode |
GB0700079D0 (en) * | 2007-01-04 | 2007-02-07 | Boardman Jeffrey | A method of producing electrical resistance elements whihc have self-regulating power output characteristics by virtue of their configuration and the material |
EP2106195B1 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2010-05-05 | Braun GmbH | Heating element with temperature sensor |
PL2106194T3 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2014-05-30 | Braun Gmbh | Heating element with temperature control |
GB2460833B (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2011-05-18 | 2D Heat Ltd | A self-regulating electrical resistance heating element |
GB0911410D0 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-08-12 | Mantock Paul L | A low power electric heating system |
DE102011002861A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-19 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Dishwasher with at least one heater for heating circulating liquid |
CN110197749B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2022-03-22 | 香港理工大学 | Integrated heater and temperature sensing method thereof |
KR102110417B1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-05-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Electric Heater |
KR102177948B1 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2020-11-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Electric Heater |
CN109688645B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-08-10 | 广西桂仪科技有限公司 | Ceramic thick film hair straightening heater and preparation process thereof |
DE102020115017A1 (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-09 | Eugen Forschner Gmbh | ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FOR A FLUID LINE SYSTEM |
CN112747832B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Heating and self-temperature-feeding fusion type sensor and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU6635886A (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-06-11 | Otter Controls Ltd. | Heating element control |
US4849611A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1989-07-18 | Raychem Corporation | Self-regulating heater employing reactive components |
GB2228396A (en) * | 1989-02-20 | 1990-08-22 | Emaco | Electric hotplate |
GB8924936D0 (en) * | 1989-11-04 | 1989-12-28 | Ceramaspeed Ltd | Radiant electric heaters |
DE4317040A1 (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-04-28 | Schott Glaswerke | Glass ceramic hob with temperature display - has alphabetic display of state of hot plate, activated by temperature sensors beneath hot plate |
JPH06342686A (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1994-12-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electric heating device |
GB2296847B (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1999-03-24 | Strix Ltd | Electric heaters |
-
1998
- 1998-08-12 GB GB9817594A patent/GB2340713B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-12 AU AU53806/99A patent/AU5380699A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-12 EP EP99939537A patent/EP1145598B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 CN CNB998120634A patent/CN1143596C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-12 DE DE69909654T patent/DE69909654T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-12 WO PCT/GB1999/002664 patent/WO2000010364A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-12 AT AT99939537T patent/ATE245335T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0010364A3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2340713A (en) | 2000-02-23 |
EP1145598A3 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
CN1344482A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
AU5380699A (en) | 2000-03-06 |
GB9817594D0 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
CN1143596C (en) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1145598B1 (en) | 2003-07-16 |
ATE245335T1 (en) | 2003-08-15 |
WO2000010364A3 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
WO2000010364A2 (en) | 2000-02-24 |
DE69909654D1 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
DE69909654T2 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
GB2340713B (en) | 2003-03-12 |
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