EP1142610A1 - Fire fighting system for a passenger aeroplane - Google Patents

Fire fighting system for a passenger aeroplane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1142610A1
EP1142610A1 EP01105973A EP01105973A EP1142610A1 EP 1142610 A1 EP1142610 A1 EP 1142610A1 EP 01105973 A EP01105973 A EP 01105973A EP 01105973 A EP01105973 A EP 01105973A EP 1142610 A1 EP1142610 A1 EP 1142610A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aircraft
passenger
underfloor
area
extinguishing agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01105973A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1142610B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Dipl.-Ing. Grabow
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Airbus Operations GmbH
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Airbus Operations GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1142610A1 publication Critical patent/EP1142610A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1142610B1 publication Critical patent/EP1142610B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire extinguishing system for a passenger aircraft using one located in the fuselage Pipe system, which contains extinguishing agent Storage container with several smoke warning hoods mechanically connects, with each smoke warning hood having at least one smoke warning sensor and one that interacts with this smoke alarm sensor
  • Extinguishing agent discharge nozzle has, wherein outlet valves the storage container and the extinguishing agent discharge nozzles from The cockpit of the aircraft are controllable, and the being Smoke warning hoods in the underfloor area of the aircraft, preferably in the front cargo hold and / or in the rear cargo hold and / or arranged in the luggage compartment of the aircraft are.
  • DE 36 15 415 C2 includes a fire extinguishing device two fire extinguishing agent containers for liquid under pressure Extinguishing media for generating a first and a second Fire extinguishing insert known for freight compartments of means of transport, especially of aircraft.
  • This is the case with atmospheric pressure gaseous fire extinguishing agent of the two Fire extinguishing agent container via a common pipeline network with common fire extinguishing agent outflow nozzles Air cargo holds.
  • the one from the cockpit the aircraft from controllable fire extinguishing equipment can Example have a total of four outflow nozzles, from which two outlet nozzles in the front cargo hold and each an outflow nozzle in the rear cargo hold and in the luggage hold may be appropriate.
  • So-called LD-MCR containers (Lower Deck-Mobile Crew rest containers) are used on some aircraft that be installed in underfloor areas. These containers offer the crew and the passengers of the aircraft the Possibility to rest during a flight. The only temporary used relaxation rooms are so far with separate fire-fighting equipment fitted. This also applies to Similar rooms in the underfloor area as fixed installations be designed, such as BCRC rooms (Bulk Crew Rest Compartments) and other LDF rooms (Lower Deck Facility Rooms).
  • BCRC rooms Bulk Crew Rest Compartments
  • LDF rooms Liwer Deck Facility Rooms
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, with elimination of separate fire-fighting equipment of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which one for the Empty fire extinguishing system designed for the entire cargo hold without much additional effort for the relaxation rooms described above in the aircraft underfloor area is made usable.
  • the object is achieved in that the fire extinguishing system on the lower corridor area Passenger areas extends such that one or more Extinguishing agent outflow nozzles arranged in the passenger areas via pipes and branch elements on the pipe system are connected.
  • Embodiments of the invention are in subclaims 2 to 4 described.
  • the underfloor area is one Aircraft fuselage 1 designated 2, this underfloor area a front cargo hold 3, a rear cargo hold 4 and a luggage compartment 5.
  • smoke alarm hoods 6 which are preferably on their ceilings are attached.
  • Each smoke alarm hood 6 has at least one smoke warning sensor and one with this sensor cooperating extinguishing agent discharge nozzle shown in the figures 1a and 1b are not specified.
  • the extinguishing agent ejection nozzles are with a piping system 7 or several storage containers 8 mechanically connected, the contain the extinguishing agent.
  • the fire When a fire occurs in one of the cargo holds, the fire is first activated by a Smoke warning sensor detected and a message appears a signaling device arranged in the aircraft cockpit. From The cockpit then becomes the outlet valves of the storage containers for the release of the extinguishing agent as well as for fire fighting extinguishing agent discharge nozzle or Controlled nozzles.
  • Fig. 2 is in the underfloor area 2 of the fuselage 1 arranged passenger area 9 in the form of a fixed installation can be seen, the walls of which are designated 9a and the preferably as a relaxation room for passengers and / or crew members serves. This could also be an im Act the container installed under the floor.
  • the fire extinguishing system designated 10, namely a smoke alarm hood 7 and part of the piping system 7.
  • Extinguishing agent ejection nozzle 11 arranged through a pipe 12 and a branch element 13 to the piping system 7 is connected.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Abstract

The fire extinguisher comprises a storage container (8) for the extinguisher agent and connected to several smoke-warning hoods (6) each of which has a smoke-warning sensor and an ejector-nozzle. The discharge valves and ejector nozzles are controlled from the cockpit. The fire-extinguisher unit extends from the passenger areas in the lower deck part (2). One or more ejector nozzles in the passenger areas are attached to a pipe system (7) by means of pipes and branch elements.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Feuerlöschanlage für ein Passagierflugzeug unter Verwendung eines, im Flugzeugrumpf angeordneten Rohrleitungssystems, welches Löschmittel enthaltende Vorratsbehälter mit mehreren Rauchwarnhauben mechanisch verbindet, wobei jede Rauchwarnhaube mindestens einen Rauchwarnsensor und eine mit diesem Rauchwarnsensor zusammenwirkende Löschmittel-Ausströmdüse aufweist, wobei Auslaßventile der Vorratsbehälter und die Löschmittel-Ausströmdüsen vom Cockpit des Flugzeuges aus steuerbar sind, und wobei die Rauchwarnhauben im Unterflurbereich des Flugzeuges, vorzugsweise im vorderen Frachtladeraum und/oder im hinteren Frachtladeraum und/oder im Gepäckladeraum des Flugzeuges angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a fire extinguishing system for a passenger aircraft using one located in the fuselage Pipe system, which contains extinguishing agent Storage container with several smoke warning hoods mechanically connects, with each smoke warning hood having at least one smoke warning sensor and one that interacts with this smoke alarm sensor Extinguishing agent discharge nozzle has, wherein outlet valves the storage container and the extinguishing agent discharge nozzles from The cockpit of the aircraft are controllable, and the being Smoke warning hoods in the underfloor area of the aircraft, preferably in the front cargo hold and / or in the rear cargo hold and / or arranged in the luggage compartment of the aircraft are.

Aus der DE 36 15 415 C2 ist eine Feuerlöscheinrichtung mit zwei Feuerlöschmittelbehältern für unter Überdruck flüssige Löschmittel zur Erzeugung eines ersten und eines zweiten Feuerlöscheinsatzes für Frachträume von Verkehrsmitteln bekannt, insbesondere von Luftfahrzeugen. Hierbei wird das bei atmosphärischen Druck gasförmige Feuerlöschmittel der zwei Feuerlöschmittelbehälter über ein gemeinsames Rohrleitungsnetz mit gemeinsamen Feuerlöschmittelausströmdüsen zu den Frachträumen des Luftfahrzeuges befördert. Die vom Cockpit des Flugzeuges aus steuerbare Feuerlöscheinrichtung kann zum Beispiel über insgesamt vier Ausströmdüsen verfügen, von denen zwei Ausströmdüsen im vorderen Frachtladeraum und je eine Ausströmdüse im hinteren Frachtladeraum und im Gepäckladeraum angebracht sein können.DE 36 15 415 C2 includes a fire extinguishing device two fire extinguishing agent containers for liquid under pressure Extinguishing media for generating a first and a second Fire extinguishing insert known for freight compartments of means of transport, especially of aircraft. This is the case with atmospheric pressure gaseous fire extinguishing agent of the two Fire extinguishing agent container via a common pipeline network with common fire extinguishing agent outflow nozzles Air cargo holds. The one from the cockpit the aircraft from controllable fire extinguishing equipment can Example have a total of four outflow nozzles, from which two outlet nozzles in the front cargo hold and each an outflow nozzle in the rear cargo hold and in the luggage hold may be appropriate.

Zur Zeit sind sogenannte LD-MCR Container (Lower Deck-Mobile Crew Rest Container) bei einigen Flugzeugen im Einsatz, die in Unterflurbereichen installiert werden. Diese Container bieten der Besatzung und den Passagieren der Flugzeuge die Möglichkeit zum Ausruhen während eines Fluges. Die nur temporär benutzten Ruheräume werden bisher mit separaten Feuerlöscheinrichtungen ausgestattet. Dieses gilt auch für ähnliche Räume, die im Unterflurbereich als Festeinbauten konzipiert werden, wie zum Beispiel BCRC-Räume (Bulk Crew Rest Compartments) und andere LDF-Räume (Lower Deck Facility Räume). Die separaten Feuerlöscheinrichtungen führen nachteiligerweise zu einem erhöhten Aufwand an Feuerlöschflaschen, Rohrleitungen, Halterungen sowie elektrischen Systemanbindungen und somit zu unerwünschten Gewicht, Kosten und Wartungsaufwand.So-called LD-MCR containers (Lower Deck-Mobile Crew rest containers) are used on some aircraft that be installed in underfloor areas. These containers offer the crew and the passengers of the aircraft the Possibility to rest during a flight. The only temporary used relaxation rooms are so far with separate fire-fighting equipment fitted. This also applies to Similar rooms in the underfloor area as fixed installations be designed, such as BCRC rooms (Bulk Crew Rest Compartments) and other LDF rooms (Lower Deck Facility Rooms). The separate fire extinguishing devices lead disadvantageously to an increased expenditure on fire extinguishing bottles, Pipelines, brackets and electrical system connections and thus to undesirable weight, costs and Maintenance effort.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Wegfall von separaten Feuerlöscheinrichtungen eine Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der ein für das Leervolumen des gesamten Frachtladeraumes ausgelegtes Frachtraumfeuerlöschsystem ohne großen zusätzlichen Aufwand für die oben beschriebenen Ruheräume im Flugzeugunterflurbereich nutzbar gemacht wird.The invention is therefore based on the object, with elimination of separate fire-fighting equipment of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which one for the Empty fire extinguishing system designed for the entire cargo hold without much additional effort for the relaxation rooms described above in the aircraft underfloor area is made usable.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß sich die Feuerlöschanlage auf im unteren Flurbereich angeordnete Passagierbereiche derart erstreckt, daß eine oder mehrere in den Passagierbereichen angeordnete Löschmittel-Ausströmdüsen über Rohrleitungen und Abzweigelemente an dem Rohrleitungssystem angeschlossen sind. The object is achieved in that the fire extinguishing system on the lower corridor area Passenger areas extends such that one or more Extinguishing agent outflow nozzles arranged in the passenger areas via pipes and branch elements on the pipe system are connected.

Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 4 beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are in subclaims 2 to 4 described.

Ein erfindungsgemäßer Vorteil besteht darin, daß nach dem Aktivieren des Frachtraumfeuerlöschsystems das Löschmittel über die Abzweigelemente zu den Löschmittel-Ausströmdüsen in den Passagierbereichen strömt und dort zu Löschzwecken in den vom Feuer betroffenen Passagierbereich gelangt. Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt eine gleichzeitige Löschung von Frachtraum und Kabinenunterflurraum, d.h. beide Räume sind unabhängig vom Brandherd brandtechnisch abgesichert. Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung sind darin zu sehen,

  • daß keine zusätzliche manuelle Feuerbekämpfung im Kabinenunterflurraum bzw. -container erforderlich ist,
  • daß nur ein geringer Abdichtungsaufwand am Kabinenunterflurraum bzw. -container notwendig ist, da die Frachtraumverkleidung den wesentlichen Anteil zur Dichtigkeit beisteuert, und
  • daß die Schnittstellen zu den angrenzenden Räumen und Systemen, wie Zutrittsöffnungen, Klimazu- und -abluft, außerhalb der Frachtraumverkleidung im Brandfall den Dichtigkeitsanforderungen unterliegen und daher abgeschottet sein müssen.
An advantage according to the invention is that after the cargo hold fire extinguishing system has been activated, the extinguishing agent flows through the branching elements to the extinguishing agent outflow nozzles in the passenger areas and there reaches the passenger area affected by the fire for extinguishing purposes. Advantageously, a simultaneous extinguishing of the cargo hold and the underfloor cabin space takes place, ie both rooms are fire-protected regardless of the source of the fire. Further advantages of the invention can be seen in
  • that no additional manual fire fighting in the underfloor cabin or container is required,
  • that only a small amount of sealing is required on the underfloor space or container, since the cargo space paneling contributes the essential part to the tightness, and
  • that the interfaces to the adjacent rooms and systems, such as access openings, air supply and exhaust air, outside the cargo compartment cladding in the event of a fire are subject to the tightness requirements and must therefore be sealed off.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Erfindung dargestellt, und zwar zeigt:

Fig. 1a
einen Ausschnitt eines Flugzeugrumpfes mit zugehöriger Feuerlöscheinrichtung im Unterflurbereich nach dem Stand der Technik in Seitenansicht im Schnitt,
Fig. 1b
eine Draufsicht auf Fig. 1a im Schnitt, und
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht eines Flugzeugrumpfabschnittes mit einem Kabinenunterflurraum im Schnitt.
In the drawing, an embodiment according to the invention is shown, namely:
Fig. 1a
a section of an aircraft fuselage with associated fire extinguishing device in the underfloor area according to the prior art in side view in section,
Fig. 1b
a plan view of Fig. 1a in section, and
Fig. 2
a side view of an aircraft fuselage section with a cabin underfloor space in section.

In den Figuren 1a und 1b ist der Unterflurbereich eines Flugzeugrumpfes 1 mit 2 bezeichnet, wobei dieser Unterflurbereich einen vorderen Frachtraum 3, einen hinteren Frachtraum 4 und einen Gepäckraum 5 aufweist. In allen Räumen 3 bis 5 befinden sich Rauchwarnhauben 6, die vorzugsweise an ihren Decken angebracht sind. Jede Rauchwarnhaube 6 besitzt mindestens einen Rauchwarnsensor und eine mit diesem Sensor zusammenwirkende Löschmittel-Ausstoßdüse, die in den Figuren 1a und 1b nicht näher bezeichnet sind. Die Löschmittel-Ausstoßdüsen sind über ein Rohrleitungssystem 7 mit einem oder mehreren Vorratsbehältern 8 mechanisch verbunden, die das Löschmittel enthalten. Bei Auftritt eines Feuers in einem der Frachträume wird das Feuer zunächst durch einen Rauchwarnsensor festgestellt und es erfolgt eine Meldung an eine im Flugzeug-Cockpit angeordnete Signaleinrichtung. Vom Cockpit aus werden dann die Auslaßventile der Vorratsbehälter zwecks Freigabe des Löschmittels sowie die für die Feuerbekämpfung frei zuschaltenden Löschmittel-Ausstoßdüse bzw. Düsen angesteuert.In Figures 1a and 1b, the underfloor area is one Aircraft fuselage 1 designated 2, this underfloor area a front cargo hold 3, a rear cargo hold 4 and a luggage compartment 5. In all rooms 3 to 5 are smoke alarm hoods 6, which are preferably on their ceilings are attached. Each smoke alarm hood 6 has at least one smoke warning sensor and one with this sensor cooperating extinguishing agent discharge nozzle shown in the figures 1a and 1b are not specified. The extinguishing agent ejection nozzles are with a piping system 7 or several storage containers 8 mechanically connected, the contain the extinguishing agent. When a fire occurs in one of the cargo holds, the fire is first activated by a Smoke warning sensor detected and a message appears a signaling device arranged in the aircraft cockpit. From The cockpit then becomes the outlet valves of the storage containers for the release of the extinguishing agent as well as for fire fighting extinguishing agent discharge nozzle or Controlled nozzles.

Aus Fig. 2 ist ein im Unterflurbereich 2 des Flugzeugrumpfes 1 angeordneter Passagierbereich 9 in Form eines Festeinbaus ersichtlich, dessen Wandungen mit 9a bezeichnet sind und der vorzugsweise als Ruheraum für Passagiere und/oder Besatzungsmitglieder dient. Hierbei könnte es sich auch um einen im Unterflurbereich installierten Container handeln. Zu ersehen ist auch ein Teil der mit 10 bezeichneten Feuerlöschanlage, nämlich eine Rauchwarnhaube 7 und ein Teil des Rohrleitungssystems 7. In dem Innenraum des Passagierbereiches 9 ist eine Löschmittel-Ausstoßdüse 11 angeordnet, die über eine Rohrleitung 12 und ein Abzweigelement 13 an das Rohrleitungssystem 7 angeschlossen ist. Durch diese kombinierte Feuerlöschanlage 10 entfällt vorteilhafterweise eine separate Löschanlage, wie sie in der Beschreibungseinleitung beschrieben ist. From Fig. 2 is in the underfloor area 2 of the fuselage 1 arranged passenger area 9 in the form of a fixed installation can be seen, the walls of which are designated 9a and the preferably as a relaxation room for passengers and / or crew members serves. This could also be an im Act the container installed under the floor. To be seen is also part of the fire extinguishing system designated 10, namely a smoke alarm hood 7 and part of the piping system 7. In the interior of the passenger area 9 is one Extinguishing agent ejection nozzle 11 arranged through a pipe 12 and a branch element 13 to the piping system 7 is connected. Through this combined fire extinguishing system 10 advantageously dispenses with a separate one Extinguishing system as described in the introduction to the description is.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
FlugzeugrumpfAircraft fuselage
22nd
UnterflurbereichUnderfloor area
33rd
vorderer Frachtladeraumfront cargo hold
44th
hinterer Frachtladeraumrear cargo hold
55
GepäckladeraumLuggage hold
66
RauchwarnhaubeSmoke warning hood
77
RohrleitungssystemPiping system
88th
Löschmittel-VorratsbehälterExtinguishing agent storage container
99
PassagierbereichPassenger area
9a9a
Wandungen des Passagierbereiches 9Walls of the passenger area 9
1010th
FeuerlöschanlageFire extinguishing system
1111
Löschmittel-AusstoßdüseExtinguishing agent ejection nozzle
1212th
RohrleitungPipeline
1313
AbzweigelementBranch element

Claims (4)

Feuerlöschanlage für ein Passagierflugzeug unter Verwendung eines, im Flugzeugrumpf angeordneten Rohrleitungssystems, welches Löschmittel enthaltende Vorratsbehälter mit mehreren Rauchwarnhauben mechanisch verbindet, wobei jede Rauchwarnhaube mindestens einen Rauchwarnsensor und eine mit diesem Rauchwarnsensor zusammenwirkende Löschmittel-Ausströmdüse aufweist, wobei Auslaßventile der Vorratsbehälter und die Löschmittel-Ausströmdüsen vom Cockpit des Flugzeuges aus steuerbar sind, und wobei die Rauchwarnhauben im Unterflurbereich des Flugzeuges, vorzugsweise im vorderen Frachtladeraum und/oder im hinteren Frachtladeraum und/oder im Gepäckladeraum des Flugzeuges angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Feuerlöschanlage (10) auf im unteren Flurbereich (2) angeordnete Passagierbereiche (9) derart erstreckt, daß eine oder mehrere in den Passagierbereichen (9) angeordnete Löschmittel-Ausströmdüsen (11) über Rohrleitungen (12) und Abzweigelemente (13) an dem Rohrleitungssystem (7) angeschlossen sind. Fire extinguishing system for a passenger aircraft using a piping system arranged in the fuselage, which mechanically connects extinguishing agent-containing storage containers with several smoke warning hoods, each smoke warning hood having at least one smoke warning sensor and an extinguishing agent outflow nozzle interacting with this smoke warning sensor, with outlet valves of the storage container and the extinguishing agent outflow nozzle The cockpit of the aircraft are controllable, and the smoke warning hoods are arranged in the underfloor area of the aircraft, preferably in the front cargo hold and / or in the rear cargo hold and / or in the luggage hold of the aircraft, characterized in that the fire extinguishing system (10) is located in the lower corridor area (2) arranged passenger areas (9) extends in such a way that one or more extinguishing agent outflow nozzles (11) arranged in the passenger areas (9) via pipes (12) and branching elements (13) on the R pipe system (7) are connected. Feuerlöschanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Löschmittel-Austrittsdüsen (11) in einem Unterflur-Passagierruheraum (9) angeordnet sind.Fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing agent outlet nozzles (11) are arranged in an underfloor passenger rest area (9). Feuerlöschanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Unterflur-Passagierbereich (9) in einem im Unterflurbereich (2) des Flugzeuges (1) installierten Container befindet.Fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the underfloor passenger area (9) is located in a container installed in the underfloor area (2) of the aircraft (1). Feuerlöschanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Unterflur-Passagierbereich (9) als Festeinbau im Unterflurbereich (2) des Flugzeuges (1) konzipiert ist.Fire extinguishing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the underfloor passenger area (9) is designed as a fixed installation in the underfloor area (2) of the aircraft (1).
EP01105973A 2000-04-07 2001-03-10 Fire fighting system for a passenger aeroplane Expired - Lifetime EP1142610B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10017500A DE10017500B4 (en) 2000-04-07 2000-04-07 Fire extinguishing system for a passenger plane
DE10017500 2000-04-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1142610A1 true EP1142610A1 (en) 2001-10-10
EP1142610B1 EP1142610B1 (en) 2006-07-05

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EP01105973A Expired - Lifetime EP1142610B1 (en) 2000-04-07 2001-03-10 Fire fighting system for a passenger aeroplane

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6619404B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1142610B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001346896A (en)
CN (1) CN1317349A (en)
AT (1) ATE332173T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10017500B4 (en)
ES (1) ES2266037T3 (en)

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US8733463B2 (en) * 2011-01-23 2014-05-27 The Boeing Company Hybrid cargo fire-suppression agent distribution system
US8925642B2 (en) * 2011-06-29 2015-01-06 The Boeing Company Scalable cargo fire-suppression agent distribution system
CN105007994B (en) 2013-03-06 2018-05-15 庞巴迪公司 Interface between extinguishing chemical pipeline and aircraft cargo
KR101664867B1 (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-10-12 (주)제이디산업 Fire extinguisher using drone
US20160346573A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Bradley Dean Carson Lithium battery fire suppression water hose system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1142610B1 (en) 2006-07-05
ATE332173T1 (en) 2006-07-15
DE50110373D1 (en) 2006-08-17
DE10017500A1 (en) 2001-10-18
DE10017500B4 (en) 2004-07-08
US6619404B2 (en) 2003-09-16
ES2266037T3 (en) 2007-03-01
US20020007954A1 (en) 2002-01-24
CN1317349A (en) 2001-10-17
JP2001346896A (en) 2001-12-18

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