EP1140963B1 - Funktionalisierte verbindung, gegebenenfalls markierte polynukleotide und verfahren zur detektion einer ziel-nukleinsäure - Google Patents

Funktionalisierte verbindung, gegebenenfalls markierte polynukleotide und verfahren zur detektion einer ziel-nukleinsäure Download PDF

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EP1140963B1
EP1140963B1 EP00900527A EP00900527A EP1140963B1 EP 1140963 B1 EP1140963 B1 EP 1140963B1 EP 00900527 A EP00900527 A EP 00900527A EP 00900527 A EP00900527 A EP 00900527A EP 1140963 B1 EP1140963 B1 EP 1140963B1
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functionalized
nucleic acid
polynucleotide
target nucleic
function
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EP1140963A2 (de
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Eric Defranc
Ali Laayoun
Jean Lhomme
Emmanuelle Trevisiol
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Biomerieux SA
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Biomerieux SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/26—Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates
    • C12P19/28—N-glycosides
    • C12P19/30—Nucleotides
    • C12P19/34—Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new compound nucleoside or nucleotide, functionalized by a alkyl ketone group, a polynucleotide comprising at least minus one nucleotide unit functionalized by a alkyl ketone group, before and after labeling, as well as the implementation and applications of these products especially for the detection of acid sequences nucleic.
  • nucleic acids In the field of nucleic acids, synthesis of functionalized nucleotides has been described in particular in the field of diagnostics and more particularly for the preparation of labeled nucleic acid probes usable for the detection of a target nucleic acid.
  • the functionalized nucleotide must be incorporated into a polynucleotide. Then, the function carried by the nucleotide must be able to react on a tracer so specific and effective for the use of polynucleotide as a detection probe.
  • patent EP-A-0 407 816 describes derivatives uracil modified in position 5 for the manufacture of chemical or enzymatic probes. Still in the same purpose, patents WO-A-86/06726 and EP-A-0 212 951 describe positionally modified cytosine derivatives 4. Patent EP-A-0 254 646 describes an adenosine derivative modified in position 8.
  • WO-A-92/00989 describes an application particular of modified nucleotides for the introduction of proteins on a polynucleotide.
  • Patent application WO-A-98/05766 of the plaintiff poses the problem of incorporating functionalized nucleotides which can be incorporated by enzymatic reaction and in particular by techniques enzyme amplification, no longer for preparation of labeled probes, but directly to generate a marked target.
  • the need for sensitivity is more important and the choice of the functionalized nucleotide is crucial to get the right sensitivity.
  • nucleophilic functions such as the amine and alkoxyamine functions, or electrophiles such as the aldehyde function are described, which allow a efficient incorporation of the functionalized nucleotide into the amplification, but there is nevertheless a need for an even more efficient functionalized nucleotide, especially in terms of ease of preparation, in terms of neutrality towards enzymatic reactions or chemicals and in terms of reactivity for the labeling of this nucleotide by a tracer after incorporation.
  • the alkyl ketone function as defined in the present invention is stable enough to withstand this type of treatment, therefore does not represent a protective group and its stability compared to different methods of chemical synthesis has for consequently a greater ease of preparation especially with respect to amine, aldehyde or alkoxyamines as described in patent WO-A-98/05766.
  • nucleotides carrying this function have excellent neutrality towards enzymatic reactions since it is possible to completely replace a natural nucleotide with a nucleotide carrying this alkyl ketone function in a enzymatic reaction without affecting the yield of this reaction and even more surprising by improving it in certain cases.
  • WO-A-95/24185 describes a nucleoside modified by an alkyl ketone group, the part of which alkyl can have up to 20 carbon atoms.
  • This compound is especially intended for synthesis of oligonucleotides, which find application in therapy, in diagnosis.
  • the introduction of a group, in particular alkyl ketone, on the nucleus pyrimidine of the nucleoside described is not intended to functionalization for a subsequent reaction of said group, but aims to obtain analogues of oligonucleotides which have, with respect to natural oligonucleotides, interesting properties for the purposes of their uses, such as greater ease of hybridization with a target nucleic acid, a greater resistance to nucleases.
  • nucleotide analogue a nucleoside or a nucleotide, a nucleoside or a nucleotide carrying one or more modifications on a constituent elements of said nucleoside or nucleotide as a modification of deoxyribose or ribose sugar such as xylose, arabinose, configuration sugars alpha (FR 2 607 507), PNAs (M. Egholm et al., J. Am. Chem.
  • the nitrogenous base is chosen in particular from purines or pyrimidines such as adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, thymine or any other base modified allowing hybridization like the bases natural modifications (such as 6-keto-purine, xanthine, 5-methyl-cytosine, 2-amino-purine) or not natural (such as thioguanine or 8-oxo-guanine, deazapurine, azapurine), or basic analogs like universal bases (such as nebularin derivatives, nitroindole or nitropyrrole).
  • purines or pyrimidines such as adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine, thymine or any other base modified allowing hybridization like the bases natural modifications (such as 6-keto-purine, xanthine, 5-methyl-cytosine, 2-amino-purine) or not natural (such as thioguanine or 8-oxo-gu
  • the nitrogenous base is adenine, uracil, cytosine.
  • the link arm L is grafted on a position any of the nitrogenous base or its analog. Of preferably the link arm will be grafted on a position not disturbing the hybridization. In particular, the arm bond will be attached to the amine in position 4 of the cytosine, position 5 of uracil or the amine in position 6 of adenine.
  • protective group is meant the groups conventionally used in the chemical synthesis of nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides (see for example Chemistry of Nucleosides and Nucleotides, Edited by Leroy B. Townsend, Plenum Press, New York and London and Protocols for Oligonucleotides and Analogs, Synthesis and Properties, Edited by S. Agrawal, Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey).
  • R 4 is a 4,4'-dimethoxy trityl group and R 2 is a 2-cyanoethyl-N, N-diisopropylphosphoramidite group and R 3 is H or OR 5 , where R 5 is a protective group used in the synthesis of oligoribonucleotide.
  • R 4 is a triphosphate group
  • R 2 is H
  • R 3 is OH
  • the phosphate groups are generally under form of salts, and particularly lithium salts, sodium, or triethylammonium acetate.
  • the invention also relates to a polynucleotide.
  • functionalized comprising at least one nucleotide functionalized as defined above. He can be synthesized by chemical and / or enzymatic reaction. In the case of a synthesis by enzymatic reaction and especially in the case of an enzymatic amplification, the neutrality of the functionalized nucleotide with respect to enzymatic reactions allows the incorporation of several functionalized nucleotides.
  • enzymatic reaction we include all reactions in which at least one enzyme whose activity is linked to a nucleotide. So we hears all reactions including at least one step enzyme in which a nucleotide serves as a substrate for the enzyme, whether or not said nucleotide is transformed during this enzymatic step.
  • steps enzyme in which a nucleotide serves as a substrate for the enzyme, whether or not said nucleotide is transformed during this enzymatic step.
  • Such reactions are chosen from those used in molecular biology techniques such as transcription, ligation, elongation, clipping and more particularly in amplification techniques (see for example the article by E. Winn-Deen, Journal of Clinical assay, vol 19, p21-26, (1996)).
  • the enzymes whose activities are linked to nucleotides can in particular be selected from the following non-exhaustive list: DNA dependent DNA polymerases such as the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I from E. Coli , TAQ polymerase, T7, T4 or T5 DNA polymerases, cellular or viral eukaryotic polymerases, DNA dependent RNA polymerases such as polymerizations of AMV (Avian Myoblastosis Virus), of MMLV (Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus); RNA polymerases such as T7, T3 SP6, N4, PBSII RNA polymerases, RNA polymerases from E. Coli ; enzymes with nuclease activity such as restriction endonucleases, Rnase H; or polyA polymerases, replicases such as Q-beta-replicase, terminal transferases or ligases.
  • DNA dependent DNA polymerases such as the Klenow fragment of DNA polyme
  • thermostable enzymes presenting the activities enzymes described above can also be used in the invention.
  • a transcription step like NASBA (Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification), TMA (Transcription Mediated Amplification) or a post PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) transcription as described in the articles by R.J. Lipshutz et al, Biotechniques, 19 (3), p442-447, 1995 or M. Kozal et al, Nature Medicine, 2 (7), p753-759, 1996.
  • NASBA Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification
  • TMA Transcription Mediated Amplification
  • a post PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • chemical synthesis is meant all both solid and liquid phase methods in which a suitably nucleotide monomer protected reacts with another monomer or polymer nucleotide by a coupling reaction.
  • polynucleotide means a chain of at least minus 2 nucleotide monomers.
  • the size is less than 300 nucleotides and advantageously 150.
  • the size is less than 20 kb and advantageously less than 10 kb.
  • the invention also relates to a labeled functionalized polynucleotide comprising at least one functionalized compound of general formula (I '): in which W represents a nucleotide analog, as defined above, L represents a link arm comprising at least four atoms, n represents an index equal to 0 or 1, R 1 represents an alkyl chain, linear or branched, the alkyl ketone group of said functionalized compound having interacted with a labeling reagent.
  • W represents a nucleotide analog, as defined above
  • L represents a link arm comprising at least four atoms
  • n represents an index equal to 0 or 1
  • R 1 represents an alkyl chain, linear or branched, the alkyl ketone group of said functionalized compound having interacted with a labeling reagent.
  • W, L and R 1 advantageously meet the definitions given above for describing preferred functionalized compounds of the invention.
  • labeling reagent is meant a tracer directly or indirectly generating a detectable signal and capable of reacting with the alkyl ketone function.
  • the tracer is a compound sterically compact fluorescent like fluorescein, dansyle, IR type chromophores (Li-COR Inc, Lincoln NE, USA), CY5 and CY3 (Randolph J.B. and al, Nucleic Acids Res., 25 (14), p2923-2929, 1997) and their derivatives.
  • small steric hindrance is meant a molecular weight less than 1000 g / mole.
  • this labeling reagent To react with the alkyl ketone function, this labeling reagent must carry a nucleophilic function likely to react with an alkyl ketone function such as alkoxyamine or hydrazine functions.
  • the chosen function is alkoxyamine which can be introduced by any means direct or indirect.
  • direct means is meant a covalent bond between the tracer or a molecule carrying the tracer and the alkoxyamine function.
  • indirect means we mean complexation systems of the type metal / chelate or affinity systems i.e. haptens detectable by a specific antibody or protein such as biotin / avidin or streptavidin, sugar / lectin. In this case it is the antibody or protein which carries the tracer and it is the hapten which carries the alkoxyamine function.
  • the labeling reagent has the formula:
  • the invention also relates to a solid support. to which a nucleotide, a nucleoside or a polynucleotide according to the invention.
  • nucleotide a nucleoside or a polynucleotide comprising an alkyl ketone group
  • solid support on which is present an alkoxyamine or hydrazine function, preferably alkoxyamine
  • polynucleotide is preformed and the final reaction is to graft, at a predetermined position on the support, the polynucleotide.
  • polynucleotides are synthetic oligonucleotides (chemically) short (less than 50) bases), in a second particular mode, the polynucleotides are larger than 50 bases and are prepared by enzymatic methods such as enzymatic amplification.
  • the nucleoside or nucleotide is added in stages successive (chain extension) on the support for obtain at the end of the synthesis cycle a polynucleotide grafted to a predetermined position on the solid support.
  • a preferential application of these supports transplanted is to obtain biochips for the analysis of Genoa.
  • the invention also relates to a detection method of a target nucleic acid in a sample in which this target nucleic acid is optionally contacted pretreated with at least one functionalized compound corresponding to formula (I '), in the presence of the elements and under conditions necessary to obtain a polynucleotide of the invention, to obtain a functionalized polynucleotide; to mark said polynucleotide with a labeling reagent then to detect said labeled polynucleotide.
  • Elements and conditions above are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • pre-treatment we mean the different sample processing steps to make accessible target nucleic acid, like for example the lysis, fluidification, concentration.
  • the functionalized polynucleotide is obtained by an enzymatic amplification reaction which acts on the target nucleic acid which serves as a template and which is capable of incorporating the functionalized nucleotide.
  • the amplification technique enzyme is NASBA (Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification), TMA (Transcription Mediated Amplification) or post PCR transcription (Polymerase Chain Reaction) as described in the articles by R.J. Lipshutz et al, Biotechniques, 19 (3), p442-447, 1995 or M. Kozal et al, Nature Médecine, 2 (7), p753-759, 1996.
  • NASBA Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification
  • TMA Transcription Mediated Amplification
  • post PCR transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Labeled polynucleotide can be detected qualitatively and / or quantitatively in homogeneous phase or heterogeneous.
  • a preferential mode of detection consists fixing the labeled polynucleotide on a solid support by through a hybridization reaction between the labeled polynucleotide and another polynucleotide itself fixed on the solid support then to reveal the presence of polynucleotide labeled after a washing step. This revelation is done directly by reading as by example with a scanner or a camera if the plotter is a fluorescent molecule.
  • the detection method is particularly useful in the case where a multitude of polynucleotides are attached on the solid support at a predetermined position for form a "DNA chip".
  • the detection method is applicable for the sequencing, the expression profile of messenger RNAs or the mutation screening, disease diagnosis infectious or genetic.
  • a fragmentation step can take place to favor the hybridization of the labeled polynucleotide on the DNA chip, before, jointly or after the step of marking.
  • the invention further relates to a method of detection of a target nucleic acid in a sample in which this target nucleic acid is contacted with a functionalized polynucleotide of the invention, we reacts the labeling reagent and detects the presence of target nucleic acid.
  • Another way to practice the invention is to react, before hybridization with nucleic acid target, the functionalized polynucleotide and the reagent of marking.
  • This target nucleic acid may have been amplified by an enzymatic amplification technique.
  • the invention relates to the method of detection of a target nucleic acid according to which has a labeled polynucleotide of the invention, we put in contact nucleic acid with the labeled polynucleotide and detecting the presence of the target nucleic acid.
  • solid support includes all materials on which can be immobilized a polynucleotide for use in diagnostic tests and in separation processes.
  • Natural or synthetic materials, modified or not chemically can be used as a solid support, especially polysaccharides such as materials to cellulose base, for example paper, derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose, dextran; polymers such as polyvinylchlorides, polyethylenes, polystyrenes, polyacrylates, polyamides, or copolymers based on styrene-type monomers, esters of carboxylic acids unsaturated, vinylidene chloride, dienes or compounds having nitrile functions (such as acrylonitrile); vinyl chloride / propylene copolymers, vinyl / vinyl acetate; natural fibers such than cotton and synthetic fibers such as nylon; inorganic materials such as silica, quartz glasses, ceramics; latex, that is to say colloidal aqueous dispersions of a polymer
  • the attached figure represents the yields of transcription measured according to the nucleotide used.
  • the methyl ketone motif is introduced onto the arm by peptide coupling between propargylamine and 6-oxo-heptanoic acid.
  • the methyl ketone chain was characterized by NMR of the proton, NMR of Carbon 13 and by spectrometry of mass.
  • the nucleoside is obtained methyl ketone in the form of a whitish powder (340 mg, 0.73 mmol, 60%).
  • the product was characterized by NMR of proton, Carbon 13 and mass spectrometry. We thus gets the methyl ketone nucleoside correctly protected for the introduction of triphosphate in 5 '.
  • the nucleoside methyl ketone (46 mg, 0.1 mmol) is dissolved in anhydrous pyridine and is evaporated 2 times.
  • 100 ml of pyridine, 300 ml of dioxane and a freshly prepared solution of 2-chloro-4H-1,2,3-dioxaphosphorin-4-one (1 M) in dioxane (130 ⁇ l; 130 ⁇ mol)
  • add 0.5 M pyrophosphate solution tributylamonnimum in anhydrous DMF 320 ⁇ l, 0.16 mmol
  • 2 ml of a 1% iodine solution are added to a pyridine / water mixture (98/2: v / v).
  • Protected triphosphate (0.03 mmol) is taken up in 15 ml of milli-Q water to which 15 ml of a solution 25% aqueous TFA are added. The solution is agitated for 15 minutes then evaporate and coevaporate 2 times with water.
  • diaminobutane in position 6 of adenosine is carried out by substitution of the triazolo group carried by the protected intermediate nucleoside.
  • the methyl ketone function is then introduced by peptide coupling at the nucleoside level.
  • the phosphorylation is carried out by the Eckstein method.
  • the expected triphosphate is obtained, characterized by proton NMR, phosphorus 31.
  • Adenosine-isopropylidene (1 g, 3.2 mmol) and the amidine described above (1.4 g, 6.5 mmol) are stirred in pyridine (15 ml) at 100 ° C under argon for 48 h.
  • the pyridine is then evaporated and coevaporated with toluene.
  • the oil obtained is then taken up in ethyl acetate and this organic phase is washed with water saturated with NaCl. After drying over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporation, the triazolo nucleoside is obtained in the form of a white powder with a yield of 60% (700 mg, 1.9 mmol). It was then characterized by proton NMR.
  • the triazolo nucleoside (1 g, 2.8 mmol) is solubilized in 20 ml of pyridine.
  • (TBDMS-Cl, Terbutyldimethylsilyl chloride) (462 mg, 3 mmol) is added at 0 ° C. under argon. Stirring is continued for two hours and then the pyridine is evaporated. The residue thus obtained is chromatographed on silica gel (eluent: CH 2 Cl 2 : / Methanol: 95/5). After evaporation, the fully protected intermediate adenosine is obtained in the form of a white powder (1.25 mg, 2.6 mmol, 93%).
  • This nucleoside was characterized by proton, carbon 13 NMR and by mass spectrometry.
  • Adenosine triazolo (1.25 mg, 2.64 mmol) is dissolved in 10 ml of acetonitrile. Diaminobutane (2.7 ml, 25.4 mmol) is then added and the mixture is stirred at 50 ° C. under argon. After 5 hours, the solvent is evaporated and the residue is taken up in ethyl acetate. This organic phase is washed with water saturated with NaCl. After drying over Na2SO4 and evaporation by chromatography on silica gel (eluent: CH 2 Cl 2 / MeOH: 8/2, then CH 2 Cl 2 / MeOH: 8/2 in the presence of 2% ammonia).
  • the amino nucleoside was characterized by NMR of proton, carbon 13 and mass spectrometry.
  • the 6-oxo-heptanoic acid (288 mg, 2 mmol) is dissolved in 5 ml of anhydrous THF. The solution is placed at 0 ° C under argon. N-methylmorpholine (223 ⁇ l, 2 mmol) is then added and after 5 min, isobutyl dichloroformate (258 ⁇ l, 2 mmol). After 15 minutes, the amino nucleoside is added. After 2 hours, the THF is evaporated and the residue is taken up in ether. Washing is carried out with a 1N aqueous NaOH solution and then with water saturated with NaCl. After drying over Na 2 SO 4 and evaporation, an oil is obtained.
  • Desilylation is carried out by taking up the oil in 10 ml of THF to which TBAF (3.25 ml of a 1M solution in THF) is added. After one hour the solvent is evaporated. The residue is dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water saturated with NaCl. After drying and evaporation, the residue is chromatographed on silica gel (eluent: CH 2 Cl 2 , then CH 2 Cl 2 / MeOH: 95/5).
  • Adenosine- (N6) -C10-methyl ketone protected in 2 ', 3 'by isopropylidene is dissolved in pyridine anhydrous and is evaporated twice.
  • the stirring is left for 20 minutes and then add a 0.5 M solution of pyrophosphate tributylamonium in anhydrous DMF (1.6 ml, 0.8 mmol) and simultaneously 650 ⁇ l of tributylamine.
  • 0.035 mmol of protected triphosphate is taken up in 17.5 ml of milli-Q water to which 17.5 ml of a 25% aqueous TFA solution are added. Stirred for 15 minutes then evaporated and coevaporated twice with water, taken up in 10 ml of milli-Q water and neutralized with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide until pH 8. After evaporation, a purification in C18 (eluent: H2O; H2O / MeOH). The fractions containing the product are evaporated and dosed. 0.022 mmol (63%) of adenosine- (N6) -C10-methyl ketone triphosphate 2 is thus obtained.
  • the introduction of the oxyamine chain on fluorescein takes place in three stages: the first stage is a nucleophilic addition of 1,3-diaminopropane to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). After purification in reverse phase, the protected oxyamine motif in the form of Fmoc is introduced by peptide coupling. Free oxyamine is generated by deprotection in basic medium.
  • FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
  • Diaminopropane (585 ⁇ l, 6.96 mmol) is added to 20 ml of anhydrous DMF.
  • Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) 500 mg, 1.16 mmol solubilized in 7 ml of anhydrous DMF is then added under argon dropwise. Stirring is continued for 15 minutes after the end of the addition. Evaporate to dryness and coevaporate twice with water. The residue is chromatographed in reverse phase (C18): (Eluent: H 2 O / MeOH: 1/1).
  • the product is thus recovered in the form of a orange powder (420 mg, 0.93 mmol, 80%). It is characterized by proton, Carbon 13 NMR and by mass spectrometry.
  • the carboxyalkoxyamine protected by the Fmoc is solubilized: HOOC - CH 2 - ONH -Fmoc (473 mg, 1.5 mmol in 10 ml of anhydrous DMF). Place at 0 ° C under argon. N-methylmorpholine (166 ⁇ l, 1.5 mmol) is then added and after 15 minutes the fluorescein carrying the diaminopropane chain (350 mg, 0.75 mmol) is added. After 1 hour of reaction, the DMF is evaporated to dryness. The residue obtained is chromatographed on silica gel (CH 2 Cl 2 / MeOH: 85/15 (solid deposit). This gives the protected fluorescein-alkoxyamine in the form of an orange powder (227 mg, 0.3 mmol, 40 It is characterized by proton NMR, Carbon 13 and mass spectrometry.
  • the fluorescein protected by the fmoc (100 mg, 0.13 mmol) is dissolved in 2 ml of anhydrous DMF. Pyridine (20 ⁇ l, 0.2 mmol) is then added. After 15 minutes, the mixture is evaporated to dryness and then purification is carried out in reverse phase C18 (eluent: H 2 O / CH 3 CN: 1/1 then CH 3 CN). After evaporation, the product is obtained in the form of an orange powder (49 mg, 0.09 mmol, 70%). This fluorophore was characterized by proton NMR, 13 C NMR and by mass spectrometry.
  • the reaction is carried out in the presence of 1.1 eq. of fluorophore-ONH 2 ( 4 ) relative to the methyl ketone compound.
  • the reaction is quick and selective.
  • the adducts were characterized by proton NMR and by mass spectrometry.
  • the transcriptions were carried out using a PCR target (fragment of the 16 S RNA of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) (Troesch A. et al, J. Clin. Microbiol., 37 (1), 49-55, 1999) or fragment of HIV reverse transcriptase (Kozal MJ et al, Nature Médecine, 2 (7), 753-759, 1996) using T7 RNA polymerase and different relationships between the functionalized nucleotide and the natural nucleotides, while keeping at 1mM the total concentration of each nucleotide. This ratio between the functionalized nucleotide and the corresponding natural nucleotide is expressed as a percentage and the ratios used are generally 0, 30, 70 and 100%.
  • the point at 0% serves as a transcription control, since in this case there is no functionalized nucleotide and the transcription reaction comprises the 4 natural nucleotides.
  • the functionalized nucleotide represents 100% of the nucleotide studied (the other three nucléoti necessary for the transcription reaction being naturally the natural nucleotides).
  • This 100% ratio for a functionalized nucleotide is the most significant test of neutrality vis-à-vis an enzymatic reaction since the enzyme must incorporate this nucleotide to function properly.
  • the incubation time for the transcription reaction is 1 hour at 42 ° C.
  • Transcripts are analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under conditions denaturing agents (6% acrylamide, 7M urea, 1XTBE). Volume deposited is 5 ⁇ l and migration takes place for 45 min at 150 V. Viewing transcripts, natural or functionalized with the methyl ketone function is performed under UV lamp after staining with ethidium bromide.
  • the quantity of transcripts produced in each reaction is determined by UV assay after purification an aliquot from a transcription reaction.
  • the transcripts are purified on microcon-50 filters (Amicon, Beverly, MA) to remove the excess of unincorporated nucleotides. They are then hydrolyzed according to the protocol described in patent application WO98 / 05766 using the nuclease P1 (Boehringer reference 2362251,2U, 2 h at 37 ° C) and the alkaline phosphatase (Boehringer-Mannhein reference 713023,1U, 1 h to 37 ° C). The digestions are carried out on 4.10 14 copies of transcripts.
  • the nucleoside composition is determined by reverse phase HPLC, by comparison with nucleoside standards composed of a mixture of natural nucleosides.
  • the marking of transcripts is carried out in using different proportions of fluorophore. Time reaction time is 30 min at room temperature. The marking was carried out on the transcripts generated at from Mtb target and / or HIV target, obtained by incorporation of 100% of a methyl ketone nucleotide. In firstly, the marked transcripts are analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized under UV, before and after staining with ethidium bromide.
  • the labeled transcripts are cleaved at 65 ° C. for 30 min using imidazole and manganese chloride (MnCl 2 ) at a concentration of 30 mM each.
  • the fragments obtained are hybridized, detected and analyzed on a DNA chip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA) according to the protocol provided by the manufacturer.
  • a DNA chip Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA
  • the so-called “myco” chips are designed for the resequencing of the region 213-415 of the sequence M20940 "Genbank” of the 16S RNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Troesch A. et al, J. Clin. Microbiol., 37 (1) , 49-55, 1999).
  • Those called “HIV PRT 440” are designed for the resequencing of the RT (reverse transcriptase) and protease regions of the HIV virus (Kozal MJ et al, Nature Medecine, 2 (7), 753-759, 1996).
  • the markings were carried out on the crude transcripts generated from the Mtb target using 100% of the nucleotide U-COCH 3 ( 1 ).
  • the amount of fluorophore was varied relative to the number of reactive sites. These ratios are: 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 50 equivalents of flurophore-ONH 2 . 10 equivalents are suitable for intense and selective labeling.
  • a "blocking" agent acetone or glutaraldehyde
  • Hybridization is performed using the Gene Chip fluidics Station hybridization station (800101 Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA), the appropriate chips and buffers, and the protocol provided by the manufacturer.
  • the parameters percentage of the bases called (Base Call), average signal intensity, median intensity and the background noise were calculated using the software supplied by the manufacturer (GenChip sequence analysis system, reference 900135, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA) . The results are given in the two tables below.
  • the signal intensity is expressed in RFU (manufacturer's fluorescence units).
  • Mtb transcripts Target Bases called (%) Average Intensity (Rfu) Median intensity (Rfu) • Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Transcribed 100% U-COCH 3 100eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 100 eq acetone 97.7 3540 3260 20 eq Fluo-ONH2 + 20 eq glutaraldehyde 92.4 12630 11970 Base called: percentage of bases correctly identified.
  • HIV transcripts Target Bases called (%) Average intensity (Rfu) Median Intensity (Rfu) • HIV Transcribed 70% U-COCH 3 10 eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 10 eq glutaraldehyde 98.8 2175 1765 Transcribed 100% U-COCH 3 10 eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 10 eq glutaraldehyde 99.0 2675 2090 100% U-COCH 3 5 eq Fluo-ONH 2 transcripts without blocker 97.5 4750 4095 Transcribed 100% U-COCH 3 5 eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 5 eq glutaraldehyde 98.5 1825 1550 100% U-COCH 3 transcribed 2 eq Fluo-ONH 2 without blocker 98.3 2380 2035 Transcribed 100% U-COCH 3 2 eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 2 eq glutaraldehyde 98.8 620 540
  • Cytidine 3 was 100% incorporated into RNAs transcribed from Mtb as described in Example III. The cleavage and marking process is also carried out as indicated above.
  • Target Bases called (%) Average intensity (Rfu) Median intensity (Rfu) Transcribed 100% C-COCH 3 20 eq Fluo-ONH 2 + 20 eq glutaraldehyde 94.2 6655 6200
  • Uridine carrying an alkoxyamine chain in position 5 is prepared according to the method described in Example 4 of patent application WO-A-98/05766.
  • the synthesis of the fluorescein marker (FLUO-CHO) aldehyde is described in Example 18 of application WO-A-98/05766.
  • alkoxyamine requires permanent protection by the tert-butoxycarbonyl group (BOC).
  • BOC tert-butoxycarbonyl group
  • This function is deprotected at the same time as isopropylidene in 2 ', 3' after phosphorylation in the presence of 50% acid trifluoroacetic. This percentage in TFA is necessary to obtain a deprotection of the alkoxyamine close to 90%.
  • solutions more concentrated acids are needed. In these solutions the triphosphate degrades very quickly into diphosphate and monophosphate.
  • the methyl ketone chain is sufficiently hydrophobic even after deprotection, it thus contributes to good separation of the nucleotide triphosphate during its purification by reverse phase HPLC. This separation is more difficult in the case of the alkoxyamine chain.
  • the figure shows the yields of transcription measured by the amount of amplicons produced (on the ordinate in copies / microliters) according to the 3 nucleotides used.
  • the percentage of resequencing using uridine-alkoxyamine is weaker than that obtained with its counterpart carrying the methyl ketone function.
  • the aldehyde chain uridine (U-CHO) is prepared according to the following scheme:
  • the chain is synthesized by peptide coupling between 4-aminobutyraldehyde-diethylacetal and 4-pentynoic acid. Heck coupling leads to the protected nucleoside. Phosphorylation followed by deprotection in an acid medium leads well to the expected nucleotide.
  • the products were characterized by 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR.
  • the post-marking reaction using the fluorescein-alkoxyamine, shows no results after gel and DNA chip analysis of transcripts of mycobacterium. This shows that the transformation of the aldehyde occurred during the transcription stage which shows the interest of the methyl ketone function by compared to aldehyde.
  • Uridine carrying an amine chain in position 5 (U-NH2) is prepared according to the method described in Example 3 of patent application WO 98/05766.
  • the protection of the amine function by the Boc group is in this case also necessary.
  • Cytidine carrying an amine chain in position 4 (C-NH 2 ) is prepared according to Example 16 of patent application WO-A-98/05766.
  • This nucleotide was incorporated into fragments of the 16S RNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by transcription reactions carried out from a PCR target according to the protocol described in Example IV.
  • the amount of amplicons obtained is 20 times less than that obtained with a transcription containing 100% natural nucleotide.
  • Target Bases called (%) Average intensity (Rfu) Unpurified transcripts + 100eq FITC ND ND Unpurified transcripts + 100eq FITC + 1000eq of diamine blocker 86 346 ND: not determined, the surface of the chip is completely saturated.
  • Diamine blocker H 2 N-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -CH2-NH 2 .

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Claims (19)

  1. Funktionalisierte Verbindung mit der allgemeinen Formel (I):
    Figure 00510001
       in welcher
       W ein Nucleotidanalog darstellt, welches ausgewählt ist aus einem Nucleosid und einem Nucleotid, wobei das Nucleosid und das Nucleotid eine oder mehrere Modifikationen an einem ihrer Grundelemente tragen können, welche der Ribose- oder der Desoxyribosezucker, die stickstoffhaltige Base und das Phosphat oder eines seiner Äquivalente sind,
       L einen Verbindungsarm mit einer Verkettung von 8 bis 30 Atomen darstellt, und L eine gesättigte oder ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffkette ist, die ggf. durch zumindest eine Funktion unterbrochen ist, die ausgewählt ist aus einer Amin-, Amid- und Oxid-Funktion, und
       R1 eine lineare oder verzweigte Alkylkette darstellt.
  2. Verbindung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass R1 eine Alkylkette mit höchstens 6 Kohlenstoffatomen darstellt.
  3. Verbindung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass R1 eine Methylgruppe darstellt.
  4. Verbindung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass W der allgemeinen Formel (II)
    Figure 00520001
       entspricht, in der:
    R2 für H oder eine Schutzgruppe steht,
    R3 für H, F, OH, SH, NH2, OCH3 oder OR5 steht, wobei R5 für eine Schutzgruppe oder eine Alkylkette steht,
    R4 für einen H-Rest, eine Schutzgruppe oder eine Mono-, Di- oder Triphosphat-Gruppe steht,
    B eine stickstoffhaltige Base darstellt und
    W über B an L gebunden ist.
  5. Verbindung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die stickstoffhaltige Base Cytosin, Uracil oder Adenin ist.
  6. Verbindung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass R2 ein H, R, eine OH-Gruppe und R4 eine Triphosphat-Gruppe ist.
  7. Verbindung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass R2 eine 2-Cyanoethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoamidit-Gruppe ist, und R3 für H oder OR5 steht, wobei R5 eine Schutzgruppe ist, die bei der Synthese eines Oligoribonucleotids eingesetzt wird, und dass R, eine 4,4'-Dimethoxytrityl-Gruppe ist.
  8. Funktionalisiertes Polynucleotid mit zumindest einer funktionalisierten Verbindung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche.
  9. Funktionalisiertes Polynucleotid nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polynucleotid auf chemische und/oder auf enzymatische Weise hergestellt wird.
  10. Funktionalisiertes Polynucleotid nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polynucleotid durch eine enzymatische Amplifikationsreaktion hergestellt wird.
  11. Markiertes funktionalisiertes Polynucleotid, welches aus einer Kopplung zwischen einem Markierungsreagens, das eine nucleophile Funktion trägt, und der Alkylketonfunktion eines funktionalisierten Polynucleotids nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10 entsteht.
  12. Polynucleotid nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Markierungsreagens eine Hydrazin- oder Alkoxyamin-Funktion aufweist.
  13. Polynucleotid nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Markierungareagens
    Figure 00540001
    ist.
  14. Verfahren zur Detektion einer Ziel-Nucleinsäure, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Ziel-Nucleinsäure mit zumindest einem funktionalisierten Nucleotid der Formel (I), wie es in Ansprüche 1 definiert ist,
       in Gegenwart von zumindest einem Enzym in Kontakt gebracht wird, damit zumindest ein funktionalisiertes Nucleotid in die Ziel-Nucleinsäure eingebaut und eine funktionalisierte Ziel-Nucleinsäure gewonnen werden kann,
    dass man ein Markierungsreagens, welches eine nucleophile Funktion trägt, an der Alkylketon-Funktion der funktionalisierten Nucleinsäure reagieren lässt,
    und dass die markierte Nucleinsäure detektiert wird.
  15. Verfahren zur Detektion einer Ziel-Nucleinsäure nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nucleophile Funktion des Markierungsreagens eine Alkoxyamin-Funktion ist.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die funktionalisierte Ziel-Nucleinsäure durch eine enzymatische Amplifikationsreaktion gewonnen wird.
  17. Verfahren zur Detektion einer Ziel-Nucleinsäure, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Ziel-Nucleinsäure mit einem funktionalisierten Polynucleotid in Kontakt gebracht wird, das zumindest eine funktionalisierte Verbindung der Formel (I), wie es in Ansprüche 1 definiert ist,
    dass man ein Markierungsreagens, welches eine nucleophile Funktion trägt, an der Alkylketon-Funktion des funktionalisierten Polynucleotids reagieren lässt,
    und dass das Vorliegen der Ziel-Nucleinsäure durch die Detektion des markierten Hybrides nachgewiesen wird.
  18. Verfahren zur Detektion einer Ziel-Nucleinsäure nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nucleophile Funktion des Markierungs-Reagens eine Alkoxyamin-Funktion ist.
  19. Verfahren zur Detektion einer Ziel-Nucleinsäure, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    ein markiertes, funktionalisiertes Polynucleotid bereitgestellt wird, das aus einer Kopplung zwischen einem Markierungsreagens, das eine nucleophile Funktion trägt und der Alkylketon-Funktion eines funktionalisierten Polynucleotids stammt, welches zumindest eine funktionalisierte Verbindung der Formel (I), wie es in Ansprüche 1 defeniert ist,
    dass diese Ziel-Nucleinsäure mit dem markierten, funktionalisierten Polynucleotid in Kontakt gebracht wird,
    dass ein Hybrid aus dem Ziel und dem markierten, funktionalisierten Polynucleotid gebildet wird,
       und dass das Vorliegen der Ziel-Nucleinsäure durch die Detektion des markierten Hybrids detektiert wird.
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