EP1138884B1 - Method for the pilot opening of an exhaust gas valve of an engine with an electromechanical valve mechanism - Google Patents
Method for the pilot opening of an exhaust gas valve of an engine with an electromechanical valve mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- EP1138884B1 EP1138884B1 EP01400292.7A EP01400292A EP1138884B1 EP 1138884 B1 EP1138884 B1 EP 1138884B1 EP 01400292 A EP01400292 A EP 01400292A EP 1138884 B1 EP1138884 B1 EP 1138884B1
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- Prior art keywords
- opening
- valve
- cylinder
- pilot
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
- F01L2800/06—Timing or lift different for valves of same cylinder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of controlling the opening of an exhaust valve for an electromechanically distributed motor.
- an electromechanical actuator to cause the opening and closing movements of the valves in an internal combustion engine, in order to achieve the admission and / or the escape of the combustion products into the cylinders of this engine , is a particularly well-suited technology, achieving significant gains in engine fuel consumption and performance, by further reducing pollution by flue gases released into the atmosphere.
- Such electromechanical actuators make it possible in particular to obtain a variable adjustment of the angles, that is to say the opening and closing times of each valve according to the conditions of use of the engine, in particular to optimize the energy efficiency. of it.
- this assembly comprises, associated with the valve stem, one or more electromagnetic windings defining an air gap whose distance is substantially equal to the stroke of the valve head, the rod being secured to a transverse plate of magnetic material, housed in the air gap, so that, depending on the current flowing through the winding or windings, this plate is attracted to one side or the other, so that the valve passes from its position d opening to that of its closure, the swash plate on either side of a position of intermediate equilibrium.
- valve is controlled by two electromagnets.
- valve stem is also associated with springs respectively working and simultaneously in compression and extension or vice versa as the case may be, in particular in the direction of movement of this valve stem, at the opening or closing, the effect of these springs in addition to that of the electromagnetic attraction force exerted on the transverse plate.
- FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c schematically illustrate a known device of this kind.
- the reference 1 designates a rod illustrated in a vertical position which comprises at its lower end a valve head 2 and at its opposite end a bearing surface 3 for a spring 4 mounted between this seat and a fixed stop 5.
- the rod 1 comprises on the side of the valve head 2 another bearing surface 6 for a second spring 7, mounted between this seat and a fixed guide 8 having a through bore 9 in which slides, in a movement of va-and -sili, the corresponding end of the rod 1.
- This rod is also equipped, between the bearing surfaces 3 and 6 of the springs 4 and 7, with a transverse plate 10 which, if the rod is vertical, extends horizontally, this plate being mounted in a gap 11 arranged between two electromagnets, respectively 12 and 13, each of these electromagnets comprising a yoke 14 of magnetic material and an electric winding 15, so that the passage of a current in the windings of the two electromagnets causes on the plate 10 an effect of attraction by one of these electromagnets and repulsion by the other, the valve head 2 thus oscillating between two positions where the plate is in contact with one or the other of the electromagnets.
- FIG. 1a illustrates the equilibrium position of the assembly thus envisaged, in which the plate 10 is substantially in the middle of the gap 11 between the two electromagnets 12 and 13; Figure 1b representing the position where this plate has moved to be in contact with the electromagnet 12 and the Figure 1c the one where, conversely, the plate is applied against the electromagnet 13.
- the mechanical work to be provided by the electromagnet to enable capture increases proportionally with the pressure of the gases.
- the only way to increase this work is to produce a greater effort for a longer time, which amounts to increasing the current in the winding of the electromagnet.
- This equipment has the disadvantage of increasing the cost price.
- the present invention relates to a method of controlling the opening of an exhaust valve using an electromechanical actuator of the type described above, which overcomes these disadvantages.
- the control method considered, for the opening of an exhaust valve permanently subjected to the effect of a thrust spring is characterized in that before proceeding to a full opening of the valve by drawing the tray to a final position corresponding to the opening of the valve, it opens this valve or another valve of the same cylinder under energizes the electromagnet (s) to bring and capture the valve in the full open position: although gas has begun to escape, the pressure remains relatively high, which causes the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the opening of the exhaust valve is first under the action of the only springs, then the electromagnet or electromagnets are supplied to bring and capture the valve in fully open position: although gas has begun to escape, the pressure remains relatively high, which causes the disadvantages mentioned above.
- a pilot opening is first made in the course of which the valve opens and closes under the action of the only springs, then an opening called “main opening” which unfolds practically like conventional openings, with this time capture of the valve in full open position.
- the valve does not reach its fully open position and is not captured in this position.
- the gases escaping for the duration of the pilot opening, then at the beginning of the main opening the residual pressure is much lower than in the prior art when feeding the electromagnet and the power consumption. energy is lower.
- the process according to the invention therefore requires, for its implementation, only a very small overall energy expenditure, the mechanical work absorbed by the gases in the cylinder being minimal and partly compensated by the fact that, when pilot opening, it does not power the electromagnet to capture the valve in the open position.
- the pilot opening of the exhaust valve is obtained exclusively by the spring of the actuator.
- the pilot opening and then the main opening are made on the same exhaust valve or these openings are made on two different valves of the same cylinder. If different valves are used, the pilot opening and the main opening can be carried out alternately, from one cycle to another, on the same exhaust valve in order to distribute the heat dissipation.
- valve it is not essential, according to another characteristic of the process of the invention, to capture this valve in the closed position between the two openings, but only to feed the winding for a fraction of time just necessary to maintain an oscillation of the valve, sufficient to achieve the main opening: it It is enough to give it speed, during its return movement, without necessarily reaching the closed position, but a position where, if the current is cut, the springs drive it again in the direction of the opening.
- the main opening can be made before or after the end of the pilot opening.
- the average energy dissipated in the corresponding actuator windings, required to control the valve making the main opening is half that corresponding to the solution using a single valve, permanently dedicated to this main opening.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de commande de l'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement pour un moteur à distribution électromécanique.The present invention relates to a method of controlling the opening of an exhaust valve for an electromechanically distributed motor.
La mise en oeuvre d'un actionneur électromécanique pour provoquer les mouvements d'ouverture et de fermeture des soupapes dans un moteur à combustion interne, afin de réaliser l'admission et/ou l'échappement des produits de combustion dans les cylindres de ce moteur, constitue une technologie particulièrement bien adaptée, permettant d'obtenir des gains significatifs en ce qui concerne la consommation en carburant du moteur et ses performances, en réduisant en outre la pollution par les gaz brûlés rejetés dans l'atmosphère.The use of an electromechanical actuator to cause the opening and closing movements of the valves in an internal combustion engine, in order to achieve the admission and / or the escape of the combustion products into the cylinders of this engine , is a particularly well-suited technology, achieving significant gains in engine fuel consumption and performance, by further reducing pollution by flue gases released into the atmosphere.
De tels actionneurs électromécaniques permettent en particulier d'obtenir un ajustement variable des angles, c'est-à-dire des instants d'ouverture et de fermeture de chaque soupape en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du moteur, notamment pour optimiser le rendement énergétique de celui-ci.Such electromechanical actuators make it possible in particular to obtain a variable adjustment of the angles, that is to say the opening and closing times of each valve according to the conditions of use of the engine, in particular to optimize the energy efficiency. of it.
Un tel actionneur est divulgué par le document
Il est également connu d'utiliser, de façon plus perfectionnée pour constituer un tel actionneur, un ensemble électromagnétique associé à chaque tige de soupape.It is also known to use, in a more sophisticated way to constitute such an actuator, a electromagnetic assembly associated with each valve stem.
De manière résumée à ses éléments essentiels, cet ensemble comporte, associés à la tige de soupape, un ou plusieurs enroulements électromagnétiques définissant un entrefer dont la distance est sensiblement égale à la course de la tête de la soupape, la tige étant solidaire d'un plateau transversal en matériau magnétique, logé dans l'entrefer, de sorte que, selon le courant qui traverse le ou les enroulements, ce plateau soit attiré d'un côté ou de l'autre, de sorte que la soupape passe de sa position d'ouverture à celle de sa fermeture, le plateau oscillant de part et d'autre d'une position d'équilibre intermédiaire.Summarily to its essential elements, this assembly comprises, associated with the valve stem, one or more electromagnetic windings defining an air gap whose distance is substantially equal to the stroke of the valve head, the rod being secured to a transverse plate of magnetic material, housed in the air gap, so that, depending on the current flowing through the winding or windings, this plate is attracted to one side or the other, so that the valve passes from its position d opening to that of its closure, the swash plate on either side of a position of intermediate equilibrium.
On notera que, le plus souvent, la soupape est commandée par deux électroaimants. Cependant, on connaît des systèmes permettant d'obtenir le même résultat avec un seul enroulement, grâce à une géométrie particulière de l'armature de l'électroaimant correspondant.It will be noted that, most often, the valve is controlled by two electromagnets. However, there are known systems for obtaining the same result with a single winding, thanks to a particular geometry of the armature of the corresponding electromagnet.
La tige de soupape est également associée à des ressorts travaillant respectivement et simultanément en compression et en extension ou vice versa selon le cas, en particulier selon le sens de déplacement de cette tige de soupape, à l'ouverture ou à la fermeture, l'effet de ces ressorts s'ajoutant à celui de la force d'attraction électromagnétique exercée sur le plateau transversal.The valve stem is also associated with springs respectively working and simultaneously in compression and extension or vice versa as the case may be, in particular in the direction of movement of this valve stem, at the opening or closing, the effect of these springs in addition to that of the electromagnetic attraction force exerted on the transverse plate.
En jouant sur l'intensité du courant dans le ou les enroulements, on peut ainsi, de manière simple, ajuster la vitesse de la tige de soupape dans sa course et la faire varier en fonction des besoins.By adjusting the intensity of the current in the winding or windings, it is thus possible, in a simple manner, to adjust the speed of the valve stem in its stroke and to vary it as needed.
Les Figures la, 1b et 1c illustrent schématiquement un dispositif connu de ce genre.Figures 1a, 1b and 1c schematically illustrate a known device of this kind.
Sur ces figures, qui représentent en élévation le dispositif de commande précité, la référence 1 désigne une tige illustrée en position verticale qui comporte à son extrémité inférieure une tête de soupape 2 et à son extrémité opposée une portée d'appui 3 pour un ressort 4, monté entre cette portée et une butée fixe 5.In these figures, which show in elevation the aforementioned control device, the reference 1 designates a rod illustrated in a vertical position which comprises at its lower end a valve head 2 and at its opposite end a
La tige 1 comporte du côté de la tête de soupape 2 une autre portée d'appui 6 pour un second ressort 7, monté entre cette portée et un guide fixe 8 présentant un alésage traversant 9 dans lequel coulisse, selon un mouvement de va-et-vient, l'extrémité correspondante de la tige 1.The rod 1 comprises on the side of the valve head 2 another bearing surface 6 for a
Cette tige est par ailleurs équipée, entre les portées d'appui 3 et 6 des ressorts 4 et 7, d'un plateau transversal 10 qui, si la tige est verticale, s'étend horizontalement, ce plateau étant monté dans un entrefer 11 ménagé entre deux électroaimants, respectivement 12 et 13, chacun de ces électroaimants comportant une culasse 14 en matériau magnétique et un enroulement électrique 15, de sorte que le passage d'un courant dans les enroulements des deux électroaimants provoque sur le plateau 10 un effet d'attraction par l'un de ces électroaimants et de répulsion par l'autre, la tête de soupape 2 oscillant ainsi entre deux positions où le plateau est au contact de l'un ou de l'autre des électroaimants.This rod is also equipped, between the
La Figure la illustre la position d'équilibre de l'ensemble ainsi envisagé, dans laquelle le plateau 10 est sensiblement au milieu de l'entrefer 11 entre les deux électroaimants 12 et 13, la
Au cours des déplacements du plateau 10, de part et d'autre de sa position d'équilibre intermédiaire, les ressorts 4 et 7 se sont respectivement contractés ou étirés, ou inversement, les deux positions atteintes par la tête de soupape, représentées sur les
Le fonctionnement d'un tel ensemble actionneur est relativement simple, les moyens nécessaires pour faire osciller le plateau 10 porté par la tige 1 de part et d'autre de sa position d'équilibre ne présentant pas de difficultés majeures pour être réalisés industriellement.The operation of such an actuator assembly is relatively simple, the means necessary to oscillate the
D'autres perfectionnements à ce dispositif connu ont été par ailleurs décrits et revendiqués dans la demande de brevet français n°
Mais si ces réalisations d'un actionneur électromécanique sont satisfaisantes pour atteindre le but plus spécialement visé lorsqu'il s'agit d'une soupape d'admission, en particulier pour obtenir le maintien de cette soupape dans ses positions extrêmes, ouverte ou fermée, grâce à la fourniture à l'électroaimant de l'énergie nécessaire pour assurer la compensation des frottements du mécanisme, elles se heurtent à un inconvénient lorsqu'il s'agit de commander une soupape d'échappement.But if these achievements of an electromechanical actuator are satisfactory to achieve the purpose more specifically referred to when it is an intake valve, in particular to obtain the maintenance of this valve in its extreme positions, open or closed, by providing the electromagnet with the energy necessary to compensate for the friction of the mechanism, they come up against a disadvantage when it comes to controlling an exhaust valve.
En effet, pour ouvrir celle-ci, il est nécessaire de lutter contre la pression des gaz brûlés dans le cylindre, qui produisent un effort sur la soupape et la ralentissent de manière d'autant plus importante que cette pression est plus élevée, donc que le couple délivré par le moteur est plus important.Indeed, to open it, it is necessary to fight against the pressure of the burnt gases in the cylinder, which produce a force on the valve and slow down so much more important that this pressure is higher, so that the torque delivered by the motor is more important.
Il en résulte que le travail mécanique à fournir par l'électroaimant pour permettre la capture, c'est-à-dire l'immobilisation en position extrême ouverte de la tête de la soupape, augmente proportionnellement à la pression des gaz. Or, le seul moyen d'augmenter ce travail est de produire un effort plus important pendant un temps plus long, ce qui revient à accroître le courant dans l'enroulement de l'électroaimant.As a result, the mechanical work to be provided by the electromagnet to enable capture, that is to say the immobilization in the open end position of the valve head, increases proportionally with the pressure of the gases. However, the only way to increase this work is to produce a greater effort for a longer time, which amounts to increasing the current in the winding of the electromagnet.
Il en résulte également que la puissance consommée par cet enroulement augmente rapidement avec la pression des gaz dans le cylindre du moteur, ce qui a des conséquences immédiates sur l'importance des moyens à mettre en oeuvre pour assurer le refroidissement de cet enroulement et conduit à une consommation électrique plus élevée et à un coût de fabrication également plus important.It also results that the power consumed by this winding increases rapidly with the pressure of the gases in the cylinder of the engine, which has immediate consequences on the importance of the means to implement to ensure the cooling of this winding and leads to higher power consumption and a higher manufacturing cost.
Enfin, on peut souligner que le travail mécanique que l'actionneur est susceptible de fournir n'est pas illimité, ce qui restreint en partie le domaine de fonctionnement du moteur.Finally, it can be emphasized that the mechanical work that the actuator is capable of providing is not unlimited, which partially restricts the operating range of the motor.
Diverses solutions ont déjà été proposées pour atténuer les inconvénients ainsi exposés, ces solutions visant à augmenter la taille de l'actionneur, avec comme corollaire un accroissement du refroidissement nécessaire, ou inversement, à diminuer la dimension des soupapes d'échappement pour réduire les efforts dûs à la pression du gaz, ce qui s'effectue au détriment des performances du moteur.Various solutions have already been proposed to mitigate the disadvantages thus exposed, these solutions to increase the size of the actuator, with the corollary increase in the necessary cooling, or conversely, to reduce the size of the exhaust valves to reduce the forces due to the pressure of the gas, which is done at the expense of engine performance.
Il est ainsi connu du
Il est aussi connu de
Ces équipements ont pour inconvénient d'augmenter le prix de revient.This equipment has the disadvantage of increasing the cost price.
On peut également créer une dissymétrie dans la répartition et la forme des soupapes d'échappement afin de pouvoir ouvrir plus facilement une petite soupape, puis une soupape plus importante pour conserver la section efficace de passage des gaz. Toutefois, cette solution amène à modifier la forme de la chambre de combustion et à accroître la masse des pistons pour pouvoir y ménager les embrèvements nécessaires, ce qui là encore augmente le prix de revient.It is also possible to create an asymmetry in the distribution and the shape of the exhaust valves in order to be able to open more easily a small valve, then a larger valve to keep the cross section of passage of gases. However, this solution leads to change the shape of the combustion chamber and to increase the mass of the pistons to be able to provide the necessary recesses, which again increases the cost.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de commande d'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement à l'aide d'un actionneur électromécanique du genre décrit ci-dessus, qui pallie ces inconvénients.The present invention relates to a method of controlling the opening of an exhaust valve using an electromechanical actuator of the type described above, which overcomes these disadvantages.
Selon l'invention, le procédé de commande considéré, pour l'ouverture d'une soupape d'échappement soumise en permanence à l'effet d'un ressort de poussée, se caractérise en ce qu'avant de procéder à une ouverture complète de la soupape en attirant le plateau dans une position finale correspondant à l'ouverture de la soupape, on ouvre cette soupape ou une autre soupape du même cylindre sous alimente le ou les électroaimants pour amener et capturer la soupape en position de pleine ouverture : bien que du gaz ait commencé à s'échapper, la pression reste relativement élevée, ce qui provoque les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.
l'action des seuls ressorts, pendant une phase dite pilote pendant laquelle on réalise ainsi une phase de décompression du gaz dans le cylindreAccording to the invention, the control method considered, for the opening of an exhaust valve permanently subjected to the effect of a thrust spring, is characterized in that before proceeding to a full opening of the valve by drawing the tray to a final position corresponding to the opening of the valve, it opens this valve or another valve of the same cylinder under energizes the electromagnet (s) to bring and capture the valve in the full open position: although gas has begun to escape, the pressure remains relatively high, which causes the disadvantages mentioned above.
the action of the only springs during a so-called pilot phase during which a phase of decompression of the gas in the cylinder is thus carried out
Selon l'art antérieur, l'ouverture de la soupape d'échappement se fait d'abord sous l'action des seuls ressorts, puis on alimente le ou les électroaimants pour amener et capturer la soupape en position de pleine ouverture : bien que du gaz ait commencé à s'échapper, la pression reste relativement élevée, ce qui provoque les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.According to the prior art, the opening of the exhaust valve is first under the action of the only springs, then the electromagnet or electromagnets are supplied to bring and capture the valve in fully open position: although gas has begun to escape, the pressure remains relatively high, which causes the disadvantages mentioned above.
Selon l'invention, on réalise d'abord une ouverture pilote au cours de laquelle la soupape s'ouvre et se ferme sous l'action des seuls ressorts, puis une ouverture dite "ouverture principale" qui se déroule pratiquement comme les ouvertures classiques, avec cette fois capture de la soupape en position de pleine ouverture.According to the invention, a pilot opening is first made in the course of which the valve opens and closes under the action of the only springs, then an opening called "main opening" which unfolds practically like conventional openings, with this time capture of the valve in full open position.
Ainsi, lors de l'ouverture pilote, la soupape n'atteint pas sa position de pleine ouverture et n'est pas capturée dans cette position. Cependant, les gaz s'échappant pendant toute la durée de l'ouverture pilote, puis au début de l'ouverture principale, la pression résiduelle est beaucoup plus faible que dans l'art antérieur lorsqu'on alimente l'électroaimant et la consommation d'énergie est plus faible.Thus, during the pilot opening, the valve does not reach its fully open position and is not captured in this position. However, the gases escaping for the duration of the pilot opening, then at the beginning of the main opening, the residual pressure is much lower than in the prior art when feeding the electromagnet and the power consumption. energy is lower.
Le procédé selon l'invention n'exige donc pour sa mise en oeuvre qu'une très faible dépense d'énergie globale, le travail mécanique absorbé par les gaz dans le cylindre étant minimal et en partie compensé par le fait que, lors de l'ouverture pilote, on n'alimente pas l'électroaimant pour capturer la soupape en position ouverte.The process according to the invention therefore requires, for its implementation, only a very small overall energy expenditure, the mechanical work absorbed by the gases in the cylinder being minimal and partly compensated by the fact that, when pilot opening, it does not power the electromagnet to capture the valve in the open position.
Il n'est donc plus nécessaire de surdimensionner l'actionneur ou d'accroître l'intensité du courant dans l'enroulement, du fait de la réduction de l'effort résistant dû aux gaz, en raison de la décompression créée dans le cylindre.It is therefore no longer necessary to oversize the actuator or increase the intensity of the current in the winding, due to the reduction of the resistance force due to the gases, due to the decompression created in the cylinder.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'ouverture pilote de la soupape d'échappement est obtenue exclusivement par le ressort de l'actionneur.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pilot opening of the exhaust valve is obtained exclusively by the spring of the actuator.
Selon diverses variantes, l'ouverture pilote puis l'ouverture principale sont réalisées sur la même soupape d'échappement ou bien ces ouvertures sont effectuées sur deux soupapes différentes du même cylindre. Si des soupapes différentes sont utilisées, l'ouverture pilote et l'ouverture principale peuvent être réalisées alternativement, d'un cycle sur l'autre, sur une même soupape d'échappement afin de répartir la dissipation thermique.According to various variants, the pilot opening and then the main opening are made on the same exhaust valve or these openings are made on two different valves of the same cylinder. If different valves are used, the pilot opening and the main opening can be carried out alternately, from one cycle to another, on the same exhaust valve in order to distribute the heat dissipation.
Si la même soupape est utilisée pour réaliser l'ouverture pilote et l'ouverture principale, il n'est pas indispensable, selon une autre caractéristique du procédé de l'invention, de capturer cette soupape en position de fermeture entre les deux ouvertures, mais seulement d'alimenter l'enroulement pendant une fraction de temps juste nécessaire pour entretenir une oscillation de la soupape, suffisante pour réaliser l'ouverture principale : il suffit de lui redonner de la vitesse, au cours de son mouvement de retour, sans atteindre nécessairement la position de fermeture, mais une position où, si on coupe le courant, les ressorts l'entraînent à nouveau dans le sens de l'ouverture.If the same valve is used to realize the pilot opening and the main opening, it is not essential, according to another characteristic of the process of the invention, to capture this valve in the closed position between the two openings, but only to feed the winding for a fraction of time just necessary to maintain an oscillation of the valve, sufficient to achieve the main opening: it It is enough to give it speed, during its return movement, without necessarily reaching the closed position, but a position where, if the current is cut, the springs drive it again in the direction of the opening.
Dans le cas où deux soupapes différentes sont utilisées, l'ouverture principale peut être réalisée avant ou après la fin de l'ouverture pilote.In the case where two different valves are used, the main opening can be made before or after the end of the pilot opening.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de l'exemple de mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention, schématisé par le diagramme illustré sur la
On voit ainsi que lors de l'ouverture pilote, schématisée par la courbe (a), la pression des gaz dans le cylindre, représentée par la courbe (b), chute rapidement, permettant de réaliser dans les conditions mentionnées plus haut l'ouverture principale de la même ou d'une soupape différente, cette ouverture principale correspondant à la courbe (c).It can thus be seen that during the pilot opening, shown schematically by curve (a), the pressure of the gases in the cylinder, represented by curve (b), drops rapidly, making it possible to achieve, under the conditions mentioned above, the opening of the same or a different valve, this main opening corresponding to the curve (c).
Bien entendu, ce diagramme ne correspond qu'à un mode de réalisation particulier et se différencie nécessairement d'une variante à l'autre, le recoupement ces courbes (a) et (c) pouvant être différent.Of course, this diagram corresponds only to a particular embodiment and is necessarily different from one variant to another, the overlapping curves (a) and (c) may be different.
Dans le cas où le moteur comporte plusieurs soupapes d'échappement pour chaque cylindre, lorsque ces soupapes réalisent alternativement l'ouverture pilote et l'ouverture principale, l'énergie moyenne dissipée dans les enroulements des actionneurs correspondants, nécessaire à la commande de la soupape réalisant l'ouverture principale, est moitié de celle qui correspond à la solution utilisant une soupape unique, en permanence dédiée à cette ouverture principale.In the case where the engine comprises several exhaust valves for each cylinder, when these valves alternately make the pilot opening and the main opening, the average energy dissipated in the corresponding actuator windings, required to control the valve making the main opening, is half that corresponding to the solution using a single valve, permanently dedicated to this main opening.
Dans tous les cas, l'énergie nécessaire est notablement plus faible que dans la solution classique, ce qui réduit l'effort à vaincre du fait des gaz d'échappement, restreint considérablement la consommation électrique nécessaire et l'échauffement des actionneurs, ces trois facteurs permettant de limiter l'encombrement, le poids et le coût du mécanisme, en simplifiant en outre son implantation dans la culasse.In all cases, the energy required is significantly lower than in the conventional solution, which reduces the effort to be overcome because of the exhaust gas, considerably reduces the power consumption required and the heating of the actuators, these three factors to limit the size, weight and cost of the mechanism, further simplifying its implementation in the cylinder head.
Claims (8)
- A method for controlling the complete opening of an exhaust valve of the combustion gas of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, this cylinder comprising one or several exhaust valves, the opening of each valve being controlled by means of an electromechanical actuator comprising a control rod (1) carrying a transverse plate (10) moving in an air gap (11) delimited by two electromagnets (12, 13) alternately attracting the plate in combination with a force created by torque springs (4, 7) acting on the rod, the plate moving in an oscillating manner from an intermediate balanced position, during which it is subjected solely to the forces of the torque springs, and two final positions in which the valve is in closed or open position, and in which the plate comes in contact with an electromagnet, characterized in that before proceeding to said complete opening of said valve by attracting the plate in a final position corresponding to the opening of the valve, an exhaust valve of this cylinder is opened under the action of solely the forces of the springs, in a phase designated as pilot opening, during which a decompression phase of the gas in the cylinder is thus carried out.
- The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the open valve during the pilot opening phase does not reach its final position of full opening.
- The method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the pilot opening then the principal opening are carried out on the same exhaust valve.
- The method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, the cylinder comprising several exhaust valves, characterized in that the pilot opening then the principal opening are carried out on two different valves of the same cylinder.
- The method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the winding of the electromagnet is energized during a fraction of time just necessary to maintain an oscillation of the valve, sufficient to carry out the principal opening.
- The method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the principal opening is carried out before the end of the pilot opening.
- The method according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the principal opening is carried out after the end of the pilot opening.
- An implementation of the method according to any one of the preceding claims at the control of two exhaust valves of a cylinder of an engine, in which the valves realize alternately, from one cycle to the other, the pilot opening and the principal opening.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0001492 | 2000-02-07 | ||
| FR0001492A FR2804716B1 (en) | 2000-02-07 | 2000-02-07 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE OPENING OF AN EXHAUST VALVE FOR AN ELECTROMECHANICAL VALVE ENGINE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1138884A1 EP1138884A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP1138884B1 true EP1138884B1 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
Family
ID=8846720
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01400292.7A Expired - Lifetime EP1138884B1 (en) | 2000-02-07 | 2001-02-06 | Method for the pilot opening of an exhaust gas valve of an engine with an electromechanical valve mechanism |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1138884B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2804716B1 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0810350A1 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1997-12-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of detecting fault in electromagnetically-actuated intake or exhaust valve |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3403242A1 (en) * | 1984-01-31 | 1985-08-01 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Cam drive with a roller tappet |
| JP2709742B2 (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1998-02-04 | 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 | Electromagnetic valve drive |
| FR2665926B1 (en) * | 1990-08-17 | 1994-07-01 | Renault | OPERATING DEVICE FOR A VALVE, PARTICULARLY IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. |
| US5765513A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-06-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Electromechanically actuated valve |
| DE19733140A1 (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-04 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Operating method for electromagnetic actuator on piston engine |
| DE19810609A1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-16 | Lsp Innovative Automotive Sys | Electromagnetic positioning device for actuating a valve in an internal combustion engine |
-
2000
- 2000-02-07 FR FR0001492A patent/FR2804716B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-06 EP EP01400292.7A patent/EP1138884B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0810350A1 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1997-12-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of detecting fault in electromagnetically-actuated intake or exhaust valve |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2804716B1 (en) | 2002-05-10 |
| FR2804716A1 (en) | 2001-08-10 |
| EP1138884A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
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