EP1138878A2 - Flat freestanding gas turbine element - Google Patents

Flat freestanding gas turbine element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1138878A2
EP1138878A2 EP01108008A EP01108008A EP1138878A2 EP 1138878 A2 EP1138878 A2 EP 1138878A2 EP 01108008 A EP01108008 A EP 01108008A EP 01108008 A EP01108008 A EP 01108008A EP 1138878 A2 EP1138878 A2 EP 1138878A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plenum
component section
cooling
section according
hot gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01108008A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1138878B1 (en
EP1138878A3 (en
Inventor
Alexander Dr. Beeck
Christoph Nagler
Mark Richter
Klaus Semmler
Lothar Schneider
Joerg Dr. Stengele
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Alstom Power NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG, Alstom Power NV filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1138878A2 publication Critical patent/EP1138878A2/en
Publication of EP1138878A3 publication Critical patent/EP1138878A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1138878B1 publication Critical patent/EP1138878B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/103Multipart cores
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12Cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/18Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
    • F01D5/187Convection cooling
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/80Platforms for stationary or moving blades
    • F05D2240/81Cooled platforms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/20Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/201Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by impingement of a fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00Function
    • F05D2260/20Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/202Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by film cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate-shaped, projecting component section of a Gas turbine or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such component sections can often be found where constructive Overhanging areas on main components, such as on Buckets, fasteners are provided or sealing elements, too between two neighboring components. Problematic are such overhanging component sections especially in thermally highly stressed Areas where hot gas is applied to the surface. It is often essential to provide cooling there.
  • EP 0 911 486 A2 describes a cooled one Known blade of a gas turbine, in which overhanging areas in the form of plate-shaped, cantilevered component sections are formed in the axial direction are attached in front of and behind the blade root to cover the hub area with the adjacent blade root areas of rotor blades to ensure.
  • To cool this plate-shaped, cantilevered Component sections are provided cooling bores that are purely convective from cooling air be flowed through.
  • the cooling holes run for example in the front overhanging component section in the circumferential direction and are from the main cooling air supply fed. Due to the high thermal load in this Area there are additional turbulence generators in the cooling holes, to improve heat transfer.
  • the rear, overhanging component section has a plurality of axially extending Cooling holes, which are also fed by the main cooling air supply.
  • the cooling bores open axially at the end of the component section, so that the cooling medium escapes into the hot gas stream after flowing through the cooling channels.
  • the invention tries to avoid the disadvantages described. You are the Task based on a plate-shaped, projecting component section of a Specify gas turbine or the like of the type mentioned, the one allows more effective cooling of the surface exposed to hot gas and thus has an increased service life with a reduced cooling air requirement.
  • a plenum is provided, which is assigned exclusively to the component section, so that enables optimal cooling of the surface exposed to hot gas becomes.
  • the plenum is immediately adjacent to the surface to be cooled arranged and is flowed through by the cooling medium convectively.
  • the cooling bores are designed as blow-out openings which emanate from the plenum and open on the surface exposed to hot gas. So it is possible, a highly effective film cooling on the hot gas Realize surface, while the coolant consumption is kept extremely low can be. The reason is that the cooling air is initially convective flows through the cooling area and then by blowing out train highly effective cooling film.
  • a number of preferred versions are based on the simple and inexpensive Realization of this cooling concept directed.
  • the choice of the optimal shaping process for the plenary mainly depends on the manufacturing process from the actual component on which the plate-shaped, projecting section is to be provided. Other important aspects are those to be realized Geometry, as well as the manufacturing specifications.
  • a multi-part core is used to create the desired geometry of the plenary. If necessary, side openings for Positioning of the core will be required afterwards, ie afterwards can be concluded from the shaping process.
  • the plenum through a recess in the component section to form, for example opposite to the one to be cooled Surface is open and therefore by a cover to be retrofitted can be locked.
  • the advantage of this variant lies in the possibility of making the geometry of the plenary largely revealing.
  • the cover can be attached using cost-effective connection methods, such as soldering or welding.
  • both the plenum and the blow-out openings using the EDM process.
  • the shape, size and arrangement of the blow-out openings in particular can be freely selected and implemented with the highest precision.
  • the plenum as such can also be implemented exactly with this procedure. Lateral outlet openings, as required for the production of the plenum, can remain completely or partially open as additional outlet openings, depending on the design of the cooling concept. Otherwise, they are closed after the molding process.
  • the plenum is preferably connected via feed channels to a main plenum, which supplies the blade with cooling air. In this way, no direct connection to the cooling medium supply is required, which means that the design effort can be reduced.
  • cooling concept described above is suitable for use with it is preferred that any thermally highly stressed components can be realized used on overhangs of turbine blades.
  • thermal loads particularly high on the other hand is in the immediate vicinity of the overhang mostly provided for a coolant supply anyway, whereby the cooling concept according to the invention is particularly easy to implement leaves.
  • the concept according to the invention is based on a plate-shaped, cantilevered Component section explained in the form of an overhang 1, which is a component a platform 3 carrying a turbine blade 4 is formed.
  • a surface 2 is thermally highly stressed, namely by one not shown here Hot gas jet.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are on the overhang 1 four essentially parallel and spaced apart Pleni 10 available, which consistently enforce the overhang 1. You run immediately adjacent to the surface 2 and cool it in this area through a cooling medium, which is not shown in more detail and is passed through convectively. Blow-out openings 12 are also present, preferably in rows and arranged in association with the Pleni 10. They are based on Pleni 10 and open on the surface 2. In this way, the cooling medium from the Pleni 10 blown out through the blow-out openings 12 such that a coherent Forms cooling film. The surface 2 is thus optimally cooled.
  • the plenums 10 can be operated using EDM tools 19 are formed, drill the through holes in the overhang 1. This creates a connection to a main plenum 5 below the platform 3 manufactured, whereby the pleni 10 are fed with cooling air from this area.
  • the plenums 10 can open on the side on the overhang 1, as shown in Fig. 1. In this case, cooling air is also discharged from the side blown out the overhang 1. However, it is equally possible to use Pleni 10 in to partially or completely close this area.
  • the cross-section of the individual plenums 10 can vary to match the local one To achieve a coordinated cooling effect when exposed to heat. This also applies to their number and distribution of their arrangement along the overhang 1. The same applies analogously for the cooling bores or blow-out openings 12, which for training of the cooling film are responsible.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plenum 30, the overhang 1 largely complete with regard to its longitudinal and transverse extension interspersed throughout. This enables a largely ideally evened out convective cooling of the surface 2 and also offers the possibility of the film cooling air bores (not shown here in detail) are distributed as desired to arrange.
  • the plenum 30 is again supplied by the main plenum 5. For this there are feed channels 6 provided that the connection between the main plenum 5 and the Establish plenum 30.
  • the plenum 30 and the feed channels 6 are in this case directly during the Casting process formed.
  • a core 39 shown in FIG. 4 is used for this purpose, which specifies the shape of the plenum 30.
  • FIG. 5 shows a recess 50 cast in the overhang 1, from which the cooling bores 52 depart.
  • the actual plenum is then formed when the recess 50 is closed by a cover, not shown here becomes.
  • the cover can consist of a simple plate that is on the overhang 1 is placed and soldered or welded there. So you can even complicated geometries due to a corresponding design of the recess 50 are implemented. Such geometries can, for example, on the Surface 2 arranged pins, ribs or turbulence generators (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The panel-shaped projecting component has a surface charged by hot gas, and bores for a coolant. At least one plenum chamber (30) is located next to the surface (2) charged by the hot gas, and the coolant passes through it in a convective flow. The coolant bores are formed as blow-out aperture, which extend from the plenum chamber and open into the hot gas-charged surface, thereby generating a coolant film. Plenum chambers and/or blow-out apertures are formed by an EDM process.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft einen plattenförmigen, auskragenden Bauteilabschnitt einer Gasturbine oder dergleichen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plate-shaped, projecting component section of a Gas turbine or the like according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Derartige Bauteilabschnitte sind häufig dort anzutreffen, wo aus konstruktiven Gründen überhängende Bereiche an Hauptbauteilen, wie beispielsweise an Schaufeln, Befestigungselemente vorzusehen sind oder Dichtungselemente, auch zwischen zwei benachbarten Bauteilen, angebracht werden müssen. Problematisch sind derartige überhängende Bauteilabschnitte speziell in thermisch hochbelasteten Bereichen, in denen die Oberfläche mit Heißgas beaufschlagt wird. Dort ist es vielfach unerlässlich, eine Kühlung vorzusehen.Such component sections can often be found where constructive Overhanging areas on main components, such as on Buckets, fasteners are provided or sealing elements, too between two neighboring components. Problematic are such overhanging component sections especially in thermally highly stressed Areas where hot gas is applied to the surface. It is often essential to provide cooling there.

Aus der EP 0 911 486 A2, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, ist eine gekühlte Schaufel einer Gasturbine bekannt, bei der überhängende Bereiche in Form plattenförmiger, auskragender Bauteilabschnitte gebildet sind, die in axialer Richtung vor und hinter dem Schaufelfuß angebracht sind, um im Nabenbereich eine Überdeckung mit den benachbart angeordneten Schaufelfußbereichen von Rotorschaufeln zu gewährleisten. Zur Kühlung dieser plattenförmigen, auskragenden Bauteilabschnitte sind Kühlbohrungen vorgesehen, die von Kühlluft rein konvektiv durchströmt werden. Die Kühlbohrungen verlaufen beispielsweise im vorderen überhängenden Bauteilabschnitt in Umfangsrichtung und werden von der Haupt-Kühlluftversorgung gespeist. Aufgrund der hohen thermischen Belastung in diesem Bereich sind in den Kühlbohrungen zusätzlich Turbulenzerzeuger vorhanden, um den Wärmeübergang zu verbessern.EP 0 911 486 A2, from which the invention is based, describes a cooled one Known blade of a gas turbine, in which overhanging areas in the form of plate-shaped, cantilevered component sections are formed in the axial direction are attached in front of and behind the blade root to cover the hub area with the adjacent blade root areas of rotor blades to ensure. To cool this plate-shaped, cantilevered Component sections are provided cooling bores that are purely convective from cooling air be flowed through. The cooling holes run for example in the front overhanging component section in the circumferential direction and are from the main cooling air supply fed. Due to the high thermal load in this Area there are additional turbulence generators in the cooling holes, to improve heat transfer.

Der hintere, überhängende Bauteilabschnitt weist eine Vielzahl axial verlaufender Kühlbohrungen auf, die ebenfalls von der Haupt-Kühlluftversorgung gespeist werden. Die Kühlbohrungen münden axial am Ende des Bauteilabschnittes, so dass das Kühlmedium nach Durchströmen der Kühlkanäle in den Heißgasstrom austritt. The rear, overhanging component section has a plurality of axially extending Cooling holes, which are also fed by the main cooling air supply. The cooling bores open axially at the end of the component section, so that the cooling medium escapes into the hot gas stream after flowing through the cooling channels.

Beiden Bauteilabschnitten ist gemeinsam, dass die vom Heißgas beaufschlagte Oberfläche rein konvektiv gekühlt wird. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass sehr viel Kühlluft aufgewendet werden muss, um die erforderliche Kühlwirkung zu erzielen. Dies hat eine Verschlechterung des Gesamtwirkungsgrades zur Folge oder macht den Einsatz teurer hochtemperaturbeständiger Materialien erforderlich.Both component sections have in common that the one affected by the hot gas Surface is cooled purely by convection. The disadvantage here is that a lot of cooling air must be used to achieve the required cooling effect. This results in or worsens overall efficiency Use of expensive high temperature resistant materials required.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Erfindung versucht, die beschriebenen Nachteile zu vermeiden. Ihr liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen plattenförmigen, auskragenden Bauteilabschnitt einer Gasturbine oder dergleichen der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der eine effektivere Kühlung der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche ermöglicht und somit eine erhöhte Lebensdauer bei gleichzeitig verringertem Kühlluftbedarf aufweist.The invention tries to avoid the disadvantages described. You are the Task based on a plate-shaped, projecting component section of a Specify gas turbine or the like of the type mentioned, the one allows more effective cooling of the surface exposed to hot gas and thus has an increased service life with a reduced cooling air requirement.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass bei einem plattenförmigen, auskragenden Bauteilabschnitt gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ein Plenum vorgesehen ist, das ausschließlich dem Bauteilabschnitt zugeordnet ist, so dass eine optimale Kühlung der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche ermöglicht wird. Das Plenum ist unmittelbar benachbart zu der zu kühlenden Oberfläche angeordnet und wird von dem Kühlmedium konvektiv durchströmt. Weiterhin sind die Kühlbohrungen als Ausblasöffnungen ausgebildet, die von dem Plenum ausgehen und an der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche münden. Somit ist es möglich, eine höchst effektive Filmkühlung an der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche zu realisieren, wobei der Kühlmittelverbrauch äußerst gering gehalten werden kann. Der Grund liegt darin, dass die Kühlluft zunächst konvektiv den zu kühlenden Bereich durchströmt, um anschließend durch Ausblasung einen hocheffektiven Kühlfilm auszubilden.This is achieved according to the invention in that, in the case of a plate-shaped, projecting component section according to the preamble of claim 1 a plenum is provided, which is assigned exclusively to the component section, so that enables optimal cooling of the surface exposed to hot gas becomes. The plenum is immediately adjacent to the surface to be cooled arranged and is flowed through by the cooling medium convectively. Furthermore are the cooling bores are designed as blow-out openings which emanate from the plenum and open on the surface exposed to hot gas. So it is possible, a highly effective film cooling on the hot gas Realize surface, while the coolant consumption is kept extremely low can be. The reason is that the cooling air is initially convective flows through the cooling area and then by blowing out train highly effective cooling film.

Obwohl grundsätzlich weitgehende Gestaltungsfreiheit hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung des Plenums besteht, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn ein einziges, durchgehendes Plenum vorgesehen ist, das den Bauteilabschnitt weitgehend vollständig durchsetzt. Auf diese Weise wird die von Heißgas beaufschlagte Oberfläche gleichmäßig und ohne örtliche Unterbrechung durch beispielsweise Zwischenwände gekühlt, wodurch eine bislang unerreicht effektive Kühlwirkung realisierbar ist.Although basically extensive freedom of design with regard to the design of the plenary, it has proven to be advantageous if a single, continuous plenum is provided which largely completely the component section enforced. In this way, the surface exposed to hot gas evenly and without local interruption by, for example, partitions cooled, making it possible to achieve an unprecedented effective cooling effect is.

Eine Reihe bevorzugter Ausführungsvarianten ist auf die einfache und kostengünstige Realisierung dieses Kühlkonzepts gerichtet. Die Wahl des optimalen Formgebungsprozesses für das Plenum hängt in der Hauptsache vom Herstellverfahren des eigentlichen Bauteils ab, an dem der plattenförmige, auskragende Abschnitt vorzusehen ist. Weitere wichtige Gesichtspunkte sind die zu realisierende Geometrie, sowie die fertigungstechnischen Vorgaben.A number of preferred versions are based on the simple and inexpensive Realization of this cooling concept directed. The choice of the optimal shaping process for the plenary mainly depends on the manufacturing process from the actual component on which the plate-shaped, projecting section is to be provided. Other important aspects are those to be realized Geometry, as well as the manufacturing specifications.

Im Falle der häufig anzutreffenden Überhänge an Turbinenschaufeln bietet es sich an, das Plenum unmittelbar bei der Formgebung im Gießverfahren mitzuformen. Dies ist in der Regel ohne großen Zusatzaufwand möglich, wobei nach dem Entformen das Plenum unmittelbar und ohne Notwendigkeit einer Nachbearbeitung gebildet ist.In the case of the frequently encountered overhangs on turbine blades, it offers began to shape the plenum directly during the molding process. This is usually possible without much additional effort, whereby after Demould the plenum immediately and without the need for post-processing is formed.

In der Regel wird ein mehrteiliger Kern verwendet, um die gewünschte Geometrie des Plenums zu realisieren. Gegebenenfalls können seitliche Durchbrüche zur Positionierung des Kerns erforderlich werden, die nachträglich, das heißt im Anschluss an das Formgebungsverfahren geschlossen werden können.Usually a multi-part core is used to create the desired geometry of the plenary. If necessary, side openings for Positioning of the core will be required afterwards, ie afterwards can be concluded from the shaping process.

Alternativ hierzu ist es auch möglich, das Plenum durch eine Vertiefung im Bauteilabschnitt zu bilden, die beispielsweise gegenüberliegend zu der zu kühlenden Oberfläche hin offen ist und deshalb durch eine nachträglich anzubringende Abdeckung verschlossen werden kann. Auf diese Weise entfällt die Notwendigkeit, einen Kern zur Bildung des Plenums vorzusehen. Der Vorteil dieser Variante liegt in der Möglichkeit, die Geometrie des Plenums weitgehend freizügig zu gestalten.As an alternative to this, it is also possible to pass the plenum through a recess in the component section to form, for example opposite to the one to be cooled Surface is open and therefore by a cover to be retrofitted can be locked. This eliminates the need to to provide a core for the formation of the plenum. The advantage of this variant lies in the possibility of making the geometry of the plenary largely revealing.

Die Anbringung der Abdeckung kann durch kostengünstige Verbindungsverfahren, wie beispielsweise Löten oder Schweißen, erfolgen.The cover can be attached using cost-effective connection methods, such as soldering or welding.

Schließlich ist es auch möglich, sowohl das Plenum als auch die Ausblasöffnungen mittels EDM-Verfahren herzustellen. Mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens lassen sich insbesondere Form, Größe und Anordnung der Ausblasöffnungen frei wählen und mit höchster Präzision umsetzen. Auch kann das Plenum als solches mit diesem Verfahren exakt umgesetzt werden. Seitliche Austrittsöffnungen, wie sie zu Herstellung des Plenums erforderlich sind, können je nach Auslegung der Kühlkonzeption als zusätzliche Ausblasöffnungen vollständig oder teilweise offen bleiben. Ansonsten werden sie nach dem Formgebungsvorgang geschlossen.
Bevorzugt ist das Plenum über Speisekanäle mit einem Hauptplenum verbunden, welches die Schaufel mit Kühlluft versorgt. Auf diese Weise ist kein direkter Anschluss an die Kühlmediumversorgung erforderlich, wodurch sich der konstruktive Aufwand reduzieren lässt.
Finally, it is also possible to manufacture both the plenum and the blow-out openings using the EDM process. With the help of this method, the shape, size and arrangement of the blow-out openings in particular can be freely selected and implemented with the highest precision. The plenum as such can also be implemented exactly with this procedure. Lateral outlet openings, as required for the production of the plenum, can remain completely or partially open as additional outlet openings, depending on the design of the cooling concept. Otherwise, they are closed after the molding process.
The plenum is preferably connected via feed channels to a main plenum, which supplies the blade with cooling air. In this way, no direct connection to the cooling medium supply is required, which means that the design effort can be reduced.

Obwohl sich das vorstehend beschriebene Kühlkonzept zur Anwendung bei an sich beliebigen, thermisch hochbelasteten Bauteilen realisieren lässt, wird es bevorzugt an Überhängen von Turbinenschaufeln eingesetzt. Dort sind einerseits die thermischen Belastungen besonders hoch, andererseits ist in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft des Überhangs meist ohnehin eine Kühlmittelversorgung vorgesehen, wodurch sich das erfindungsgemäße Kühlkonzept besonders einfach umsetzen lässt.Although the cooling concept described above is suitable for use with it is preferred that any thermally highly stressed components can be realized used on overhangs of turbine blades. On the one hand there are the thermal loads particularly high, on the other hand is in the immediate vicinity of the overhang mostly provided for a coolant supply anyway, whereby the cooling concept according to the invention is particularly easy to implement leaves.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

Es sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Überhang an einer Turbinenschaufel, perspektivische Ansicht von oben;
Fig. 2
Überhang gemäß Fig. 1, Ansicht von unten;
Fig. 3
Überhang an einer Turbinenschaufel gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante, Ansicht von unten;
Fig.4
Kern zur Herstellung eines Plenums;
Fig. 5
Überhang an einer Turbinenschaufel gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante, Ansicht von unten.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it:
Fig. 1
Overhang on a turbine blade, perspective view from above;
Fig. 2
Overhang according to Figure 1, bottom view.
Fig. 3
Overhang on a turbine blade according to a first embodiment, view from below;
Fig. 4
Core for the production of a plenum;
Fig. 5
Overhang on a turbine blade according to a second embodiment, view from below.

Es sind lediglich die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt und beschrieben. They are only the elements essential for understanding the invention shown and described.

Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay of carrying out the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Konzept wird anhand eines plattenförmigen, auskragenden Bauteilabschnitts in Form eines Überhangs 1 erläutert, der als Bestandteil einer eine Turbinenschaufel 4 tragenden Plattform 3 gebildet ist. Eine Oberfläche 2 wird hierbei thermisch hoch belastet, nämlich durch einen hier nicht dargestellten Heißgasstrahl. Insoweit sind die nachstehend näher beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten übereinstimmend gestaltet.The concept according to the invention is based on a plate-shaped, cantilevered Component section explained in the form of an overhang 1, which is a component a platform 3 carrying a turbine blade 4 is formed. A surface 2 is thermally highly stressed, namely by one not shown here Hot gas jet. In this respect, the design variants described in more detail below designed in accordance.

Bei dem in den Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind am Überhang 1 vier im Wesentlichen parallel und beabstandet zueinander angeordnete Pleni 10 vorhanden, die durchgängig den Überhang 1 durchsetzen. Sie verlaufen unmittelbar benachbart zur Oberfläche 2 und kühlen diese in diesem Bereich durch ein nicht näher dargestelltes, konvektiv hindurchgeleitetes Kühlmedium. Weiterhin sind Ausblaseöffnungen 12 vorhanden, und zwar bevorzugt zu Reihen und in Zuordnung zu den Pleni 10 angeordnet. Sie gehen von den Pleni 10 aus und münden an der Oberfläche 2. Auf diese Weise wird Kühlmedium aus den Pleni 10 durch die Ausblaseöffnungen 12 derart ausgeblasen, dass sich ein zusammenhängender Kühlfilm ausbildet. Somit wird die Oberfläche 2 optimal gekühlt.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are on the overhang 1 four essentially parallel and spaced apart Pleni 10 available, which consistently enforce the overhang 1. You run immediately adjacent to the surface 2 and cool it in this area through a cooling medium, which is not shown in more detail and is passed through convectively. Blow-out openings 12 are also present, preferably in rows and arranged in association with the Pleni 10. They are based on Pleni 10 and open on the surface 2. In this way, the cooling medium from the Pleni 10 blown out through the blow-out openings 12 such that a coherent Forms cooling film. The surface 2 is thus optimally cooled.

Wie sich insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ergibt, können die Pleni 10 durch EDM-Werkzeuge 19 gebildet werden, die Durchgangsöffnungen in den Überhang 1 bohren. Es wird damit eine Verbindung zu einem Hauptplenum 5 unterhalb der Plattform 3 hergestellt, wodurch die Pleni 10 mit Kühlluft aus diesem Bereich gespeist werden.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the plenums 10 can be operated using EDM tools 19 are formed, drill the through holes in the overhang 1. This creates a connection to a main plenum 5 below the platform 3 manufactured, whereby the pleni 10 are fed with cooling air from this area.

Je nach Anforderung können die Pleni 10 seitlich am Überhang 1 offen münden, wie dies in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist. In diesem Fall wird Kühlluft zusätzlich seitlich aus dem Überhang 1 ausgeblasen. Es ist jedoch ebenso gut möglich, die Pleni 10 in diesem Bereich teilweise oder vollständig zu verschließen.Depending on the requirements, the plenums 10 can open on the side on the overhang 1, as shown in Fig. 1. In this case, cooling air is also discharged from the side blown out the overhang 1. However, it is equally possible to use Pleni 10 in to partially or completely close this area.

Der Querschnitt der einzelnen Pleni 10 kann variieren, um eine auf die lokale Wärmebelastung abgestimmte Kühlwirkung zu erzielen. Dies gilt auch hinsichtlich ihrer Anzahl und Verteilung ihrer Anordnung längs des Überhangs 1. Gleiches gilt sinngemäß für die Kühlbohrungen bzw. Ausblaseöffnungen 12, die für die Ausbildung des Kühlfilms verantwortlich sind.The cross-section of the individual plenums 10 can vary to match the local one To achieve a coordinated cooling effect when exposed to heat. This also applies to their number and distribution of their arrangement along the overhang 1. The same applies analogously for the cooling bores or blow-out openings 12, which for training of the cooling film are responsible.

Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Ausführungsvariante zeigt ein Plenum 30, das den Überhang 1 hinsichtlich seiner Längs- und Quererstreckung weitgehend vollständig durchgehend durchsetzt. Dies ermöglicht eine weitgehend ideal vergleichmäßigte konvektive Kühlung der Oberfläche 2 und bietet darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit, die (hier nicht näher dargestellten) Film-Kühlluftbohrungen an sich beliebig verteilt anzuordnen.The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 shows a plenum 30, the overhang 1 largely complete with regard to its longitudinal and transverse extension interspersed throughout. This enables a largely ideally evened out convective cooling of the surface 2 and also offers the possibility of the film cooling air bores (not shown here in detail) are distributed as desired to arrange.

Wiederum wird das Plenum 30 vom Hauptplenum 5 versorgt. Hierzu sind Speisekanäle 6 vorgesehen, die die Verbindung zwischen dem Hauptplenum 5 und dem Plenum 30 herstellen.The plenum 30 is again supplied by the main plenum 5. For this there are feed channels 6 provided that the connection between the main plenum 5 and the Establish plenum 30.

Das Plenum 30 und die Speisekanäle 6 sind in diesem Fall direkt während des Gießvorganges gebildet. Hierzu wird ein in Fig. 4 dargestellter Kern 39 verwendet, der die Form des Plenums 30 vorgibt. Weiterhin sind zwei Speisekanalabschnitte 38 vorgesehen, um die Speisekanäle 6 zu bilden. Mit Hilfe dieses mehrteiligen Kerns 38, 39 lässt sich auf einfache Art und Weise das Plenum 30 einschließlich der Speisekanäle 6 formen.The plenum 30 and the feed channels 6 are in this case directly during the Casting process formed. A core 39 shown in FIG. 4 is used for this purpose, which specifies the shape of the plenum 30. There are also two feeder sections 38 provided to form the feed channels 6. With the help of this multi-part Kerns 38, 39 can easily include plenum 30 inclusive form the feed channels 6.

Die Variante gemäß Fig. 5 zeigt eine im Überhang 1 eingegossene Vertiefung 50, von der die Kühlbohrungen 52 abgehen. Das eigentliche Plenum wird dann gebildet, wenn die Vertiefung 50 durch eine hier nicht dargestellte Abdeckung verschlossen wird. Die Abdeckung kann aus einer einfachen Platte bestehen, die auf den Überhang 1 aufgesetzt und dort verlötet oder verschweißt wird. Somit können auch komplizierte Geometrien durch eine korrespondierende Gestaltung der Vertiefung 50 umgesetzt werden. Solche Geometrien können beispielsweise auf der Oberfläche 2 angeordnete Pins, Rippen oder Turbulenzgeneratoren sein (nicht dargestellt).5 shows a recess 50 cast in the overhang 1, from which the cooling bores 52 depart. The actual plenum is then formed when the recess 50 is closed by a cover, not shown here becomes. The cover can consist of a simple plate that is on the overhang 1 is placed and soldered or welded there. So you can even complicated geometries due to a corresponding design of the recess 50 are implemented. Such geometries can, for example, on the Surface 2 arranged pins, ribs or turbulence generators (not shown).

Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, ist das vorstehend beschriebene Konzept nicht nur auf die Anwendung an Überhängen von Turbinenschaufeln beschränkt, vielmehr ist eine Anwendung überall dort möglich, wo plattenförmige, auskragende Bauteilabschnitte hohen thermischen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind und demzufolge effektiv gekühlt werden müssen. As already mentioned at the beginning, the concept described above is not only limited to use on overhangs of turbine blades, rather can be used wherever plate-shaped, projecting component sections exposed to high thermal loads and therefore effective need to be cooled.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
ÜberhangOverhang
22nd
Heißgasseitige OberflächeHot gas side surface
33rd
Plattformplatform
44th
TurbinenschaufelTurbine blade
55
HauptplenumMain plenum
66
SpeisekanalDining channel
1010th
Plenum, EDM-BohrungPlenum, EDM drilling
1212th
Film-Kühlbohrung, AusblaseöffnungFilm cooling hole, blow-out opening
1919th
EDM-WerkzeugEDM tool
3030th
Plenumplenum
3838
SpeisekanalabschnittFeeder section
3939
Kerncore
5050
Vertiefungdeepening
5252
Film-Kühlbohrung, AusblaseöffnungFilm cooling hole, blow-out opening

Claims (9)

Plattenförmiger, auskragender Bauteilabschnitt einer Gasturbine oder dergleichen, mit einer von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche und mit Kühlbohrungen, die von einem Kühlmedium durchströmbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein ausschließlich dem Bauteilabschnitt (1) zugeordnetes Plenum (10; 30; 50) vorgesehen ist, das unmittelbar benachbart zu der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche (2) angeordnet ist und von dem Kühlmedium konvektiv durchströmbar ist, und dass die Kühlbohrungen als Ausblaseöffnungen (12; 52) ausgebildet sind, die von dem Plenum (10; 30, 50) ausgehen und an der von Heißgas beaufschlagten Oberfläche (2) münden, wodurch ein Kühlfilm generierbar ist.Plate-shaped, projecting component section of a gas turbine or the like, with a surface exposed to hot gas and with cooling bores through which a cooling medium can flow, characterized in that at least one plenum (10; 30; 50) exclusively assigned to the component section (1) is provided, which is arranged directly adjacent to the surface (2) acted upon by hot gas and through which the cooling medium can flow through convectively, and that the cooling bores are designed as blow-out openings (12; 52) which start and leave the plenum (10; 30, 50) the surface exposed to hot gas (2) open, whereby a cooling film can be generated. Bauteilabschnitt nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (30, 50) den Bauteilabschnitt (1) weitgehend vollständig durchsetzt.Component section according to claim 1, characterized in that the plenum (30, 50) largely completely penetrates the component section (1). Bauteilabschnitt nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (30, 50) im Gießverfahren geformt ist.Component section according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plenum (30, 50) is formed in the casting process. Bauteilabschnitt nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (30; 50) mittels eines mehrteiligen Kerns (38; 39) gebildet ist.Component section according to claim 3, characterized in that the plenum (30; 50) is formed by means of a multi-part core (38; 39). Bauteilabschnitt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (30; 50) durch eine in den Bauteilabschnitt (1) eingeformte Vertiefung (50) gebildet ist, die durch eine Abdeckung verschlossen ist.Component section according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plenum (30; 50) is formed by a recess (50) molded into the component section (1) and closed by a cover. Bauteilabschnitt nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abdeckung mit dem Bauteilabschnitt (1) verlötet oder verschweißt ist.Component section according to claim 5, characterized in that the cover is soldered or welded to the component section (1). Bauteilabschnitt nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (10) und/oder die Ausblaseöffnungen (12) im EDM-Verfahren hergestellt ist/sind. Component section according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plenum (10) and / or the blow-out openings (12) is / are produced using the EDM method. Bauteilabschnitt nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Plenum (10; 30; 50) über Speisekanäle (6) mit einem Hauptplenum (5) verbunden ist.Component section according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plenum (10; 30; 50) is connected to a main plenum (5) via feed channels (6). Bauteilabschnitt nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche in Form eines an einer Turbinenschaufel (4) gebildeten Überhangs (1).Component section according to one of the preceding claims in the form of a overhang (1) formed on a turbine blade (4).
EP01108008A 2000-03-31 2001-03-29 Gas turbine component Expired - Lifetime EP1138878B1 (en)

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DE10016081A DE10016081A1 (en) 2000-03-31 2000-03-31 Plate-shaped, projecting component section of a gas turbine
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DE50113955D1 (en) 2008-06-26
US6565317B2 (en) 2003-05-20
DE10016081A1 (en) 2001-10-04
EP1138878B1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1138878A3 (en) 2003-10-01
US20010036407A1 (en) 2001-11-01

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