EP1138516A2 - Method for forming an internal engraved image in a flat body and apparatus for performing the method - Google Patents

Method for forming an internal engraved image in a flat body and apparatus for performing the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1138516A2
EP1138516A2 EP01107685A EP01107685A EP1138516A2 EP 1138516 A2 EP1138516 A2 EP 1138516A2 EP 01107685 A EP01107685 A EP 01107685A EP 01107685 A EP01107685 A EP 01107685A EP 1138516 A2 EP1138516 A2 EP 1138516A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
flat body
engraving
flat
internal
measuring device
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EP01107685A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1138516B1 (en
EP1138516A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Wienkamp
Remy Renaud
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Vitro Laser GmbH
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Vitro Laser GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/262—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used recording or marking of inorganic surfaces or materials, e.g. glass, metal, or ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used

Definitions

  • the invention relates at least to a method for introducing an interior engraving in a flat body in particular made of transparent material, preferably in one Flat glass that has a mechanical prestress or which subsequently receives a mechanical preload.
  • the invention also relates to an insertion device at least one inside engraving in a flat body, in particular made of transparent material, preferably in a flat glass that has a mechanical prestress or who subsequently receives a mechanical prestress, comprising at least one radiation source for generating the Beam high power density, a focusing optics for Focus the beam and a holding device for the flat body, especially for performing the aforementioned Procedure.
  • Flat bodies preferably flat glasses, are used for certain Purpose mechanically pre-stressed.
  • Preloading increases mechanical strength.
  • the preloading also causes the setting a specific crumbly breaking behavior, a risk of injury if the flat body breaks to prevent.
  • Pre-stressing creates sections in a flat body of opposite mechanical stresses.
  • Methods of the type mentioned are for the technical marking or for the decoration of three-dimensional bodies known.
  • compact glass bodies such as glass cubes due to internal engravings or glass balls, decorated or labeled.
  • the invention has for its object with a method of the genus mentioned at the beginning flat bodies or flat ones intended for prestressing Body in particular made of transparent material to be engraved on the inside. A device is also intended be demonstrated for performing the method.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention solved that for the introduction of the inner engraving at least a high power density beam is used is in an effective volume immediately below the Flat body surface is focused.
  • the interior engraving uses a beam of high power density.
  • This beam preferably a laser beam
  • This beam is in an effective volume immediately below the Focused flat body surface. From the effective volume an inner engraving point is formed. Because of the focus just below the surface of the flat body is the inside engraving point likewise immediately below the surface of the flat Body arranged.
  • the inside engraving is preferred from several inner engraving points, each separate from each other formed with each inner engraving point is formed by an effective volume.
  • Power density immediately below the surface of the flat body are the or, are the internal engraving points arranged in the section of the flat body that under Compressive stress is present. This avoids internal engraving points in the core area of the flat body, for example a flat glass pane, to be arranged under Tension is there.
  • the method according to the invention is also for a flat one Apply body after inserting internal engraving points is mechanically preloaded.
  • This one too Body is to be carried out according to the method of the invention, are the inner engraving points immediately below to arrange its surface.
  • the interior engraving points are such according to the inventive method immediately below the surface of the flat body arranged that the inner engraving points within one Layer whose thickness is about 25% of the total thickness of the body.
  • the beam of high power density is thus focused in such a way that the effective volumes trained in the upper quarter of the body to be treated the surface of the body is not injured becomes.
  • Each inner engraving point is preferably of a diameter trained, which is approximately equal to the distance from each other adjacent engraving points. Too closely arranging each other neighboring inner engraving points would become one Weakening of the engraved material, in particular with a pretension to break the material could lead. Then there would be local destruction if tensile stress occurs, the tear continues Body will be destroyed.
  • the diameter of an internal engraving point is, for example, 100 to 300 microns.
  • At least three internal engraving points be arranged three-dimensionally to each other. It is possible in addition to two-dimensional and three-dimensional Form internal engravings in a flat body. It is important to ensure that everyone Internal engraving points of a three-dimensional marking are located within the section under compressive stresses stands.
  • Each interior engraving point is a two-dimensional one or with a three-dimensional interior engraving below arranged on the surface of the flat body.
  • two-dimensional Internal engravings are preferably provided, that each interior engraving point is equidistant from the surface formed below the surface of the flat body becomes. By setting this equal distance is advantageously avoided that internal engraving points formed within the core area of the flat body become.
  • the task according to the invention is thereby solved that a device of the aforementioned Genus a measuring device for measuring the distance between the focusing optics and the surface of the flat Body.
  • This adjustment can be done by changing the distance between the body surface and focusing optics or by changing the focal length of the focusing optics respectively.
  • the measuring device is, for example, the focusing optics assigned. It can be a non-contact measurement Be a measuring device, preferably a laser measuring device. In addition to flat glasses, flat ones can also be used Plastic discs are treated.
  • Embodiments of the invention from which there are further inventive features are shown in the drawing shown.
  • the two figures of the drawing show devices for inserting at least one internal engraving in a flat body.
  • a flat body 1 With each device, a flat body 1, the approximately is plate-shaped, with one or more Internal engravings 2 provided.
  • Each inner engraving 2 consists of several separate internal engraving points, which in the exemplary embodiments shown approximately along a line is formed inside the flat body 1 become.
  • Each beam 3 is a laser beam and is in a schematically illustrated laser beam source 4 generated and one or, if necessary several deflecting mirrors 5 in the direction of the flat body 1 directed.
  • An actuating device is located in the light path of the beam 3 6 to change the focal length of the beam 3 arranged.
  • the focusing optics 8 is for example as a flat field lens (f-theta optics) or designed as telecentric optics.
  • Each of the devices also has a measuring device 10 assigned to the respective focusing optics 8 is. With this measuring device 10 is the distance z between the focusing optics 8 and the one facing them Surface 9 of the flat body 1 continuously measurable.
  • the measuring device 10 preferably works without contact.
  • the flat body 1 is no further on one shown table arranged. With the arrows x and y is shown that the body 1 with the table in one horizontal plane is freely movable.
  • the focusing optics 8 with respect to the surface 9 of the flat Body 1 in the direction of the arrow marked z be variably arranged.
  • the Focusing optics 8 can be parallel to the plane of the table Plane freely movable according to arrows x and y his.

Abstract

Method involves using high power density beam (3) to introduce the engraving (2) that is focused in a working region immediately below the surface of the flat body (1). The beam is focused in a layer below the flat body surface that is about 25 per cent of the thickness of the flat body. Independent claims are also included for the following: an arrangement for introducing at least one internal engraving into a flat body.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einbringen wenigstens einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper insbesondere aus transparentem Material, vorzugsweise in ein Flachglas, der eine mechanische Vorspannung aufweist bzw. der nachfolgend eine mechanische Vorspannung erhält.The invention relates at least to a method for introducing an interior engraving in a flat body in particular made of transparent material, preferably in one Flat glass that has a mechanical prestress or which subsequently receives a mechanical preload.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen wenigstens einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper, insbesondere aus transparentem Material, vorzugsweise in ein Flachglas, der eine mechanische Vorspannung aufweist bzw, der nachfolgend eine mechanische Vorspannung erhält, umfassend wenigstens eine Strahlenquelle zum Erzeugen des Strahls hoher Leistungsdichte, eine Fokussieroptik zum Fokussieren des Strahls und eine Haltevorrichtung für den flachen Körper, insbesondere zur Durchführung des vorbezeichneten Verfahrens.The invention also relates to an insertion device at least one inside engraving in a flat body, in particular made of transparent material, preferably in a flat glass that has a mechanical prestress or who subsequently receives a mechanical prestress, comprising at least one radiation source for generating the Beam high power density, a focusing optics for Focus the beam and a holding device for the flat body, especially for performing the aforementioned Procedure.

Flache Körper, vorzugsweise Flachgläser, werden für bestimmte Einsatzzwecke mechanisch vorgespannt. Durch das Vorspannen wird eine höhere mechanische Festigkeit erzielt. Das Vorspannen bewirkt zudem die Einstellung eines spezifischen krümeligen Bruchverhaltens, um eine Verletzungsgefahr bei Bruch des flachen Körpers zu verhindern.Flat bodies, preferably flat glasses, are used for certain Purpose mechanically pre-stressed. By the Preloading increases mechanical strength. The preloading also causes the setting a specific crumbly breaking behavior, a risk of injury if the flat body breaks to prevent.

Durch das Vorspannen werden in einem flachen Körper Abschnitte gegensätzlicher mechanischer Spannungen erzeugt. In der Regel stehen die Oberfläche bzw, die Oberflächen des flachen Körpers und die unmittelbar darunter liegenden Abschnitte unter Druckspannungen, während der Kernbereich des flachen Körpers unter Zugspannung steht.Pre-stressing creates sections in a flat body of opposite mechanical stresses. As a rule, the surface or the surfaces of the flat body and those immediately below Sections under compressive stress while the core area of the flat body is under tension.

Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung sind für die technische Kennzeichnung oder für die Dekoration von dreidimensionalen Körpern bekannt. Beispielsweise werden durch Innengravuren kompakte Glaskörper, wie Glaswürfel oder Glaskugeln, dekoriert oder gekennzeichnet.Methods of the type mentioned are for the technical marking or for the decoration of three-dimensional bodies known. For example compact glass bodies such as glass cubes due to internal engravings or glass balls, decorated or labeled.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, mit einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung auch vorgespannte flache Körper bzw, für eine Vorspannung vorgesehene flache Körper insbesondere aus transparentem Material mit einer Innengravur zu versehen. Weiterhin soll eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens aufgezeigt werden.The invention has for its object with a method of the genus mentioned at the beginning flat bodies or flat ones intended for prestressing Body in particular made of transparent material to be engraved on the inside. A device is also intended be demonstrated for performing the method.

Diese Aufgabe ist verfahrensseitig erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß für das Einbringen der Innengravur zumindestens ein Strahl mit hoher Leistungsdichte verwendet wird, der in einem Wirkvolumen unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers fokussiert wird.In terms of the method, this object is achieved according to the invention solved that for the introduction of the inner engraving at least a high power density beam is used is in an effective volume immediately below the Flat body surface is focused.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird für das Einbringen der Innengravur ein Strahl hoher Leistungsdichte verwendet. Dieser Strahl, vorzugsweise ein Laserstrahl, wird in einem Wirkvolumen unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers fokussiert. Aus dem Wirkvolumen wird ein Innengravurpunkt ausgebildet. Aufgrund der Fokussierung unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers ist der hergestellte Innengravurpunkt gleichfalls unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers angeordnet. Die Innengravur wird dabei vorzugsweise aus mehreren, voneinander jeweils separaten Innengravurpunkten ausgebildet, wobei jeder Innengravurpunkt durch ein Wirkvolumen ausgebildet wird.In the method according to the invention, for the introduction the interior engraving uses a beam of high power density. This beam, preferably a laser beam, is in an effective volume immediately below the Focused flat body surface. From the effective volume an inner engraving point is formed. Because of the focus just below the surface of the flat body is the inside engraving point likewise immediately below the surface of the flat Body arranged. The inside engraving is preferred from several inner engraving points, each separate from each other formed with each inner engraving point is formed by an effective volume.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Fokussieren des Strahls hoher Leistungsdichte unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers sind der bzw, sind die Innengravurpunkte in dem Abschnitt des flachen Körpers angeordnet, der unter Druckspannung steht. Es wird somit vermieden, Innengravurpunkte im Kernbereich des flachen Körpers, beispielsweise einer Flachglasscheibe, anzuordnen, der unter Zugspannung steht.By focusing the beam higher according to the invention Power density immediately below the surface of the flat body are the or, are the internal engraving points arranged in the section of the flat body that under Compressive stress is present. This avoids internal engraving points in the core area of the flat body, for example a flat glass pane, to be arranged under Tension is there.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist auch bei einem flachen Körper anzuwenden, der nach einem Einbringen von Innengravurpunkten mechanisch vorgespannt wird. Auch bei diesem Körper ist nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorzugehen, sind also die Innengravurpunkte unmittelbar unterhalb seiner Oberfläche anzuordnen. Die Innengravurpunkte werden nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren derart unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers angeordnet, daß sich die Innengravurpunkte innerhalb einer Schicht befinden, deren Dicke etwa 25 % der Gesamtdicke des Körpers beträgt. Der Strahl hoher Leistungsdichte wird somit derart fokussiert, daß die Wirkvolumina im oberen Viertel des zu behandelnden Körpers ausgebildet werden, wobei die Oberfläche des Körpers nicht verletzt wird. The method according to the invention is also for a flat one Apply body after inserting internal engraving points is mechanically preloaded. This one too Body is to be carried out according to the method of the invention, are the inner engraving points immediately below to arrange its surface. The interior engraving points are such according to the inventive method immediately below the surface of the flat body arranged that the inner engraving points within one Layer whose thickness is about 25% of the total thickness of the body. The beam of high power density is thus focused in such a way that the effective volumes trained in the upper quarter of the body to be treated the surface of the body is not injured becomes.

Jeder Innengravurpunkt wird vorzugsweise mit einem Durchmesser ausgebildet, der etwa gleich dem Abstand einander benachbarter Gravurpunkte ist. Ein zu enges Anordnen einander benachbarter Innengravurpunkte würde zu einer Schwächung des gravierten Materials führen, die insbesondere bei einer Vorspannung zum Zerbrechen des Materials führen könnte. Dann würde nämlich eine lokale Zerstörung bei Auftreten von Zugspannungen weiter reißen und der Körper zerstört werden. Der Durchmesser eines Innengravurpunktes beträgt beispielsweise 100 bis 300 µm.Each inner engraving point is preferably of a diameter trained, which is approximately equal to the distance from each other adjacent engraving points. Too closely arranging each other neighboring inner engraving points would become one Weakening of the engraved material, in particular with a pretension to break the material could lead. Then there would be local destruction if tensile stress occurs, the tear continues Body will be destroyed. The diameter of an internal engraving point is, for example, 100 to 300 microns.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wenigstens drei Innengravurpunkte dreidimensional zueinander angeordnet werden. Es ist somit möglich, neben zweidimensionalen auch dreidimensionale Innengravuren in einem flachen Körper auszubilden. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, daß sich sämtliche Innengravurpunkte einer dreidimensionalen Kennzeichnung innerhalb des Abschnittes befinden, der unter Druckspannungen steht.With the inventive method after a Development of the invention at least three internal engraving points be arranged three-dimensionally to each other. It is possible in addition to two-dimensional and three-dimensional Form internal engravings in a flat body. It is important to ensure that everyone Internal engraving points of a three-dimensional marking are located within the section under compressive stresses stands.

Jeder Innengravurpunkt ist bei einer zweidimensionalen oder bei einer dreidimensionalen Innengravur unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers angeordnet. Bei zweidimensionalen Innengravuren ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß jeder Innengravurpunkt in gleichem Abstand zur Oberfläche unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers ausgebildet wird. Durch die Einstellung dieses gleichen Abstandes wird vorteilhaft vermieden, daß Innengravurpunkte innerhalb des Kernbereiches des flachen Körpers ausgebildet werden.Each interior engraving point is a two-dimensional one or with a three-dimensional interior engraving below arranged on the surface of the flat body. With two-dimensional Internal engravings are preferably provided, that each interior engraving point is equidistant from the surface formed below the surface of the flat body becomes. By setting this equal distance is advantageously avoided that internal engraving points formed within the core area of the flat body become.

Vorrichtungsseitig ist die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung eine Meßeinrichtung zum Messen des Abstandes zwischen der Fokussieroptik und der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers aufweist.On the device side, the task according to the invention is thereby solved that a device of the aforementioned Genus a measuring device for measuring the distance between the focusing optics and the surface of the flat Body.

Bei dem Einbringen einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper ist es erforderlich, daß die Wirkvolumina, aus denen die Innengravurpunkte gebildet werden, in den Abschnitt der Druckspannung eingebracht werden. Dieser Abschnitt weist bei flachen Körpern, beispielsweise bei Flachglas, eine geringe Höhe von ca, ein Viertel der Dikke auf. Dadurch ist es erforderlich, den in diesem Abschnitt fokussierten Strahl hoher Leistungsdichte auch dann exakt in diesem Abschnitt zu halten, wenn die Oberfläche des flachen Körpers nicht plan ist. Um dieses Halten zu gewährleisten, ist die Meßeinrichtung zum Messen des Abstandes zwischen der Fokussieroptik und der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers vorgesehen. Mit dieser kann der Abstand zwischen der Fokussieroptik und der Oberfläche exakt gemessen werden und es kann bei Bedarf eine Korrektur des Abstandes erfolgen.When inserting an internal engraving into a flat one Body it is necessary that the effective volumes from which the interior engraving points are formed in the section the compressive stress. this section shows with flat bodies, for example Flat glass, a low height of approx. A quarter of the thickness on. This makes it necessary to follow the instructions in this section focused beam of high power density too then keep exactly in this section when the surface of the flat body is not flat. To keep this To ensure the measuring device for measuring the distance between the focusing optics and the surface of the flat body. With this can the distance between the focusing optics and the surface can be measured exactly and if necessary a The distance is corrected.

Korrekturen sind insbesondere dann notwendig, wenn die Oberfläche des flachen Körpers wesentlich von einer planen Oberfläche abweicht. Aufgrund einer Ausstattung von insbesondere Flachgläsern mit häufig großen Abmessungen und in Relation dazu kleiner Dicken treten Wölbungen und Biegungen des flachen Körpers insgesamt auf, die sich auf den Abstand zwischen der Oberfläche dieses flachen Körpers und der Fokussieroptik auswirken. Dieses Auswirken ist insbesondere dann zu beachten, wenn mehrere Innengravurpunkte ausgebildet werden und dabei der Strahl zu dem behandelnden flachen Körper relativ bewegt wird. Dieses Bewegen kann durch ein Bewegen der Fokussieroptik oder durch ein Bewegen des zu behandelnden flachen Körpers mit der Haltevorrichtung, z. B. mit einem Haltetisch, oder durch Bewegungen beider Baueinheiten zueinander erfolgen. Während des Einbringens der Innengravurpunkte wird der Abstand zwischen der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers und der Fokussieroptik fortlaufend gemessen und es wird bei auftretenden Abweichungen z. B. aufgrund von Wölbungen und Biegungen der vorbestimmte Abstand sofort wieder eingestellt.Corrections are particularly necessary if the Flat body surface substantially of a plan Surface deviates. Due to an equipment from especially flat glasses with often large dimensions and in relation to small thicknesses there are arches and Bends of the flat body as a whole, based on the distance between the surface of this flat body and the focusing optics. This impact is particularly important when there are multiple internal engraving points be trained and thereby the beam to the treating flat body is moved relatively. This Can move by moving the focusing optics or by moving the flat body to be treated with the holding device, e.g. B. with a holding table, or by movements of the two units towards each other respectively. While inserting the internal engraving points becomes the distance between the surface of the flat body and the focusing optics continuously measured and it if deviations occur z. B. due to Bulges and bends the predetermined distance instantly rehired.

Dieses Einstellen kann durch eine Veränderung des Abstandes zwischen Körperoberfläche und Fokussieroptik erfolgen oder auch durch eine Veränderung der Brennweite der Fokussieroptik erfolgen.This adjustment can be done by changing the distance between the body surface and focusing optics or by changing the focal length of the focusing optics respectively.

Die Meßeinrichtung ist beispielsweise der Fokussieroptik zugeordnet. Sie kann dabei eine berührungslos messende Meßeinrichtung sein, vorzugsweise eine Laser-Meßeinrichtung. Neben Flachgläsern können auch flache Scheiben aus Kunststoffen behandelt werden.The measuring device is, for example, the focusing optics assigned. It can be a non-contact measurement Be a measuring device, preferably a laser measuring device. In addition to flat glasses, flat ones can also be used Plastic discs are treated.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, aus denen sich weitere erfinderische Merkmale ergeben, sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Die beiden Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen Vorrichtungen zum Einbringen wenigstens einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper.Embodiments of the invention, from which there are further inventive features are shown in the drawing shown. The two figures of the drawing show devices for inserting at least one internal engraving in a flat body.

Mit jeder Vorrichtung wird ein flacher Körper 1, der etwa plattenförmig ausgebildet ist, mit einer bzw. mehreren Innengravuren 2 versehen. Jede Innengravur 2 besteht aus mehreren jeweils voneinander separaten Innengravurpunkten, die in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen etwa entlang einer Linie innerhalb des flachen Körpers 1 ausgebildet werden.With each device, a flat body 1, the approximately is plate-shaped, with one or more Internal engravings 2 provided. Each inner engraving 2 consists of several separate internal engraving points, which in the exemplary embodiments shown approximately along a line is formed inside the flat body 1 become.

Zum Einbringen der Innengravur 2 in den flachen Körper 1 dient ein Strahl 3 hoher Energiedichte (Fig. 1) bzw. ein über Galvanometerspiegel abgelenkter Strahl 3 hoher Energiedichte (Fig. 2). Jeder Strahl 3 ist ein Laserstrahl und wird in einer schematisch dargestellten Laserstrahlquelle 4 erzeugt und über einen oder gegebenenfalls mehrere Umlenkspiegel 5 in Richtung des flachen Körpers 1 gelenkt. Im Lichtgang des Strahls 3 ist eine Stelleinrichtung 6 zur Veränderung der Brennweite des Strahls 3 angeordnet.For inserting the inner engraving 2 into the flat body 1 serves a beam 3 of high energy density (Fig. 1) or a 3 higher beam deflected via galvanometer mirror Energy density (Fig. 2). Each beam 3 is a laser beam and is in a schematically illustrated laser beam source 4 generated and one or, if necessary several deflecting mirrors 5 in the direction of the flat body 1 directed. An actuating device is located in the light path of the beam 3 6 to change the focal length of the beam 3 arranged.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 2 ist die Galvanospiegel-Anordnung 7 nachfolgend zur Stelleinrichtung 6 zur Veränderung der Brennweite angeordnet.2 is the galvanomirror arrangement 7 subsequent to the adjusting device 6 for change the focal length.

Vor Auftreffen des Strahls 3 auf den flachen Körper 1 wird der Strahl 3 durch eine Fokussieroptik 8 geführt. Mit dieser erfolgt ein Fokussieren des Strahls 3 derart, daß er in einem Bereich unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche 9 des flachen Körpers fokussiert ist. Die Fokussieroptik 8 ist beispielsweise als Planfeldobjektiv (f-theta-Optik) oder als telezentrische Optik ausgebildet.Before the beam 3 hits the flat body 1 the beam 3 is guided through a focusing optics 8. With this, the beam 3 is focused in such a way that he's in an area immediately below the surface 9 of the flat body is focused. The focusing optics 8 is for example as a flat field lens (f-theta optics) or designed as telecentric optics.

Jede der Vorrichtungen weist darüber hinaus eine Meßeinrichtung 10 auf, die der jeweiligen Fokussieroptik 8 zugeordnet ist. Mit dieser Meßeinrichtung 10 ist der Abstand z zwischen der Fokussieroptik 8 und der dieser zugekehrten Oberfläche 9 des flachen Körpers 1 fortlaufend meßbar. Die Meßeinrichtung 10 arbeitet vorzugsweise berührungslos.Each of the devices also has a measuring device 10 assigned to the respective focusing optics 8 is. With this measuring device 10 is the distance z between the focusing optics 8 and the one facing them Surface 9 of the flat body 1 continuously measurable. The measuring device 10 preferably works without contact.

Der flache Körper 1 ist jeweils auf einem nicht weiter dargestellten Tisch angeordnet. Mit den Pfeilen x und y ist dargestellt, daß der Körper 1 mit dem Tisch in einer horizontalen Ebene frei bewegbar ist. Zudem kann die Fokussieroptik 8 bezüglich der Oberfläche 9 des flachen Körpers 1 in Richtung des mit z gekennzeichneten Pfeils veränderlich angeordnet sein. Auch die Fokussieroptik 8 kann in einer zur Ebene des Tisches parallelen Ebene entsprechend den Pfeilen x und y frei bewegbar sein.The flat body 1 is no further on one shown table arranged. With the arrows x and y is shown that the body 1 with the table in one horizontal plane is freely movable. In addition, the focusing optics 8 with respect to the surface 9 of the flat Body 1 in the direction of the arrow marked z be variably arranged. Also the Focusing optics 8 can be parallel to the plane of the table Plane freely movable according to arrows x and y his.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Einbringen wenigstens einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper insbesondere aus transparentem Material, vorzugsweise in ein Flachglas, der eine mechanische Vorspannung aufweist bzw. der nachfolgend eine mechanische Vorspannung erhält,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für das Einbringen zumindestens ein Strahl (3) hoher Leistungsdichte verwendet wird, der in einem Wirkvolumen unmittelbar unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers (1) fokussiert wird.Method for introducing at least one internal engraving into a flat body, in particular made of transparent material, preferably into a flat glass, which has a mechanical prestress or which subsequently receives a mechanical prestress,
characterized in that at least one beam (3) of high power density is used for the introduction, which is focused in an effective volume immediately below the surface of the flat body (1). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Strahl (3) hoher Leistungsdichte in einer Schicht unterhalb der Oberfläche des flachen Körpers (1) fokussiert wird, wobei die Dicke dieser Schicht etwa 25 % der Gesamtdicke des Körpers (1) beträgt.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the beam (3) of high power density is focused in a layer below the surface of the flat body (1), the thickness of this layer being approximately 25% of the total thickness of the body (1). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innengravur (2) aus mehreren, voneinander jeweils separaten Innengravurpunkten gebildet wird, wobei jeder Innengravurpunkt aus einem Wirkvolumen ausgebildet wird.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner engraving (2) is formed from a plurality of inner engraving points which are each separate from one another, each inner engraving point being formed from an effective volume. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Innengravurpunkt mit einem Durchmesser ausgebildet wird, der etwa gleich dem Abstand einander benachbarter Gravurpunkte ist.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that each inner engraving point is formed with a diameter which is approximately equal to the distance between adjacent engraving points. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens drei Innengravurpunkte dreidimensional zueinander angeordnet werden. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three internal engraving points are arranged three-dimensionally to one another. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Innengravurpunkt unterhalb der Oberfläche (9) des flachen Körpers (1) in gleichem Abstand zu dieser Oberfläche (9) ausgebildet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each inner engraving point is formed below the surface (9) of the flat body (1) at the same distance from this surface (9). Vorrichtung zum Einbringen wenigstens einer Innengravur in einen flachen Körper insbesondere aus transparentem Material, vorzugsweise in ein Flachglas, der eine mechanische Vorspannung aufweist bzw, der nachfolgend eine mechanische Vorspannung erhält, umfassend wenigstens eine Strahlenquelle zum Erzeugen des Strahls hoher Leistungsdichte, eine Fokussieroptik zum Fokussieren des Strahls und eine Haltevorrichtung für den flachen Körper, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Meßeinrichtung (10) zum Messen des Abstandes zwischen der Fokussieroptik (8) und der Oberfläche (9) des flachen Körpers (1) aufweist.Device for introducing at least one internal engraving into a flat body, in particular made of transparent material, preferably into a flat glass, which has a mechanical prestress or which subsequently receives a mechanical prestress, comprising at least one radiation source for generating the beam of high power density, focusing optics for focusing the Jet and a holding device for the flat body, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that it has a measuring device (10) for measuring the distance between the focusing optics (8) and the surface (9) of the flat body (1). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßeinrichtung (10) der Fokussieroptik (8) zugeordnet ist.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the measuring device (10) is associated with the focusing optics (8). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßeinrichtung (10) eine berührungslos messende Meßeinrichtung (10), vorzugsweise eine Laser-Meßeinrichtung (10), ist.Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the measuring device (10) is a non-contact measuring device (10), preferably a laser measuring device (10). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlenquelle eine Laserstrahlquelle (4) ist.Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the radiation source is a laser beam source (4).
EP01107685A 2000-03-29 2001-03-28 Method for forming an internal engraved image in a flat body and apparatus for performing the method Expired - Lifetime EP1138516B1 (en)

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US8547008B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2013-10-01 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Material having laser induced light redirecting features
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DE50108969D1 (en) 2006-04-27
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ATE318217T1 (en) 2006-03-15
EP1138516A3 (en) 2003-07-23

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