Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
  • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
  • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
  • H01B7/1855—Sheaths comprising helical wrapped non-metallic layers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
  • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
  • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
  • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
  • Y10T428/249982—With component specified as adhesive or bonding agent
  • Y10T428/249985—Composition of adhesive or bonding component specified
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component
  • Y10T442/652—Nonwoven fabric is coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of an adhesive tape as a taping tape for cables, the cables have a PVC-free sheathing.
• PVC polyvinyl chloride
• sheaths of copper wires consist predominantly of PVC, provided that not enforce framework conditions such as high temperature requirements alternatives.
• Self-adhesive tapes have been developed as generally for protection and insulation as well for bandaging electrical cables and components to a considerable extent Self-adhesive tapes can be used.
• the self-adhesive tapes make it possible to produce a long-term bond without damage to the cable due to interactions between the adhesive tape and the cable sheath.
• the additives in the plasticized PVC in particular, tend to migrate and require adhesive tapes specially adapted to them. This is why adhesive tapes with a PVC film backing have become particularly popular; on the one hand because of their mechanical properties, but on the other hand also because of minimized compatibility problems, since at least the backing and the primer consist of the same material.
• PVC-free lines The tendency towards such PVC-free lines is also for cable sets in vehicles given, while components such as plug connections, switches, creased pipes, etc. are already predominant made of PVC-free materials.
• test temperatures are correct according to the areas of application of the cable sets and are, for example, 90 ° C for fabric tapes with use in the passenger compartment according to FORD S95 GG 14K 024 BA. For applications Continuous temperatures of 125 ° C and higher are also required in the engine compartment.
• Adhesive tapes with a tape-shaped are known for such cable winding applications
• Carriers based on fabric or sewing fleece, whereby fabric tapes have been around for a long time are available and tapes with a non-woven backing, for example in DE 94 01 037 U1 to be discribed.
• Pressure sensitive pressure sensitive adhesive coatings are preferred as the adhesive coating used.
• DE 44 42 092 C1 describes such an adhesive-based adhesive tape, which is on the back of the carrier is coated.
• DE 44 42 093 C1 also includes the use of a fleece as a carrier for an adhesive tape, here one is formed by the formation of stitches described the fibers of the nonwoven reinforced cross-fiber nonwoven, so a specialist fleece known as Malivlies.
• DE 44 42 507 C1 also discloses a Adhesive tape for cable banding, but it is based on so-called Kunit or Multi-knit fleece.
• DE 195 23 494 C2 discloses the use of an adhesive tape with a carrier made of nonwoven material for bandaging cable harnesses, which is coated on one side with an adhesive.
• the fleece used according to the invention is a spun fleece made of polypropylene, which is thermally consolidated and embossed with the aid of a calender, the embossing roller having an embossing area of 10% to 30%, preferably 19%.
• DE 298 04 431 U1 also discloses the use of an adhesive tape with a carrier made of nonwoven material for bandaging cable harnesses, the proposed spunbonded nonwoven made of polyester.
• an adhesive tape is described in WO 99/24518 A1, the backing material being a nonwoven which is suitable for the use of adhesive tapes only through the specific selection of fibers or filaments with a fineness of greater than 15 den and through an additionally extruded film layer .
• a disadvantage for the use is not only the additional extrusion coating required, but also the limitation to very thick fiber material. This results in a coarse fleece that lacks the typically soft, textile character. Denier [den] is a French textile unit for the titer (fineness) of yarn.
• the invention has for its object an adhesive tape for use as a bandaging tape to provide for cables, the cables being a PVC-free sheathing have, so especially one made of polyester or polyolefins.
• the tape should not be glued in direct contact during normal use Damage to the casing.
• the adhesive tape described below according to the invention is capable of fulfilling the tasks set.
• the invention proposes the use of an adhesive tape as a taping tape for cables, the cables having a PVC-free sheathing, comprising a PVC-free backing on which at least one side has a pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylate applied, the adhesive tape, if it is glued to the cables at a temperature of at least 100 ° C and for a period of at least 240 h, the jacket will not be damaged.
• the adhesive can be coated as pure acrylate, as a compound and / or as a blend from the solution, as an aqueous system or as a hot melt from the melt.
• Compounds are understood to be ready-to-use mixtures of polymers and the corresponding additives which are required for the production of the end products.
• Blends are blends or mixtures of polymers.
• an adhesive tape with a particularly preferred Adhesive based on acrylic hot melt the task.
• Solvent-free systems based on acrylate hotmelt are commercially available in EP 621 326 or also in EP 937 761 they are, for example, from BASF under the name acResin UV®.
• Outstanding adhesives are suitable which have a K value of at least 20, in particular greater than 30, measured in each case in 1% strength by weight solution in toluene at 25 ° C.
• the K value is determined in particular in analogy to DIN 53 726.
• Adhesives of this type can be obtained, for example, by concentrating a solution of a composition having the abovementioned properties to form a system which can be processed as a hot melt. Concentration can take place in appropriately equipped boilers or extruders, particularly in the case of the associated degassing, a degassing extruder is preferred.
• Advantageous adhesives are e.g. B. in DE 43 13 008 A1. The one on this The solvent is completely removed in an intermediate step by means of the acrylic compositions prepared withdrawn.
• the solution of the mass contains 5- 80 wt .-%, in particular 30-70 wt .-% solvent.
• solvents are preferably used, especially low boiling hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols and / or esters.
• Single-screw, twin-screw or multi-screw extruders are further preferred used with one or in particular two or more degassing units.
• the adhesive can by chemical or thermal treatment, in particular by radiation chemical treatment, be crosslinkable.
• the acrylic hot melt adhesive can be cross-linked preferably with UV radiation.
• Other types of networking are also possible, for example electron beam crosslinking.
• the acrylic hot melt adhesive can be in an excellent embodiment the invention additionally radiation-chemically and / or chemically and / or thermally activatable substances can be added and / or polymerized into them, in particular Photoinitiators, especially benzoin derivatives.
• Photoinitiators especially benzoin derivatives.
• benzoin acrylate or benzoin methacrylate acrylic acid or called methacrylic acid ester.
• benzoin derivatives are in EP 0 578 151 A described.
• copolymers are used as self-adhesive compositions from (meth) acrylic acid and its esters with 1 - 25 C atoms, maleic, fumaric and / or itaconic acid and / or its esters, substituted (meth) acrylamides, maleic anhydride and other vinyl compounds, such as vinyl esters, especially vinyl acetate, Vinyl alcohols and / or vinyl ethers used.
• the residual solvent content should be less than 1% by weight.
• PVC-free fabrics are used as carrier materials for the adhesive tape Entrance to continue after the manufacture of the insulation or protective winding PVC-free composites are available.
• fabrics, knitted fabrics, Nonwovens, foils, paper, felts, foams and coextrudates are used.
• stretchable, conformable films are preferred Plastics such as polyolefins or, in particular, textile carrier materials selected.
• the textile backing materials include woven or knitted fabrics made from natural fibers such as Cotton or synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, Cotton wool and the like known; Furthermore, a wide variety of fleece carriers such as wet-laid Nonwovens, hydroentangled nonwovens or thermally bonded with or without pressure Nonwovens, needle-punched or spunbonded fabrics, stitchbonding fabrics such as Maliwatt or Malivllies be used, provided they are made from suitable fibers or filaments. Of felts, foams and other types of PVC-free substrates can also be used be used.
• Pre-consolidated nonwovens are produced, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Malivlies" type from Karl Meyer, formerly Malimo, and can be obtained from Naue Fasertechnik and Techtex GmbH, among others.
• a Mali fleece is characterized in that a cross fiber fleece is consolidated by the formation of meshes from fibers of the fleece.
• a fleece of the type Kunitvlies or Multiknitvlies can also be used as a carrier.
• a Kunitvlies is characterized in that it results from the processing of a longitudinally oriented nonwoven fabric to form a fabric that has loops on one side and mesh webs or poly fiber folds on the other, but has neither threads nor prefabricated fabrics.
• Such a fleece has also been produced for a long time, for example, on sewing-knitting machines of the "Kunitvlies" type from Karl Mayer. Another characteristic feature of this fleece is that it can absorb high tensile forces in the longitudinal direction as a longitudinal fiber fleece.
• a multi-knit fleece is characterized in comparison to the Kunit fleece in that the fleece is strengthened both on the top and on the bottom by piercing with needles on both sides.
• nonwovens are also suitable as a preliminary product to form an adhesive tape according to the invention.
• a sewing fleece is formed from a fleece material with a plurality of seams running parallel to one another. These seams are created by sewing or sewing continuous textile threads. Sewing-knitting machines of the "Maliwatt" type from Karl Mayer, formerly Malimo, are known for this type of fleece.
• the starting materials for the textile backing are in particular polyester, polypropylene, Viscose or cotton fibers are provided.
• the present invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, but it can be recognized by those skilled in the art a large number of other fibers for production without having to be inventive of the fleece can be used.
• the basic fibers of the nonwoven preferably consist of polyester fresh or polyester tear fibers. Fibers with a fiber length between 10 and 100 are particularly suitable mm and a fiber thickness of 1.5 to 10 dtex.
• a particularly suitable application of the adhesive tape according to the invention is the use as a taping tape for cables, the cables having a PVC-free sheathing.
• the term “cable” is also to be understood to mean further ones, for example plug connections, switches or corrugated tubes and the like, which are used in the area of the cable harness.
• PVC-free cable sheathings made from thermoplastic elastomers, fluoropolymers and polyolefins, but also from all other PVC-free plastics, can be used.
• Polypropylenes, PP / PE copolymers or PP / PE compounds and crosslinked polyethylenes may be mentioned here as non-exclusive examples which can be used in an outstanding manner.
• Acrylic hotmelts can be applied to the carriers mentioned in a variety of ways.
• standard application methods such as direct coating from nozzles, via rollers etc. are also transfer processes with regard to the open structure of textile carriers advantageous, as disclosed in DE 43 24 748 C2.
• the adhesive mass first applied to an endless, anti-adhesive webbing and then in a laminating station ⁇ if necessary using pressure and temperature to improve the mass anchorage - transferred to the carrier material.
• the desired technical adhesive properties such as adhesive strength, tackiness (tack) and cohesion can to some extent be determined by the final radiation chemical Control networking and adapt it to requirements.
• the rolling up of the carrier material too large bales represent the end of the actual coating process.
• Adhesive tapes according to the invention which are produced by cutting or parting from larger bales in the desired dimensions, can be selected for bandaging cables with PVC-free sheaths, with one of the main applications for the production of wire harnesses in vehicles producing a large number of individual cables by wrapping the whole Bundle is bandaged into a strand. Adequate adhesion of the adhesive tape on the cable sheathing and on the back of the carrier are important properties that the adhesive tape must have for a permanent bandaging of such cable harnesses.
• adhesive strengths in particular of more than 1 N / cm, in particular greater than 2 N / cm, are required, and adhesive compositions which are more than 15 g / m 2 in the case of smooth film backings, more than 25 g / m 2 in the case of textile backings, preferably 50 to 200 g / m 2 , depending on the nature of the textile backing.
• Cable sets bandaged with adhesive tapes according to the invention are largely standardized Subject to tests, which are usually found in special automotive standards or find electrical equipment manufacturers - for compatibility testing is often used as a long-term test the so-called "3000 hour test", e.g. according to FORD S95GG 14K024 BA.
• the adhesive tape if it is stuck to the cables at a temperature of at least 100 ° C. and for at least 240 h, does not damage the sheathing.
• the duration is preferably 480 hours, ie 24 days, during which no damage occurs. If the adhesive tape is bonded in applications at a higher temperature, the requirements also increase.
• the adhesive tape / cable composite also withstands temperatures above 125 ° C., particularly preferably 150 ° C.
• test temperatures are 20 to 25 ° C higher chosen as the temperatures that actually occur during bonding to later Hence exclude impairment of the casing.
• suitability level 3000h / 125 ° C the fastest tests take place at 150 ° C for at least 10 days.
• the self-adhesive tapes according to the invention offer With an acrylate adhesive, there is further potential compared to most in the past Use adhesive tapes.
• the polymer polyacrylate that without large proportions of admixing components such as resins, plasticizers etc. and whose cohesion is significantly increased by networking, is compared to natural and synthetic rubber adhesives an improvement in temperature resistance, achieved both in terms of peak and permanent loads.
• the increased temperature resistance of the adhesive comes with a suitable carrier selection can also be used for the entire adhesive tape.
• a plastic that is known for good temperature resistance and in Range of electrical adhesive tapes up to and including temperature class B (130 ° C continuous load), in some cases even class F (155 ° C continuous load) can be used finds, can meet the demands on the tapes for increased durability become.
• a UV-crosslinkable acrylic hot-melt adhesive of the Acronal® DS 3458 type is applied to a textile carrier of the Maliwatt type of nonwoven thread sewing fabric (80 g / m 2 , fineness 22, black, thickness approx. 0.3 mm) using a nozzle coating applied at 50 m / min.
• the temperature load on the carrier is reduced by means of a cooled counter-pressure roller.
• the mass application is approx. 65 g / m 2 .
• a suitable crosslinking is achieved inline prior to winding up by irradiation with a UV system which is equipped with 6 medium-pressure mercury lamps of 120 W / cm.
• Example 2 On the same nonwoven backing as in Example 1, about 50 g / m 2 of the same adhesive is transferred as a film in the transfer process via a roller bar nozzle at a speed of 10 m / min using belt tape, with a pressure in the laminating station to improve the bond strength between the backing and the adhesive layer of 8 bar and a temperature of the counter pressure roller of approx. 70 to 80 ° C is used.
• the melting temperature of the adhesive is approx. 100 ° C.
• the crosslinking is carried out as described in Example 1, but the emitter power is adapted in accordance with the lower coating speed.
• both samples are separated by winding into bars and parting into commercially available rolls of tape of 10 m and checked for their properties.
• bond strengths on steel of> 2.5 N / cm and on the back of> 3.5 N / cm both samples surely meet the requirements for cable winding tapes (the bond strengths are measured at 180 ° according to international standards with a pull-off speed of 300 mm / min).
• test method described is used, which is used routinely by automobile manufacturers such as Renault, Peugeot etc.
• the sample cable sets are stored at 100 ° C for 240 hours or at 150 ° C for 240 hours.
• single-core test cables (preferred wire cross-sections of 0.35 or 0.75 mm 2 ) from different manufacturers are wrapped with the adhesive tape with jackets based on polyolefins; After storage, the adhesive tape is removed, the cable is bent around itself (very high stress due to the narrow bending radius) and examined for damage, namely a visual assessment of embrittlement and cracking, and a breakdown voltage test with 1 kV for 1 minute.
• a comparative example is a known standard adhesive tape for bandaging PVC-coated Cables based on a natural rubber adhesive.

Landscapes

• Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
• Insulating Bodies (AREA)

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• 2000
  • 2000-03-10 DE DE10011788A patent/DE10011788A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2001
  • 2001-02-28 US US09/795,986 patent/US6541707B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-03-03 ES ES01105201T patent/ES2282166T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-03-03 DE DE50112177T patent/DE50112177D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-03-03 EP EP01105201A patent/EP1132927B8/fr not_active Revoked
  • 2001-03-06 JP JP2001061646A patent/JP2001294827A/ja active Pending

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