EP1127248A1 - Dispositif pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre d'un milieu en ecoulement dans une conduite - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre d'un milieu en ecoulement dans une conduite

Info

Publication number
EP1127248A1
EP1127248A1 EP00965813A EP00965813A EP1127248A1 EP 1127248 A1 EP1127248 A1 EP 1127248A1 EP 00965813 A EP00965813 A EP 00965813A EP 00965813 A EP00965813 A EP 00965813A EP 1127248 A1 EP1127248 A1 EP 1127248A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective
line
grid
flowing medium
grille
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00965813A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Lenzing
Wolfgang Mueller
Dieter Tank
Uwe Konzelmann
Henning Marberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1127248A1 publication Critical patent/EP1127248A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
    • G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
    • G01F1/6842—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow with means for influencing the fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for measuring at least one parameter of a medium flowing in a line according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE 44 07 209 C2 can be used in a clean channel of an intake line of an internal combustion engine
  • Measuring body for measuring the mass of the intake air a so-called air mass meter, which has a flow channel which is essentially divided into a measuring channel tapering in the main flow direction and an adjoining S-shaped deflection channel.
  • a measuring element is arranged in the tapered measuring channel.
  • the measuring element can be designed as a micromechanical sensor part with a dielectric membrane.
  • Suction line for example through a wet roadway, may result in contamination of the measuring element. Natural parts of dissolved in this splash water Salts then cause a measurement characteristic curve deviation due to salt crust build-up on the membrane of the sensor part.
  • the tubular body according to the prior art reduces the risk of deposits on the measuring element due to the arrangement of the inlet openings on the lateral surface, but this configuration causes an undesirable pressure drop, which leads to a reduction in the measuring sensitivity.
  • the air mass meter positioned downstream of the wire mesh or perforated plate may show violent scatter in individual speed ranges compared to a reference without a grid, i.e. the measurement of the mass of the flowing medium is subject to large tolerances from component to component under certain circumstances.
  • DE 196 47 081 AI describes grids with different cross-section openings. However, these grids serve to achieve a uniform
  • the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that a measuring element is protected from liquid and solid particles and thus a simple way
  • Measurement characteristic curve deviation is reduced by a grating surface arranged in the line in front of the measuring element or in front of a measuring body or in front of a tubular body with the measuring element or with the measuring body, which forms at least one protective grille, the medium flowing to the measuring element, a gas
  • Liquid mixture influenced in such a way that the liquid and solid particles on a pipe wall or a pipe wall be directed.
  • the gas remains in a center of the line or the tube body and scatter in the measurement signal of the measuring element is reduced by conditioning the flowing medium by generating longitudinal vortices in a flow direction.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the protective grille is an arrangement of one or more cones, the cone tip (s) being / are oriented counter to a main flow direction and the cone (s) being / are arranged symmetrically around a line running parallel to the center line of the line, because this means that flowing medium continues to flow in the main flow direction after passing through the protective grille. It is also advantageous that this line runs through a center of the measuring element or an inlet opening of the measuring body.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the protective grille is a composition of side grilles which form an acute angle with one another.
  • At least one stowage area longitudinal axis of a stowage area runs parallel to a longitudinal axis of the measuring element and both intersect a center line of the line, because as a result the flowing medium continues to flow in the main flow direction after passing through the protective grille.
  • Liquid content it is advantageous to increase the area of the grille by introducing at least two protective grilles into the line, the one protective grille partially protruding into the downstream end of the other protective grille.
  • a small cone angle or a small protective grid inner angle is advantageous at high flow velocities, and a large cone angle or a protective grid inner angle is advantageous at low flow speeds.
  • a protective grille with a leading edge or leading tip against the backflow direction downstream of the measuring element in the line.
  • Notches and triangular wedges in the leading edge of the protective grille are an advantageous further development in order to stabilize or condition the flowing medium in such a way that a reproducible measurement of the air mass is made possible. Scattering occurring during air mass measurement on various flow test benches is minimized. Jumps in the air mass characteristic are greatly reduced.
  • FIG 1 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a protective grille as an enlarged section of Figure
  • FIG. 4 a device seen in the main flow direction
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement of a tubular body in the line
  • Figure 9a, b a protective grille and a device with wedges.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for measuring at least one parameter, in particular an air mass flow, of a medium flowing in a line 3, in particular the intake air mass flow of an internal combustion engine.
  • Parameters of a flowing medium are, for example, the air mass flow for determining an air mass, a temperature, a pressure or a flow rate, which are determined by means of suitable sensors.
  • the necessity of the device 1 for measurements of further parameters is possible.
  • the line 3 has a wall 6 and an inner wall 8.
  • the medium flows in the line 3 in the main flow direction 12, indicated by arrows.
  • the line 3 has a center line 16.
  • a measuring body 20 extends, for example, into the line 3.
  • the measuring body 20 can, for example, be a temperature sensor as known from DE 42 28 484 C2, a pressure sensor as described in DE 31 35 794 AI is used, or an air mass sensor that determines the corresponding parameters.
  • a temperature sensor as known from DE 42 28 484 C2
  • a pressure sensor as described in DE 31 35 794 AI is used
  • an air mass sensor that determines the corresponding parameters.
  • an air mass sensor is selected here as an example, which, for example, in one
  • Measuring body 20 is arranged.
  • the measuring body 20 has, for example, an inlet opening 22 into which the medium flows and an adjoining bypass duct 23.
  • a measuring element 34 is arranged in the bypass duct 23.
  • Such a measuring body 20 is known to the person skilled in the art from DE 197 35 891 AI, which is intended to be part of this disclosure.
  • the air mass drawn in by the internal combustion engine can be changed arbitrarily by a throttle valve (not shown) arranged downstream of the line 3 at a line end 50 in the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine.
  • the measuring body 20 is provided, which is essentially elongated and is cuboid and extends along a longitudinal axis 26.
  • the longitudinal axis 26 extends essentially perpendicular to the center line 16 and thus also to the main flow direction 12.
  • the measuring body 20 is, for example, partly inserted through an insertion opening 29 in the wall 6 and projects with a free end 31 into the line 3.
  • receiving plug end of the measuring body 20 remains outside the line 3.
  • the measuring element 34 is provided in a known manner, which is in contact with the air flowing through the line 3 and by means of which the air mass sucked in by the internal combustion engine is determined.
  • the measuring element 34 can be designed in a known manner, for example in the form of temperature-dependent resistors.
  • a protective grid 38 is arranged at least partially upstream of the measuring element 34 within the line 3 and serves as a first means 37 for manipulating the flowing medium.
  • the protective grid 38 has, for example, two grid surfaces 46.
  • the grating surfaces 46 are produced here, for example, by two side grilles 44 which compose the protective grille
  • Each side rail 44 has, for example, a flat, circular arc or elliptical oval shape.
  • the geometry of the protective grille 38 can also be conical, so that the protective grille 38 is formed by a grating surface 46.
  • a cone tip 41 (FIG. 6b) or a leading edge 40 in a line of contact of the side grilles 44 of the protective grille 38 is the
  • Main flow direction 12 directed in the opposite direction. These 40, 41 form a stowage area 39 of the protective grille because the flowing medium cannot flow through the leading edge 40 or inflow tip 41, but rather jams there.
  • the leading edge 40 runs through, for example
  • the leading edge 40 is also perpendicular to the center line 16, but it can also be oriented differently.
  • the leading edge 40 forms a storage area longitudinal axis 68 which protrudes perpendicularly from the plane of the drawing.
  • At least one inflow tip 41 is preferably also aligned with the center line 16.
  • the protective grid 38 is preferably aligned symmetrically to a line running parallel to the center line 16. This line runs, for example, through a center point of the measuring element 34 or the inlet opening
  • the protective grille 38 here has, for example, a V-shape in cross section and is aligned with its side grilles 44, for example, such that the side grilles 44 emerge perpendicularly from the plane of the drawing.
  • the side grilles 44 are composed such that they enclose an inner protective grille angle ⁇ which is an acute angle.
  • the flat grille 44 for example, closes one
  • a flow straightener can also be installed behind the measuring body 20 in line 3.
  • the protective grid 38 can be upstream, for example, in a ring can be integrated, which contains a second flow straightener for the medium flowing in line 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a protective grille 38 as an enlarged one
  • the protective grid 38 has grid openings 53 which have an opening center line 54.
  • the grid openings 53 do not necessarily have to have a straight opening center line 54. With the center line 16 of the line 3 closes the
  • the opening center lines 54 of the lattice openings 53 need not be parallel to one another.
  • the lattice openings 53 which are located in the area of the inner wall 8 can have a larger angle ⁇ than the lattice openings 53 which are located in the area of the center line 16.
  • the grid openings 53 can thus be suitably adapted to a speed profile of the flowing medium.
  • the lattice openings have a certain lattice opening distance 60 from one another.
  • the grid opening distance 60 does not necessarily have to be the same for all grid openings 53.
  • the grid openings can be adapted to the flowing medium in order to obtain a uniform and / or focused flow.
  • the side grille 44 Due to the inclination of the side grille 44, the side grille 44 has a downstream end 63. Between the downstream end 63 and the inner wall 8 of the line 3, for example, an open outflow opening 66 is provided, which is formed either by the fact that the downstream end 63 ends at a distance from the inner wall 8 or by the fact that the downstream end 63 to Inner wall 8 protrudes, but the outflow opening 66 is recessed from the grating 38, 44 or the inner wall 8.
  • both a close-meshed wire mesh is possible, as well as a thin plate which has grid openings 53 arranged in the form of a grid.
  • Plastic, metal, ceramic or glass can be used as the material for the wire mesh as well as for the plate-shaped protective grille.
  • the plate-shaped protective grid made of plastic can be produced, for example, by injection molding or by introducing the grid openings by means of a material-removing process.
  • the plate-shaped protective grille made of metal can, for example, be stamped from sheet metal,
  • edge elements webs surrounding the grid openings are slightly inclined relative to the grid surface 46 by bending.
  • a protective grid 38 which has a high surface roughness, increases the wetting with liquid and thus the adhesion.
  • a liquid film is formed which allows impinging liquid particles to slide off.
  • the material of the protective grid 38 also has an influence on the exposure to liquid or solid particles due to its heat capacity and electrostatic effect.
  • Protective grids 38 form, in contrast to round webs a larger contact area is available.
  • the intake air entering the line 3 contains dirt particles and liquid droplets, some of them accumulate on the grille surface 46 and mainly move to the downstream end 63 of the protective grille 38, both on a front surface 70 of the grille surface 46 opposite the flow direction 12 , as well as on a rear surface 71 lying in the direction of flow 12. This is from the downstream end 63
  • Liquid accumulation is taken along by the intake air, for example from the front surface 70, into the outflow opening 66 and adheres predominantly to the inner wall 8.
  • the intake air conveys the liquid, which is also provided with the finest dirt particles, in the form of the finest liquid droplets or a thin liquid film, further along the inner wall in the flow direction 12 past the measuring body 20 and element 34 to the pipe end 50 downstream of the measuring body 20.
  • the protective grille 38 can, depending on what is in the air
  • Liquid quantity can be carried out in several construction variants.
  • the inner grille angle ß the inner grille angle ß
  • the mesh size the material to be considered.
  • the flow angle ⁇ of the protective grille 38, 44 enables the deflection of the liquid particles as a function of the flow velocity
  • Inlet angle ⁇ should be flatter with increasing particle speed.
  • the mesh size finally determines the size of the drops to be rejected.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show different possible arrangements for the protective grille 38 of the line 3.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show a top view of the device in the direction of the longitudinal axis 26 into the line 3.
  • the protective grille 38 has been rotated by 90 ° around the center line 16 according to FIG.
  • Figure 3a shows a protective grille 38 that, for example, seen in the main flow direction 12, extends completely in front of the measuring body 20 or the measuring element 34 and is not extended to the inner wall 8.
  • the outflow opening 66 is then through a free area between the downstream end 63 of the side grilles 44 and the inner wall 8 is formed.
  • Figure 3b shows a further arrangement possibility.
  • the protective grid 38 is only partially in front of the measuring body 20 or the measuring element 34 and extends here, for example, to the inner wall 8.
  • the outflow opening 66 is then formed, for example, in the grid 38, 44, but the inner wall 8 can also be present.
  • FIG. 4 shows a device 1, for example, as seen in FIG. 3 in the main flow direction 12
  • the measuring element 34 is, for example, behind the inlet opening 22 in the bypass channel 23 of the measuring body 20. Die
  • the leading edge 40 of the protective grid 38 runs here, for example, parallel to the longitudinal axis 26 of the measuring body 20 in the cross-section of the line 3. It is sufficient, for example, if the inlet opening 22 is covered by the protective grille 38 from the medium flowing in the main flow direction 12.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5e show exemplary embodiments for different operating conditions of the protective grille 38.
  • Multiple arrangement of protective grilles 38 here for example a double arrangement, is used with a high liquid content in the flowing medium (FIG. 5a). Liquid or
  • Solid particles that are not rejected by the first flow grille seen in the main flow direction 12 are rejected by the second protective grille 38.
  • the second protective grille 38 is located, for example, partially in the first protective grille. This is not necessary, however, if the two protective grids 38 are pushed so close together that a drama forms between the respective side rails 44 increases the adhesion of a liquid particle on the side rails 44 due to the larger contact area.
  • Inlet angle ⁇ of the downstream protective grille can be adapted to the speed changed by the preceding protective grille 38.
  • Protective grids 38 are possible, for example with a protective grille 38 with four side grilles arranged as W, or through the use of conical protective grilles 38. Further combinations of protective grilles 38 with different geometries are also conceivable.
  • a protective grille 38 is provided which is comparable to that shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and which is arranged downstream of the measuring element 34 and has an upstream edge 40 opposing the backflow 74, as a result of which such effects are minimized.
  • the protective grille inner angle ⁇ of the protective grille 38 for the backflow need not be identical to that of the other protective grille 38 for the main flow direction 12. This is expedient since the speed profile, speed and liquid content differ in the backflow and in the main flow.
  • An optimal shape of the protective grille 38 also depends on the flow velocities of the medium in the line 3. At high flow velocities, a small inflow angle ⁇ is usually used in flow mechanics. Thus, for example, a small inner protective grille angle ⁇ is used for the protective grille 38 (FIG. 5c) and a larger inner grille angle ⁇ is used at low flow velocities (FIG. 5d). A larger extension of the protective grid 38 in the main flow direction 12 with a small one
  • Protective grille inner angle ß results from the fact that one certain coverage of the line 3 in cross section, ie a protective effect, wants to achieve.
  • the grille area 46 can also be enlarged in that, in principle, at least two protective grilles are introduced next to one another in a W shape into the line 3, which have a common leading edge 40 approximately at the height of the center line 16 (FIG. 5e) and are formed from four side rails 44, 44 '.
  • the two grating surfaces 44 ′ closer to the center line 16 are curved here, for example.
  • the velocity of the inflowing medium may be greater without the flow velocity downstream of the protective grid 38 being too great for the measuring element 34.
  • the grid surfaces 44, 44 ' can also be conical, i.e.
  • the protective grille 38 is formed, for example, by two or more cones, the cone tips of which are not directed in the opposite direction to the main flow direction 12, that is to say point downstream.
  • the protective grille inner angle ⁇ of the side grille 44 'of this example can differ from the protective grille inner angle ⁇ of the side grille 44,44'.
  • the speed profile in the center of line 3 and at the edge can thus be influenced in a targeted manner.
  • FIG. 6a shows flow lines 78 forming a speed profile, viewed in the main flow direction 12, in front of and behind a protective grille 38 which corresponds, for example, to that from FIG. 3a or 3b.
  • the flowing medium strikes the leading edge 40 and the side grilles 44 of the protective grille 38.
  • the grating openings 53 deflect the direction of flow of the medium during a certain flow path and bundle it in accordance with the effect of an optical lens system. Downstream of the
  • the deflection flow path again runs the flow lines 78 almost parallel to the center line 16.
  • FIG. 6 b shows the flow lines 78 for a further exemplary embodiment of a protective grille 38.
  • the protective grille 38 is, for example, a cone and has a conical surface 81 and an inflow tip 41.
  • the conical surface 81 is flat, for example, but can also be curved.
  • the protective grid 38 acts as a collecting line, similar to an optical lens, i. H. the streamlines of the inflow in front of the grating are focused behind this, and thus the flow velocity there is increased.
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of a tubular body 82, for example at a radial distance from the line 3 and around which the medium flows, with a smaller cross section in the line 3.
  • the measuring body 20 extends into the tubular body 82 and the measuring element 34 is located in the Tubular body 82.
  • Tubular body 82 is fastened in line 3, for example, by struts 83.
  • the protective grid 38 is arranged upstream of the tubular body 82. It is also conceivable to arrange the protective grid 38 in the tubular body 82.
  • the intake air also conveys the liquid, which is also provided with the finest dirt particles in the form of the finest liquid droplets or a thin liquid film, further along the Inner wall in the direction of flow 12 past the measuring body 20 and element 34 past the pipe end 50 downstream of the measuring body 20, from which the accumulated liquid separates and is conveyed by the surrounding flowing intake air internal combustion engine.
  • the notches 85 In order to condition and stabilize the flow through the protective grid 38, the notches 85 generate a so-called longitudinal vortex flow 88 as a second means 84 for stabilizing the flowing medium (FIG. 8a), the course of which is shown schematically by lines.
  • the longitudinal vortex flow 88 is generated in the same way as in a delta wing of an aircraft by the flow around the front edges.
  • Several notches 85 can be provided along the entire leading edge 40. Ideally, there are notches 85, for example, only in the central region of the leading edge 40, e.g. in five to ten different positions.
  • the distances between the individual notches 85 are preferably uniform (FIG. 8b).
  • the notches 85 extend to a depth t in the direction of the measuring body 20 and have an opening angle ⁇ (FIG. 8b).
  • longitudinal vortices 88 is the application on the leading edge 40 of small pyramid-shaped or conical wedges 92, as an element 91 with a stabilizing leading edge 93, the tip of which is oriented counter to the main flow direction.
  • FIG. 9a shows a protective grid 38 with a wedge 92. Similar dimensions and arrangement along the leading edge 40 as with the notches 85 should also be used with the pyramidal or conical wedges 92 (FIG. 9b). A side surface of the wedge 92 that is flowed against by the flowing medium can also be curved, for example.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) pour la mesure d'au moins un paramètre d'un milieu en écoulement dans une conduite (3), notamment pour la mesure de la masse d'un milieu en écoulement, par exemple de la masse de l'air d'aspiration d'un moteur à combustion interne. Les particules liquides et solides contenues dans la conduite (3) influent sur un comportement à courbe caractéristique d'un élément de mesure (34) servant à déterminer un paramètre du milieu en écoulement. Une grille de protection (38) selon l'invention écarte les liquides et les particules solides de l'élément de mesure en les dirigeant sur une paroi interne (8) de la conduite (3). En outre, le dispositif (1) selon l'invention stabilise le milieu en écoulement par génération de remous longitudinaux dans un sens d'écoulement.
EP00965813A 1999-09-07 2000-09-05 Dispositif pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre d'un milieu en ecoulement dans une conduite Withdrawn EP1127248A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19942501A DE19942501A1 (de) 1999-09-07 1999-09-07 Vorrichtung zur Messung von zumindest einem Parameter eines in einer Leitung strömenden Mediums
DE19942501 1999-09-07
PCT/DE2000/003046 WO2001018498A1 (fr) 1999-09-07 2000-09-05 Dispositif pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre d'un milieu en ecoulement dans une conduite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1127248A1 true EP1127248A1 (fr) 2001-08-29

Family

ID=7920984

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00965813A Withdrawn EP1127248A1 (fr) 1999-09-07 2000-09-05 Dispositif pour la mesure d'au moins un parametre d'un milieu en ecoulement dans une conduite

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6684692B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1127248A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003508773A (fr)
KR (1) KR100702817B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19942501A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001018498A1 (fr)

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DE10015918A1 (de) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von zumindest einem Parameter eines in einer Leitung strömenden Mediums
DE10215514A1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-10-23 Pierburg Gmbh Schutzeinrichtung für einen Sensor
DE10348400A1 (de) * 2003-07-14 2005-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung wenigstens eines Parameters eines in einer Leitung strömenden Mediums
US7305877B2 (en) 2003-07-14 2007-12-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for determining at least one parameter of a medium flowing in a line having diversion surface
TWI220540B (en) * 2003-07-18 2004-08-21 Au Optronics Corp Buffer of pressure gauge sensor used in dry etching reaction chamber
DE102004008184B4 (de) * 2004-02-19 2006-07-20 Audi Ag Luftmassenmesser
DE102004055816B4 (de) * 2004-11-18 2006-11-16 Hydrometer Gmbh Fluidzähler
JP4826140B2 (ja) * 2005-05-30 2011-11-30 株式会社デンソー 流量測定装置
JP2007155533A (ja) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-21 Denso Corp 空気流量測定装置
US7404337B2 (en) * 2006-01-09 2008-07-29 Fluid Energy Conversion, Inc. Mass flow meter with fluid lens
DE102007021025A1 (de) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Continental Automotive Gmbh Luftmassenmesser
JP6127395B2 (ja) * 2012-06-29 2017-05-17 三菱自動車工業株式会社 センサの保護構造
US20160161307A1 (en) * 2014-12-05 2016-06-09 General Electric Company System and method for metering gas
DE102017202298A1 (de) 2017-02-14 2018-08-16 Mahle International Gmbh Strömungsleiteinrichtung zum Beeinflussen einer Luftströmung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001018498A9 (fr) 2003-03-13
KR20020001706A (ko) 2002-01-09
WO2001018498A1 (fr) 2001-03-15
US6684692B1 (en) 2004-02-03
KR100702817B1 (ko) 2007-04-06
JP2003508773A (ja) 2003-03-04
DE19942501A1 (de) 2001-03-29

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