EP1123482B1 - Ammunition with a shell whose wall consists of combustible or consumable wound body - Google Patents

Ammunition with a shell whose wall consists of combustible or consumable wound body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1123482B1
EP1123482B1 EP99955854A EP99955854A EP1123482B1 EP 1123482 B1 EP1123482 B1 EP 1123482B1 EP 99955854 A EP99955854 A EP 99955854A EP 99955854 A EP99955854 A EP 99955854A EP 1123482 B1 EP1123482 B1 EP 1123482B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wound package
filaments
ammunition
projectile
threads
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99955854A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1123482A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz Riess
Erich Muskat
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RWS GmbH
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RUAG Ammotec GmbH
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Publication of EP1123482A1 publication Critical patent/EP1123482A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/181—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases consisting of a combustible casing wall and a metal base; Connectors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ammunition according to the preamble of the first Claim.
  • a rocket body is known from US Pat. No. 3,745,927, the wall of which is made of Nitrocellulose threads are wound. An adaptation of the structure of the wall different loads over the length of the winding body is not described.
  • a jacket in FR-A 2 488 390 a jacket is described as a winding body, which in Mainly suitable for projectiles, grenades and bombs. It consists of two Layers that have been wound from mineral fibers, with the fibers in the outer Position at an angle of 90 ° and the fibers in the position below an angle of 0 ° to the axis of rotation of the body.
  • propellant charges which consist of a winding body Nitrocellulose threads are made. When used for projectiles is the bullet sleeve made of metal.
  • the invention presented in DE-PS 305 157 relates to the connection of a Gun bullet with a metal cartridge case by means of a ring slightly melting metal.
  • US Patent 5,048,421 relates to the closure of a cartridge from a flammable material with a bottom made of metal, which is threaded on the end the cartridge can be screwed on.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide ammunition with a combustible or to introduce edible bobbins, the threads in the Windings optimally to the different possible loads and that desired burning behavior are stored in a coordinated manner.
  • the winding body according to the invention is in one piece. On his sleeve mouth, the Adaptation area for the floor, the floor is inserted and attached to his on the other end he carries a stub with the primer. Due to the one-piece training advantageously eliminates the separate manufacture of the sleeve halves and a process step for assembling the sleeve halves.
  • the filaments are deposited over the length of the winding body uneven.
  • the winding density that is the number, how many times that of the thread or the threads are deposited over the length of the bobbin is on the actual and possible loads as well as the desired Burning behavior coordinated. For example, the higher the pressure load on one Sleeve in one area, the higher the number of thread deposits in this Area selected.
  • the winding density is essentially influenced by the crossing angle.
  • the Crossing angle is when the threads are deposited on the circumference in a crossing manner of the winding body the angle between two ends to be stacked in the depositing direction Threads in a so-called double layer.
  • a double layer consists of one layer Threads that have been deposited towards one end of the bobbin are and the overlying layer of threads that are in the opposite Direction, towards the other end of the winding body are. Since the threads on the circumference of the winding body in a helical shape
  • the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ammunition determines the slope of the Put down the crossing angle. With a slight slope, the crossing angle is also small, also large on a steep incline.
  • the strength and Resilience of a winding body and its burning behavior are additional influenced by the winding technique. For example, a thread alone or several threads running parallel to each other at a small distance from each other Be wound.
  • the crossing angle of the threads is Winding body in the adaptation area for the floor and in the adaptation area for the Stub sleeve smaller than in the intermediate area of the winding body.
  • the crossing angle in Adaption area of the floor may be smaller than in the adaption area of the End socket.
  • the shell of a tank ammunition has a mass of several kilograms. So that the projectile is held securely in the sleeve, the Wall of the sleeve have a corresponding load capacity. This is through a denser thread deposit than in the rest of the package, that is achieved by one smaller distance between the threads placed side by side, by a smaller Crossing angle. The stub sleeve loads the winding body less than that Bullet.
  • the crossing angles can be, for example, at ammunition with a caliber of 120 mm should be distributed over the winding body as follows: In Adaption area of the floor approximately between 15 ° and 30 °, in the adaption area the stub sleeve approximately between 30 ° and 50 ° and in the central area of the Winding body up to 90 °. However, the invention is based on these gradations and on the limit values mentioned.
  • the crossing angles are on that Caliber and the purpose of the ammunition and thus essentially on the Match diameter and length of the sleeve.
  • the crossing angle can be in a winding body consisting of several double layers exists, the crossing angles in the respective double layers from each other differ.
  • the outermost layers can withstand a higher pressure load than the inner layers. This causes a radial deformation of the sleeve when the propellant charge burns up higher resistance opposed, so the effect of the propellant charge in axial Direction towards the floor is supported.
  • a particularly high strength of a layer of the winding body is then achieved if the threads are intertwined at least within a double layer.
  • the walls of a sleeve built up from cross layers of the threads individual thread layers, also in a double layer, separately one above the other.
  • the threads can be intertwined, the Crossing angle can also deviate from 90 °, as is common in fabrics.
  • the braiding pattern can affect the load on the sleeve as well as the burning behavior of the winding body can be matched.
  • the walls of the sleeves, their winding bodies have a structure of intertwined threads have a special high strength and are therefore particularly suitable for large projectiles, for example for tank ammunition.
  • the spaces between the threads and the thread layers be at least partially filled with an explosive.
  • the unfilled ones Spaces between the threads and the individual thread layers form pores and can help support the combustion or consumption of the bobbin be used.
  • the oxygen in the remaining pores supports the trapped air the combustion.
  • the pores also offer one Area of attack for the propellant gases, which means the erosion or Consumption accelerates. Burning in this context means that the Components of the winding body actively participate in the combustion process.
  • Suitable materials for the threads and Compositions of the blowing and binding agents are from DE 38 25 581 C1 known.
  • the winding technique it is possible to control the filing of the threads so that especially in the adaptation areas for the projectile or the stub sleeve be shaped so that a simple assembly of the ammunition is possible.
  • the adaptation area for the projectile for example, a flange-shaped thickening can be formed.
  • the adaptation can be configured by means of an adapter, one Storey receiving adapter, which can be integrated into the winding body, the means that, for example, already in the manufacture of the winding body on the Wickeldom is stuck and overwrapped.
  • Winding body may be required in the adaptation areas, for example grinding or spinning.
  • the stub sleeve can be glued to the winding body or according to one of the known Joining techniques can be mechanically connected to it.
  • the stub is like this built that the end portion of their cylindrical wall for attaching the Coil is provided.
  • the stub sleeve is with this part in the Pushed in the winding body.
  • the remaining part of the stub sleeve is like this designed that it contains a sealing ring with which a gas leakage, that is, a The propellant gas escapes against the direction of conveyance of the projectile on the floor over the sleeve, is prevented.
  • one or more sealing rings can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a winding body 1 in a simplified, schematic representation. It is part of the shell of a large-caliber ammunition that is not fully shown here, for example caliber 120 mm.
  • the winding body 1 is rotationally symmetrical to the axis 2 of the ammunition. In the present exemplary embodiment, it is composed of double layers crossing threads 3 built.
  • the winding body 1 has a cylindrical part 4 and a conical part 5.
  • the cylindrical part 4 essentially envelops the Propellant charge, the conical part 5 takes up the floor.
  • the view of the winding body 1 shows that the crossing angle 6 over its length are different sizes.
  • the threads 3 are with different pitches been wrapped. If the threads 3 are wound with a slight pitch, cross each other with an acute crossing angle 6a or 6b.
  • This Winding structure is particularly in the end regions 7 and 8 of the winding body 1 preferred, in the adaptation area 7 for the stub sleeve, not shown here for example with crossing angles 6b of approximately 40 ° and in the adaptation area 8 for the projectile not shown here, for example with crossing angles 6a of about 20 °. In these areas, the winding body 1 is attached by the Stub sleeve or the projectile exposed to greater loads.
  • the increased The number of threads 3 and their orientation during storage increases the compressive strength the wall of the sleeve, the winding body 1, in these areas.
  • the crossing angles 6c are larger, here by 75 ° because the pitch of the deposited threads is also greater.
  • the gaps 28 between the threads 3 become larger. They can remain as pores or at least partially filled with explosive.
  • With growing Crossing angle takes the tensile strength of the winding body in the direction of axis 2 the ammunition.
  • By specifying the crossing angle that is, by the The predefined pitch of the threads when depositing can be an optimal structure of the winding body can be achieved, which is due to the loads and the erosion in the individual areas.
  • a thickening 20 of the winding body 1 is provided, for example in Form of a flange used to fasten the projectile in the sleeve becomes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a winding body 1 in which the threads 3 are intertwined within a double layer 25.
  • the crossing angle 6 is 90 ° in the present exemplary embodiment, as in a fabric.
  • the Spaces 28 of the braid 9 can remain as pores or at least partially filled with explosives. With the degree of integration the threads 3 rise together due to the increased friction of the threads among themselves both the radial and the axial strength. Even the density of the Braid 9 affects the strength.
  • Winding bodies with this structure are For example, can be used advantageously for ammunition with thin-walled sleeves and large caliber ammunition. Instead of individual threads 3, several can be narrow adjacent threads are intertwined. For example With 120 mm caliber ammunition, nine threads can be which form a ribbon about 25 mm wide, with a slope of 100 mm one revolution of the winding body to be deposited to the winding pattern shown produce.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through an artillery ammunition 10 with a training projectile 11.
  • the complete sleeve 12 consists of the winding body 1 and the stub sleeve 13 with the initiator 14.
  • the stub sleeve 13 is made of metal, a solid Plastic or other combustible material.
  • the stub sleeve 13 is in the adaptation area 7 of the winding body 1 with its adaptation area 7a inserted and glued there with the winding body 1.
  • the connection of The winding body and stub sleeve is shown enlarged again as a detail.
  • This sealing ring can be made of plastic. It has a sealing lip 18 which is directed radially outwards and in the firing direction and to serve as a gas seal.
  • the interior 19 of the sleeve is part of the practice floor 11 and how not shown here, filled with the propellant charge.
  • a thickening of Sleeve mouth provided in the form of a flange 20.
  • Practice floor 11 is Can be dismantled into at least two parts, into a lower part 21 with the stabilizing wings 22 and a head 23. The head 23 can be screwed to the lower part 21 or in connectable in another form.
  • the lower part 21 is inserted so far into the sleeve 12 inserted until that the conical edge 24 in the adaptation area 8 on the winding body 1 is present. Then the head 23 is screwed on until it lies firmly against the flange 20. As a result, the practice floor 11 with its conical edge 24 in Adaptation area 8 fixed in the sleeve 12 by means of a clamp fit.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of the conical part 5 of the winding body 1 the adaptation area 8 for the floor, partly in section.
  • a top view of a double layer 25 of the winding body 1 can be seen below axis 2 .
  • the Crossing angle of the crossing threads 2 take in the direction of Adaptation area 8 of the projectile from the larger crossing angle 6c to smaller crossing angle 6a.
  • the flange 10 shows an almost parallel winding of the Threads 2.
  • Above the axis 2, the winding body 1 is cut. The For the sake of clarity, only two double layers 25 are shown here. Every layer of Thread 2 is over the other.
  • Threads with a binder or the filling of the gaps 28 between the threads with explosive are not shown Threads with a binder or the filling of the gaps 28 between the threads with explosive.
  • the flange 20 is as a thickening on the end of the conical part 5 thanks to additional layers of thread lying one above the other, running almost parallel 26 have been formed.
  • a Post-processing especially in the adaptation areas 7 and 8, for example by overturning or sanding the surfaces to keep them clean and level To create adhesive or contact surfaces.
  • FIG. 30 Another example of an artillery ammunition 30 is shown in FIG.
  • Features corresponding to the previous embodiment are shown with the same reference numerals. Agreement regarding the previous embodiment exists with regard to the design of the Winding body 1.
  • the present Embodiment is a warhead.
  • the stub sleeve 31 is in the present embodiment by means of a Clamp connection connected to the winding body 1.
  • a clamping ring is located in a first groove 33 in the adaptation area 7a of the stub sleeve 31 34 used the clamping connection between the winding body 1 and stub sleeve 31 manufactures.
  • a sealing ring 36 for example a rubber O-ring, around the Protect propellant charge from moisture.
  • the stub sleeve 31 is comparable to the previous one Embodiment, a groove 37 in which a sealing ring 17 with sealing lip 18th is used, which is to serve as a gas seal.
  • a groove 37 in which a sealing ring 17 with sealing lip 18th is used which is to serve as a gas seal.
  • the stub sleeve bottom 38 is the Initial igniter 14 used.
  • the installation of the warhead 32 in the winding body 1 takes place, in contrast to previous embodiment, by means of a projectile adapter 39.
  • This projectile adapter 39 is already in the manufacture of Winding body 1 integrated into the winding body.
  • the Projectile adapter pushed onto the mandrel on which the winding body is produced, and covered with the thread layers.
  • the assembly of the Warhead 32 takes place in such a way that first the upper part 40 of the warhead 32 is inserted without the stabilizing wing 41 in the winding body 1.
  • the bullet adapter 39 for example Glue or, as in the present embodiment, by a screw respectively.
  • Glue for example Glue
  • a thread 42 is provided for this is in the floor adapter 39 and on the Warhead top 32 a thread 42 is provided.

Abstract

The invention aims at improving the quality of ammunition having a shell whose wall consists of a combustible or consumable wound body with at least one double layer of crossed threads. The wound body (1) forms a single piece. The winding density of the wound body (1) varies along the length of the wound body (1) so that distribution of the threads (3) optimally matches the charge of the shell (12).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Munition entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to ammunition according to the preamble of the first Claim.

Munition mit einer Hülse, deren Wand aus einem verbrennbaren oder verzehrbaren Wickelkörper mit mindestens einer Doppellage sich kreuzender Fäden besteht, wobei die Fäden mit einem Bindemittel getränkt oder überzogen sind, ist aus der DE-OS 2 424 900 bekannt. Der Veröffentlichung nach weisen die einzelnen Fadenlagen hinsichtlich der Fadenablage einen homogenen Aufbau auf. Die Adaption des Geschosses und der Stummelhülse in den Wickelkörper der Hülse ist nicht beschrieben.Ammunition with a case, the wall of which is made of a combustible or consumable There is a winding body with at least one double layer of crossing threads, wherein the threads are soaked or coated with a binder is from DE-OS 2,424,900. According to the publication, the individual thread layers show with regard to the thread deposit on a homogeneous structure. The adaptation of the Bullet and the stub in the winding body of the sleeve is not described.

Aus der US-PS 3,348,445 ist es bekannt, die Treibladung aus Fäden zu wickeln, die zuvor aus einem Pulvergemisch, dem Explosivstoff, hergestellt worden sind. Die Pulvermischungen werden beispielsweise in Azeton gelöst und durch Spinndüsen zu Fäden geformt, getrocknet und anschließend aufgewickelt. Dabei beschränkt sich die Wicklung nicht nur auf wenige Lagen, sondern es werden komplette Spulen gewickelt. Diese können sowohl in herkömmliche Hülsen als Treibladung eingesetzt werden, als auch selbst den Munitionskörper bilden. Wie das Geschoß in diese Wickelkörper eingesetzt ist, ist nicht dargestellt und beschrieben.From US-PS 3,348,445 it is known to wind the propellant charge from threads that have previously been made from a powder mixture, the explosive. The Powder mixtures are dissolved in acetone, for example, and added through spinnerets Threads formed, dried and then wound up. The is limited Winding not only on a few layers, but complete coils are wound. These can be used both in conventional sleeves as a propellant charge also form the ammunition itself. Like the bullet in this winding body is not shown and described.

Aus der US-PS 3,745,927 ist ein Raketenkörper bekannt, dessen Wand aus Nitrocellulose-Fäden gewickelt ist. Eine Anpassung des Aufbaus der Wand an unterschiedliche Belastungen über die Länge des Wickelkörpers ist nicht beschrieben.A rocket body is known from US Pat. No. 3,745,927, the wall of which is made of Nitrocellulose threads are wound. An adaptation of the structure of the wall different loads over the length of the winding body is not described.

In der FR-A 2 488 390 ist ein Mantel als Wickelkörper beschrieben, der im Wesentlichen für Geschosse, Granaten und Bomben geeignet ist. Er besteht aus zwei Lagen, die aus Mineralfasern gewickelt worden sind, wobei die Fasern in der äußeren Lage unter einem Winkel von 90° und die Fasern in der darunter liegenden Lage in einen Winkel von 0° zur Rotationsachse des Körpers abgelegt sind.In FR-A 2 488 390 a jacket is described as a winding body, which in Mainly suitable for projectiles, grenades and bombs. It consists of two Layers that have been wound from mineral fibers, with the fibers in the outer Position at an angle of 90 ° and the fibers in the position below an angle of 0 ° to the axis of rotation of the body.

Aus der US-PS 3,304,867 sind Treibsätze bekannt, die als Wickelkörper aus Nitrocellulose-Fäden hergestellt sind. Wenn sie für Geschosse verwendet werden, ist die Geschosshülse aus Metall.From US Pat. No. 3,304,867, propellant charges are known which consist of a winding body Nitrocellulose threads are made. When used for projectiles is the bullet sleeve made of metal.

Die in der DE-PS 305 157 vorgestellte Erfindung betrifft die Verbindung eines Geschütz-Geschosses mit einer Kartuschenhülse aus Metall mittels eines Ringes aus leicht schmelzendem Metall.The invention presented in DE-PS 305 157 relates to the connection of a Gun bullet with a metal cartridge case by means of a ring slightly melting metal.

Das US-Patent 5,048,421 betrifft den Verschluss einer Kartusche aus einem verbrennbaren Werkstoff mit einem Boden aus Metall, der auf ein Gewinde am Ende der Kartusche aufschraubbar ist.US Patent 5,048,421 relates to the closure of a cartridge from a flammable material with a bottom made of metal, which is threaded on the end the cartridge can be screwed on.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Munition mit einem verbrennbaren oder verzehrbaren Wickelkörper vorzustellen, wobei über seine Länge die Fäden in den Wicklungen optimal auf die unterschiedlichen möglichen Belastungen und das gewünschte Abbrandverhalten abgestimmt abgelegt sind. The object of the present invention is to provide ammunition with a combustible or to introduce edible bobbins, the threads in the Windings optimally to the different possible loads and that desired burning behavior are stored in a coordinated manner.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mit Hilfe der Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht.This problem is solved with the help of the characteristics of first claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the Claimed claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wickelkörper ist einteilig. An seinem Hülsenmund, dem Adaptionsbereich für das Geschoß, ist das Geschoß eingesetzt und an seinem anderen Ende trägt er eine Stummelhülse mit der Zündladung. Aufgrund der einteiligen Ausbildung entfällt vorteilhaft die getrennte Herstellung der Hülsenhälften und ein Verfahrensschritt zum Zusammenbau der Hülsenhälften.The winding body according to the invention is in one piece. On his sleeve mouth, the Adaptation area for the floor, the floor is inserted and attached to his on the other end he carries a stub with the primer. Due to the one-piece training advantageously eliminates the separate manufacture of the sleeve halves and a process step for assembling the sleeve halves.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Ablage der Fäden über die Länge des Wickelkörpers ungleichmäßig. Die Wickeldichte, daß heißt die Anzahl, wievielmal der der Faden oder die Fäden über die Länge des Wickelkörpers abgelegt werden, ist auf die tatsächlichen und möglichen Belastungen sowie auf das gewünschte Abbrandverhalten abgestimmt. Je höher beispielsweise die Druckbelastung auf eine Hülse in einem Bereich ist, desto höher wird die Anzahl der Fadenablagen in diesem Bereich gewählt.According to the invention, the filaments are deposited over the length of the winding body uneven. The winding density, that is the number, how many times that of the thread or the threads are deposited over the length of the bobbin is on the actual and possible loads as well as the desired Burning behavior coordinated. For example, the higher the pressure load on one Sleeve in one area, the higher the number of thread deposits in this Area selected.

Die Wickeldichte wird im wesentlichen durch den Kreuzungswinkel beeinflußt. Der Kreuzungswinkel ist bei einer sich kreuzenden Ablage der Fäden auf dem Umfang des Wickelkörpers der Winkel zwischen zwei in Ablagerichtung aufeinaderzulaufende Fäden in einer sogenannten Doppellage. Eine Doppellage besteht aus einer Lage Fäden, die in Richtung auf das eine Ende des Wickelkörpers hin abgelegt worden sind und der darüberliegenden Lage von Fäden, die in die entgegengesetzte Richtung, in Richtung zum anderen Ende des Wickelkörpers hin, abgelegt worden sind. Da die Fäden auf dem Umfang des Wickelkörpers schraubenlinienförmig in Richtung der Längsachse der Munition abgelegt werden, bestimmt die Steigung der Ablage den Kreuzungswinkel. Bei einer geringen Steigung ist der Kreuzungswinkel ebenfalls klein, bei einer großen Steigung ebenfalls groß. Die Festigkeit und Belastbarkeit eines Wickelkörpers sowie sein Abbrandverhalten werden zusätzlich durch die Wickeltechnik beeinflußt. So können beispielsweise ein Faden allein oder mehrere, mit geringem Abstand voneinander parallel verlaufende Fäden zu einem Wickelkörper gewickelt werden.The winding density is essentially influenced by the crossing angle. The Crossing angle is when the threads are deposited on the circumference in a crossing manner of the winding body the angle between two ends to be stacked in the depositing direction Threads in a so-called double layer. A double layer consists of one layer Threads that have been deposited towards one end of the bobbin are and the overlying layer of threads that are in the opposite Direction, towards the other end of the winding body are. Since the threads on the circumference of the winding body in a helical shape The direction of the longitudinal axis of the ammunition determines the slope of the Put down the crossing angle. With a slight slope, the crossing angle is also small, also large on a steep incline. The strength and Resilience of a winding body and its burning behavior are additional influenced by the winding technique. For example, a thread alone or several threads running parallel to each other at a small distance from each other Be wound.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Kreuzungswinkel der Fäden des Wickelkörpers im Adaptionsbereich für das Geschoß und im Adaptionsbereich für die Stummelhülse kleiner als im dazwischenliegenden Bereich des Wickelkörpers. Mit der Veränderung der Kreuzungswinkel wird auf die unterschiedlichen Belastungen innerhalb der Wand der Hülse Rücksicht genommen. Insbesondere in den Adaptionsbereichen für Geschoß und Stummelhülse entstehen erhöhte Zug- und Druckbelastungen. Im Bereich kleiner Kreuzungswinkel wird der Wickelkörper stabiler, insbesondere gegen Druckbelastungen in radialer Richtung. Im mittleren Bereich der Hülse überwiegt die Zugbelastung. Das wird durch einen größeren Kreuzungswinkel der Fäden dort berücksichtigt.In an advantageous development of the invention, the crossing angle of the threads is Winding body in the adaptation area for the floor and in the adaptation area for the Stub sleeve smaller than in the intermediate area of the winding body. With the Changing the crossing angle is based on the different loads respect inside the wall of the sleeve. Especially in the Adaptation areas for the projectile and stub sleeve result in increased traction and Pressure loads. In the area of small crossing angles, the winding body becomes more stable, especially against pressure loads in the radial direction. In the middle of the The sleeve outweighs the tensile load. This is due to a larger crossing angle of threads taken into account there.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Kreuzungswinkel im Adaptionsbereich des Geschosses kleiner sein als im Adaptionsbereich der Stummelhülse. Bespielsweise hat das Geschoß einer Panzermunition eine Masse von mehreren Kilogramm. Damit das Geschoß sicher in der Hülse gehalten wird, muß die Wand der Hülse eine entsprechende Belastbarkeit aufweisen. Diese wird durch eine dichtere Fadenablage als im übrigen Wickelkörper erreicht, also durch einen geringeren Abstand der nebeneinander abgelegten Fäden, durch einen kleineren Kreuzungswinkel. Die Stummelhülse belastet den Wickelkörper weniger als das Geschoß. Aufgrund der Strömungsverhältnisse in den Brenngasen ist im Adaptionsbereich der Stummelhülse das Abbrandverhalten des Wickelkörpers langsamer als im übrigen Bereich der Hülse. Durch sogennante Poren, den nicht aufgefüllten Zwischenräumen zwischen den Fäden, kann das Abbrandverhalten verbessert werden. Poren entstehen, wenn die Wicklung der Fäden weniger dicht ist, daß heißt, bei größeren Kreuzungswinkeln und bei größeren Abständen der nebeneinander abgelegten Fäden. Die Kreuzungswinkel können beispielsweise bei einer Munition mit Kaliber 120 mm wie folgt über den Wickelkörper verteilt sein: Im Adaptionsbereich des Geschosses etwa zwischen 15° und 30°, im Adaptionsbereich der Stummelhülse etwa zwischen 30° und 50° und im mittleren Bereich des Wickelkörpers bis zu 90°. Die Erfindung soll aber auf diese Abstufungen sowie auf die genannten Grenzwerte nicht eingeschränkt sein. Die Kreuzungswinkel sind auf das Kaliber und den Verwendungszweck der Munition und damit im wesentlichen auf den Durchmesser und die Länge der Hülse abzustimmen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the crossing angle in Adaption area of the floor may be smaller than in the adaption area of the End socket. For example, the shell of a tank ammunition has a mass of several kilograms. So that the projectile is held securely in the sleeve, the Wall of the sleeve have a corresponding load capacity. This is through a denser thread deposit than in the rest of the package, that is achieved by one smaller distance between the threads placed side by side, by a smaller Crossing angle. The stub sleeve loads the winding body less than that Bullet. Due to the flow conditions in the fuel gases is in Adaptation area of the stub sleeve the erosion behavior of the winding body slower than in the rest of the sleeve. Through so-called pores, which is not filled gaps between the threads, the burning behavior be improved. Pores arise when the winding of the threads is less dense, that is, at larger crossing angles and at larger distances the threads placed side by side. The crossing angles can be, for example, at ammunition with a caliber of 120 mm should be distributed over the winding body as follows: In Adaption area of the floor approximately between 15 ° and 30 °, in the adaption area the stub sleeve approximately between 30 ° and 50 ° and in the central area of the Winding body up to 90 °. However, the invention is based on these gradations and on the limit values mentioned. The crossing angles are on that Caliber and the purpose of the ammunition and thus essentially on the Match diameter and length of the sleeve.

Die Verdichtung des Wickelkörpers an seinen jeweiligen Enden, den Adaptionsbereichen, kann durch Herabsetzung des Kreuzungswinkels in ein- oder mehrstufigen Schritten erfolgen. Durch die Steuerung der Ablage der Fäden kann aber auch eine kontinuierliche Abnahme des Kreuzungswinkels zu den jeweiligen Adaptionsbereichen hin erreicht werden. Bei einem so aufgebauten Wickelkörper wird die Zug- und Druckbelastung der Hülse vergleichmäßigt.The compression of the winding body at its respective ends, the Adaption areas, by reducing the crossing angle in one or multilevel steps. By controlling the filing of the threads but also a continuous decrease in the crossing angle to the respective one Adaptation areas can be reached. With a winding body constructed in this way equalizes the tensile and compressive load on the sleeve.

Nicht nur auf die Belastbarkeit der Hülse sondern auch auf ihr Abbrand- bzw. Verzehrverhalten kann durch die Wahl der Kreuzungswinkel Einfluß genommen werden. So können sich in einem Wickelkörper, der aus mehreren Doppellagen besteht, die Kreuzungswinkel in den jeweiligen Doppellagen voneinander unterscheiden. Um die Wirkung der Treibladung beim Abbrand besonders zu unterstützen kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Aufbau der Wand in radialer Richtung so erfolgt, daß durch die Vorgabe kleiner Kreuzungswinkel die äußersten Schichten einer höheren Druckbelastung standhalten können als die inneren Schichten. Dadurch wird der radialen Verformung der Hülse beim Abbrand der Treibladung ein höherer Widerstand entgegengesetzt, so daß die Wirkung der Treibladung in axialer Richtung auf das Geschoß unterstützt wird.Not only on the resilience of the sleeve but also on its erosion or Consumption behavior can be influenced by the choice of the crossing angle become. So can be in a winding body consisting of several double layers exists, the crossing angles in the respective double layers from each other differ. To especially the effect of the propellant charge when burning It can be advantageous to support the construction of the wall in the radial direction so that by specifying small crossing angles the outermost layers can withstand a higher pressure load than the inner layers. This causes a radial deformation of the sleeve when the propellant charge burns up higher resistance opposed, so the effect of the propellant charge in axial Direction towards the floor is supported.

Eine besonders hohe Festigkeit einer Lage des Wickelkörpers wird dann erreicht, wenn die Fäden zumindest innerhalb einer Doppellage miteinander verflochten sind. Bei den aus Kreuzlagen der Fäden aufgebauten Wände einer Hülse liegen die einzelnen Fadenlagen, auch in einer Doppellage, getrennt übereinander. Mit einer Ablagetechnik der Fäden, die von der aus der Textiltechnik bekannten Wickeltechnik verschiedenen ist, können die Fäden miteinander verflochten werden, wobei der Kreuzungswinkel auch von den 90° abweichen kann, wie er in Geweben üblich ist. Das Flechtmuster kann auf die Belastung der Hülse sowie auf das Abbrandverhalten des Wickelkörpers abgestimmt werden. Die Wände der Hülsen, deren Wickelkörper einen Aufbau aus miteinander verflochtenen Fäden aufweisen, haben eine besonders hohe Festigkeit und eignen sich deshalb insbesondere für große Geschosse, beispielsweise für Panzermunition.A particularly high strength of a layer of the winding body is then achieved if the threads are intertwined at least within a double layer. In the case of the walls of a sleeve built up from cross layers of the threads individual thread layers, also in a double layer, separately one above the other. With a Filing technology of the threads, from the winding technology known from textile technology is different, the threads can be intertwined, the Crossing angle can also deviate from 90 °, as is common in fabrics. The braiding pattern can affect the load on the sleeve as well as the burning behavior of the winding body can be matched. The walls of the sleeves, their winding bodies have a structure of intertwined threads have a special high strength and are therefore particularly suitable for large projectiles, for example for tank ammunition.

Um den Abbrand oder das Verzehren des Wickelkörpers zu beschleunigen und somit zu unterstützen, kann dem Bindemittel, mit dem die Fäden getränkt oder überzogen sind, ein Explosivstoff beigemischt sein. In anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können auch die Zwischenräumen zwischen den Fäden und den Fadenlagen mindestens teilweise mit einem Explosivstoff gefüllt sein. Die nicht gefüllten Zwischenräume zwischen den Fäden und den einzelnen Fadenlagen bilden Poren und können zur Unterstützung der Verbrennung oder des Verzehrs des Wickelkörpers genutzt werden. In den verbliebenen Poren unterstützt der Sauerstoff der eingeschlossenen Luft die Verbrennung. Außerdem bieten die Poren eine Angriffsfläche für die Treibmittelgase, was den Abbrand beziehungsweise den Verzehr beschleunigt. Verbrennen bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, daß die Bestandteile des Wickelkörpers aktiv am Verbrennungsprozeß teilnehmen. Unter verzehrenden Fäden sollen solche Fäden verstanden werden, die sich bei der Verbrennung der Treibladung überwiegend zu gasförmigen Stoffen und/oder zu feinverteilten Partikeln zersetzen. Geeignete Werkstoffe für die Fäden und Zusammensetzungen der Treib- und Bindemittel sind aus der DE 38 25 581 C1 bekannt.To accelerate the burn-up or the consumption of the winding body and thus can support the binder with which the threads are soaked or covered are mixed with an explosive. In another embodiment of the invention can also the spaces between the threads and the thread layers be at least partially filled with an explosive. The unfilled ones Spaces between the threads and the individual thread layers form pores and can help support the combustion or consumption of the bobbin be used. The oxygen in the remaining pores supports the trapped air the combustion. The pores also offer one Area of attack for the propellant gases, which means the erosion or Consumption accelerates. Burning in this context means that the Components of the winding body actively participate in the combustion process. Under consuming threads are to be understood as those threads that are in the Combustion of the propellant charge mainly to gaseous substances and / or decompose finely divided particles. Suitable materials for the threads and Compositions of the blowing and binding agents are from DE 38 25 581 C1 known.

Aufgrund der Wickeltechnik ist es möglich, die Ablage der Fäden so zu steuern, daß insbesondere in den Adaptionsbereichen für das Geschoß bzw. die Stummelhülse, so geformt werden, daß ein einfacher Zusammenbau der Munition möglich ist. Insbesondere am Hülsenmund, dem Adaptionsbereich für das Geschoß, kann beispielsweise eine flanschförmige Verdickung geformt werden. Beim Zusammenbau eines zunächst zerlegten Geschoßkörpers braucht diese Verdickung beispielsweise nur zwischen die Teile eingeklemmt zu werden und ermöglicht so einen paßgenauen und festen Sitz des Geschosses.Due to the winding technique, it is possible to control the filing of the threads so that especially in the adaptation areas for the projectile or the stub sleeve be shaped so that a simple assembly of the ammunition is possible. Especially on the sleeve mouth, the adaptation area for the projectile for example, a flange-shaped thickening can be formed. When assembling an initially disassembled projectile body needs this thickening, for example only to be clamped between the parts and thus enables a precise fit and tight fit of the projectile.

Weiterhin ist es möglich eine Hülse herzustellen, die für die Aufnahme von Geschossen unterschiedlicher Art und Größe geeignet ist. Bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung kann die Adaption mittels eines Anpassungsstücks, eines Geschoßaufnahmeadapters, erfolgen, der in den Wickelkörper integrierbar ist, das heißt, der bei der Herstellung des Wickelkörpers beispielsweise bereits auf dem Wickeldom steckt und überwickelt wird.Furthermore, it is possible to produce a sleeve that is suitable for holding Bullets of different types and sizes are suitable. With one The adaptation can be configured by means of an adapter, one Storey receiving adapter, which can be integrated into the winding body, the means that, for example, already in the manufacture of the winding body on the Wickeldom is stuck and overwrapped.

Die Ausformung einer Verdickung am Hülsenmund zur Befestigung eines Geschoßkörpers beim Herstellen des Wickelkörpers ist einfach möglich, indem zusätzliche Fadenlagen am Hülsenmund abgelegt werden. Die Ablage der Fäden kann in einfachster Weise überwiegend parallel zueinander auf das bereits vorhandene Ende des Wickelkörper erfolgen. Soweit es aufgrund der technischen Gegebenheiten möglich ist, kann auch eine Ablage der Fäden in leichter Kreuzlage erfolgen. Hülsenwand und Verdickung können somit einstückig hergestellt werden. Um eine optimale Paßgenauigkeit beim Einsatz des Geschosses und dem Einsatz der Stummelhülse zu gewährleisten, kann eine spangebende Bearbeitung des Wickelkörpers in den Adaptionsbereichen erforderlich sein, beispielsweise Schleifen oder Überdrehen.The formation of a thickening on the sleeve mouth to attach a Projectile body in the manufacture of the winding body is easily possible by additional thread layers are deposited on the sleeve mouth. The filing of the threads can in the simplest way predominantly parallel to each other on the already existing end of the winding body take place. As far as it is due to the technical Conditions are possible, the threads can also be deposited in a slight cross position respectively. Sleeve wall and thickening can thus be produced in one piece. To ensure an optimal fit when using the bullet and the use of To ensure that the stub sleeve can be machined Winding body may be required in the adaptation areas, for example grinding or spinning.

Die Stummelhülse kann mit dem Wickelkörper verklebt oder nach einer der bekannten Fügetechniken mechanisch mit ihm verbunden werden. Die Stummelhülse ist so aufgebaut, daß der Endbereich ihrer zylindrischen Wand zur Befestigung des Wickelkörpers vorgesehen ist. Die Stummelhülse wird mit diesem Teil in den Wickelkörper hineingeschoben. Der verbleibende Teil der Stummelhülse ist so ausgestaltet, daß er einen Dichtring enthält, mit dem eine Gasleckage, daß heißt ein Austritt der Treibgase entgegen der Förderrichtung des Geschosses an dem Boden der Hülse vorbei, verhindert wird. Je nach dem Kaliber und der Größe der Treibladung können ein oder mehrere Dichtringe vorgesehen sein. The stub sleeve can be glued to the winding body or according to one of the known Joining techniques can be mechanically connected to it. The stub is like this built that the end portion of their cylindrical wall for attaching the Coil is provided. The stub sleeve is with this part in the Pushed in the winding body. The remaining part of the stub sleeve is like this designed that it contains a sealing ring with which a gas leakage, that is, a The propellant gas escapes against the direction of conveyance of the projectile on the floor over the sleeve, is prevented. Depending on the caliber and the size of the propellant charge one or more sealing rings can be provided.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
die Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wickelkörpers mit sich änderndem Kreuzungswinkel der Fäden über die Länge des Wickelkörpers, insbesondere in den Adaptionsbereichen für das Geschoß und die Stummelhülse,
Figur 2
die Ansicht einer Doppellage eines Wickelkörpers, in der die Fäden miteinander verflochten sind,
Figur 3
einen Schnitt durch eine Granate mit einer flanschförmigen Verdickung am Hülsenmund zur Befestigung eines Geschosses, sowie eine Klebeverbindung zwischen dem Wickelkörper der Hülse und der Stummelhülse, die einen Dichtring trägt,
Figur 4
als Detail den Aufbau der Verdickung des Hülsenmunds in der Ansicht und im Schnitt und
Figur 5
einen Schnitt durch eine Granate mit einem Adapter zur Befestigung eines Geschosses sowie eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Wickelkörper der Hülse und der Stummelhülse.
Show it:
Figure 1
the view of a winding body according to the invention with a changing crossing angle of the threads over the length of the winding body, in particular in the adaptation areas for the projectile and the stub sleeve,
Figure 2
the view of a double layer of a winding body in which the threads are intertwined,
Figure 3
2 shows a section through a grenade with a flange-shaped thickening on the sleeve mouth for fastening a projectile, and an adhesive connection between the winding body of the sleeve and the stub sleeve, which carries a sealing ring,
Figure 4
as a detail the structure of the thickening of the sleeve mouth in the view and in section and
Figure 5
a section through a grenade with an adapter for attaching a projectile and a non-positive connection between the winding body of the sleeve and the stub sleeve.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer vereinfachten, schematischen Darstellung einen Wickelkörper 1. Er ist Teil der Hülse einer hier nicht vollständig dargestellten, großkalibrigen Munition, beispielsweise Kaliber 120 mm. Der Wickelkörper 1 ist rotationssymetrisch zur Achse 2 der Munition. Er ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel aus Doppellagen sich kreuzender Fäden 3 aufgebaut. Der Wickelkörper 1 weist einen zylindrischen Teil 4 und einen konischen Teil 5 auf. Der zylindrische Teil 4 umhüllt im wesentlichen die Treibladung, der konische Teil 5 nimmt das Geschoß auf.FIG. 1 shows a winding body 1 in a simplified, schematic representation. It is part of the shell of a large-caliber ammunition that is not fully shown here, for example caliber 120 mm. The winding body 1 is rotationally symmetrical to the axis 2 of the ammunition. In the present exemplary embodiment, it is composed of double layers crossing threads 3 built. The winding body 1 has a cylindrical part 4 and a conical part 5. The cylindrical part 4 essentially envelops the Propellant charge, the conical part 5 takes up the floor.

Die Ansicht des Wickelkörpers 1 zeigt, daß die Kreuzungswinkel 6 über seine Länge unterschiedlich groß sind. Die Fäden 3 sind mit unterschiedlichen Steigungen gewickelt worden. Wenn die Fäden 3 mit geringer Steigung gewickelt werden, kreuzen sie sich mit einem spitzen Kreuzungswinkel 6a oder 6b. Dieser Wicklungsaufbau wird insbesondere in den Endbereichen 7 und 8 des Wickelkörpers 1 bevorzugt, in dem Adaptionsbereich 7 für die hier nicht dargestellte Stummelhülse beispielsweise mit Kreuzungswinkeln 6b von etwa 40° und in dem Adaptionsbereich 8 für das hier nicht dargestellte Geschoß beispielsweise mit Kreuzungswinkeln 6a von etwa 20°. In diesen Bereichen ist der Wickelkörper 1 durch die Befestigung der Stummelhülse bzw. des Geschosses stärkeren Belastungen ausgesetzt. Die erhöhte Anzahl der Fäden 3 sowie ihre Ausrichtung bei der Ablage erhöht die Druckfestigkeit der Wand der Hülse, des Wickelkörpers 1, in diesen Bereichen. Insbesondere im mittleren Bereich des zylindrischen Teils 4 sind die Kreuzungswinkel 6c größer, hier um 75°, weil auch die Steigung der abgelegten Fäden größer ist. Die Zwischenräume 28 zwischen den Fäden 3 werden größer. Sie können als Poren bestehen bleiben oder zumindest teilweise mit Explosivstoff gefüllt werden. Mit größer werdendem Kreuzungswinkel nimmt die Zugfestigkeit des Wickelkörpers in Richtung der Achse 2 der Munition zu. Durch eine Vorgabe des Kreuzungswinkels, das heißt durch die jeweils vorgegebene Steigung der Fäden bei der Ablage, kann ein optimaler Aufbau des Wickelkörpers erreicht werden, der auf die Belastungen und den Abbrand in den einzelnen Bereichen abgestimmt ist. Am Hülsenmund, im Adaptionsbereich 8 für das Geschoß, ist eine Verdickung 20 des Wickelkörpers 1 vorgesehen, beispielsweise in Form eines Flansches, der zur Befestigung des Geschosses in der Hülse genutzt wird.The view of the winding body 1 shows that the crossing angle 6 over its length are different sizes. The threads 3 are with different pitches been wrapped. If the threads 3 are wound with a slight pitch, cross each other with an acute crossing angle 6a or 6b. This Winding structure is particularly in the end regions 7 and 8 of the winding body 1 preferred, in the adaptation area 7 for the stub sleeve, not shown here for example with crossing angles 6b of approximately 40 ° and in the adaptation area 8 for the projectile not shown here, for example with crossing angles 6a of about 20 °. In these areas, the winding body 1 is attached by the Stub sleeve or the projectile exposed to greater loads. The increased The number of threads 3 and their orientation during storage increases the compressive strength the wall of the sleeve, the winding body 1, in these areas. Especially in In the middle area of the cylindrical part 4, the crossing angles 6c are larger, here by 75 ° because the pitch of the deposited threads is also greater. The gaps 28 between the threads 3 become larger. They can remain as pores or at least partially filled with explosive. With growing Crossing angle takes the tensile strength of the winding body in the direction of axis 2 the ammunition. By specifying the crossing angle, that is, by the The predefined pitch of the threads when depositing can be an optimal structure of the winding body can be achieved, which is due to the loads and the erosion in the individual areas. On the sleeve mouth, in the adaptation area 8 for the Floor, a thickening 20 of the winding body 1 is provided, for example in Form of a flange used to fasten the projectile in the sleeve becomes.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus einem Wickelkörper 1, bei dem die Fäden 3 innerhalb einer Doppellage 25 miteinander verflochten sind. Der Kreuzungswinkel 6 beträgt im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel 90°, wie in einem Gewebe. Die Zwischenräume 28 des Geflechts 9 können als Poren bestehen bleiben oder zumindest teilweise mit Explosivstoff gefüllt werden. Mit dem Grad der Verflechtung der Fäden 3 miteinander steigt aufgrund der erhöhten Reibung der Fäden untereinander sowohl die radiale als auch die axiale Festigkeit. Auch die Dichte des Geflechts 9 beeinflußt die Festigkeit. Wickelkörper mit diesem Aufbau sind beispielsweise vorteilhaft einsetzbar bei Munition mit dünnwandigen Hülsen und bei großkalibriger Munition. Statt einzelner Fäden 3 können auch mehrere, eng nebeneinanderliegende Fäden miteinander verflochten werden. Beispielsweise können bei einer Munition mit einem Kaliber von 120 mm neun Fäden nebeneinander, die ein Bändchen von etwa 25 mm Breite bilden, mit einer Steigung von 100 mm bei einer Umdrehung des Wickelkörpers abgelegt werden, um das gezeigte Wickelbild zu erzeugen.FIG. 2 shows a section of a winding body 1 in which the threads 3 are intertwined within a double layer 25. The crossing angle 6 is 90 ° in the present exemplary embodiment, as in a fabric. The Spaces 28 of the braid 9 can remain as pores or at least partially filled with explosives. With the degree of integration the threads 3 rise together due to the increased friction of the threads among themselves both the radial and the axial strength. Even the density of the Braid 9 affects the strength. Winding bodies with this structure are For example, can be used advantageously for ammunition with thin-walled sleeves and large caliber ammunition. Instead of individual threads 3, several can be narrow adjacent threads are intertwined. For example With 120 mm caliber ammunition, nine threads can be which form a ribbon about 25 mm wide, with a slope of 100 mm one revolution of the winding body to be deposited to the winding pattern shown produce.

Figur 3 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Artilleriemunition 10 mit einem Übungsgeschoß 11. Die komplette Hülse 12 besteht aus dem Wickelkörper 1 und der Stummelhülse 13 mit dem Initialzünder 14. Die Stummelhülse 13 besteht aus Metall, einem festen Kunststoff oder einem sonstigen verbrennbaren Werkstoff. Die Stummelhülse 13 ist in den Adaptionsbereich 7 des Wickelkörpers 1 mit ihrem Adaptionsbereich 7a eingeschoben und dort mit dem Wickelkörper 1 verklebt worden. Die Verbindung von Wickelkörper und Stummelhülse ist noch einmal als Einzelheit vergrößert dargestellt. Unterhalb des Adaptionsbereichs 7a, in Richtung Hülsenboden 15, befindet sich eine Nut 16, in der ein Dichtring 17 eingelegt ist. Dieser Dichtring kann aus Kunststoff sein. Er besitzt eine Dichtlippe 18, die radial auswärts und in Abschußrichtung gerichtet ist und der Gasabdichtung dienen soll.Figure 3 shows a section through an artillery ammunition 10 with a training projectile 11. The complete sleeve 12 consists of the winding body 1 and the stub sleeve 13 with the initiator 14. The stub sleeve 13 is made of metal, a solid Plastic or other combustible material. The stub sleeve 13 is in the adaptation area 7 of the winding body 1 with its adaptation area 7a inserted and glued there with the winding body 1. The connection of The winding body and stub sleeve is shown enlarged again as a detail. Below the adaptation area 7a, in the direction of the sleeve base 15, there is one Groove 16, in which a sealing ring 17 is inserted. This sealing ring can be made of plastic. It has a sealing lip 18 which is directed radially outwards and in the firing direction and to serve as a gas seal.

Der Innenraum 19 der Hülse ist mit einem Teil des Übungsgeschosses 11 und, wie hier nicht dargestellt, mit der Treibladung gefüllt. Im konischen Teil 5 des Wickelkörpers 1 ist im Adaptionsbereich 8 für das Geschoß 11 eine Verdickung des Hülsenmundes in Form eines Flansches 20 vorgesehen. Vor der Füllung des Innenraums 19 der Hülse 12 mit der Treibladung und dem Verkleben der Stummelhülse 13 wird das Übungsgeschoß 11 eingesetzt. Das Übungsgeschoß 11 ist mindestens in zwei Teile zerlegbar, in ein Unterteil 21 mit den Stabilisierungsflügeln 22 und einem Kopf 23. Der Kopf 23 ist mit dem Unterteil 21 verschraubbar oder in anderer Form verbindbar. Zunächst wird das Unterteil 21 so weit in die Hülse 12 eingeschoben, bis daß der konische Rand 24 im Adaptionsbereich 8 am Wickelkörper 1 anliegt. Dann wird der Kopf 23 aufgeschraubt, bis daß er fest am Flansch 20 anliegt. Dadurch wird das Übungsgeschoß 11 mit seinem konischen Rand 24 im Adaptionsbereich 8 in der Hülse 12 mittels Klemmsitz fixiert.The interior 19 of the sleeve is part of the practice floor 11 and how not shown here, filled with the propellant charge. In the conical part 5 of the Winding body 1 is in the adaptation area 8 for the projectile 11 a thickening of Sleeve mouth provided in the form of a flange 20. Before filling the Interior 19 of the sleeve 12 with the propellant charge and the gluing of Stub sleeve 13, the practice floor 11 is used. Practice floor 11 is Can be dismantled into at least two parts, into a lower part 21 with the stabilizing wings 22 and a head 23. The head 23 can be screwed to the lower part 21 or in connectable in another form. First, the lower part 21 is inserted so far into the sleeve 12 inserted until that the conical edge 24 in the adaptation area 8 on the winding body 1 is present. Then the head 23 is screwed on until it lies firmly against the flange 20. As a result, the practice floor 11 with its conical edge 24 in Adaptation area 8 fixed in the sleeve 12 by means of a clamp fit.

Figur 4 zeigt als Einzelheit vergrößert den konischen Teil 5 des Wickelkörpers 1 mit dem Adaptionsbereich 8 für das Geschoß, teilweise im Schnitt. Unterhalb der Achse 2 ist eine Aufsicht auf eine Doppellage 25 des Wickelkörpers 1 zu sehen. Die Kreuzungswinkel der sich kreuzenden Fäden 2 nehmen in Richtung des Adaptionsbereichs 8 des Geschosses vom größeren Kreuzungswinkel 6c zum kleineren Kreuzungswinkel 6a ab. Damit nimmt die Anzahl der Fäden in dem Adaptionsbereich 8 zu. Der Flansch 10 zeigt eine nahezu parallele Wicklung der Fäden 2. Oberhalb der Achse 2 ist der Wickelkörper 1 geschnitten. Der Übersichtlichkeit halber sind hier nur zwei Doppellagen 25 dargestellt. Jede Lage der Fäden 2 liegt über der anderen. Nicht dargestellt ist die Umhüllung oder Tränkung der Fäden mit einem Bindemittel oder die Ausfüllung der Lücken 28 zwischen den Fäden mit Explosivstoff. Der Flansch 20 ist als Verdickung auf dem Ende des konischen Teils 5 durch zusätzliche übereinanderliegende, nahezu parallel verlaufende Fadenlagen 26 gebildet worden. Nach der Herstellung des Wickelkörpers kann eine Nachbearbeitung, insbesondere in den Adaptionsbereichen 7 und 8 erfolgen, beispielsweise durch Überdrehen oder Schleifen der Flächen, um saubere und ebene Klebe- bzw. Anlageflächen zu schaffen.FIG. 4 shows a detail of the conical part 5 of the winding body 1 the adaptation area 8 for the floor, partly in section. Below axis 2 a top view of a double layer 25 of the winding body 1 can be seen. The Crossing angle of the crossing threads 2 take in the direction of Adaptation area 8 of the projectile from the larger crossing angle 6c to smaller crossing angle 6a. Thus the number of threads in the Adaptation area 8 to. The flange 10 shows an almost parallel winding of the Threads 2. Above the axis 2, the winding body 1 is cut. The For the sake of clarity, only two double layers 25 are shown here. Every layer of Thread 2 is over the other. The wrapping or impregnation of the is not shown Threads with a binder or the filling of the gaps 28 between the threads with explosive. The flange 20 is as a thickening on the end of the conical part 5 thanks to additional layers of thread lying one above the other, running almost parallel 26 have been formed. After the winding body has been produced, a Post-processing, especially in the adaptation areas 7 and 8, for example by overturning or sanding the surfaces to keep them clean and level To create adhesive or contact surfaces.

In Figur 5 ist ein weiteres Beispiel für eine Artilleriemunition 30 dargestellt. Übereinstimmende Merkmale mit dem vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind mit denselben Bezugsziffern bezeichnet. Übereinstimmung bezüglich des vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiels besteht hinsichtlich der Ausgestaltung des Wickelkörpers 1. Unterschiede bestehen bezüglich der Ausgestaltung der Stummelhülse 31 sowie des Geschosses 32, das im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ein Gefechtskopf ist.Another example of an artillery ammunition 30 is shown in FIG. Features corresponding to the previous embodiment are shown with the same reference numerals. Agreement regarding the previous embodiment exists with regard to the design of the Winding body 1. There are differences in the design of the Stub sleeve 31 and the projectile 32, the present Embodiment is a warhead.

Die Stummelhülse 31 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel mittels einer Klemmverbindung mit dem Wickelkörper 1 verbunden. Auch hier ist die Verbindung von Wickelkörper und Stummelhülse noch einmal als Einzelheit vergrößert dargestellt. In einer ersten Nut 33 im Adaptionsbereich 7a der Stummelhülse 31 ist ein Klemmring 34 eingesetzt, der die Klemmverbindung zwischen Wickelkörper 1 und Stummelhülse 31 herstellt. In einer zum Ende des Wickelkörpers hin liegenden zweiten Nut 35 befindet sich ein Dichtring 36, beispielsweise ein O-Ring aus Gummi, um die Treibladung vor Feuchtigkeit zu schützen. Außerhalb des Adaptionsbereichs 7a auf der Stummelhülse 31 befindet sich, vergleichbar mit dem vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiel, eine Nut 37 in der ebenfalls ein Dichtring 17 mit Dichtlippe 18 eingesetzt ist, der der Gasabdichtung dienen soll. Im Stummelhülsenboden 38 ist der Initialzünder 14 eingesetzt.The stub sleeve 31 is in the present embodiment by means of a Clamp connection connected to the winding body 1. Here is the connection of the winding body and stub sleeve again shown enlarged as a detail. A clamping ring is located in a first groove 33 in the adaptation area 7a of the stub sleeve 31 34 used the clamping connection between the winding body 1 and stub sleeve 31 manufactures. In a second groove 35 lying towards the end of the winding former there is a sealing ring 36, for example a rubber O-ring, around the Protect propellant charge from moisture. Outside the adaptation area 7a the stub sleeve 31 is comparable to the previous one Embodiment, a groove 37 in which a sealing ring 17 with sealing lip 18th is used, which is to serve as a gas seal. In the stub sleeve bottom 38 is the Initial igniter 14 used.

Der Einbau des Gefechtskopfs 32 in den Wickelkörper 1 erfolgt, im Gegensatz zum vorhergehenden Ausführungsbeispiel, mittels eines Geschoßaufnahmeadapters 39. Dieser Geschoßaufnahmeadapter 39 wird bereits bei der Herstellung des Wickelkörpers 1 in den Wickelkörper integriert. Dazu wird der Geschoßaufnahmeadapter auf den Dorn geschoben, auf dem der Wickelkörper hergestellt wird, und mit den Fadenlagen überdeckt. Der Zusammenbau des Gefechtskopfs 32 erfolgt dergestalt, daß zunächst das Oberteil 40 des Gefechtskopfs 32 ohne die Stabilisierungsflügel 41 in den Wickelkörper 1 eingesetzt wird. Dabei kann die Verbindung mit dem Geschoßaufnahmeadapter 39 beispielsweise durch Verkleben oder, wie im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel, durch eine Verschraubung erfolgen. Dazu ist im Geschoßaufnahmeadapter 39 sowie an dem Gefechtskopfoberteil 32 ein Gewinde 42 vorgesehen. Beim Einschrauben des Oberteils 40 des Gefechtskopfs 32 legt sich das Oberteil 40 an das flanschförmig verdickte Ende 20 des Hülsenmunds an und übt auf den konische geformten Geschoßaufnahmeadapter 39 eine in Richtung des sich konisch verjüngenden Teils 5 des Wickelkörpers 1 wirkende Kraft aus, so daß durch den Klemmsitz des Geschoßaufnahmeadapters 39 eine sichere Halterung des Gefechtskopfs 32 erfolgt. Erst nach dem Einsatz des Oberteils 40 des Gefechtskopfs 32 werden die Stabilisierungsflügel 41 angeschraubt, der Innenraum 19 der Hülse mit der Treibladung gefüllt und die Stummelhülse 31 eingesetzt.The installation of the warhead 32 in the winding body 1 takes place, in contrast to previous embodiment, by means of a projectile adapter 39. This projectile adapter 39 is already in the manufacture of Winding body 1 integrated into the winding body. For this the Projectile adapter pushed onto the mandrel on which the winding body is produced, and covered with the thread layers. The assembly of the Warhead 32 takes place in such a way that first the upper part 40 of the warhead 32 is inserted without the stabilizing wing 41 in the winding body 1. there can connect to the bullet adapter 39, for example Glue or, as in the present embodiment, by a screw respectively. For this is in the floor adapter 39 and on the Warhead top 32 a thread 42 is provided. When screwing the Upper part 40 of the warhead 32 places the upper part 40 on the flange thickened end 20 of the sleeve mouth and exerts on the conical shaped Projectile receiving adapter 39 in the direction of the conically tapering part 5 of the winding body 1 acting force, so that by the clamp of Storey adapter 39 a secure mounting of the warhead 32 is carried out. Only after the use of the upper part 40 of the warhead 32 are the Stabilizing wing 41 screwed, the interior 19 of the sleeve with the Propellant filled and the stub 31 inserted.

Claims (12)

  1. Ammunition having a case, the wall of which consists of a combustible or consumable wound package with at least one double layer of intersecting filaments, the filaments being impregnated or coated with a binding agent, and an end socket containing the detonating charge being connected to the wound package, characterised in that the wound package (1) is in one piece, in that, by virtue of a changing deposition of the filaments (3) over the length of the wound package (1), the density of winding of the wound package (1) varies, matching the loading of the case (12), and in that the magnitude of the angle of intersection in the regions with higher loading is less than in the regions with lower loading.
  2. Ammunition according to Claim 1, characterised in that the density of winding of the wound package (1) is determined by the magnitude of the angle of intersection (6) of the filaments.
  3. Ammunition according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the angles of intersection (6a, 6b) of the filaments (3) of the wound package (1) in the adaptation region (8) for the projectile (11, 32) and in the adaptation region (7) for the end socket (13, 31) are smaller than the angles of intersection (6c) in the remaining region of the wound package (1).
  4. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the angles of intersection (6) of the filaments (3) in the wound package (1) decrease continuously in the direction of the adaptation regions (7, 8).
  5. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the wound package (1) consists of several double layers (25) and in that the angles of intersection (6) in the respective double layers (25) differ from one another.
  6. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the filaments (3) form a braided network (9) within a double layer (25) of the wound package (1).
  7. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that an explosive substance is admixed to the binding agent for the filaments (3).
  8. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the interstices (28) between the filaments (3) are filled at least partially with an explosive substance.
  9. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the adaptation region (8) for the projectile (11) is shaped in such a way that the projectile body (11) is capable of being connected to the wound package (1).
  10. Ammunition according to Claim 9, characterised in that, with a view to securing the projectile body (11), a thickening (20) of the wound package (1) is formed from additional filament layers (26), the filaments (3) being deposited predominantly parallel to one another on the wound package (1).
  11. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a projectile-receiving adapter (39) matched to the projectile (32) is integrated within the wound package (1) in the adaptation region (8) for the projectile (32).
  12. Ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that, with a view to preventing leakage of gas, at least one sealing ring (17) is arranged concentrically in relation to the axis (2) of the ammunition (10, 29) on the end socket (13, 31) outside the region (7a) in which adaptation with the wound package (1) is effected.
EP99955854A 1998-10-29 1999-10-16 Ammunition with a shell whose wall consists of combustible or consumable wound body Expired - Lifetime EP1123482B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19849824 1998-10-29
DE19849824A DE19849824A1 (en) 1998-10-29 1998-10-29 Ammunition with a sleeve, the wall of which consists of a combustible or consumable package
PCT/EP1999/007862 WO2000026604A1 (en) 1998-10-29 1999-10-16 Ammunition with a shell whose wall consists of combustible or consumable wound body

Publications (2)

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EP1123482A1 EP1123482A1 (en) 2001-08-16
EP1123482B1 true EP1123482B1 (en) 2003-07-23

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US (1) US6523476B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1123482B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE245799T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2349542C (en)
DE (2) DE19849824A1 (en)
IL (1) IL142830A (en)
WO (1) WO2000026604A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200104079B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1123482A1 (en) 2001-08-16
ATE245799T1 (en) 2003-08-15
WO2000026604A1 (en) 2000-05-11
IL142830A (en) 2004-09-27
CA2349542A1 (en) 2000-05-11
ZA200104079B (en) 2002-07-03
IL142830A0 (en) 2002-03-10
CA2349542C (en) 2007-09-25
DE19849824A1 (en) 2000-05-04
US6523476B1 (en) 2003-02-25
DE59906382D1 (en) 2003-08-28

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