EP1117113A2 - Vacuum interrupter - Google Patents
Vacuum interrupter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1117113A2 EP1117113A2 EP20000117166 EP00117166A EP1117113A2 EP 1117113 A2 EP1117113 A2 EP 1117113A2 EP 20000117166 EP20000117166 EP 20000117166 EP 00117166 A EP00117166 A EP 00117166A EP 1117113 A2 EP1117113 A2 EP 1117113A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrodes
- magnetic
- vacuum interrupter
- constituted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
- H01H33/6644—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
- H01H33/185—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter used for an electric power system.
- a disk shaped stationary electrode at the backward of which a coil electrode is attached and a movable electrode are disposed in a vacuum vessel so as to oppose each other, and when interrupting a current by separating the movable electrode from the stationary electrode, magnetic fluxes induced by the current flowing through the coil electrode are acted on an arc generated in a space between the opposing electrodes to interrupt the current.
- the direction of the magnetic fluxes induced in the space defined by the opposing electrodes, which are used for extinguishing the arc generated in the space between the opposing electrodes formed when the electrodes are separated and for interrupting the current thereof is in parallel with the axial direction (an arc extending direction).
- the magnetic fluxes induced near a ring portion locating at a peripheral portion of the coil electrode are induced so as to encircle near around the ring portion, therefore, magnetic fluxes can not be effectively utilized as the magnetic flux component in the axial direction which has to be introduced in the space formed between the opposing electrodes.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum interrupter which effectively utilizes magnetic fluxes induced near the ring portion of the coil electrode and permits to enhance a current interrupting capacity thereof.
- a vacuum interrupter in which a pair of electrodes relatively movable each other are disposed in an opposing manner in a vacuum vessel and at least one of the electrodes is provided with a disk shaped electrode and a coil electrode arranged back side thereof, is characterized in that at least the peripheral portion of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a magnetic material.
- all of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a magnetic material, or the center portion of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a non-magnetic material and the remaining portion thereof is constituted by a magnetic material.
- a vacuum interrupter in which a pair of electrodes relatively movable each other are disposed in an opposing manner in a vacuum vessel and at least one of the electrodes is provided with a disk shaped electrode and a coil electrode arranged back side thereof, is characterized in that a magnetic field control plate constituted by a magnetic material is interposed between the disk shaped electrode and the coil electrode.
- Fig. 1 is a vertically cross sectioned side view of a vacuum interrupter representing an embodiment according to the present invention.
- a vacuum vessel 1 of the vacuum interrupter is constituted in such a manner that a stationary side end plate 3 and a movable side end plate 4 are connected at both ends of an insulative cylindrical vessel 2 in a hermetically sealed state.
- a disk shaped stationary electrode 5 and a stationary coil electrode 6 arranged at the backward thereof are secured to a top end of a stationary conductor rod 7 and are disposed within such vacuum vessel 1, and a disk shaped movable electrode 8 and a movable coil electrode 9 arranged at the backward thereof are likely secured to a top end of a movable conductor rod 10 and are disposed therein.
- the stationary conductor rod 7 is secured in hermetically sealed manner to the stationary side end plate 3 and passes therethrough, and the movable conductor rod 10 passes through the movable side end plate 4 so as to permit slidable movement thereof.
- a bellows 11 between the movable conductor rod 10 and the movable side end plate 4 a hermetically sealed structure of the vacuum vessel 1 is established.
- the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is evacuated below 1/100 Pa (Pascal) to produce a super vacuum state.
- the electrodes 5, 6, 7 and 8 are surrounded by a metal vapor shield 13 which is held at the inside of the vacuum vessel 1 by a supporting member 12.
- the metal vapor shield 13 is provided to prevent metal vapor evaporating from the electrodes when an arc is generated between the electrodes during current interruption from depositing on the inner face of the insulative vessel 2 and to prevent the insulation performance thereof from reducing.
- connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b are provided which are connected electrically and mechanically to the back face of the outer peripheral circumferential portion of the movable electrode 8.
- these connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b are provided by brazing a separate material on the ring portion 9d, however, the connection use projecting portion 14a and 14b can be formed integrally with the ring portion 9d.
- the electrical and mechanical connection between the movable conductor rod 10 and the movable coil electrode 9 and between the connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b and the outer end portions of the current conducting passage 8f and 8g on the movable electrode is performed by brazing.
- a current enters from the movable conductor rod 10 to the axial center portion 9a of the movable coil electrode 9 where the current branches into two directions and flows in radial direction through the hub portions 9b and 9c and reaches to the ring portion 9d at both ends thereof. Thereafter, at the ring portion 9d the current again branches into two directions and flows in circumferential direction, merges at the connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b, thereafter, the current flows into the outer end portions of the current conducting passages 8f and 8g on the movable electrode 8 and then flows toward the center portions 8e through the current conducting passages 8f and 8g.
- a current flowing through such current passage in the movable coil electrode 9 and the movable electrode 8 induces magnetic fluxes in the direction in parallel with an arc generated at the movable electrode in the axial direction and which magnetic fluxes act to interrupt the arc generated.
- the stationary electrode 5 and the stationary coil electrode 6 are likely constituted in the same configuration as the movable electrode 8 and the movable coil electrode 9, however, are faced thereto by turning the same by 90° around the axis thereof. As a result, the fluxes likely induced by the combination of the stationary electrode 5 and the stationary coil electrode 6 are directed in the same direction of the fluxes induced by the combination of the movable electrode 8 and the movable coil electrode 9.
- the stationary electrode 5 and the movable electrode 8 are respectively constituted by using a magnetic electrode material.
- the magnetic electrode material can be obtained from a complex material which is produced by mixing into copper a magnetic metal such as iron, nickel and cobalt in an amount more than its solid solution limit and by precipitating the same uniformly.
- a magnetic electrode material produced by precipitating cobalt representing a magnetic material in copper is used.
- the stationary electrode 5 and the movable electrode 8 By forming the stationary electrode 5 and the movable electrode 8 with a magnetic material as has been explained above, the magnetic fluxes induced near the ring portions 6d and 9d at the periphery of the stationary and movable coil electrodes 6 and 9 so as to encircle the same are pulled in by the stationary electrode 6 and the movable electrode 8 having magnetic property as illustrated in Fig. 3 so as to direct the same in the axial direction, in that in the direction in parallel with the arc, and to introduce the same in a space 16 between the opposing electrodes, and thereby the magnetic field intensity in the space 16 between the opposing electrodes is increased.
- the magnetic flux density in the axial direction at the peripheral portions of the stationary electrode 5 and the movable electrode 8 is enhanced, thereby, an effective magnetic field in the axial direction can be obtained over a broad range in the space 16 between the opposing electrodes.
- a current interrupting performance of a vacuum interrupter is enhanced in proportion to the space area where the effective magnetic field in the axial direction exists.
- Fig. 4 shows another embodiment according to the present invention.
- non-magnetic contact members 17 and 18 are disposed at the center contact portions in the stationary electrode 5 and the movable electrode 8 and at the other remaining portions thereof magnetic members like in the previous embodiment are disposed.
- the non-magnetic contact members 17 and 18 are constituted by a material which shows a small current carrying resistance during contact thereof and a low weldability.
- a material which shows a small current carrying resistance during contact thereof and a low weldability For example, such as a copper-chrome alloy are preferable therefor.
- These non-magnetic contact members 17 and 18 are constituted in such a manner that the surfaces thereof are slightly projected with respect to the remaining portions of the electrodes 5 and 8 so that the non-magnetic contact members 17 and 18 contact prior to the remaining portions thereof when closing the electrodes.
- the magnetic fluxes induced at the ring portions 6d and 9d of the coil electrodes 6 and 9 near the peripheral portions in the electrodes 5 and 8 can be effectively guided by the magnetic property of the electrodes 5 and 8 into the space 16 defined between the opposing electrodes, and further it prevents that the magnetic flux density at the center portion of the electrodes 5 and 8 excessively increases and contribute to form a uniform magnetic field over a broad area. Further, since no magnetic material is mixed into the contact members 17 and 18, a possible reduction of current carrying performance thereof is suppressed.
- Fig. 5 shows still another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the respective electrodes 5 and 8 are constituted in a two layered structure in which magnetic field control plates 21 and 22 formed by a magnetic material are closely attached on the backs of non-magnetic members 19 and 20.
- the non-magnetic members 19 and 20 are formed by a material such as a copper-lead alloy and a copper-chrome alloy which shows a small current carrying resistance during contact thereof and a low weldability, and the magnetic field control plates 21 and 22 can be constituted by a material such as iron, cobalt and an alloy containing those.
- the magnetic fluxes 15 near the ring portions in that induced at the ring portions 6d and 9d around the peripheries of the coil electrodes 6 and 9 are effectively guided by the magnetic field control plates 21 and 22 into the space 16 between the opposing electrodes so as to extend in the direction in parallel with the axial direction and thereby are effectively utilized to interrupt the arc current.
- the magnetic fluxes induced near the ring portions around the periphery of the coil electrodes are guided by the magnetic member into the space defined between the opposing electrodes so as to direct the same in the direction in parallel with the axial direction and thereby to act on the arc generated between the electrodes, and thus the current interrupting capacity of the vacuum interrupter is enhanced.
Abstract
In a vacuum interrupter which is provided with a pair of disk shaped electrodes 5 and 8 and coil electrodes 6 and 9 relatively movable and opposing each other disposed in a vacuum vessel 1, a part of the disk shaped electrodes is constituted by a magnetic material, thus, magnetic fluxes induced at the peripheral portions of the coil electrodes are guided into a space defined between the opposing electrodes so as to direct in parallel with an arc extending direction and are utilized to interrupt the arc current, thereby, a current interrupting capacity of a vacuum interrupter is enhanced. <IMAGE>
Description
The present invention relates to a vacuum
interrupter used for an electric power system.
In a vacuum interrupter as disclosed and
illustrated in U.S. Patent No.4,336,430, a disk shaped
stationary electrode at the backward of which a coil
electrode is attached and a movable electrode are
disposed in a vacuum vessel so as to oppose each
other, and when interrupting a current by separating
the movable electrode from the stationary electrode,
magnetic fluxes induced by the current flowing through
the coil electrode are acted on an arc generated in a
space between the opposing electrodes to interrupt the
current.
In such vacuum interrupter, it is necessary that
the direction of the magnetic fluxes induced in the
space defined by the opposing electrodes, which are
used for extinguishing the arc generated in the space
between the opposing electrodes formed when the
electrodes are separated and for interrupting the
current thereof, is in parallel with the axial
direction (an arc extending direction). However, the
magnetic fluxes induced near a ring portion locating
at a peripheral portion of the coil electrode are
induced so as to encircle near around the ring
portion, therefore, magnetic fluxes can not be
effectively utilized as the magnetic flux component in
the axial direction which has to be introduced in the
space formed between the opposing electrodes.
An object of the present invention is to provide
a vacuum interrupter which effectively utilizes
magnetic fluxes induced near the ring portion of the
coil electrode and permits to enhance a current
interrupting capacity thereof.
A vacuum interrupter according to the present
invention in which a pair of electrodes relatively
movable each other are disposed in an opposing manner
in a vacuum vessel and at least one of the electrodes
is provided with a disk shaped electrode and a coil
electrode arranged back side thereof, is characterized
in that at least the peripheral portion of the disk
shaped electrode is constituted by a magnetic
material.
Further, all of the disk shaped electrode is
constituted by a magnetic material, or the center
portion of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by
a non-magnetic material and the remaining portion
thereof is constituted by a magnetic material.
Still further, a vacuum interrupter according to
the present invention in which a pair of electrodes
relatively movable each other are disposed in an
opposing manner in a vacuum vessel and at least one of
the electrodes is provided with a disk shaped
electrode and a coil electrode arranged back side
thereof, is characterized in that a magnetic field
control plate constituted by a magnetic material is
interposed between the disk shaped electrode and the
coil electrode.
Fig. 1 is a vertically cross sectioned side view
of a vacuum interrupter representing an embodiment
according to the present invention.
A vacuum vessel 1 of the vacuum interrupter is
constituted in such a manner that a stationary side
end plate 3 and a movable side end plate 4 are
connected at both ends of an insulative cylindrical
vessel 2 in a hermetically sealed state. A disk
shaped stationary electrode 5 and a stationary coil
electrode 6 arranged at the backward thereof are
secured to a top end of a stationary conductor rod 7
and are disposed within such vacuum vessel 1, and a
disk shaped movable electrode 8 and a movable coil
electrode 9 arranged at the backward thereof are
likely secured to a top end of a movable conductor rod
10 and are disposed therein.
The stationary conductor rod 7 is secured in
hermetically sealed manner to the stationary side end
plate 3 and passes therethrough, and the movable
conductor rod 10 passes through the movable side end
plate 4 so as to permit slidable movement thereof.
Through a provision of a bellows 11 between the
movable conductor rod 10 and the movable side end
plate 4 a hermetically sealed structure of the vacuum
vessel 1 is established.
The inside of the vacuum vessel 1 is evacuated
below 1/100 Pa (Pascal) to produce a super vacuum
state.
The electrodes 5, 6, 7 and 8 are surrounded by a
metal vapor shield 13 which is held at the inside of
the vacuum vessel 1 by a supporting member 12. The
metal vapor shield 13 is provided to prevent metal
vapor evaporating from the electrodes when an arc is
generated between the electrodes during current
interruption from depositing on the inner face of the
insulative vessel 2 and to prevent the insulation
performance thereof from reducing.
As illustrated in Fig. 2, the movable coil
electrode 9 which is arranged backward the movable
electrode 8 is provided with hub portions 9b and 9c
which extend in opposite radial directions each other
from a center portion 9a and at the top ends thereof a
ring portion 9d is provided. At center portions of
respective half circular portions of the ring portion
9d formed by being divided by the hub portions 9b and
9c into two parts, connection use projecting portions
14a and 14b are provided which are connected
electrically and mechanically to the back face of the
outer peripheral circumferential portion of the
movable electrode 8. In the present embodiment, these
connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b are
provided by brazing a separate material on the ring
portion 9d, however, the connection use projecting
portion 14a and 14b can be formed integrally with the
ring portion 9d.
At both sides of the connecting portions with the
connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b on the
movable electrode grooves 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d which
extend toward the axial center portion are formed,
thereby, current conducting passages 8f and 8g are
formed which extend from the connecting portions with
the connection use projecting portions 14a and 14b to
the portion 8e.
The electrical and mechanical connection between
the movable conductor rod 10 and the movable coil
electrode 9 and between the connection use projecting
portions 14a and 14b and the outer end portions of the
current conducting passage 8f and 8g on the movable
electrode is performed by brazing.
In the thus constituted movable electrode 8 and
movable coil electrode 9, a current enters from the
movable conductor rod 10 to the axial center portion
9a of the movable coil electrode 9 where the current
branches into two directions and flows in radial
direction through the hub portions 9b and 9c and
reaches to the ring portion 9d at both ends thereof.
Thereafter, at the ring portion 9d the current again
branches into two directions and flows in
circumferential direction, merges at the connection
use projecting portions 14a and 14b, thereafter, the
current flows into the outer end portions of the
current conducting passages 8f and 8g on the movable
electrode 8 and then flows toward the center portions
8e through the current conducting passages 8f and 8g.
A current flowing through such current passage in
the movable coil electrode 9 and the movable electrode
8 induces magnetic fluxes in the direction in parallel
with an arc generated at the movable electrode in the
axial direction and which magnetic fluxes act to
interrupt the arc generated.
The stationary electrode 5 and the stationary
coil electrode 6 are likely constituted in the same
configuration as the movable electrode 8 and the
movable coil electrode 9, however, are faced thereto
by turning the same by 90° around the axis thereof.
As a result, the fluxes likely induced by the
combination of the stationary electrode 5 and the
stationary coil electrode 6 are directed in the same
direction of the fluxes induced by the combination of
the movable electrode 8 and the movable coil electrode
9.
The stationary electrode 5 and the movable
electrode 8 are respectively constituted by using a
magnetic electrode material. The magnetic electrode
material can be obtained from a complex material which
is produced by mixing into copper a magnetic metal
such as iron, nickel and cobalt in an amount more than
its solid solution limit and by precipitating the same
uniformly. In the present embodiment, a magnetic
electrode material produced by precipitating cobalt
representing a magnetic material in copper is used.
By forming the stationary electrode 5 and the
movable electrode 8 with a magnetic material as has
been explained above, the magnetic fluxes induced near
the ring portions 6d and 9d at the periphery of the
stationary and movable coil electrodes 6 and 9 so as
to encircle the same are pulled in by the stationary
electrode 6 and the movable electrode 8 having
magnetic property as illustrated in Fig. 3 so as to
direct the same in the axial direction, in that in the
direction in parallel with the arc, and to introduce
the same in a space 16 between the opposing
electrodes, and thereby the magnetic field intensity
in the space 16 between the opposing electrodes is
increased.
With the above provision, the magnetic flux
density in the axial direction at the peripheral
portions of the stationary electrode 5 and the movable
electrode 8 is enhanced, thereby, an effective
magnetic field in the axial direction can be obtained
over a broad range in the space 16 between the
opposing electrodes. A current interrupting
performance of a vacuum interrupter is enhanced in
proportion to the space area where the effective
magnetic field in the axial direction exists.
With the present embodiment a current
interrupting performance of 180kA at 13.8kV is
obtained.
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment according to the
present invention. In the present embodiment non-magnetic
contact members 17 and 18 are disposed at the
center contact portions in the stationary electrode 5
and the movable electrode 8 and at the other remaining
portions thereof magnetic members like in the previous
embodiment are disposed.
It is preferable that the non-magnetic contact
members 17 and 18 are constituted by a material which
shows a small current carrying resistance during
contact thereof and a low weldability. For example,
such as a copper-chrome alloy are preferable therefor.
These non-magnetic contact members 17 and 18 are
constituted in such a manner that the surfaces thereof
are slightly projected with respect to the remaining
portions of the electrodes 5 and 8 so that the non-magnetic
contact members 17 and 18 contact prior to
the remaining portions thereof when closing the
electrodes.
The other constitutions of the present embodiment
are the same as those in the previous embodiment.
According to the present embodiment, the magnetic
fluxes induced at the ring portions 6d and 9d of the
coil electrodes 6 and 9 near the peripheral portions
in the electrodes 5 and 8 can be effectively guided by
the magnetic property of the electrodes 5 and 8 into
the space 16 defined between the opposing electrodes,
and further it prevents that the magnetic flux density
at the center portion of the electrodes 5 and 8
excessively increases and contribute to form a uniform
magnetic field over a broad area. Further, since no
magnetic material is mixed into the contact members 17
and 18, a possible reduction of current carrying
performance thereof is suppressed.
Fig. 5 shows still another embodiment according
to the present invention. In the present embodiment,
the respective electrodes 5 and 8 are constituted in a
two layered structure in which magnetic field control
plates 21 and 22 formed by a magnetic material are
closely attached on the backs of non-magnetic members
19 and 20. The non-magnetic members 19 and 20 are
formed by a material such as a copper-lead alloy and a
copper-chrome alloy which shows a small current
carrying resistance during contact thereof and a low
weldability, and the magnetic field control plates 21
and 22 can be constituted by a material such as iron,
cobalt and an alloy containing those.
The other constitutions of the present embodiment
are the same as those of the previous embodiments.
With the above electrode structure, the magnetic
fluxes 15 near the ring portions, in that induced at
the ring portions 6d and 9d around the peripheries of
the coil electrodes 6 and 9 are effectively guided by
the magnetic field control plates 21 and 22 into the
space 16 between the opposing electrodes so as to
extend in the direction in parallel with the axial
direction and thereby are effectively utilized to
interrupt the arc current.
According to the present invention, the magnetic
fluxes induced near the ring portions around the
periphery of the coil electrodes are guided by the
magnetic member into the space defined between the
opposing electrodes so as to direct the same in the
direction in parallel with the axial direction and
thereby to act on the arc generated between the
electrodes, and thus the current interrupting capacity
of the vacuum interrupter is enhanced.
Claims (4)
- A vacuum interrupter in which a pair of electrodes relatively movable each other are disposed in an opposing manner in a vacuum vessel and at least one of the electrodes is provided with a disk shaped electrode and a coil electrode arranged back side thereof,
characterized in that at least the peripheral portion of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a magnetic material. - A vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that all of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a magnetic material.
- A vacuum interrupter according to claim 1, characterized in that the center portion of the disk shaped electrode is constituted by a non-magnetic material and the remaining portion thereof is constituted by a magnetic material.
- A vacuum interrupter in which a pair of electrodes relatively movable each other are disposed in an opposing manner in a vacuum vessel and at least one of the electrodes is provided with a disk shaped electrode and a coil electrode arranged back side thereof,
characterized in that a magnetic field control plate constituted by a magnetic material is interposed between the disk shaped electrode and the coil electrode.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000006199A JP2001195962A (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2000-01-11 | Vacuum breaker |
| JP2000006199 | 2000-01-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1117113A2 true EP1117113A2 (en) | 2001-07-18 |
Family
ID=18534766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000117166 Withdrawn EP1117113A2 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2000-08-10 | Vacuum interrupter |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1117113A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001195962A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015144545A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Axial magnetic field contact arrangement |
-
2000
- 2000-01-11 JP JP2000006199A patent/JP2001195962A/en active Pending
- 2000-08-10 EP EP20000117166 patent/EP1117113A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015144545A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Axial magnetic field contact arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001195962A (en) | 2001-07-19 |
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